Optimal configuration method and device of wind and light hydrogen storage and production system and wind and light hydrogen storage and production system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an optimal configuration method and device for a wind and light hydrogen storage and production system and the wind and light hydrogen storage and production system. A target function of an off-grid type wind and light hydrogen storage and production system and a target function of a grid-connected type wind and light hydrogen storage and production system are established by taking the lowest unit cubic hydrogen cost as an optimization target; constraining the objective function from the aspects of power generation, energy storage, hydrogen production and actual operation; and finally solving the target function under the constraint condition to obtain the optimal value of the decision variable of the corresponding target function. The technical problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that a wind-light hydrogen storage and production system does not have a scientific wind-light hydrogen storage and production matching rule, economical efficiency is poor, and resources are wasted are solved, and the technical effects that the matching rule of the wind-light hydrogen storage and production system is scientifically formulated, system economics is effectively improved, and resource waste is avoided are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of power systems, and in particular, to an optimization configuration method, device, and wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system for a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the enhancement of environmental awareness, the development and utilization of renewable energy have become an important development direction in the global energy field. Among them, the wind-solar complementary power generation system occupies an important position in energy supply due to its clean and renewable characteristics. However, due to the intermittency, volatility, and unpredictability of wind energy and solar energy, a single wind power or photovoltaic system is difficult to meet the stable and continuous energy demand. Therefore, combining wind-solar complementary power generation with energy storage systems and hydrogen production systems to build an integrated wind-solar-storage hydrogen production project has become an effective way to solve the instability of new energy power generation and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0003] However, in existing wind-solar-storage hydrogen production projects, the matching rules of wind-solar-hydrogen storage are often unclear, and the matching results are uneconomical, resulting in the overall operating efficiency and economic benefits of the project being difficult to meet expectations. Specifically, the matching relationship between the installed capacity of the wind-solar power generation system, the capacity of the energy storage system, and the power consumption of the hydrogen production system lacks a scientific basis, often relying on empirical judgment or simple trial and error, and it is difficult to achieve optimal allocation of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide an optimization configuration method, device, and wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system for a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, which solve the technical problems of poor economy and waste of resources existing in the existing wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system due to the lack of a scientific matching rule for wind-solar-hydrogen storage.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide an optimization configuration method for a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, and the optimization configuration method includes:

[0006] Taking the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, and installed capacity of the energy storage converter as decision variables, and taking the lowest cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization goal, establish an objective function for an off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system;

[0007] Taking the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, installed capacity of the energy storage converter, grid-connected power, and grid-supplemented power as decision variables, and taking the lowest cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization goal, establish an objective function for a grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system;

[0008] Set the constraint conditions of the objective functions of the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, where the constraint conditions at least include photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, hydrogen production load constraints, and actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power;

[0009] Solve the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system or the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system under the constraint conditions to obtain the optimal values of the decision variables of the corresponding objective function.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an optimization configuration device for a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, where the optimization configuration device includes:

[0011] An off-grid objective function establishment unit, configured to establish an objective function of an off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system with the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, and installed capacity of the energy storage converter as decision variables and the lowest cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization objective;

[0012] A grid-connected objective function establishment unit, configured to establish an objective function of a grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system with the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, installed capacity of the energy storage converter, grid-connected power, and grid supplementary power as decision variables and the lowest cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization objective;

[0013] A constraint condition establishment unit, configured to set the constraint conditions of the objective functions of the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, where the constraint conditions at least include photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, hydrogen production load constraints, and actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power;

[0014] A function solving unit, configured to solve the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system or the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system under the constraint conditions to obtain the optimal values of the decision variables of the corresponding objective function.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, where the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system executes the optimization configuration method of the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0016] An embodiment of the present invention discloses an optimization configuration method, device, and a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system. By taking the lowest cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization goal, the objective functions of an off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and a grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system are established, and the objective functions are constrained from aspects of power generation, energy storage, hydrogen production, and actual operation; finally, the objective functions are solved under the constraint conditions to obtain the optimal values of the decision variables of the corresponding objective functions. This application solves the technical problems of poor economy and resource waste existing in the existing wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system due to the lack of a scientific ratio rule for wind-solar-storage hydrogen production, realizes the scientific formulation of the ratio rule for the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, effectively improves the system economy, and avoids the technical effect of resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. is a flowchart of an optimization configuration method for a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. is a structural diagram of an optimization configuration device for a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the sake of description, only parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than all structures.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims, and drawings of the present invention are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to limit a specific order. Each of the following embodiments of the present invention can be executed independently, and the embodiments can also be combined with each other. The embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations on this.

