Multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop seeding, in particular to a multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder which comprises a rack, a liquid storage tank is mounted on one side of the top of the rack, two mounting boxes are fixedly connected to the outer side of the liquid storage tank, and motors are fixedly mounted outside the mounting boxes. The output end of the motor penetrates through the outer side of the mounting box and is fixedly connected with a fixed disc, a limiting block is fixedly connected to the external eccentric position of the fixed disc, a movable frame is slidably connected to the outer side of the fixed disc, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable frame; seed feeding is accurately controlled through a pneumatic precision seeding technology, uniform seeding and accurate fertilization are realized by matching with the design of the planting box with a quantitative fertilization function and adjustable row spacing, the multi-crop adaptability is improved, and the equipment cost, fertilizer waste and environmental pollution are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop seeding, and specifically relates to a multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder. Background Art

[0002] In the development process of agricultural seeding machinery, both traditional seeders and pneumatic precision seeders have significant limitations in applicability. Due to the structural design of traditional seeders only targeting the seed characteristics (size, shape, seeding requirements) of a single crop (such as wheat, corn, etc.), farmers need to purchase multiple dedicated devices when planting multiple crops, which not only greatly increases the procurement cost and storage space occupation, but also is difficult to meet the diverse planting needs.

[0003] Although pneumatic precision seeders can achieve precise control of seed delivery volume and spacing by virtue of pneumatic technology, effectively improving the germination rate and reducing seed waste, their optimized design is still limited to a single crop - the differences in seed characteristics of different crops (such as the close planting requirement of soybeans and the large row spacing requirement of corn) result in a fixed seeding row spacing, and it is impossible to flexibly adjust to adapt to multi-crop planting, and the bottleneck of equipment versatility is prominent;

[0004] In terms of the coordinated operation of seeding and fertilizing, most seeding equipment fails to achieve synchronous and precise regulation of fertilizing and seeding. The fertilizing link is often independent of the seeding process, or only can perform extensive fertilizing. This separated operation mode not only increases the labor intensity of farmers, but also leads to low fertilizer utilization rate because the fertilizing amount cannot be dynamically adjusted according to crop varieties, growth stages and soil conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder to solve the problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder, including a frame, on one side of the top of the frame, a liquid storage tank is installed, two mounting boxes are fixedly connected to the outside of the liquid storage tank, a motor is fixedly installed outside the mounting box, the output end of the motor penetrates the outside of the mounting box and is fixedly connected to a fixed disk, and a limiting block is fixedly connected to an eccentric position outside the fixed disk;

[0007] The outside of the fixed disk is slidably connected to a movable frame, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable frame, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a rubber piston, and a cover is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the mounting box;

[0008] The inside of the cover is connected to a movable block through a plurality of compression springs, two through grooves are opened at the bottom of the cover, a transportation pipe is communicated with the bottom of the mounting box, and a plurality of planting boxes are installed outside the frame through an adjustment component.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjusting assembly includes two mounting plates fixedly connected to the outside of the frame. A motor is installed on the outside of the mounting plate. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a gear. Two limiting plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate. A rack plate is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting plate. Two connecting bars are fixedly connected to the outside of the rack plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the two rack plates are meshed with the gear, and the end of the connecting bar is fixedly connected to the outside of the planting box.

[0011] Furthermore, a blower is installed on the outside of the frame. The output end of the blower is fixedly connected to a plurality of air ducts. The bottom of the planting box is detachably connected to a planting tray. An installation disc is installed on the outside of the planting tray. One ends of the plurality of air ducts are respectively communicated with the outside of the installation disc at the corresponding positions.

[0012] Furthermore, an activity groove is formed inside the movable frame. The limiting block is movably connected to the inside of the activity groove. A liquid spraying pipe is installed at one end of the conveying pipe. Spraying nozzles are arranged on the outside of the liquid spraying pipe. A control valve is installed on the outside of the conveying pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the rubber piston is square, and the outside of the rubber piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation box.

