Mortise and tenon joint structure and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mortise and tenon joint structure and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mortise and tenon joint, the mortise and tenon joint structure comprises stand columns, crosspieces, seat frames, side surrounding plates and a seat surface, the number of the stand columns is four, the crosspieces are arranged between the adjacent stand columns, the number of the crosspieces is four, surrounding frames are arranged at the tops of the four corresponding crosspieces, and the number of the surrounding frames is four. The wood seat has the beneficial effects that when the volume of wood is expanded or shrunk due to temperature change, the seat surface can freely move in the seat frame in the front, back, left and right directions in a limited manner, so that stress is effectively released, and the spalling phenomenon caused by stress concentration is avoided; and through the stress dispersion and buffering effects, the adaptability and stability of the structure in a complex environment are further enhanced, the risk of structural damage caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction is reduced, and therefore the reliability and economical efficiency of the tenon-and-mortise structure in practical application are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of mortise and tenon joints, and particularly to a mortise and tenon structure and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] The mortise and tenon structure is a traditional wooden connection technique, widely used in wooden structures such as furniture and architecture. It realizes the connection between woods through the tight fit of the tenon and the mortise, without the use of nails or glue, demonstrating unique structural beauty and practicality;

[0003] After retrieval, a patent with the Chinese patent publication number CN112190054A discloses a mortise and tenon structure chair. Although this mortise and tenon structure chair has low manufacturing cost, high utilization rate of manufacturing materials, simple structure, and convenient installation, and after installation, the entire chair can be fixed into an inseparable whole without relying on any connecting parts. However, since the mortise and tenon structure is mainly composed of wood, the physical properties of the wood itself cause problems in this structure when facing environmental temperature changes. When the mortise and tenon structure expands due to heat, the volume of the wood will increase; the fit between the tenon and the mortise was originally precisely calculated and processed to ensure the tightness and stability of the connection. But after thermal expansion, the tenon may become too large to move smoothly in the mortise, and may even squeeze the inner wall of the mortise; this excessive squeezing will cause the wood fibers to be subjected to strong stress, ultimately causing the wood structure to crack; once the tenon or the mortise cracks, the connection strength of the mortise and tenon structure will be greatly reduced, the original tight fit becomes loose, and may even lead to the damage of the entire structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One of the purposes of this application is to provide a mortise and tenon structure and its usage method to solve the problem that the existing mortise and tenon structure is greatly affected by temperature during use, especially in areas with a large air contact surface, which is prone to the influence of thermal expansion and contraction, resulting in a shortened service life.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A mortise and tenon structure and its usage method, including: columns, crossbars, seat frames, side enclosing plates, and seat surfaces. There are four columns, and crossbars are arranged between adjacent columns. There are four crossbars, and a surrounding frame is arranged at the top of the four corresponding crossbars. There are four surrounding frames, and the four surrounding frames are assembled into a rectangular frame. The two ends of the surrounding frame are respectively inserted into one end of the top of two columns. A seat frame is supported on the top of the surrounding frame. There are hole grooves on both sides of the seat frame. Mortise pins are embedded in the hole grooves on both sides of the seat frame. One end of the bottom of the mortise pin is embedded in the groove on the surface of the surrounding frame. There are two seat frames, and the two seat frames are symmetrically distributed with each other. A seat surface is arranged between the two seat frames. Side enclosing plates are arranged on both sides of the top of the seat surface. The bottom of the side enclosing plate is closely attached to the surface of the seat surface. One end of the side enclosing plate is provided with a front connecting tenon, and one end of the bottom of the front connecting tenon is connected to the seat frame.

[0006] Preferably, the other end of the side enclosing plate is provided with a rear tenon block, and a backboard is arranged between the ends of the two side enclosing plates. Both ends of the backboard are respectively connected to the ends of the side enclosing plates through the rear tenon blocks. Two grooves are opened at the top of the backboard, and a backrest is arranged at the top of the backboard. The bottom of the backrest is provided with a protruding structure, and the bottom of the backrest is inserted into the groove at the top of the backboard through the protruding structure; the side enclosing plate and the backboard are connected through the rear tenon block, forming a stable frame structure; not only effectively disperses the stress between the side enclosing plate and the backboard, but also further enhances the connection strength through the mortise and tenon structure of the fixing block, enabling the entire backrest part to withstand greater external forces during use without loosening or deforming easily; the backrest realizes quick assembly and disassembly through the insertion and cooperation of the protruding structure at its bottom and the groove at the top of the backboard; simplifies the complex connection process in the traditional mortise and tenon structure, without the need for additional tools or glue, and only through a simple insertion action, the installation of the backrest can be completed, greatly improving the assembly efficiency, and also facilitating disassembly and repair or replacement of components when needed.