[0021] A wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system is a system that uses solar energy and wind energy to produce hydrogen. Specifically, the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system first uses a photovoltaic power generation system to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and at the same time uses a wind power generation system to convert wind energy into electrical energy to achieve the conversion of natural energy into electrical energy; then, the electrical energy converted from wind and solar is used to decompose water molecules by electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The key equipment in this process is the electrolyzer, which can use electrical energy to electrolyze water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen is collected as an energy storage medium.

[0022] The wind-solar-hydrogen production system includes two types: off-grid type and grid-connected type. Among them, the off-grid type is suitable for remote areas or places where the power grid coverage is insufficient. The off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen production system can operate independently and directly supply the electric energy converted from wind and solar to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production, with the advantages of low investment, high flexibility, and convenient management. While the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen production system, after generating electric energy from the wind power and photovoltaic power generation systems, part of it is converted into alternating current through an inverter and then connected to the power grid, and the other part is used to supply the electrolyzer for hydrogen production. The grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen production system can reduce the impact of the instability of wind and solar power generation on the power grid and effectively utilize the surplus power to achieve hydrogen energy storage.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of an optimization configuration method for a wind-solar-hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the optimization configuration method of the wind-solar-hydrogen production system specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] S101, taking the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, and installation capacity of the energy storage inverter as decision variables, and taking the lowest cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization goal, establish the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen production system.

[0025] Specifically, taking 1 hour as a time period, simulate the entire operation process of the wind-solar-hydrogen production system in a year, and take the wind power system capacity P WD , photovoltaic system capacity P PV , hydrogen production capacity Q h , hydrogen storage capacity Q S , energy storage capacity E rate , and installation capacity P rate of the energy storage inverter (Power Conversion System, PCS) as decision variables, and establish the objective function while considering the construction costs and operation and maintenance costs generated by the photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage power station, and hydrogen production station. Among them, the construction costs can be discounted to the annual value through the discount rate.

[0026] Optionally, the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen production system is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, C hy is the cost per cubic meter of hydrogen production; C OP is the operating cost per unit of hydrogen production; E h is the annual hydrogen production volume; C hum is the cost of operation and maintenance personnel; N hum is the number of operation and maintenance personnel; C nop is the annual operating cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; P PV is the photovoltaic system capacity; P WDis the capacity of the wind power system; C eop is the annual operating cost of energy storage per unit capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; E rate is the energy storage capacity; C WD is the unit construction cost of the wind power system; γ is the discount rate; C PV is the unit construction cost of the photovoltaic system; C h is the unit construction cost of the hydrogen production device; Q h is the hydrogen production capacity; C S is the unit construction cost of the hydrogen storage device; Q S is the hydrogen storage capacity; P rate is the installed capacity of the PCS; C p is the unit construction cost of the PCS; C e is the unit construction cost of the energy storage system; nw, np, nq, ne are the service lives of photovoltaic, peak electricity, hydrogen energy, and energy storage respectively.

[0029] S102. Taking the capacity of the wind power system, the capacity of the photovoltaic system, the hydrogen production capacity, the hydrogen storage capacity, the energy storage capacity, the installed capacity of the energy storage converter, the grid-connected power, and the grid-supplemented power as decision variables, and taking the lowest cost per unit cubic hydrogen as the optimization objective, establish the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-storage-hydrogen production system.

[0030] Specifically, compared with the off-grid wind-solar-storage-hydrogen production system, the grid-connected wind-solar-storage-hydrogen production system needs to additionally consider the feeding of surplus power into the grid and the process of the grid supplementing insufficient power.