[0014] Furthermore, a pump body is installed on the outside of the liquid storage tank. The output end of the pump body is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe. One end of the second connecting pipe is connected to a shunt pipe through a tee pipe. The input end of the pump body is fixedly connected to a first connecting pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with the outside of the liquid storage tank. One ends of the two shunt pipes are respectively communicated with the inside of the housing at the corresponding positions.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The synergistic effect of precise sowing and intelligent fertilization. The present invention adopts pneumatic precision sowing technology, which can accurately control the number and spacing of seed placement according to the characteristics of different crop seeds, such as size and weight, to achieve uniform sowing, effectively improving the seed germination rate and the uniformity of seedlings. The supporting quantitative fertilization function can dynamically adjust the fertilization amount according to the growth requirements of crops, and accurately apply fertilizers around the seeds through mechanical linkage, enabling the seedlings to obtain sufficient nutrients at the germination stage, significantly improving the fertilizer utilization rate, and reducing resource waste and environmental pollution problems caused by excessive fertilization.

[0018] 2. Design for improving multi-crop adaptability and equipment versatility. The planting box is connected to the horizontal row spacing adjustment mechanism through movable connecting strips, and the sowing row spacing can be flexibly adjusted according to the planting density requirements of different crops such as corn, soybeans, and cotton. This structural design breaks through the limitation of the fixed row spacing of traditional seeders, enabling one device to meet the sowing needs of multiple crops. There is no need to purchase multiple special devices, significantly reducing the equipment purchase cost and storage space occupation in agricultural production. Through the precise control of the mechanical transmission system, the stability and reliability of the row spacing adjustment process are ensured, effectively solving the industry pain point of poor equipment versatility and enhancing the applicability of the seeder in diverse planting scenarios. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0020] Figure 1 Is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 Is a schematic diagram of the liquid storage tank structure in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 Is a schematic diagram of the limiting plate structure in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate structure in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Is a schematic diagram of the air duct structure in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Is a schematic diagram of the planting box structure in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Is a sectional view of the mounting box in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Is a sectional view of the housing in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Is a schematic diagram of the transport pipe structure in the present invention.

[0029] Reference Numerals: 1, frame; 2, liquid storage tank; 301, pump body; 302, connecting pipe 1; 303, connecting pipe 2; 304, shunt pipe; 401, mounting box; 402, housing; 403, transport pipe; 404, rubber piston; 405, fixed disk; 406, limiting block; 407, connecting rod; 408, movable block; 409, through groove; 501, planting box; 502, mounting disk; 503, blower; 504, planting disk; 505, air duct; 601, mounting plate; 602, connecting strip; 603, rack plate; 604, limiting plate; 605, gear. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1-9 shown, a multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder includes a frame 1. On one side of the top of the frame 1, a liquid storage tank 2 is installed. The liquid storage tank 2 is used to store nutrient solution. Two mounting boxes 401 are fixedly connected to the outside of the liquid storage tank 2. A cavity is formed inside the mounting box 401 to accommodate the nutrient solution and serve as a place for the rubber piston 404 to move, providing a sealed space for the fertilization process;

[0032] A motor is fixedly installed outside the mounting box 401. The output end of the motor penetrates the outside of the mounting box 401 and is fixedly connected to a fixed disk 405. An end block 406 is fixedly connected to the eccentric position outside the fixed disk 405. A movable frame is slidably connected to the outside of the fixed disk 405;

[0033] A connecting rod 407 is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable frame. One end of the connecting rod 407 is fixedly connected to a rubber piston 404. A cover 402 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the mounting box 401. An active block 408 is connected inside the cover 402 through a plurality of compression springs. Two through slots 409 are opened at the bottom of the cover 402. A transport pipe 403 is communicated with the bottom of the mounting box 401;

[0034] A plurality of planting boxes 501 are installed outside the frame 1 through an adjustment assembly. A blower 503 is installed outside the frame 1. The output end of the blower 503 is fixedly connected to a plurality of air ducts 505. The bottom of the planting box 501 is detachably connected to a planting tray 504. An installation disk 502 is installed outside the planting tray 504. One end of each of the plurality of air ducts 505 is communicated with the outside of the installation disk 502 at the corresponding position;

[0035] The planting box 501 is used to store seeds to be sown. Its bottom is detachably connected to the planting tray 504 for easy replenishment and replacement of seeds. The installation disk 502 is used to evenly distribute the air flow conveyed by the air ducts 505 into the planting tray 504 to ensure that the air flow can effectively carry out the seeds and sow them evenly.

