Physical activator smearing equipment for surface treatment of astragalus sinicus seeds

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seed agricultural machinery, in particular to physical activator smearing equipment for surface treatment of astragalus sinicus seeds, specifically comprising a working box, a material receiving box, a liquid receiving box and a material conveying pump, the material receiving box is fixedly connected with the working box and the liquid receiving box, and the material conveying pump is mounted on the working box; a cleaning area, a smearing area, a drying area and a liquid supply area are arranged in the working box, the cleaning area communicates with the outside and the smearing area, and the material conveying pump communicates with the material collecting box and the drying area; through modular integration, dynamic regulation and control and a resource circulation system, the technical problems of existing equipment in the aspects of efficiency, quality, cost, environmental protection and the like are systematically solved, the coverage rate and the uniformity degree of an activating agent are remarkably improved, the damage rate of seeds is remarkably reduced, and the device is suitable for astragalus sinicus seeds and also suitable for large-scale production. And the method can also be expanded to surface treatment of other legume or small-particle seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seed agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a physical activator coating device for surface treatment of milk vetch seeds. Background Art

[0002] Milk vetch belongs to the genus Astragalus of the legume family, and is a perennial or annual herbaceous plant. It is an important winter green manure crop and nectar source plant. After milk vetch is plowed and incorporated into the soil, it can significantly increase the nitrogen content in the soil by using the biological nitrogen fixation of leguminous crops, thus effectively providing nitrogen for the subsequent crops. This process not only improves soil fertility and soil environment, but also promotes the increase of crop yield and quality. In addition, the plowing and incorporation of milk vetch into the soil also plays an important role in protecting the ecological environment and creating economic benefits, and is one of the important means to achieve sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Seeds with high vigor have significant growth advantages, production potential and stress resistance, which are the basic guarantee for the development of the milk vetch industry. With the large-scale popularization of green manure in agricultural production, the market demand for high-quality milk vetch seeds has increased sharply. However, milk vetch seeds have the characteristic of hard seed dormancy. Their seed coat structure is dense and the texture is hard, which hinders water absorption and makes it difficult for the seeds to imbibe and germinate. Therefore, exploring effective seed treatment methods to improve seed germination rate and subsequent growth quality has important practical significance and urgency in agricultural production. With the advancement of agricultural mechanization, the milk vetch seed activator coating device has emerged as the times require. However, the existing milk vetch seed activator coating devices have the following defects: 1) The manual spraying equipment relies on manual operation, with high labor intensity, easy fatigue of the operators, unstable coating quality, serious splashing of the activator during the spraying process, dirty working environment, and potential harm to human health after long-term exposure. It is used for small-batch experimental treatment and cannot meet the requirements of industrial production. 2) In the stirring type coating equipment, the seeds directly collide with the stirring rod during the stirring process, resulting in a high breakage rate and great damage to milk vetch seeds. The activator is statically deposited at the bottom of the container, with low mixing efficiency. Additional solvents need to be added for dilution, increasing costs and potentially affecting seed activity. Moreover, the equipment cleaning is complex, and the residual coating agent is easy to solidify and block the pipeline, requiring shutdown for cleaning and high maintenance costs. 3) The rotational speed of the drum type equipment is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the seed particle size or the viscosity of the coating agent, resulting in small particle seeds being easily thrown out of the drum, insufficient rolling of large particle seeds, single spraying angle of the activator, only covering one side surface of the seeds, low coverage rate, and no waste liquid recovery system, which is easy to cause environmental pollution and resource waste. 4) The separated cleaning and drying equipment, the series connection of multiple equipment increases the length of the production line, occupies a large area, has a high equipment investment cost, the seeds are exposed to the open environment during the transfer process, are easily contaminated by dust and microorganisms, affecting the germination rate. In the drying link, a fixed hot air box is used, and the hot air distribution is uneven, and the local temperature is too high, which may damage the seed activity.