[0007] Preferably, a groove is formed on one side of the crossbar, and the inner part of the groove is trapezoidal in structure. Grooves are formed on the surfaces of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar. The top and bottom of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar are parallel. Two grooves are formed at the ends of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar, and a tenon wedge is inserted into the grooves. The cross-section of the tenon wedge is triangular in structure. The protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar form a self-locking connection method through the cooperation of the grooves and the tenon wedge. When the tenon wedge is inserted into the groove, its triangular cross-section structure can further expand the tenon head during the knocking process, making it closely fit with the mortise in the column, thus significantly enhancing the connection strength and stability between the crossbar and the column, and effectively preventing loosening caused by external force or long-term use. The design of the trapezoidal groove makes the cooperation between the crossbar and the column more precise, and the combination of the tenon head and the mortise more firm. At the same time, the triangular structure of the tenon wedge can automatically adjust its position after insertion to ensure the close fit of the tenon head and the mortise, further improving the assembly accuracy and reliability.

[0008] Preferably, a groove is formed on the surface of the tenon head at the top of the column, and the groove on the surface of the tenon head at the top of the column is cross-shaped in structure. The two ends of the surrounding frame are flat protruding structures. The two ends of the surrounding frame are inserted into the groove inside the tenon head at the top of the column. Grooves are formed on the surfaces of the two ends of the surrounding frame, and the opening directions of the grooves formed at the ends of adjacent surrounding frames are opposite. The ends of adjacent surrounding frames are snap-fitted through the grooves, and the included angle between the surrounding frames is ninety degrees. The cross-shaped groove at the top of the column and the flat tenon heads at both ends of the surrounding frame cooperate with each other to achieve high-precision positioning and stable connection. It ensures that the surrounding frame can be accurately inserted into the tenon head groove of the column during installation, avoiding structural instability caused by position deviation, thus significantly enhancing the stability and reliability of the overall frame. The grooves at both ends of the surrounding frame are snap-fitted with each other, and the opening directions of the grooves at the ends of adjacent surrounding frames are opposite, making the surrounding frames form a mutually restrictive structure when connected. When the surrounding frames are assembled into a rectangular frame, the snap-fitting of the grooves between adjacent surrounding frames can effectively resist torsion and deformation under the action of external force, significantly improving the torsional resistance and overall rigidity of the frame.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the top of the surrounding frame protrudes from the top of the surrounding frame, the bottom of the seat frame has a groove, and the grooves of the bottom of the seat frame are distributed at the four ends of the bottom of the seat frame, the grooves of the bottom of the seat frame are in a square structure, the grooves on both sides of the seat frame are distributed in a straight line with equal spacing, and the grooves on both sides of the seat frame are in an inverted trapezoidal structure, the grooves on one side of the surrounding frame are distributed in a straight line with equal spacing, and the surrounding frame and the seat frame are respectively embedded with the top end and the bottom end of the tenon, a through hole is opened inside the tenon, and the through hole is filled with rubber, the protruding structure at one end of the top of the surrounding frame cooperates with the square groove at the bottom of the seat frame, It can achieve high-precision positioning and stable support; ensure a tight connection between the seat frame and the surrounding frame, and at the same time, the square structure of the groove further enhances the stability and torsion resistance of the connection, effectively preventing the seat frame from shaking or shifting during use; the inverted trapezoidal grooves on both sides of the seat frame and the straight and evenly spaced grooves on one side of the surrounding frame fit together, which can effectively disperse the stress under the action of external force and avoid structural damage caused by stress concentration; at the same time, the design of the inverted trapezoidal grooves also increases the contact area between the seat frame and the surrounding frame, further improving the overall strength and stability of the structure.

