Extensible underground water and soil in-situ online observation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environment detection, and discloses an extensible underground water and soil in-situ online observation system, which comprises an underground water and soil automatic online monitoring management platform, an underground water control module, a soil control module and an auxiliary module, the underground water and soil automatic on-line monitoring management platform can check the state of the detection module and the detected data. The problems that when an existing underground water and soil on-line monitoring device monitors underground water and soil through an on-line sensor, the sensor may have drifting or errors in a complex environment, and the data accuracy is affected are solved; in remote areas and complex terrains, data transmission interruption can be caused by network instability; the problems that underground water and soil equipment are managed separately, data output is not synchronous, the data analysis difficulty is increased, and complex data analysis and modeling are difficult to achieve are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental detection, and specifically relates to an expandable in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil. Background Art

[0002] Soil and groundwater environmental monitoring plays a crucial role in protecting the ecological environment, maintaining ecological balance, ensuring human health, and promoting sustainable development. It is an important task that multiple departments such as natural resources, ecological environment, agriculture and rural areas, and housing and urban-rural construction focus on. During the process of observing groundwater and soil, special detection systems are usually used to assist staff. However, some problems still occur in the actual use of existing observation systems; On this basis, through a search on the patent network, Chinese Patent Application No. CN202110484651.2 discloses a soil and water loss monitoring method and system; Existing in-situ online monitoring equipment for groundwater and soil uses online sensors to monitor groundwater and soil. The sensors may drift or have errors in complex environments, affecting data accuracy; in remote areas and complex terrains, unstable networks can cause data transmission interruptions; the groundwater and soil equipment are managed separately, and the data output is out of sync, increasing the difficulty of data analysis and making it difficult to achieve complex data analysis and modeling.

[0003] In view of the above problems, a expandable in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an expandable in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil. By using this device for work, the problems that when existing in-situ online monitoring equipment for groundwater and soil uses online sensors to monitor groundwater and soil, the sensors may drift or have errors in complex environments, affecting data accuracy; in remote areas and complex terrains, unstable networks can cause data transmission interruptions; the groundwater and soil equipment are managed separately, and the data output is out of sync, increasing the difficulty of data analysis and making it difficult to achieve complex data analysis and modeling are solved.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An expandable in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil, including a groundwater and soil automatic online monitoring management platform, a groundwater control module, a soil control module, and an auxiliary module. The groundwater and soil automatic online monitoring management platform can download the data of the detection module and view the status of the viewing module; The groundwater control module includes a groundwater detection module and a water collection and distribution module. The groundwater detection module can detect the parameters of the water quality to determine whether the water quality is polluted; The soil control module includes a soil detection module, which can perform detection operations on the collected soil samples; The auxiliary module includes a waste liquid collection module, a backflush cleaning module, a lightning protection module, a video monitoring module, and an intelligent temperature control module. The auxiliary module is connected to the water quality control module.

[0006] Preferably, both the groundwater control module and the soil control module transmit the collected data to the groundwater and soil automatic online monitoring and management platform through DTU3000.

[0007] Preferably, the groundwater control module further includes a groundwater sampling module, and the water sampling and distribution module includes a water sampling module, a pretreatment module, and a water distribution module.

[0008] Preferably, the groundwater sampling module is connected to the water sampling module, and the pretreatment module can perform preliminary treatment on the water quality to facilitate more rapid detection by the groundwater detection module.

[0009] Preferably, the groundwater detection module includes a multi-parameter online detection module and other parameter detection modules.

[0010] Preferably, the soil detection module includes a pH detection module and temperature, humidity, conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium detection modules.