[0004] Therefore, it has become an urgent problem to provide an efficient physical activator coating equipment that can evenly spray the activator and has a uniform hot air distribution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a physical activator coating equipment for the surface treatment of milk vetch seeds, including a working box, a material receiving box, a liquid receiving box, and a feeding pump. The material receiving box is fixedly connected to the working box and the liquid receiving box respectively, and the feeding pump is installed on the working box;

[0006] Inside the working box, there are a cleaning area, a coating area, a drying area, and a liquid supply area. The cleaning area is respectively connected to the outside and the coating area, and the feeding pump is respectively connected to the material receiving box and the drying area;

[0007] The coating area is provided with a roller shaft mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a nozzle; the roller shaft mechanism includes a housing, a second motor, a transmission shaft, a first sprocket, a second sprocket, a third sprocket, a plurality of roller shafts, a first guide plate, and a second guide plate. Both ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the inner wall of the housing and the output end of the second motor. The second motor is fixed on the housing. The first sprocket is installed on the transmission shaft. Both ends of the roller shaft are respectively installed on the housing. On one side of the shaft head of the roller shaft, there are respectively installed a second sprocket and a third sprocket. Among the plurality of roller shafts, only one roller shaft is installed with a second sprocket, and the remaining roller shafts are only installed with a third sprocket. The first sprocket is connected to the second sprocket through a first chain, and the third sprocket is connected to the third sprockets on different roller shafts through a second chain. The different roller shafts are in contact connection. The first sprocket, the second sprocket, and the third sprocket are located inside the housing. The housing is also provided with a first guide plate, a second guide plate, and a strip-shaped hole. The first guide plate is tangent to the side surfaces of all roller shafts. The strip-shaped hole is located below the roller shaft. The second guide plate is installed at the strip-shaped hole. There is also a through hole on the working box. The first guide plate and the second guide plate extend to the outside through the through hole. The material receiving box is located below the end of the first guide plate, and the liquid receiving box is located below the end of the second guide plate. The lifting mechanism is installed on the housing;

[0008] The nozzle is installed on the inner wall of the working box, and the water outlet of the nozzle faces the roller shaft. The nozzle is connected to the liquid supply area.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning area is provided with a filter cartridge, a stirring mechanism, a first liquid inlet, a first feed inlet, a first liquid outlet, and a first discharge outlet. The filter cartridge is installed on the inner wall of the working box and divides the inside of the cleaning area into a first cavity and a second cavity. The inside of the filter cartridge is the first cavity, and the outside of the filter cartridge is the second cavity. The first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are located in the second cavity. The first feed inlet, the first discharge outlet, and the stirring mechanism are located in the first cavity. There is a first valve at the first discharge outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a first motor and a stirring shaft. The stirring shaft is installed on the inner wall of the working box. A number of stirring rods are provided on the stirring shaft. The stirring shaft is located in the first cavity. One end of the stirring shaft away from the inner wall of the working box is connected to the output end of the first motor, and the first motor is fixed on the working box.

[0011] Preferably, a second feed inlet, a second discharge outlet, an air inlet, an air outlet and a fan are provided in the drying area. A second valve is provided at the second discharge outlet. A filter screen is provided at the air outlet. A filter plate is installed inside the drying area. In the order of the wind direction, there are the air inlet, the filter plate and the air outlet. The second feed inlet and the discharge outlet are respectively located above the filter plate. The fan is respectively connected to the air inlet and the outside. The fan is fixed on the working box. The feeding pump is respectively connected to the receiving box and the second feed inlet.

[0012] Preferably, the filter plate is inclined towards the second discharge outlet.

[0013] Preferably, a liquid tank and a water pump are provided in the liquid supply area. A second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet are provided on the liquid tank. The water pump is respectively connected to the second liquid outlet and the spray head.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a mounting shaft and a hydraulic cylinder. The first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are respectively installed at both ends of the housing. The second mounting seat is movably connected to the inner wall of the working box. The first mounting seat is sleeved on the mounting shaft. The cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the working box, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the second mounting seat is movably connected to the inner wall of the working box through a pin shaft.

[0016] Preferably, spiral threads are provided on the roller shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the spray head is fixed on the inner wall of the working box through a spray head mounting seat.

[0018] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The present invention integrates three major functional modules of cleaning, coating and drying in the working box, significantly reducing the floor area. And the closed design isolates external pollution. The seeds are not exposed during the whole process from feeding to discharging, significantly reducing the seed loss rate. The modules are connected by automatic valves, significantly shortening the processing cycle.

[0020] (2) Multiple roller shafts of the present invention are linked by sprockets, and cooperate with spiral threads to form a "wave-like" propulsion, significantly increasing the rolling frequency of seeds, improving the coverage rate and uniformity of the activator. The roller shafts are in natural contact with the seeds, reducing the seed breakage rate. The spiral thread design can adapt to seeds of different particle sizes, and "one machine with multiple functions" can be realized by replacing the roller shaft module.