[0010] Preferably, the seat frame is in a U-shaped structure, and one of the seat frames is provided with mortise grooves at both ends, and the other seat frame is provided with protruding tenons at both ends, a groove is provided on the inner side of the seat frame, and the groove on the inner side of the seat frame is slidably connected to the edge of the seat surface, the tenons at both ends of the seat frame are inserted into the mortise grooves at both ends of the other seat frame, the middle part of the top of the seat surface is protruding, and the edge of the protruding structure is chamfered, and the seat frame adopts a U-shaped structure, and the tenons at both ends are connected with the mortise grooves of the other seat frame through mutual insertion, so as to form a stable frame structure; not only the strength of the seat frame itself is improved, but also the connection stability between the two seat frames is enhanced through the mortise and tenon connection, so that the whole structure can be maintained when subjected to pressure or external force. Good integrity effectively prevents structural deformation or loosening caused by local force; the groove on the inner side of the seat frame and the edge of the seat surface are connected by sliding, allowing the seat surface to move freely in a certain direction in the seat frame, thereby effectively avoiding the cracking or deformation between the seat surface and the seat frame caused by thermal expansion and contraction of wood; the mortise and tenon connection between the seat frames and the sliding connection design between the seat surface and the seat frame make the assembly and disassembly process of the entire structure simpler and more efficient; the cooperation between the tenon and the mortise groove can quickly fix the seat frames, and the sliding insertion method of the seat surface can complete the installation of the seat surface without complicated tools or operations, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency and is also convenient for disassembly and maintenance when necessary.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the side panel is provided with two protruding tenons, the front connecting tenon is provided with two mortise grooves matching the side panel tenons, and the end tenon of the side panel is inserted into the side mortise groove of the front connecting tenon, and the bottom of the front connecting tenon is provided with two grooves, the bottom groove of the front connecting tenon is inserted into the top mortise groove of the seat frame, and the top mortise groove of the seat frame is provided with two fixed wedge blocks, and the two wedge blocks in the top mortise groove of the seat frame are inserted into the bottom groove of the front connecting tenon, and the top mortise groove of the seat frame has a trapezoidal structure; the two protruding tenons provided at the end of the side panel are precisely matched with the mortise groove inside the front connecting tenon to form a stable mortise and tenon connection; it can not only withstand large vertical loads, It can also effectively resist the effect of lateral force, significantly enhancing the connection strength between the side panel and the front connecting tenon; at the same time, the groove at the bottom of the front connecting tenon and the trapezoidal mortise at the top of the seat frame are fixed by a wedge block, further enhancing the connection stability between the front connecting tenon and the seat frame, making the entire structure more solid and reliable during use; the wedge block design inside the mortise at the top of the seat frame enables the front connecting tenon to be firmly clamped by the inclined surface of the wedge block after installation; this structure can effectively disperse stress when subjected to external force, avoiding loosening or deformation of the connection due to excessive local force; at the same time, the design of the trapezoidal mortise increases the friction and self-locking performance of the connection, further improving the structure's ability to resist deformation.

[0012] Preferably, a strip-shaped groove is provided at one end of the side panel, and the groove at one end of the side panel is opened vertically, one end of the side panel is in a slope shape, and one end of the side panel is at a forty-five degree angle, the two side panels are tightly fitted with the two ends of the back panel respectively, the two ends of the back panel are beveled, and the back panel and the side panel are spliced ​​at a forty-five degree angle; the bevel design at one end of the side panel is tightly fitted with the beveled structure at both ends of the back panel, forming an oblique angle splicing method; not only does it increase the contact area between the side panel and the back panel, but it also disperses the stress through the oblique angle splicing method, so that the entire backrest part can transfer the load more evenly when under force, thereby significantly enhancing the integrity and stability of the structure.

[0013] Preferably, a slot is provided inside the rear tenon block. Grooves are vertically formed at both ends of the back panel, and the inner part of the rear tenon block is slidably connected to the ends of the back panel and the side enclosing panel respectively. A protruding tenon is provided at the bottom of the rear tenon block, and the bottom of the rear tenon block is inserted into the mortise inside the top of the seat frame. Two wedge-shaped blocks are provided inside the groove and penetrate to the bottom of the rear tenon block; the slot provided inside the rear tenon block cooperates with the grooves at the ends of the back panel and the side enclosing panel, enabling the back panel and the side enclosing panel to be closely attached to the rear tenon block in a sliding connection manner; this sliding connection method not only provides precise positioning but also enhances the connection stability through the fitting structure; meanwhile, the protruding tenon at the bottom of the rear tenon block cooperates with the mortise at the top of the seat frame and is further fixed by the wedge-shaped blocks. This design of combining tenon and mortise with wedge-shaped blocks significantly improves the connection reliability, ensuring that the structure will not loosen due to external forces or vibrations during long-term use; through the sliding connection and tenon-mortise cooperation, the rear tenon block can be quickly assembled with the back panel, the side enclosing panel, and the seat frame; it simplifies the complex knocking and adjustment processes in the traditional tenon-mortise structure, making the assembly process more efficient.

[0014] Preferably, its usage method is as follows:

[0015] S01: Insert the corresponding tenon wedges into the grooves of the tenons at both ends of the crossbar, align the tenons at both ends of the crossbar with the mortises on the side of the column, and then knock the tenons at both ends of the crossbar into the mortises on the side of the column. When both ends of the crossbar enter the column, the tenon wedges expand the tenons at both ends of the crossbar inside the mortises of the column, enabling the two ends of the tenons to be connected to the column, and enabling the four columns to be fixedly connected to the crossbar through tenon-mortise joints;

[0016] S02: Align the tenon grooves at both ends of the enclosing frame, enabling the adjacent enclosing frames to be connected through the tenons at the ends. The enclosing frames are connected to each other through the tenons and are assembled into a rectangular frame. Then insert the connecting ends between the enclosing frames into the cross-shaped mortises at the top of the column, enabling the enclosing frame to be installed and fixed;

[0017] S03: Insert both sides of the seat surface into the grooves inside the two seat frames. Then insert the tenons at both ends of the seat frame into the mortises at both ends of the other seat frame. Align the hole slots at the bottom of the two assembled seat frames with the top of the column, and then insert the top of the column into the hole slots at the bottom of the seat frame. Then insert the tenon pins into the hole slots on the side of the enclosing frame and the seat frame one by one, enabling the seat frame and the enclosing frame to be fixed to each other through the tenon pins;