[0011] Preferably, the communication modes of both the soil detection module and the water quality detection module adopt the RS-485 serial bus standard.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. An expandable in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil proposed in this application solves the problems that when the existing online monitoring equipment for groundwater and soil uses online sensors to monitor groundwater and soil, the sensors may drift or have errors in complex environments, affecting data accuracy; and in remote areas and complex terrains, unstable networks may cause data transmission interruptions. The indicators mainly observed by the groundwater detection module include pH, conductivity, temperature, total organic carbon, total hardness, sodium ion, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, permanganate index, total manganese, total iron, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen. Among them, pH, conductivity, temperature, total organic carbon, total hardness, and sodium ion are measured using a multi-parameter online water quality monitor, and sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, permanganate index, total manganese, total iron, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen are measured using their respective online analyzers. The multi-parameter online detector uses an advanced microcontroller as the control unit and an advanced electronic circuit as the expansion module, and uses a water quality sensor as the detection element, with high sensitivity, fast response speed, and stable performance. The detector is equipped with computer data software and has functions of online networking detection, data analysis, and storage. Compared with sensors, when using an online analyzer to measure data, the analyzer usually adopts ion chromatography and colorimetry, which can provide higher measurement accuracy, a wider measurement range, avoid saturation or failure problems that may occur in sensors under extreme concentrations, reduce measurement errors, and improve the reliability and credibility of data. This system can effectively remove interfering substances in the water sample through a pretreatment module and is suitable for monitoring under complex water quality conditions. In addition, modern analyzers usually come with functions of automated sampling, detection, and data processing, support remote control and configuration, reduce manual operations, and improve monitoring efficiency. During the process of soil detection, through the operation of the soil detection module, it is detected by a soil temperature, humidity, EC, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium sensor and a soil pH sensor. Among them, the soil temperature, humidity, EC, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium sensor is suitable for measuring soil temperature, humidity, soil conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which is convenient for evaluating the soil condition and has characteristics such as a wide measurement range, high accuracy, good linearity, good versatility, easy use, and long transmission distance. The soil pH sensor uses a zinc-aluminum material probe to convert the soil pH value into a digital signal through the sensor. This sensor has high accuracy, fast response, and stable output. Both sensors are suitable for most soil types, can be buried in the soil for a long time, are resistant to long-term electrolysis, corrosion, are vacuum-sealed, and are completely waterproof.

[0013] 2. An expandable in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil proposed in this application solves the problem that the groundwater and soil equipment of existing observation systems are often managed separately, resulting in asynchronous data output, increased difficulty in data analysis, and difficulty in achieving complex data analysis and modeling. Since the online analyzer and related equipment need to operate under constant temperature conditions and avoid damage to the equipment, this system protects the relevant modules through the lightning protection module and intelligent temperature control module in the auxiliary module. The lightning protection module can achieve the effect of lightning protection, and the intelligent temperature control module can provide the most suitable working temperature for each module. Through the water quality detection module and soil detection module, the monitoring data of the soil is transmitted to the groundwater online observation management platform through DTU3000 to realize the online monitoring of groundwater and soil environment, and the data is synchronously uploaded to the automatic online monitoring management platform for water and soil.

[0014] 3. For an expandable in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil proposed in this application, when installing the groundwater online observation system on-site, a monitoring instrument station house should be built, tap water facilities and underground drainage pipes should be installed, and lightning protection facilities should be installed. A power distribution box and protective ground should be connected in the station house, and air conditioners, lighting equipment, etc. should be installed. Specific installation requirements should be based on Figure 7 the basic construction drawing of the groundwater online monitoring station to complete relevant basic construction in advance to meet the following technical requirements: 1. The water intake float can change with the water level. The water intake point is located 0.4 - 1 meter deep underwater and maintains a certain distance from the surrounding deep well to ensure that the water sample meets the detection requirements.

[0015] 2. For the insulation of the pipeline, the pipeline should be wrapped with insulation material (a polyethylene insulation sleeve with a wall thickness of 20 cm) to reduce the influence of ambient temperature on the water temperature. In addition, the pipeline should be sleeved in a PVC protection pipe and buried deep underground (in non-freezing areas: between 40 cm and 70 cm underground; in freezing areas: below the frozen soil layer) for pipeline insulation and anti-freezing.

[0016] 3. Warning lights and warning signs should be installed on the float and water structures in the water to ensure the safety of the water intake system; the above-ground part of the pipeline should be buried underground or erected through a PVC protection sleeve to prevent pipeline damage: certain sealing measures should be taken for the outer sleeve of the pipeline to protect against rodent damage.