[0031] Optionally, the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-storage-hydrogen production system is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, C hy is the cost per unit cubic hydrogen production; C OP is the operating cost per unit hydrogen production; E h is the annual hydrogen production volume; C hum is the cost of operation and maintenance personnel; N hum is the number of operation and maintenance personnel; C nop is the annual operating cost of energy storage per unit capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; P PV is the capacity of the photovoltaic system; Gd is the grid-supplemented power; Pd is the grid electricity price; Gu is the feeding power into the grid; Pu is the feeding electricity price; P WD is the capacity of the wind power system; C eop is the annual operating cost of energy storage per unit capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; E rate is the energy storage capacity; C WD is the unit construction cost of the wind power system; γ is the discount rate; C PV is the unit construction cost of the photovoltaic system; C h is the unit construction cost of the hydrogen production device; Q h is the hydrogen production capacity; CS is the unit cost of the hydrogen storage device; Q S is the hydrogen storage capacity; P rate is the installed capacity of the PCS; C p is the unit cost of the PCS; C e is the unit cost of the energy storage system; nw, np, nq, and ne are the lifetimes of photovoltaic, peak electricity, hydrogen energy, and energy storage respectively.

[0034] S103. Set the constraint conditions of the objective functions for the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system. Among them, the constraint conditions at least include photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, hydrogen production load constraints, and actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power.

[0035] Specifically, after establishing the objective functions for the off-grid and grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production systems, based on the influencing factors of each decision variable in the objective functions, multiple constraint conditions are set. The constraint conditions at least include photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, hydrogen production load constraints, and actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power. For the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, their restrictions in terms of photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, and hydrogen production load constraints are the same. However, in terms of the actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power, since the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system also needs to consider the energy interaction between the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the power grid, there are slight differences.

[0036] S104. Solve the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system or the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system under the constraint conditions to obtain the optimal values of the decision variables of the corresponding objective function.

[0037] Specifically, after setting the constraint conditions of each objective function, the objective function is solved based on the constraint conditions to obtain the optimal values of each decision variable. Finally, the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system performs resource allocation based on the optimal values of each decision variable, making the unit cubic hydrogen production cost C hy the minimum, effectively realizing the optimal allocation of resources and improving the economy.

[0038] This application takes the lowest unit cubic hydrogen cost as the optimization goal, establishes the objective functions for the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, and constraints the objective functions from aspects of power generation, energy storage, hydrogen production, and actual operation; finally, the objective function is solved under the constraint conditions to obtain the optimal values of the decision variables of the corresponding objective function. It solves the technical problems of poor economy and resource waste existing in the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system in the prior art due to the lack of a scientific ratio rule for wind-solar-storage hydrogen production, realizes the scientific formulation of the ratio rule for the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, effectively improves the system economy, and avoids the technical effect of resource waste.

[0039] For an off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen production and energy storage system, the power generation of photovoltaic panels and wind turbines varies with the irradiance and wind speed and direction, showing a fluctuating pattern. Therefore, the operation of hydrogen production and energy storage at different times needs to be determined according to the magnitude of the power generation of photovoltaic panels and wind turbines.

[0040] Optionally, the actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power include:

[0041] When the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than the maximum hydrogen production load:

[0042] Q h (t) = Q hu ;

[0043] Q SV1 (t) = P g (t) - Q hu *A;

[0044] E store (t) = E store (t - 1) + min[Q SV1 (t) * ω, P rate *ω];

[0045] Among them, Q h (t) is the hydrogen production amount in the t-th hour; Q hu is the maximum hydrogen production amount; Q SV1 (t) is the difference between the output of photovoltaic and wind power and the maximum hydrogen production load demand in the t-th hour; P g (t) is the total output of photovoltaic and wind power in the t-th hour; A is the power consumption per cubic meter of hydrogen; E store (t) is the stored electricity of the energy storage system in the t-th hour; E store (t - 1) is the stored electricity of the energy storage system in the (t - 1)-th hour; ω is the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0046] Specifically, when the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than the maximum hydrogen production load, it indicates that the power generation of photovoltaic panels and wind turbines at this time is greater than the maximum electricity required for hydrogen production. At this time, the hydrogen production load is determined according to the maximum hydrogen production capacity of the system. Since the charge-discharge power of the energy storage system cannot exceed the rated power of the energy storage system, it is necessary to select the minimum value of Q SV1 (t) * ω and P rate *ω. Therefore, the actual charge-discharge power P store (t) of the energy storage system per hour is: P store (t) = E store (t - 1) - E store (t), that is, the difference between the stored electricity of the energy storage system at the previous moment and the stored electricity at the current moment.