[0018] S04: Fit the beveled surfaces at the ends of the two side panels with the beveled surfaces at both ends of the back panel, and insert the connecting ends of the side panels and the back panel vertically downward into the inner part of the rear tenon block. Then, through the rear tenon block, the side panels and the back panel can be connected and fixed to each other. Next, dock and insert the mortise groove inside the front connecting tenon with the tenon head at one end of the side panel. After the front connecting tenon is installed and fixed, insert the bottom of the front connecting tenon and the bottom of the rear tenon block into the hole groove at the top of the seat frame. The wedge-shaped block inside the groove at the top of the seat frame will be inserted into the grooves at the bottoms of the front connecting tenon and the rear tenon block. Then, both sides at the bottom of the front connecting tenon and both sides at the bottom of the rear tenon block can be expanded in the groove at the top of the seat frame, so that the side panels and the back panel can be firmly installed. Finally, insert the tenon head at the bottom of the backrest into the mortise groove at the top of the back panel to complete the installation of this mortise and tenon structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0020] (1) Through the movable connection design between the seat frame and the seat surface, this mortise and tenon structure solves the problem of easy cracking that occurs in the traditional fixed connection method when facing thermal expansion and contraction; when the temperature changes cause the volume of the wood to expand or contract, the seat surface can move freely within the seat frame in the front-back, left-right directions with limited displacement, thereby effectively releasing stress and avoiding the cracking phenomenon caused by stress concentration; this movable connection mechanism can not only significantly reduce the wear between the seat surface and the seat frame, extend the service life of the structure, but also further enhance the adaptability and stability of the structure in a complex environment through stress dispersion and buffering effects, reduce the risk of structural damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and thus improve the reliability and economy of the mortise and tenon structure in practical applications.

[0021] (2) Through the mortise and tenon connection between the surrounding frame and the columns, the tenon and pin fixation between the seat frame and the surrounding frame, and the beveled splicing of the side panels and the back panel, etc., this mortise and tenon structure forms a tight and stable connection relationship between each component; the cross-mortise and tenon connection between the surrounding frame and the columns, as well as the groove engagement at the ends of adjacent surrounding frames, not only ensure the stability of the frame, but also enhance the torsional resistance and compressive strength of the structure through the precise fit of the tenon head and the mortise groove; at the same time, the seat frame and the surrounding frame are fixed by tenon pins, further enhancing the stability of the overall structure, enabling the mortise and tenon structure to evenly disperse stress when bearing external forces, avoiding damage caused by excessive local stress, and thus significantly improving the reliability and durability of the mortise and tenon structure in practical use.