[0017] 4. The water intake system can work in a continuous or intermittent manner and can set the monitoring frequency on-site or remotely according to the monitoring requirements.

[0018] 5. The water distribution unit inside the station house is equipped with a manual water intake port to facilitate the water intake for water sample comparison experiments.

[0019] 6. The performance and usage conditions of the cable should meet the requirements of equipment power supply. In addition, the underwater part of the cable needs to be waterproof.

[0020] 7. The power supply of the on-line monitoring system is provided by the mains power system. The water quality automatic monitoring station uses a 220V single-phase AC power supply, with a frequency of 50HZ and a capacity > 5KW; the voltage drop of the power supply voltage at the main distribution box in the station house is less than 5%; the power supply circuit is stable, and the voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation comply with the relevant national and industrial regulations. The power cord introduction method complies with the relevant national standards, and the power cord inside the station house is shielded, and the through-wall pipe is embedded when passing through the wall. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural process of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the water intake and distribution process of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the water quality detection module process of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the soil detection module process of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the auxiliary module process of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the data display and communication of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the water quality detection system of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the soil detection device of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

[0024] Combined with Figures 1 - 5, An extensible in-situ online observation system for groundwater and soil, including an automatic online monitoring and management platform for groundwater and soil, a groundwater control module, a soil control module, and an auxiliary module. The automatic online monitoring and management platform for groundwater and soil can conduct online monitoring of the groundwater and soil environment; the groundwater control module includes a groundwater detection module and a water sampling and distribution module. The groundwater detection module can detect the parameters of the water quality to determine whether the groundwater is polluted; the soil control module includes a soil detection module, and the soil detection module can perform detection operations on the collected soil samples; the auxiliary module includes a waste liquid collection module, a backflush cleaning module, a lightning protection module, a video monitoring module, and an intelligent temperature control module. The auxiliary module is connected to the groundwater control module.

[0025] Both the groundwater control module and the soil control module transmit the collected data to the automatic online monitoring and management platform for groundwater and soil through DTU3000.

[0026] The groundwater control module further includes a groundwater sampling module, and the water sampling and distribution module includes a water sampling module, a pretreatment module, and a water distribution module.

[0027] The groundwater sampling module is connected to the water sampling module, and the pretreatment module can perform preliminary treatment on the water quality to facilitate more rapid detection by the water quality detection module.

[0028] The groundwater detection module includes a multi-parameter online detection module and other parameter detection modules.

[0029] The soil detection module includes a pH detection module and temperature, humidity, conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium detection modules.

[0030] The communication modes of both the soil detection module and the water quality detection module adopt the RS-485 serial bus standard.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments. Embodiment 1:

[0032] To solve the problems that when the existing in-situ online monitoring equipment for groundwater and soil uses online sensors to monitor groundwater and soil, the sensors may drift or have errors in complex environments, affecting data accuracy; in remote areas and complex terrains, unstable networks will cause data transmission interruptions; the groundwater and soil equipment are managed separately, and the data output is not synchronized, increasing the difficulty of data analysis and making it difficult to achieve complex data analysis and modeling. The following technical solutions are disclosed in this embodiment, specifically as Figures 1 - 7 shown. When installing the in-situ online observation system for groundwater, a monitoring instrument station house should be built, tap water facilities and underground drainage pipes should be installed, and lightning protection facilities should be installed. A power distribution box and a protective ground should be connected in the station house, and air conditioners, lighting equipment, etc. should be installed. The specific installation requirements should be in accordance with Figure 7Advance relevant infrastructure construction for the on-line groundwater monitoring station to meet the following technical requirements: 1. The water intake buoy can change with the water level. The water intake point is located 0.4 - 1 meter deep underwater and maintains a certain distance from the deep well perimeter to ensure that the water sample meets the detection requirements.