[0021] (3) The first deflector can prevent seed accumulation. The strip-shaped holes accurately collect the residual droplets and flow them into the liquid collection tank through the second deflector, improving the utilization rate of resources, reducing costs, and independently treating the cleaning wastewater and the activator waste liquid, which is environmentally friendly.

[0022] (4) The dynamic adjustment of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention can increase or decrease the inclination angle to accelerate or decelerate the flow. For example, when treating a high-viscosity activator, the inclination angle is increased to accelerate the flow, and when treating a low-viscosity activator, the inclination angle is decreased to extend the contact time, adapting to the seed characteristics of different batches in continuous production.

[0023] (5) The filter cartridge of the present invention realizes efficient solid-liquid separation, significantly reducing the consumption of the cleaning liquid. The second cavity is designed with an independent sewage discharge channel, and the waste liquid and impurities are discharged separately to avoid cross-contamination.

[0024] (6) The drying area of the present invention adopts a simple fluidized bed design, making the seeds suspended in a fluidized state, significantly increasing the contact area of the hot air and the uniformity of the seeds being heated. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of the device.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the roller shaft mechanism.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a right view of the roller shaft mechanism.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of different roller shaft connections.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a connection diagram of the hydraulic cylinder, the mounting shaft, and the first mounting seat.

[0031] Figure 6 Plan view of the roller shaft. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Combined with the attached Figure 1-6 , this embodiment provides a physical activator coating device for the surface treatment of milk vetch seeds, including a working box 1, a material receiving box 2, a liquid receiving box 3 and a feeding pump 4. The material receiving box 2 is fixedly connected to the working box 1 and the liquid receiving box 3 respectively, and the feeding pump 4 is installed on the outer surface of the working box 1.

[0035] The interior of the working box 1 is provided with a cleaning area 11, a coating area 12, a drying area 13 and a liquid supply area 14.

[0036] The cleaning area 11 is provided with a filter cartridge 111, a stirring mechanism, a first liquid inlet 112, a first feed inlet 113, a first liquid outlet 114 and a first discharge outlet 115. The filter cartridge 111 is installed on the inner wall of the working box 1 and divides the interior of the cleaning area 11 into a first cavity 1111 and a second cavity 1112. The inside of the filter cartridge 111 is the first cavity 1111, and the outside of the filter cartridge 111 is the second cavity 1112. The first liquid inlet 112 and the first liquid outlet 114 are located in the second cavity 1112, and the first feed inlet 113 and the first discharge outlet 115 are located in the first cavity 1111. A first valve 1115 is provided at the first discharge outlet 115.

[0037] The stirring mechanism includes a first motor 1161 and a stirring shaft 1162. The stirring shaft 1162 is installed on the inner wall of the working box 1 through a bearing. A number of stirring rods 1163 are provided on the stirring shaft 1162. The stirring shaft 1162 is located in the first cavity 1111. One end of the stirring shaft 1162 away from the bearing is connected to the output end of the first motor 1161, and the first motor 1161 is fixed on the outer surface of the working box 1.

[0038] The coating area 12 is provided with a roller mechanism 121, a lifting mechanism and a nozzle 123; the roller mechanism 121 includes a housing 1201, a second motor 1202, a transmission shaft 1203, a first sprocket 1204, a second sprocket 1205, a third sprocket 1206, a plurality of rollers 1209, a first guide plate 1211 and a second guide plate 1212. One end of the transmission shaft 1203 is installed on the inner wall of the housing 1201 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the output end of the second motor 1202. The second motor 1202 is fixed on the inner wall of the housing 1201 through a motor mounting seat 1213. The first sprocket 1204 is installed on the transmission shaft 1203. The second sprocket 1205 and the third sprocket 1206 are respectively installed on the shaft heads on one side of the roller 1209. The shaft ends of the roller 1209 with sprockets are installed on the inside of the housing 1201 through bearings, and the shaft ends without sprockets are movably connected to the housing 1201. Only one roller 1209 among the plurality of rollers 1209 is installed with the second sprocket 1205, and the remaining rollers 1209 are only installed with the third sprocket 1206. The first sprocket 1204 is connected to the second sprocket 1206 through a first chain 1207, and the third sprocket 1206 is connected to the third sprockets 1206 on different rollers 1209 through a second chain 1208. The different rollers 1209 are in contact connection. The roller 1209 is provided with a spiral thread 1210. The first sprocket 1204, the second sprocket 1205 and the third sprocket 1206 are located inside the housing 1201. The housing 1201 is also provided with a first guide plate 1211, a second guide plate 1212 and a strip-shaped hole 1214. The upper surface of the first guide plate 1211 is tangent to the sides of all the rollers 1209. The strip-shaped hole 1214 is located below the roller 1209. The second guide plate 1212 is installed at the strip-shaped hole 1214. The working box 1 is also provided with a through hole 101. The first guide plate 1211 and the second guide plate 1212 extend to the outside through the through hole 101. The material receiving box 2 is located below the end of the first guide plate 1211, and the liquid receiving box 3 is located below the end of the second guide plate 1212.