[0022] (3) The tenon pin realizes the stable connection between the seat frame and the surrounding frame by being fitted into the hole grooves on both sides of the seat frame and the groove on the surface of the surrounding frame. This connection method not only avoids the problems of loose fitting or cracking between the tenon and the mortise caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of wood in the traditional tenon and mortise structure, but also further enhances the overall stability of the structure through the fitting of the tenon pin. Secondly, the design of filling rubber inside the tenon pin provides an elastic buffering function for the tenon and mortise structure. The elastic characteristics of the rubber can effectively absorb external impact force and vibration, reduce the risk of structural deformation or damage caused by external force, and at the same time can also provide a certain buffer space for the slight expansion and contraction of wood during temperature change, further extending the service life of the tenon and mortise structure. In addition, the use of the tenon pin simplifies the installation and disassembly process, making the assembly of the tenon and mortise structure more convenient and efficient, and when maintenance or replacement of components is required, it can be quickly disassembled and reassembled, significantly improving the practicality and flexibility of the tenon and mortise structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view structure diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rear tenon block structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back panel structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the surrounding frame structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the column of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the front connecting tenon structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the tenon pin structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the seat surface structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the seat frame structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1, column; 2, crossbar; 3, surrounding frame; 4, tenon pin; 5, seat frame; 6, front connecting tenon; 7, side panel; 8, seat surface; 9, rear tenon block; 10, backrest; 11, back panel; 12, tenon wedge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] Next, in combination with specific embodiments, the present application will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of non-conflict, any combination of the following-described embodiments or technical features can form a new embodiment.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that for orientation terms, such as the terms "center", "horizontal", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the indicated orientation and position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0037] One preferred embodiment of the present application is, for example Figures 1 to 10As shown in the figure, a mortise and tenon structure and its usage method include: four vertical columns 1, four crossbars 2, a seat frame 5, side enclosing plates 7, and a seat surface 8. There are four vertical columns 1, and crossbars 2 are arranged between adjacent vertical columns 1. There are four crossbars 2, and a surrounding frame 3 is provided at the top of the four corresponding crossbars 2. There are four surrounding frames 3, and the four surrounding frames 3 are assembled into a rectangular frame. The two ends of the surrounding frame 3 are respectively inserted into one end of the top of two vertical columns 1. A seat frame 5 is supported on the top of the surrounding frame 3. There are hole grooves on both sides of the seat frame 5, and tenon pins 4 are embedded in the hole grooves on both sides of the seat frame 5. One end of the bottom of the tenon pin 4 is embedded in the surface groove of the surrounding frame 3. There are two seat frames 5, and the two seat frames 5 are symmetrically distributed with each other. A seat surface 8 is arranged between the two seat frames 5. Side enclosing plates 7 are provided on both sides of the top of the seat surface 8. The bottom of the side enclosing plate 7 is closely attached to the surface of the seat surface 8. A front connecting tenon 6 is provided at one end of the side enclosing plate 7, and one end of the bottom of the front connecting tenon 6 is connected to the seat frame 5. A rear tenon block 9 is provided at the other end of the side enclosing plate 7, and a back plate 11 is arranged between the ends of the two side enclosing plates 7. Both ends of the back plate 11 are respectively connected to the ends of the side enclosing plates 7 through the rear tenon blocks 9. Two grooves are opened at the top of the back plate 11, and a backrest 10 is provided at the top of the back plate 11. A protruding structure is provided at the bottom of the backrest 10, and the bottom of the backrest 10 is inserted into the top groove of the back plate 11 through the protruding structure; a groove is opened on one side of the crossbar 2, and the structure inside the groove is trapezoidal. Grooves are opened on the surfaces of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar 2, and the top and bottom of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar 2 are parallel. Two grooves are opened at the ends of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar 2, and a tenon wedge 12 is inserted into the grooves. The cross-section of the tenon wedge 12 is triangular; grooves are opened on the surface of the tenon head at the top of the vertical column 1, and the grooves on the surface of the tenon head at the top of the vertical column 1 are cross-shaped. The two ends of the surrounding frame 3 are flat protruding structures, and the two ends of the surrounding frame 3 are inserted into the grooves of the tenon head at the top of the vertical column 1. Grooves are opened on the surfaces of the two ends of the surrounding frame 3, and the opening directions of the grooves opened at the ends of adjacent surrounding frames 3 are opposite. The adjacent surrounding frames 3 are connected by clamping with each other through the grooves, and the included angle between the surrounding frames 3 is 90 degrees; the seat frame 5 is U-shaped. Mortise grooves are opened at both ends of one of the seat frames 5, and protruding tenon heads are provided at both ends of the other seat frame 5. Grooves are opened inside the seat frame 5, and the grooves inside the seat frame 5 are slidably connected to the edge of the seat surface 8. The tenon heads at both ends of the seat frame 5 are inserted into the mortise grooves at both ends of the other seat frame 5. The middle of the top of the seat surface 8 is protruding, and the edge of the protruding structure is chamfered; through the movable connection design between the seat frame 5 and the seat surface 8, this mortise and tenon structure solves the problem of easy cracking that occurs in the traditional fixed connection method when facing thermal expansion and contraction; when the volume of the wood expands or contracts due to temperature changes, the seat surface 8 can move freely within the seat frame 5 in the front, back, left, and right directions with limited positions, thereby effectively releasing stress and avoiding the cracking phenomenon caused by stress concentration;This movable connection mechanism can not only significantly reduce the wear between the seat surface 8 and the seat frame 5, extend the service life of the structure, but also further enhance the adaptability and stability of the structure in complex environments through stress dispersion and buffering effects, reduce the risk of structural damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction, thereby improving the reliability and economy of the mortise and tenon structure in practical applications.