[0033] 2. For the insulation of the pipeline, wrap the pipeline with thermal insulation materials (a polyethylene thermal insulation sleeve with a wall thickness of 20 cm) to reduce the influence of ambient temperature on the water temperature. Additionally, place the pipeline inside a PVC protection pipe and bury it underground (in non-freezing areas: between 40 cm and 70 cm underground; in freezing areas: below the frozen soil layer) for pipeline insulation and anti-freezing.

[0034] 3. Install warning lights and warning signs on the buoy and underwater structures to ensure the safety of the water intake system; for the above-ground part, bury it underground or install it overhead through a PVC protection sleeve to prevent pipeline damage: take certain sealing measures for the outer sleeve of the pipeline to protect against rodent damage.

[0035] 4. The water intake system can operate in a continuous or intermittent manner and can set the monitoring frequency on-site or remotely according to the monitoring requirements.

[0036] 5. The water distribution unit inside the station house is equipped with a manual water intake port to facilitate water sampling for water sample comparison experiments.

[0037] 6. The performance and usage conditions of the cable meet the requirements for equipment power supply. Additionally, the underwater part of the cable needs to be waterproof.

[0038] 7. The power supply of the online monitoring system is provided by the mains power system. The water quality automatic monitoring station is powered by a 220V single-phase AC power supply with a frequency of 50HZ and a capacity > 5KW. The voltage drop of the power supply voltage at the main distribution box in the station house is less than 5%. The power supply circuit is stable, and the voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation comply with relevant national and industrial regulations. The power cord introduction method complies with relevant national standards. The power cords inside the station house are shielded, and through-wall pipes are embedded when passing through the wall. The main indicators observed by the groundwater detection module include PH, conductivity, temperature, total organic carbon, total hardness, sodium ion, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, permanganate index, total manganese, total iron, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen. Among them, PH, conductivity, temperature, total organic carbon, total hardness, and sodium ion are measured using a multi-parameter online water quality monitor, while sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, permanganate index, total manganese, total iron, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen are measured using their respective online analyzers. The multi-parameter online detector uses an advanced microcontroller as the control unit and advanced electronic circuits as the expansion module, and uses water quality sensors as the detection elements, with high sensitivity, fast response speed, and stable performance. The detector is equipped with computer data software and has functions such as online networking detection, data analysis, and storage. Compared with sensors, when using an online analyzer to measure data, the analyzer usually adopts ion chromatography and colorimetry, which can provide higher measurement accuracy, a wider measurement range, avoid saturation or failure problems that may occur in sensors under extreme concentrations, reduce measurement errors, and improve the reliability and credibility of data. This system can effectively remove interfering substances in the water sample through the pretreatment module and is suitable for monitoring under complex water quality conditions. In addition, modern analyzers are usually equipped with functions such as automatic sampling, detection, and data processing, support remote control and configuration, reduce manual operations, and improve monitoring efficiency. During the soil detection process, through the operation of the soil detection module, the soil temperature, humidity, EC, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium sensor and the soil PH sensor are used for detection. Among them, the soil temperature, humidity, EC, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium sensor is suitable for measuring soil temperature, humidity, soil conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, facilitating the evaluation of soil conditions, and having characteristics such as a wide measurement range, high accuracy, good linearity, good versatility, easy use, and long transmission distance. The soil PH sensor uses a zinc-aluminum material probe to convert the soil PH value into a digital signal through the sensor. This sensor has high accuracy, fast response, and stable output. Both sensors are suitable for most soil types, can be buried in the soil for a long time, are resistant to long-term electrolysis and corrosion, are vacuum-sealed, and are completely waterproof.

[0039] At the same time, to solve the problem that the groundwater and soil equipment of existing observation systems are often managed separately, which is prone to asynchronous data output, increasing the difficulty of data analysis and making it difficult to achieve complex data analysis and modeling, this embodiment also discloses the following solutions: Since the on-line analyzer and related equipment need to operate under constant temperature conditions and avoid damage to the equipment, this system protects the relevant modules through the lightning protection module and the intelligent temperature control module in the auxiliary module. Among them, the lightning protection module can achieve the effect of lightning protection, and the intelligent temperature control module can provide the most suitable working temperature for each module. Through the underground water quality detection module and the soil detection module, the monitoring data of groundwater and soil are transmitted to the automatic on-line observation and management platform for water and soil through the DTU3000. Also, through the Internet of Things technology, managers can monitor the operation status and data through the video monitoring module in the auxiliary module, reducing the on-site maintenance frequency. The backflush cleaning module can reduce sensor drift and contamination, ensuring the stability of long-term operation, realizing the on-line monitoring of the groundwater and soil environment, and uploading the data synchronously to the automatic on-line monitoring and management platform for groundwater and soil. Embodiment 2:

[0040] Combined with Figure 8 , the soil on-line monitoring system mainly consists of three parts: sensors, poles and square boxes. The sensors inserted into the soil monitor the soil parameters in real time. The sensors transmit the data to the square box on the pole through cables. The data collector in the square box processes the data, and the communication module uploads the data to the cloud or the computer terminal. Finally, the real-time data can be viewed through the computer terminal or the mobile phone APP, and data analysis can be carried out.

[0041] The sensors are usually directly inserted into the soil. By directly contacting the soil, it can ensure accurate measurement of the physical and chemical properties of the soil. By using a pH sensor, the acidity and alkalinity of the soil are measured; by using a temperature, humidity, conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor, the temperature, humidity, nutrients and salt content of the soil are measured. The installation depth can be installed at different depths (such as the surface layer, middle layer, deep layer) according to the monitoring requirements to obtain more comprehensive soil data.

[0042] The pole and the square box standing on the ground are the peripheral components of the soil online monitoring device. The main functions of the pole include: supporting the sensor, the pole is used to fix and support the sensor to ensure that the sensor can be stably inserted into the soil; adjusting the height, the pole can usually adjust the height to adapt to different terrains and monitoring requirements; protecting the sensor, the pole can centrally manage the cables of the sensor, avoid the cables being exposed outside, and reduce the risk of damage. The square box is usually installed at the top or middle of the pole and contains the following components inside: a data collector, which is responsible for receiving and storing the data collected by the sensor and performing preliminary processing on the data (such as filtering, calibration); a communication module, which transmits the data to the cloud or computer terminal through wireless communication technologies such as 4G, LoRa, RS485, etc.; supports remote control and configuration of the device; is built-in with a battery or connected to a solar panel to provide power for the device, manage power distribution, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the device; usually has a waterproof, dustproof, and corrosion-proof design to protect the internal electronic components from the influence of the environment. Example 3:

[0043] The data parameters of the groundwater online monitoring system are as follows: 1. Sulfate: Measurement method: Barium sulfate spectrophotometry. The water-soluble sulfate in the water sample reacts with barium ions to form barium sulfate precipitate. The turbidity is proportional to the sulfate content in the water sample. After detecting its absorbance through the corresponding light source, the concentration value of sulfate in the water sample is calculated through software. Measurement range: (0~250)mg / L, (50~500)mg / L, (100~1000)mg / L; Resolution: 0.001; Zero drift: ±5%FS; Span drift: ±10.0%FS; Indicated error: ±10.0%; Repeatability: <5.0%; Measurement period: <60min.

[0044] 2. Total nitrogen: The measurement method is potassium persulfate digestion spectrophotometric detection; Measurement range: 0 - 500mg / L (switchable); Detection limit: 0.01mg / L; Resolution: 0.001; Accuracy: ±5% or ±0.1mg (take the larger value of the two); Repeatability: ±5%; Zero drift: ±5%; Span drift: ±10%; Measurement period: The minimum measurement period is 20 minutes, and the digestion time can be set from 5 to 60 minutes.