[0047] When the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than or equal to the minimum hydrogen production load and less than or equal to the maximum hydrogen production load:

[0048] Q SV1 (t) = Q hu *A - P g (t);

[0049] E store (t) = E store (t - 1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω, P rate / ω];

[0050] Q FD (t)=(E store (t - 1)-E store (t))*ω;

[0051]

[0052] Among them, Q FD (t) is the discharge amount of the energy storage system in the t-th hour.

[0053] Specifically, when the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than or equal to the minimum hydrogen production load and less than or equal to the maximum hydrogen production load, it indicates that the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power at this time can meet the minimum power required for hydrogen production, but cannot meet the maximum power required for hydrogen production. At this time, the hydrogen production load is determined by the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power and the discharge amount of the energy storage system, but the total power cannot exceed the maximum hydrogen production load. Therefore, the hydrogen production amount of wind-solar and energy storage is determined by the discharge amount of wind-solar and energy storage and the power consumption per unit of hydrogen production.

[0054] When the output of photovoltaic and wind power is less than the minimum hydrogen production load:

[0055] Q SV1 (t) = Q hu *A - P g (t);

[0056] E store (t) = E store (t - 1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω, P rate / ω];

[0057] Q FD (t)=(E store (t - 1)-E store (t))*ω;

[0058] If Then

[0059] If Then Estore E(t) = store E(t - 1) + min[P g (t) * ω, P rate * ω], Q h Q(t) = 0,

[0060] Specifically, when the output of photovoltaic and wind power is less than the minimum hydrogen production load, it indicates that the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power at this time cannot meet the minimum power required for hydrogen production. Since it is an off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system without the participation of grid power, the hydrogen production load is determined by the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power and the discharge of the energy storage system at this time, but the total power cannot exceed the maximum hydrogen production load. If the sum of the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power and the discharge of the energy storage system is not enough to reach the minimum operating power Q hd , that is at this time, hydrogen production needs to be stopped, that is, the hydrogen production amount is zero, the energy storage system does not discharge, and the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power is stored for future use; if the sum of the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power and the discharge of the energy storage system can reach the minimum operating power Q hd , that is at this time, hydrogen production can start.

[0061] For the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, optionally, the actual operating constraints of photovoltaic and wind power include:

[0062] When the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than the maximum hydrogen production load:

[0063] Q h (t) = Q hu ;

[0064] Q SV1 (t) = P g (t) - Q hu * A;

[0065] E store (t) = E store (t - 1) + min[Q SV1 (t) * ω, P rate * ω];

[0066] P gu (t) = P g (t) - Q hu * A - P store (t) / ω;

[0067] Among them, Q h (t) is the hydrogen production amount in the t-th hour; Q hu is the maximum hydrogen production amount; Q SV1 (t) is the difference between the output of photovoltaic and wind power and the maximum hydrogen production load demand in the t-th hour; Pg (t) is the combined output of photovoltaic and wind power at the t-th hour; A is the hydrogen consumption per unit cubic meter; E store (t) is the stored electricity of the energy storage system at the t-th hour; E store (t - 1) is the stored electricity of the energy storage system at the (t - 1)-th hour; ω is the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage system; P gu (t) is the grid-connected electricity at the t-th hour; P store (t) is the actual charge-discharge power at the t-th hour.

[0068] Specifically, when the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than the maximum hydrogen production load, the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen energy storage system is similar to the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen energy storage system, both indicating that the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power at this time is greater than the maximum power required for hydrogen production. At this time, the hydrogen production load is determined according to the maximum hydrogen production capacity of the system. Since the charge-discharge power of the energy storage system cannot exceed the rated power of the energy storage system, it is necessary to select the minimum value of Q SV1 (t)*ω and P rate *ω. Therefore, the actual charge-discharge power P of the energy storage system per hour store (t) is: P store (t) = E store (t - 1) - E store (t), that is, the difference between the stored electricity of the energy storage system at the previous moment and the stored electricity at the current moment.

[0069] However, when the charging amount of the energy storage system cannot absorb the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power either, the excess non-absorbable power can be grid-connected, that is, the excess power is incorporated into the power grid. The grid-connected electricity P at the t-th hour gu (t) is equal to the combined output of photovoltaic and wind power P at the t-th hour g (t) minus the power consumed by the hydrogen production amount at the t-th hour Q hu *A, and then minus the actual charge-discharge amount P at the t-th hour store (t) / ω.