[0039] The lifting mechanism includes a first mounting seat 1221, a second mounting seat 1222, a mounting shaft 1223 and a hydraulic cylinder 1224. The first mounting seat 1221 and the second mounting seat 1222 are respectively installed at both ends of the housing 1201. The second mounting seat 1222 is movably connected to the inner wall of the working box 1 through a pin shaft. The first mounting seat 1221 is sleeved on the mounting shaft 1223. The cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 1224 is fixed on the inner wall of the working box 1, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1224 is fixedly connected to the mounting shaft 1223.

[0040] The nozzle 123 is installed on a nozzle mounting seat 124. The nozzle mounting seat 124 is fixed on the inner wall of the working box 1. The water outlet of the nozzle 123 faces the roller 1209.

[0041] The drying area 13 is provided with a second feed inlet 1302, a second discharge outlet 1303, an air inlet 1305, an air outlet 1306 and a blower 1307. A second valve 1304 is provided at the second discharge outlet 1303, and a filter screen 1308 is provided at the air outlet 1306. A filter plate 1301 is installed inside the drying area 13. In the direction of the wind, they are the air inlet 1305, the filter plate 1301 and the air outlet 1306 in sequence. The filter plate 1301 is inclined towards the second discharge outlet 1303 at an inclination angle of 15°. The second feed inlet 1302 is located above the filter plate 1301. The blower 1307 is respectively connected to the air inlet 1305 and the outside, and the blower 1307 is fixed on the outer surface of the working box 1.

[0042] The liquid supply area 14 is provided with a liquid tank 141 and a water pump 142. The liquid tank 141 is provided with a second liquid inlet 1411 and a second liquid outlet 1402. The water pump 142 is respectively connected to the second liquid outlet 1402 and the spray head 123.

[0043] The first discharge outlet 115 is connected to the coating area 12 and is located above the roller shaft 1209. The feeding pump 4 is respectively connected to the receiving box 2 and the second feed inlet 1302. The second discharge outlet 1303 is connected to the outside.

[0044] The operating principle of this device is as follows:

[0045] The milk vetch seeds are added into the first cavity 1111 (i.e., inside the filter cylinder 111) from the first feed inlet 113, and the cleaning liquid is added into the second cavity 1112 (i.e., outside the filter cylinder 111) from the first liquid inlet 112. The cleaning liquid enters from the first liquid inlet 112 and flows out from the first liquid outlet 114 to achieve the cleaning of the milk vetch seeds. At this time, turn on the first motor 1161, and the first motor 1161 drives the stirring shaft 1162 and the stirring rod 1163 to start stirring the milk vetch seeds to improve the cleaning effect. After the cleaning is completed, stop the input of the cleaning liquid, drain the remaining cleaning liquid inside the cleaning area, open the first valve 1141, and the milk vetch seeds enter the coating area 12.

[0046] The milk vetch seeds naturally fall onto the roller shaft 1209. At this time, turn on the second motor 1202 and the water pump 142. The second motor 1202 drives all the roller shafts 1209 to move in the same direction through the cooperation of the first sprocket 1204, the second sprocket 1205, the third sprocket 1206, the first chain 1207 and the second chain 1208. The milk vetch seeds gradually move towards the end of the roller shaft 1209 through the movement of the roller shaft 1209 and the action of the texture 1210, and rotate in the same direction as the roller shaft 1209 during the movement. The water pump 142 transports the activator in the liquid tank 141 to the spray head 123 and sprays it on the milk vetch seeds.

[0047] The piston rod of the control hydraulic cylinder 1224 rises, and the milk vetch seeds on the roller 1209 flow faster towards the first guide plate 1211, and fall into the material collection box 2 under the guidance of the first guide plate 1211. The residual activator flowing under the roller 1209 falls into the liquid collection box 3 through the strip-shaped holes 1214 and the second guide plate 1212 in sequence.