[0045] 3. Ammonia nitrogen: The measurement method is the salicylic acid spectrophotometric colorimetric method. After the water sample is mixed with the masking agent, the ammonia nitrogen existing in the form of free ammonia or ammonium ions reacts with salicylate ions and hypochlorite ions in an alkaline environment and in the presence of a sensitizer to form a colored complex. The analyzer detects the change in this color and converts this change into the ammonia nitrogen value for output. The amount of the formed colored complex is equivalent to the content of ammonia nitrogen. This method is applicable to wastewater with ammonia nitrogen in the range of 0 - 300 mg / L. Excessive calcium and magnesium ions, residual chlorine or turbidity, etc. may interfere with the measurement; Measurement range: 0 - 500 mg / L (switchable); Detection limit: 0.01 mg / L; Resolution: 0.001; Accuracy: ±5% or ±0.02 mg / L (take the larger value of the two); Repeatability: 2%; Zero drift: ±0.02 mg / L; Span drift: ±1%; Measurement cycle: The minimum measurement cycle is 20 minutes, and the digestion time can be set from 5 - 60 minutes.

[0046] 4. Permanganate index: The measurement method is the acid potassium permanganate oxidation and reductant reduction spectrophotometric method; Measurement range: (0~5) mg / L, (0~20) mg / L (range can be extended); Detection limit: 0.01 mg / L Resolution: 0.001; Indication error: ±10.0%; Repeatability: <5.0%; Zero drift: ±5%; Span drift: ±5%; Measurement cycle: <60 min.

[0047] 5. Total iron: The measurement method is the o-phenanthroline spectrophotometric method; Measurement range: (0~2) mg / L, (0~20) mg / L (range can be extended); Detection limit: 0.1 mg / L; Resolution: 0.001; Indication error: ±10.0%; Repeatability: <5.0%; Zero drift: ±5%; Span drift: ±10%; Measurement cycle: <60 min.

[0048] 6. Total manganese: The measurement method is the potassium periodate spectrophotometric method; Measurement range: (0~2) mg / L, (0~15) mg / L (range can be extended); Detection limit: 0.1 mg / L; Resolution: 0.001; Repeatability: ±5%; Zero drift: ±5 mg; Span drift: ±5.0%; Measurement cycle: <60 min.

[0049] 7. Nitrite nitrogen: The measurement method is the N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine spectrophotometric method; Measurement range: (0~2)mg / L, (0~10)mg / L (range can be extended); Resolution: 0.001; Zero drift: ±5%FS; Span drift: ±10.0%FS; Indicated error: ±10.0%; Repeatability: <5.0%; Measurement period: ≤60min.

[0050] 8. Nitrate nitrogen: The measurement method is resorcinol spectrophotometry; Measurement range: (0~20)mg / L, (0~40)mg / L, (0-200)mg / L (range can be extended); Resolution: 0.001; Zero drift: ±5%FS; Span drift: ±10.0%FS; Indicated error: ±10.0%; Repeatability: <5.0%; Measurement period: <60min.

[0051] 9. Multi-parameter on-line analyzer (PH, T, conductivity, TOC, total hardness, sodium ion): Measurement period: <30s; a. PH / T: Measurement range: 0-14PH / 0-60℃; Resolution: 0.01PH, 0.1℃; Accuracy: ±0.02PH, ±0.3℃.

[0052] b. Conductivity: Measurement range: 0~200.00μS / cm, 0~2000μS / cm, 0~20.00 mS / cm, 0~50.00mS / cm; Resolution: 0.14μS / cm, 1μS / cm, 0.01mS / cm; Accuracy: 2.0%(FS).

[0053] c. TOC: Measurement range: 0-100mg / L; Resolution: 0.1mg / L; Accuracy: 7.0%(FS).

[0054] d. Total hardness: Measurement range: 0-9999mg / L; Resolution: 0.1mg / L; Accuracy: 2.0%(FS).

[0055] e. Sodium ion: Measurement range: 0.1~23000PPM; Resolution: 0.1PPM; Accuracy: 2.0%(FS).

[0056] The data parameters of the soil on-line monitoring system are as follows: The specific parameter information of the soil temperature, humidity, conductivity, PH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium measured by this device is as follows: Power supply voltage: 12-24VDC; Adaptable pressure: atmospheric pressure ±10%; Response time: ≤60s; Operating temperature: -20~80°C; Operating humidity: 15%RH~90%RH (relative humidity), non-condensing; Sealing material: black flame-retardant epoxy resin; Protection grade: IP68 for soil sensor.