[0070] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency of the energy storage system are approximately regarded as equal, so they are both ω. In the actual calculation process, the charging efficiency and the discharging efficiency can be set to different values according to needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] When the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than or equal to the minimum hydrogen production load and less than or equal to the maximum hydrogen production load:

[0072] Q SV1 (t) = Q hu *A - P g (t);

[0073] E store (t) = E store(t - 1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω, P rate / ω];

[0074] Q FD (t) = (E store (t - 1)-E store (t)) * ω;

[0075]

[0076] Among them, Q FD (t) is the discharge amount of the energy storage system in the t-th hour.

[0077] Specifically, when the output of photovoltaic and wind power is greater than or equal to the minimum hydrogen production load and less than or equal to the maximum hydrogen production load, the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen production system is similar to the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen production system, both indicating that the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power at this time can meet the minimum power required for hydrogen production, but cannot meet the maximum power required for hydrogen production. At this time, the hydrogen production load is determined by the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power and the discharge amount of the energy storage system, but the total power cannot exceed the maximum hydrogen production load. Therefore, the hydrogen production amount of wind-solar and energy storage is determined by the discharge amount of wind-solar and energy storage and the power consumption per unit of hydrogen production.

[0078] When the output of photovoltaic and wind power is less than the minimum hydrogen production load:

[0079] Q SV1 (t) = Q hu *A - P g (t);

[0080] E store (t) = E store (t - 1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω, P rate / ω];

[0081] Q FD (t) = (E store (t - 1)-E store (t)) * ω;

[0082] If Q FD (t) < Q SV1 (t), then P gd (t) = Q SV1 (t)-Q FD (t),

[0083] Among them, P gd (t) is the grid supplementary power in the t-th hour.

[0084] Specifically, when the output of photovoltaic and wind power is less than the minimum hydrogen production load, the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system is similar to the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, both indicating that the power generation of photovoltaic and wind power at this time cannot meet the minimum power required for hydrogen production. Since it is a grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, there is the participation of grid power, and Q SV1 (t) represents the insufficient power for hydrogen production.

[0085] The discharge amount Q FD (t) of the energy storage system at the t-th hour is the difference between the stored power of the energy storage system at the previous moment and the stored power at the current moment, multiplied by the charge-discharge efficiency ω of the energy storage system, that is, Q FD (t) = (E store (t - 1) - E store (t)) * ω.

[0086] If Q FD (t) < Q SV1 (t), it indicates that the discharge amount of the energy storage system at this time cannot meet the gap of the insufficient power for hydrogen production. At this time, grid power is needed to make up for this gap, and the grid-supplemented power is P gd (t), and it is set to only make up to meet the minimum operating power of the electrolyzer.

[0087] Optionally, the photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints include:

[0088] P PV = P PV.0 + n * L1;

[0089] P WD = P g - P PV ;

[0090] P PV (t) = P PV * W PV (t);

[0091] P WD (t) = P WD * W WD (t);

[0092] P g (t) = P PV (t) + P WD (t);

[0093] Among them, P PV.0 is the initial value of the photovoltaic system capacity; L1 is the photovoltaic step; n is the number of photovoltaic steps; P g is the total capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; P PV (t) is the photovoltaic output at the t-th hour; W PV (t) is the output of the unit-capacity photovoltaic at the t-th hour; PWD W(t) is the wind power output at the t-th hour; WD P(t) is the output of wind power per unit capacity at the t-th hour; g F(t) is the total output of photovoltaic and wind power at the t-th hour.

[0094] Among them, for off-grid and grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production systems, the photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints of the two are the same.

[0095] Specifically, the output of the photovoltaic system per unit capacity at the t-th hour can be calculated by professional PVsyst (photovoltaic system design and simulation software). The output curve of the wind power system per unit capacity at the t-th hour can be obtained by fitting the wind resource data with the output curve of the wind turbine. Finally, different output curves of photovoltaic and wind power at the t-th hour can be obtained through the configuration of different photovoltaic and wind power capacities.

[0096] Optionally, the energy storage capacity constraint includes:

[0097] P rate = P g *α;

[0098] E rate = P rate *h;

[0099] E rate *SOC min < E store F(t) < E rate ;

[0100] Among them, P g is the total capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; α is the percentage of energy storage power in new energy power; h is the energy storage hour; SOC min is the ratio between the minimum remaining power of the energy storage system and the full charge capacity of the energy storage system; E store F(t) is the stored power of the energy storage system at the t-th hour.