[0048] The feeding pump sends the milk vetch seeds in the material collection box 2 into the drying area 13 for drying. The blower 1307 is turned on, and under the action of air pressure, the milk vetch seeds are suspended in the drying area 13 for drying. After drying is completed, the valve two 1304 is opened to take out the milk vetch seeds.

[0049] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A physical activator coating device for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds, characterized in that: It includes a working box, a material receiving box, a liquid receiving box and a material delivery pump, wherein the material receiving box is fixedly connected to the working box and the liquid receiving box respectively, and the material delivery pump is installed on the working box; The working box is provided with a cleaning area, a coating area, a drying area and a liquid supply area. The cleaning area is connected to the outside and the coating area respectively, and the feeding pump is connected to the receiving box and the drying area respectively. The coating area is provided with a roller mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a spray head; the roller mechanism includes a shell, a second motor, a transmission shaft, a sprocket one, a second sprocket, a third sprocket, several rollers, a guide plate one and a second guide plate, the two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the inner wall of the shell and the output end of the second motor, the second motor is fixed to the shell, the first sprocket is installed on the transmission shaft, the two ends of the roller are respectively installed on the shell, the second sprocket and the third sprocket are respectively installed on the shaft head on one side of the roller, only one roller among several rollers is installed with the second sprocket, and the remaining rollers are only installed with the third sprocket, the first sprocket is connected to the second sprocket via the chain one , the sprocket three is connected to the sprocket three on different roller shafts through the chain two, and the different roller shafts are contact-connected, the sprocket one, the sprocket two and the sprocket three are located inside the shell, the shell is also provided with a guide plate one, a guide plate two and a strip hole, the guide plate one is tangent to the side surfaces of all roller shafts, the strip hole is located below the roller shaft, the guide plate two is installed at the strip hole, the working box is also provided with a through hole, the guide plate one and the guide plate two extend to the outside through the through hole, the material receiving box is located below the end of the guide plate one, the liquid receiving box is located below the end of the guide plate two, and the lifting mechanism is installed on the shell; The nozzle is installed on the inner wall of the working box, the water outlet of the nozzle faces the roller shaft, and the nozzle is connected to the liquid supply area.

2. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning area is provided with a filter cartridge, a stirring mechanism, a liquid inlet 1, a feed inlet 1, a liquid outlet 1 and a discharge port 1. The filter cartridge is installed on the inner wall of the working box, and the interior of the cleaning area is divided into cavity 1 and cavity 2. The interior of the filter cartridge is cavity 1, and the exterior of the filter cartridge is cavity 2. The liquid inlet 1 and the liquid outlet 1 are located in cavity 2. The feed inlet 1, the discharge port 1 and the stirring mechanism are located in cavity 1. A valve 1 is provided at the discharge port.

3. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism includes a motor and a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is installed on the inner wall of the working box, a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is located in cavity one, one end of the stirring shaft away from the inner wall of the working box is connected to the output end of the motor, and the motor is fixed on the working box.

4. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying area is provided with two feed ports, two discharge ports, an air inlet, an air outlet and a fan. Two valves are provided at the two discharge ports. A filter is provided at the air outlet. A filter plate is installed inside the drying area. According to the wind direction, they are the air inlet, the filter plate and the air outlet. The two feed ports and the discharge port are respectively located above the filter plates. The fan is respectively connected to the air inlet and the outside world. The fan is fixed on the working box. The feed pump is respectively connected to the receiving box and the two feed ports.

5. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter plate is arranged to be inclined toward the second discharge port.

6. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus seed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid supply area is provided with a liquid tank and a water pump, the liquid tank is provided with a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet, and the water pump is connected with the second liquid outlet and the nozzle respectively.

7. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a mounting seat 1, a mounting seat 2, a mounting shaft and a hydraulic cylinder. The mounting seat 1 and the mounting seat 2 are respectively installed at the two ends of the shell, the mounting seat 2 is movably connected to the inner wall of the working box, the mounting seat is set on the mounting shaft, the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the working box, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting shaft.

8. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second mounting seat is movably connected to the inner wall of the working box through a pin shaft.

9. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller shaft is provided with spiral patterns.

10. The physical activator coating equipment for surface treatment of astragalus vetch seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is fixed on the inner wall of the working box through a nozzle mounting seat.

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