[0038] One preferred embodiment of the present application is as Figures 1 to 9 shown. One end of the top of the surrounding frame 3 protrudes from the top of the surrounding frame 3. There are grooves at the bottom of the seat frame 5, and the grooves at the bottom of the seat frame 5 are distributed at the four ends of the bottom of the seat frame 5. The grooves at the bottom of the seat frame 5 are in a square structure. The grooves on both sides of the seat frame 5 are distributed in a straight line at equal intervals, and the grooves on both sides of the seat frame 5 are in an inverted trapezoidal structure. The grooves on one side of the surrounding frame 3 are distributed in a straight line at equal intervals, and the surrounding frame 3 and the seat frame 5 are respectively fitted with one end of the top and one end of the bottom of the tenon pin 4. A through hole is provided inside the tenon pin 4, and the inside of the through hole is filled with rubber; two protruding tenons are provided at one end of the side panel 7. Two mortise grooves matching the tenons of the side panel 7 are provided inside the front connecting tenon 6, and the tenons at the end of the side panel 7 are inserted into the mortise grooves on the side of the front connecting tenon 6. Two grooves are provided at the bottom of the front connecting tenon 6. The grooves at the bottom of the front connecting tenon 6 are inserted into the mortise grooves at the top of the seat frame 5. And two fixed wedge blocks are provided inside the mortise grooves at the top of the seat frame 5, and the two wedge blocks inside the mortise grooves at the top of the seat frame 5 are inserted into the grooves at the bottom of the front connecting tenon 6. The inside of the mortise grooves at the top of the seat frame 5 is in a trapezoidal structure; a strip-shaped groove is provided at one end of the side panel 7, and the groove at one end of the side panel 7 is vertically provided. One end of the side panel 7 is in an inclined plane shape, and one end of the side panel 7 is at a 45-degree angle. The two side panels 7 are respectively closely attached to both ends of the back panel 11. Both ends of the back panel 11 are obliquely cut, and the back panel 11 and the side panel 7 are spliced at a 45-degree angle; a slot is provided inside the rear tenon block 9. Grooves are vertically provided at both ends of the back panel 11, and the inside of the rear tenon block 9 is respectively slidably connected to the ends of the back panel 11 and the side panel 7. A protruding tenon is provided at the bottom of the rear tenon block 9, and the bottom of the rear tenon block 9 is inserted into the mortise grooves at the top of the seat frame 5, and two wedge blocks are provided inside the grooves and inserted into the bottom of the rear tenon block 9; through the mortise and tenon connection between the surrounding frame 3 and the column 1, the fixation of the seat frame 5 and the surrounding frame 3 by the tenon pin 4, and the oblique cut splicing of the side panel 7 and the back panel 11 and other designs, a tight and stable connection relationship is formed between the various components of this mortise and tenon structure; the cross mortise and tenon groove connection between the surrounding frame 3 and the column 1, and the groove engagement at the ends of adjacent surrounding frames 3 not only ensure the stability of the frame, but also enhance the torsional resistance and compressive strength of the structure through the precise cooperation of the tenons and mortise grooves; at the same time, the seat frame 5 and the surrounding frame 3 are fixed by the tenon pin 4, further enhancing the stability of the overall structure, enabling the mortise and tenon structure to evenly disperse stress when bearing external forces, avoiding damage caused by excessive local stress, thereby significantly improving the reliability and durability of the mortise and tenon structure in actual use.

[0039] One preferred embodiment of the present application is as follows Figures 1 to 8 shown, and its usage method is as follows:

[0040] S01: Insert the corresponding tenon wedges 12 into the grooves of the tenons at both ends of the crossbar 2, so that the tenons at both ends of the crossbar 2 are aligned with the mortises on the side of the column 1, and then knock the tenons at both ends of the crossbar 2 into the mortises on the side of the column 1. When both ends of the crossbar 2 enter the inside of the column 1, the tenon wedges 12 will expand the tenons at both ends of the crossbar 2 inside the mortises of the column 1, so that both ends of the tenons can be connected to the column 1, and thus the four columns 1 can be fixedly connected to the crossbar 2 through tenon and mortise joints;

[0041] S02: Align the tenon grooves at both ends of the surrounding frame 3, so that adjacent surrounding frames 3 are connected through the tenons at the ends. The surrounding frames 3 are connected to each other through tenons and are assembled into a rectangular frame. Then insert the connecting ends between the surrounding frames 3 into the cross-shaped mortises at the top of the column 1, so that the surrounding frame 3 can be installed and fixed;

[0042] S03: Insert both sides of the seat surface 8 into the grooves inside the two seat frames 5. Then insert the tenons at both ends of the seat frame 5 into the mortises at both ends of another seat frame 5. Align the hole slots at the bottom of the two assembled seat frames 5 with the top of the column 1, and then insert the top of the column 1 into the hole slots at the bottom of the seat frame 5. Then insert the tenon pins 4 into the hole slots on the sides of the surrounding frame 3 and the seat frame 5 one by one, so that the seat frame 5 and the surrounding frame 3 can be fixed to each other through the tenon pins 4;

[0043] S04: Fit the beveled surfaces at the ends of the two side panels 7 with the beveled surfaces at both ends of the back panel 11, and insert the connecting ends of the side panel 7 and the back panel 11 vertically downward into the rear tenon block 9. Then the side panel 7 and the back panel 11 can be connected and fixed to each other through the rear tenon block 9. Then dock and insert the mortise inside the front connecting tenon 6 with the tenon at one end of the side panel 7. After the front connecting tenon 6 is installed and fixed, insert the bottom of the front connecting tenon 6 and the bottom of the rear tenon block 9 into the hole slots at the top of the seat frame 5. The wedge-shaped blocks inside the grooves at the top of the seat frame 5 will be inserted into the grooves at the bottoms of the front connecting tenon 6 and the rear tenon block 9, so that both sides of the bottom of the front connecting tenon 6 and both sides of the bottom of the rear tenon block 9 can be expanded inside the grooves at the top of the seat frame 5, making the side panel 7 and the back panel 11 firmly installed. Finally, insert the tenon at the bottom of the backrest 10 into the mortise at the top of the back panel 11 to complete the installation of the tenon and mortise structure;