[0101] Among them, for off-grid and grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production systems, the energy storage capacity constraints of the two are the same.

[0102] Specifically, the rated power and capacity of the energy storage system are determined by the energy storage percentage and energy storage hour of the total wind-solar capacity. Considering the reaction characteristics, threshold boundaries, static and dynamic differences, rate differences, and estimation accuracy differences of electrochemical energy storage batteries, a buffer interval needs to be reserved for SOC to ensure that the energy storage battery always operates in a safe area. Therefore, an upper and lower threshold needs to be set for the energy storage container, that is, E rate *SOC min < E store F(t) < E rate .

[0103] Optionally, the hydrogen production load constraint includes:

[0104] Q h (t) = P g (t) / A;

[0105] Q h *Q d ≤ Q h (t) ≤ Q h *Q u ;

[0106] Wherein, Q h (t) is the hydrogen production amount at the t-th hour; P g (t) is the total output of photovoltaic and wind power at the t-th hour; A is the power consumption per unit cubic hydrogen; Q u is the ratio of the maximum hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer to the rated hydrogen production amount; Q d is the ratio of the minimum hydrogen production amount of the electrolyzer to the rated hydrogen production amount.

[0107] Wherein, for the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, the hydrogen production load constraints of the two are the same.

[0108] Specifically, the hydrogen production amount per hour is related to the power generation of wind and solar per hour. Within the hydrogen production capacity range of the electrolyzer, the hydrogen production amount Q h (t) at the t-th hour is equal to the total output P g (t) of photovoltaic and wind power at the t-th hour divided by the power consumption per unit cubic hydrogen A. The electrolyzer operates under variable working conditions according to the output of photovoltaic and wind power. It can operate for a long time exceeding a certain proportion of the rated load or reach a part of the rated load for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to set an upper and lower limit threshold for the hydrogen production amount respectively to further limit the hydrogen production amount Q h (t) per unit hour: Q h *Q d ≤ Q h (t) ≤ Q h *Q u .

[0109] Figure 2 is the structural diagram of an optimization configuration device for a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] As Figure 2 shown, the optimization configuration device of the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system specifically includes:

[0111] The off-grid objective function establishment unit 21 is configured to establish an objective function of an off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, taking the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, and installed capacity of the energy storage converter as decision variables, and minimizing the cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization objective;

[0112] The grid-connected objective function establishment unit 22 is configured to establish an objective function of a grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, taking the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, installed capacity of the energy storage converter, grid-connected power, and grid supplementary power as decision variables, and minimizing the cost per cubic meter of hydrogen as the optimization objective;

[0113] The constraint condition establishment unit 23 is configured to set constraint conditions for the objective functions of the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, where the constraint conditions at least include photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, hydrogen production load constraints, and actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power;

[0114] The function solving unit 24 is configured to solve the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system or the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system under the constraint conditions to obtain the optimal values of the decision variables of the corresponding objective function.

[0115] The optimization configuration device of the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same technical features as the optimization configuration method of the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system provided by the above embodiment, so it can also solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.

[0116] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system, and this wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system executes the optimization configuration method of the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system in any of the above embodiments.

[0117] The wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses the optimization configuration method of the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system in the above embodiment. Therefore, the wind-solar-storage hydrogen production system provided by the embodiment of the present invention also has the beneficial effects described in the above embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0118] In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the concept of the present invention, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the configuration of a wind-solar hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: The optimization configuration method comprises: Taking wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, and installed capacity of energy storage converter as decision variables, and taking the lowest unit cubic hydrogen cost as the optimization goal, the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen storage system is established. Taking wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, installed capacity of energy storage converter, grid-connected power, and grid supplemented power as decision variables, and taking the lowest unit cubic hydrogen cost as the optimization goal, the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen storage system is established. Setting constraints of the objective functions of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system, wherein the constraints at least include photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, hydrogen production load constraints, and photovoltaic and wind power actual operation constraints; Under the constraints, the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system or the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system is solved to obtain the optimal values ​​of the decision variables of the corresponding objective functions.