[0057] 1. Temperature: Measurement range: -20~80°C; Resolution: 0.1°C; Measurement accuracy: ±0.5°C.

[0058] 2. Humidity: Measurement range: 0~100% (non-condensing); Resolution: 0.1% (when measuring frozen ice soil layer, the moisture value will be on the low side and inaccurate); Measurement accuracy: ±0.3% (when measuring frozen ice soil layer, the moisture value will be on the low side and inaccurate).

[0059] 3. Conductivity: Measurement range: 0 - 2000 us / cm; Resolution: 1 us / cm.

[0060] 4. PH: Measurement range: 3~10; Resolution: 0.01; Measurement accuracy: ±0.2.

[0061] 5. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: Measurement range: 0 - 1999 mg / kg; Resolution: 1 mg / kg; Measurement accuracy: ±2%FS.

[0062] It should be noted that the above electrical components are equipped with a power supply, and its control method is the prior art. To avoid cumbersome description, it is uniformly described here; and this application is mainly used to protect mechanical equipment, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail in the text. In this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0063] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system, including a groundwater and soil automatic online monitoring management platform, a groundwater control module, a soil control module and an auxiliary module, characterized in that: The automatic online monitoring and management platform for groundwater and soil can check the status of the detection module and the detection data; The groundwater control module includes a groundwater detection module and a water collection and distribution module. The groundwater detection module can detect water quality parameters to determine whether the water quality is polluted; The soil control module includes a soil detection module, and the soil detection module can perform detection operations on the collected soil samples; The auxiliary module includes a waste liquid collection module, a backwash cleaning module, a lightning protection module, a video monitoring module and an intelligent temperature control module, and the auxiliary module is connected to the groundwater control module.

2. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality control module and the soil control module both transmit the collected data to the groundwater and soil automatic online monitoring management platform through DTU3000.

3. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The groundwater control module also includes a groundwater sampling module, and the water collection and distribution module includes a water collection module, a pretreatment module and a water distribution module.

4. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The groundwater sampling module is connected to the water sampling module, and the pre-processing module can perform preliminary processing on the groundwater so that the groundwater detection module can perform detection more quickly.

5. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The groundwater detection module includes a multi-parameter online detection module and other parameter detection modules.

6. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil detection module includes a pH, temperature, humidity, conductivity detection module and a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium detection module.

7. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The communication modes of the soil detection module and the groundwater detection module both adopt the RS-485 serial bus standard.

8. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measurement method of the groundwater detection module is as follows: sulfate is measured by barium sulfate spectrophotometry. Water-soluble sulfate in the water sample reacts with barium ions to generate barium sulfate precipitates. The degree of turbidity is proportional to the sulfate content in the water sample. The absorbance is detected by the corresponding light source and then the concentration of sulfate in the water sample is calculated by software. The total nitrogen is measured by potassium persulfate digestion spectrophotometry. The ammonia nitrogen is measured by salicylic acid spectrophotometry. After the water sample and the masking agent are mixed, the ammonia nitrogen in the form of free ammonia or ammonium ions is detected in an alkaline environment and in the presence of a sensitizer. Under normal circumstances, it reacts with salicylate ions and hypochlorite ions to form a colored complex. The analyzer detects the change in color and converts this change into an ammonia nitrogen value for output; the amount of colored complex generated is equivalent to the ammonia nitrogen content; the measurement method of permanganate is acid potassium permanganate redox agent reduction spectrophotometry; the measurement method of total iron is o-phenanthroline spectrophotometry; the measurement method of total manganese is potassium periodate spectrophotometry; the measurement method of nitrite nitrogen is N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine spectrophotometry; the measurement method of nitrate nitrogen is resorcinol spectrophotometry.

9. The expandable groundwater and soil in-situ online observation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific parameters of the soil detection module are: power supply voltage: 12-24VDC; adaptive pressure: atmospheric pressure ±10%; response time: ≤60s; working temperature: -20~80℃; working humidity: 15%RH~90%RH (relative humidity), non-condensing; sealing material: black flame-retardant epoxy resin; protection level: soil sensor protection level IP68.

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