[0044] Among them, the tenon pin 4 realizes the stable connection between the seat frame 5 and the surrounding frame 3 by being embedded in the hole grooves on both sides of the seat frame 5 and the groove on the surface of the surrounding frame 3. This connection method not only avoids the problems of loose fitting or cracking between the tenon and the mortise caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of wood in the traditional tenon and mortise structure, but also further enhances the overall stability of the structure through the fitting of the tenon pin 4. Secondly, the design of filling rubber inside the tenon pin 4 provides an elastic buffering function for the tenon and mortise structure. The elastic characteristics of the rubber can effectively absorb external impact forces and vibrations, reduce the risk of structural deformation or damage caused by external forces, and at the same time can also provide a certain buffering space for the slight expansion and contraction of wood during temperature changes, further extending the service life of the tenon and mortise structure. In addition, the use of the tenon pin 4 simplifies the installation and disassembly process, making the assembly of the tenon and mortise structure more convenient and efficient, and when maintenance or component replacement is required, it can be quickly disassembled and reassembled, significantly improving the practicality and flexibility of the tenon and mortise structure.

[0045] The above describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, the present application will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mortise and tenon structure, characterized in that: include: A column (1), a cross bar (2), a seat frame (5), a side panel (7) and a seat surface (8), wherein four columns (1) are provided, and a cross bar (2) is provided between adjacent columns (1), four cross bars (2) are provided, and a surrounding frame (3) is provided on the top of the four corresponding cross bars (2), four surrounding frames (3) are provided, and the four surrounding frames (3) are assembled into a rectangular frame body, and the two ends of the surrounding frames (3) are distributed and plugged into one end of the top of the two columns (1), the top of the surrounding frame (3) supports the seat frame (5), and the two sides of the seat frame (5) are provided with holes and grooves, Tenons (4) are embedded in the hole grooves on both sides of the seat frame (5), and one end of the bottom of the tenon (4) is embedded in the groove on the surface of the surrounding frame (3). Two seat frames (5) are provided, and the two seat frames (5) are symmetrically distributed with each other, and a seat surface (8) is provided between the two seat frames (5). Side panels (7) are provided on both sides of the top of the seat surface (8), and the bottom of the side panels (7) and the surface of the seat surface (8) are tightly fitted with each other. A front connecting tenon (6) is provided at one end of the side panel (7), and one end of the bottom of the front connecting tenon (6) is connected to the seat frame (5).

2. A mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear tenon block (9) is provided at the other end of the side panel (7), and a back panel (11) is provided between the ends of the two side panels (7), and the two ends of the back panel (11) are respectively connected to the ends of the side panel (7) through the rear tenon blocks (9), and two grooves are provided at the top of the back panel (11), and a backrest (10) is provided at the top of the back panel (11), and a protruding structure is provided at the bottom of the backrest (10), and the bottom of the backrest (10) is inserted into the groove at the top of the back panel (11) through the protruding structure.

3. The mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided on one side of the crossbar (2), and the interior of the groove is in a trapezoidal structure. Grooves are opened and closed on the surfaces of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar (2), and the top and bottom of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar (2) are arranged in parallel. Two grooves are provided at the ends of the protruding structures at both ends of the crossbar (2), and tenons (12) are inserted into the interior of the grooves. The cross section of the tenon (12) is in a triangular structure.

4. The mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top tenon surface of the column (1) is provided with a groove, and the groove on the top tenon surface of the column (1) is in a cross-shaped structure. The two ends of the surrounding frame (3) are flat protruding structures. The two ends of the surrounding frame (3) are inserted into the grooves of the top tenon of the column (1). The two ends of the surrounding frame (3) are provided with grooves, and the opening directions of the grooves formed at the ends of adjacent surrounding frames (3) are opposite. The ends of the adjacent surrounding frames (3) are connected to each other by means of the grooves, and the angle between the surrounding frames (3) is ninety degrees.

5. The mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the top of the surrounding frame (3) protrudes from the top of the surrounding frame (3); the bottom of the seat frame (5) has a groove, and the grooves of the bottom of the seat frame (5) are distributed at four ends of the bottom of the seat frame (5); the grooves of the bottom of the seat frame (5) are in a square structure; the grooves on both sides of the seat frame (5) are distributed in a straight line with equal spacing, and the grooves on both sides of the seat frame (5) are in an inverted trapezoidal structure; the grooves on one side of the surrounding frame (3) are distributed in a straight line with equal spacing, and the surrounding frame (3) and the seat frame (5) are respectively engaged with the top end and the bottom end of the tenon (4); a through hole is opened inside the tenon (4), and the through hole is filled with rubber.