2. The optimization configuration method of the wind-solar hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function of the off-grid wind-solar hydrogen storage system is: Among them, C hy is the hydrogen production cost per cubic meter; C OP is the operating cost per unit of hydrogen production; E h is the annual hydrogen production; C hum N is the cost of operation and maintenance personnel; hum is the number of operation and maintenance personnel; C nop P is the annual operating cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; PV is the photovoltaic system capacity; P WD is the capacity of wind power system; C eop E is the annual operating cost of photovoltaic and wind power storage per unit capacity; rate is the energy storage capacity; C WD is the unit cost of the wind power system; γ is the discount rate; C PV is the unit cost of the photovoltaic system; C h is the unit cost of the hydrogen production device; Q h is the hydrogen production capacity; C S is the unit cost of the hydrogen storage device; Q S is the hydrogen storage capacity; P rate is the installed capacity of PCS; C p is the unit cost of PCS; C e is the unit cost of the energy storage system; nw, np, nq, and ne are the lifespans of photovoltaic power, peak power, hydrogen energy, and energy storage, respectively.

3. The optimization configuration method of the wind-solar hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar hydrogen storage system is: Among them, C hy is the hydrogen production cost per cubic meter; C OP is the operating cost per unit of hydrogen production; E h is the annual hydrogen production; C hum N is the cost of operation and maintenance personnel; hum is the number of operation and maintenance personnel; C nop P is the annual operating cost per unit capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; PV is the capacity of the photovoltaic system; Gd is the amount of electricity supplemented by the grid; Pd is the grid electricity price; Gu is the amount of electricity connected to the grid; Pu is the grid electricity price; P WD is the capacity of wind power system; C eop E is the annual operating cost of photovoltaic and wind power storage per unit capacity; rate is the energy storage capacity; C WD is the unit cost of the wind power system; γ is the discount rate; C PV is the unit cost of the photovoltaic system; C h is the unit cost of the hydrogen production device; Q h is the hydrogen production capacity; C S is the unit cost of the hydrogen storage device; Q S is the hydrogen storage capacity; P rate is the installed capacity of PCS; C p is the unit cost of PCS; C e is the unit cost of the energy storage system; nw, np, nq, and ne are the lifespans of photovoltaic power, peak power, hydrogen energy, and energy storage, respectively.

4. The optimization configuration method of the wind-solar hydrogen storage system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power include: When the photovoltaic and wind power output is greater than the maximum load of hydrogen production: Q h (t)=Q hu ; Q SV1 (t)=P g (t)-Q hu *A; E store (t)=E store (t-1)+min[Q SV1 (t)*ω,P rate *ω]; Among them, Q h (t) is the amount of hydrogen produced in the tth hour; Q hu is the maximum hydrogen production; Q SV1 (t) is the difference between the photovoltaic and wind power output and the maximum load demand for hydrogen production at the tth hour; P g (t) is the total output of photovoltaic and wind power in the tth hour; A is the power consumption per cubic meter of hydrogen; E store (t) is the storage capacity of the energy storage system at hour t; E store (t-1) is the storage capacity of the energy storage system at hour t-1; ω is the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system; When the photovoltaic and wind power output is greater than or equal to the minimum load of hydrogen production, and less than or equal to the maximum load of hydrogen production: Q SV1 (t)=Q hu *A-P g (t); E store (t)=E store (t-1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω,P rate / ω]; Q FD (t)=(E store (t-1)-E store (t))*ω; Among them, Q FD (t) is the discharge capacity of the energy storage system in the tth hour; When the photovoltaic and wind power output is less than the minimum load for hydrogen production: Q SV1 (t)=Q hu *A-P g (t); E store (t)=E store (t-1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω,P rate / ω]; Q FD (t)=(E store (t-1)-E store (t))*ω; like but like Then E store (t) = E store (t-1)+min[P g (t)*ω,P rate *ω],Q h (t) = 0, Among them, Q hd is the minimum operating power of the electrolyzer.

5. The optimization configuration method of the wind-solar hydrogen storage system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The actual operation constraints of photovoltaic and wind power include: When the photovoltaic and wind power output is greater than the maximum load of hydrogen production: Q h (t)=Q hu ; Q SV1 (t)=P g (t)-Q hu *A; E store (t)=E store (t-1)+min[Q SV1 (t)*ω,P rate *ω]; P gu (t)=P g (t)-Q hu *A-P store (t) / ω; Among them, Q h (t) is the amount of hydrogen produced in the tth hour; Q hu is the maximum hydrogen production; Q SV1 (t) is the difference between the photovoltaic and wind power output and the maximum load demand for hydrogen production at the tth hour; P g (t) is the total output of photovoltaic and wind power in the tth hour; A is the power consumption per cubic meter of hydrogen; E store (t) is the storage capacity of the energy storage system at hour t; E store (t-1) is the storage capacity of the energy storage system at hour t-1; ω is the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system; P gu (t) is the online power consumption in the tth hour; P store (t) is the actual charge and discharge power at hour t; When the photovoltaic and wind power output is greater than or equal to the minimum load of hydrogen production, and less than or equal to the maximum load of hydrogen production: Q SV1 (t)=Q hu *A-P g (t); E store (t)=E store (t-1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω,P rate / ω]; Q FD (t)=(E store (t-1)-E store (t))*ω; Among them, Q FD (t) is the discharge capacity of the energy storage system in the tth hour; When the photovoltaic and wind power output is less than the minimum load for hydrogen production: Q SV1 (t)=Q hu *A-P g (t); E store (t)=E store (t-1)-min[Q SV1 (t) / ω,P rate / ω]; Q FD (t)=(E store (t-1)-E store (t))*ω; If Q FD (t) < Q SV1 (t), then P gd (t) = Q SV1 (t) - Q FD (t), Among them, P gd (t) is the amount of electricity replenished by the grid at hour t.

6. The optimization configuration method of the wind-solar hydrogen storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints include: P PV =P PV.0 +n*L1; P WD =P g -P PV ; P PV (t)=P PV *W PV (t); P WD (t)=P WD *W WD (t); P g (t)=P PV (t)+P WD (t); Among them, P PV.0 is the initial value of the photovoltaic system capacity; L1 is the photovoltaic step length; n is the number of photovoltaic steps; P g is the total capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; P PV (t) is the photovoltaic output at the tth hour; W PV (t) is the output of the photovoltaic power plant in the tth hour; P WD (t) is the wind power output at hour t; W WD (t) is the output of unit capacity wind power in the tth hour; P g (t) is the total output of photovoltaic and wind power at the tth hour.

7. The optimization configuration method of the wind-solar hydrogen storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The energy storage capacity constraints include: P rate =P g *α; E rate =P rate *h; IN rate *SOC min <E store (t)<E rate ; Among them, P g is the total capacity of photovoltaic and wind power; α is the percentage of energy storage power to new energy power; h is the number of energy storage hours; SOC min It is the ratio between the minimum remaining capacity of the energy storage system and the full charge capacity of the energy storage system; E store (t) is the storage capacity of the energy storage system at the tth hour.

8. The optimization configuration method of the wind-solar hydrogen storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The hydrogen production load constraints include: Q h (t)=P g (t) / A; Q h *Q d ≤Q h (t)≤Q h *Q u ; Among them, Q h (t) is the hydrogen production in the tth hour; P g (t) is the total output of photovoltaic and wind power in the tth hour; A is the power consumption per cubic meter of hydrogen; Q u Q is the ratio of the maximum hydrogen production of the electrolyzer to the rated hydrogen production; d It is the ratio of the minimum hydrogen production of the electrolyzer to the rated hydrogen production.

9. An optimized configuration device for a wind-solar hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: The optimization configuration device comprises: The off-grid objective function establishment unit is used to establish the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen storage system with the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, and installation capacity of the energy storage converter as decision variables and the lowest unit cubic hydrogen cost as the optimization goal; The grid-connected objective function establishment unit is used to establish the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen storage system with the wind power system capacity, photovoltaic system capacity, hydrogen production capacity, hydrogen storage capacity, energy storage capacity, installed capacity of energy storage converter, grid-connected power, and grid supplemented power as decision variables, and the lowest unit cubic hydrogen cost as the optimization goal; A constraint condition establishment unit, used to set the constraint conditions of the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system and the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system, wherein the constraint conditions at least include photovoltaic and wind power capacity constraints, energy storage capacity constraints, hydrogen production load constraints, and photovoltaic and wind power actual operation constraints; The function solving unit is used to solve the objective function of the off-grid wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system or the objective function of the grid-connected wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system under the constraints to obtain the optimal value of the decision variable of the corresponding objective function.

10. A wind-solar hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: The wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system implements the optimization configuration method of the wind-solar-hydrogen storage and production system described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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