6. The mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seat frame (5) is in a U-shaped structure, and one of the seat frames (5) is provided with mortises at both ends, and the other seat frame (5) is provided with protruding tenons at both ends. A groove is provided on the inner side of the seat frame (5), and the inner groove of the seat frame (5) is slidably connected to the edge of the seat surface (8). The tenons at both ends of the seat frame (5) are inserted into the mortises at both ends of the other seat frame (5). The middle part of the top of the seat surface (8) is in a protruding shape, and the edge of the protruding structure is chamfered.

7. The mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two protruding tenons are arranged at one end of the side panel (7), two mortises matching the tenons of the side panel (7) are arranged inside the front connecting tenon (6), and the end tenons of the side panel (7) are inserted into the side mortises of the front connecting tenon (6), and two grooves are arranged at the bottom of the front connecting tenon (6), and the bottom grooves of the front connecting tenon (6) are inserted into the top mortises of the seat frame (5), and two fixed wedge blocks are arranged inside the top mortises of the seat frame (5), and the two wedge blocks inside the top mortises of the seat frame (5) are inserted into the bottom grooves of the front connecting tenon (6), and the top mortises of the seat frame (5) have a trapezoidal structure.

8. The mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the side panel (7) is provided with a strip-shaped groove, and the groove at one end of the side panel (7) is opened vertically, one end of the side panel (7) is in the shape of an inclined plane, and one end of the side panel (7) is in the shape of a forty-five-degree angle, the two side panels (7) are tightly fitted with the two ends of the back panel (11), the two ends of the back panel (11) are beveled, and the back panel (11) and the side panel (7) are spliced ​​to form a forty-five-degree angle.

9. The mortise and tenon structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear tenon block (9) is provided with a slot inside, and grooves are vertically provided at both ends of the back plate (11), and the rear tenon block (9) is slidably connected to the back plate (11) and the end of the side panel (7) respectively. A protruding tenon is provided at the bottom of the rear tenon block (9), and the bottom of the rear tenon block (9) is inserted into the top mortise of the seat frame (5), and two wedge-shaped blocks are provided inside the groove and inserted into the bottom of the rear tenon block (9).

10. A method for using a mortise and tenon structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Here’s how to use it: S01: inserting corresponding tenon wedges (12) into the grooves of the tenons at both ends of the crosspiece (2), so that the tenons at both ends of the crosspiece (2) are aligned with the tenons on the side of the column (1), and then knocking the tenons at both ends of the crosspiece (2) into the tenons on the side of the column (1). When both ends of the crosspiece (2) enter the interior of the column (1), the tenon wedges (12) open the tenons at both ends of the crosspiece (2) inside the tenons of the column (1), so that both ends of the tenons can be connected to the column (1), and then the four columns (1) can be fixed to the crosspiece (2) through the tenon and tenon connection; S02: Align the tenon grooves at both ends of the enclosure (3), so that adjacent enclosures (3) are connected via the tenons at the ends, and the enclosures (3) are connected to each other via the tenons, and assembled to form a rectangular frame, and then the connecting ends of the enclosures (3) are inserted into the cross-shaped mortise grooves at the tops of the columns (1), so that the enclosures (3) can be installed and fixed; S03: inserting the two sides of the seat surface (8) into the grooves on the inner sides of the two seat frames (5), and then inserting the tenons at both ends of the seat frame (5) into the mortises at both ends of the other seat frame (5), aligning the holes at the bottom of the two assembled seat frames (5) with the top of the column (1), and then inserting the top of the column (1) into the holes at the bottom of the seat frame (5), and then inserting the tenons (4) one by one into the holes on the sides of the surrounding frame (3) and the seat frame (5), so that the seat frame (5) and the surrounding frame (3) can be fixed to each other through the tenons (4); S04: The chamfered surfaces at the ends of the two side panels (7) are fitted with the chamfered surfaces at both ends of the back panel (11), and the connecting ends of the side panels (7) and the back panel (11) are vertically inserted downward into the rear tenon block (9), so that the side panels (7) and the back panel (11) can be connected and fixed to each other through the rear tenon block (9), and then the mortise groove inside the front connecting tenon (6) is butted and inserted into the tenon head at one end of the side panels (7). After the front connecting tenon (6) is installed and fixed, the bottom of the front connecting tenon (6) is connected to the The bottom of the rear tenon block (9) is inserted into the hole groove at the top of the seat frame (5), and the wedge block inside the groove at the top of the seat frame (5) is inserted into the grooves at the bottom of the front connecting tenon (6) and the rear tenon block (9), so that the two sides of the bottom of the front connecting tenon (6) and the two sides of the bottom of the rear tenon block (9) can be stretched in the groove at the top of the seat frame (5), so that the side panel (7) and the back panel (11) can be firmly installed, and finally the tenon at the bottom of the backrest (10) is inserted into the mortise groove at the top of the back panel (11) to complete the installation of the mortise and tenon structure.

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