[0036] Embodiment 2: An activity groove is provided inside the activity frame. The limit block 406 is movably connected inside the activity groove. A liquid spraying pipe is installed at one end of the transportation pipe 403. Sprayers are arranged on the outer side of the liquid spraying pipe. A control valve is installed outside the transportation pipe 403. The longitudinal section of the rubber piston 404 is square. The outer side of the rubber piston 404 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation box 401 to ensure the sealing performance during the movement process and ensure that the nutrient solution can be accurately and smoothly transported.

[0037] The activity frame is connected to the limit block 406, and an activity groove is provided inside it, enabling the limit block 406 to move within the groove. The rubber piston 404 makes a reciprocating motion inside the installation box 401 under the action of the connecting rod 407 to change the volume of the cavity inside the installation box 401, realizing the extraction and fertilization of the nutrient solution.

[0038] The through groove 409 is used for the inflow of the nutrient solution and the movement of the movable block 408, providing an elastic support and movement space for the movable block 408. Under the action of the compression spring, the movable block 408 can move inside the housing 402. When the nutrient solution pressure changes, its position changes, thereby controlling the flow of the nutrient solution.

[0039] The adjusting assembly includes two mounting plates 601 fixedly connected to the outer side of the frame 1. A motor is installed on the outer side of the mounting plate 601. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a gear 605. Two limit plates 604 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 601. A rack plate 603 is slidably connected to the inner side of the limit plates 604. Two connecting strips 602 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the rack plate 603. The outer sides of the two rack plates 603 are meshed with the outer side of the gear 605. The end of the connecting strip 602 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the planting box 501.

[0040] A pump body 301 is installed on the outer side of the liquid storage tank 2. The output end of the pump body 301 is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe 303. One end of the second connecting pipe 303 is connected to a shunt pipe 304 through a three-way pipe. The input end of the pump body 301 is fixedly connected to a first connecting pipe 302. One end of the first connecting pipe 302 is communicated with the outer side of the liquid storage tank 2. One ends of the two shunt pipes 304 are respectively communicated with the inner sides of the corresponding housings 402.

[0041] Combining Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0042] The core operation of pneumatic precision seeding: First, the seeds and fertilizers are respectively loaded into the corresponding planting box 501 and liquid storage tank 2. The seeds enter the inside of the planting tray 504. When the seeding machine starts to work, the blower 503 is started, and the air pressure and flow rate generated by it are adjustable to adapt to the conveying requirements of different seeds. The generated air flow is conveyed through the air duct 505 to the mounting plate 502. The air flow in the mounting plate 502 takes out the seeds in the planting tray 504 and evenly sows them into the soil through the openings at the bottom of the planting tray 504, realizing pneumatic precision seeding;

[0043] The linked conveyance of nutrient solution synchronous fertilization: During the seeding process, the nutrient solution inside the liquid storage tank 2 is pumped into the inside of the connecting pipe 303 through the connecting pipe 302 by starting the pump body 301, and enters the inside of the shunt pipe 304 through the shunt pipe 304. After that, the nutrient solution enters the cavity inside the mounting box 401 through the through groove 409 on the left side. Open the control valve on the outside of the conveying pipe 403. Start the motor outside the mounting box 401 to drive the fixed disk 405 to rotate. At this time, the limiting block 406 rotates eccentrically along the outside of the fixed disk 405. Since the limiting block 406 moves along the moving groove inside the movable frame, the movable frame will move left and right reciprocally along the outside of the fixed disk 405. Under the transmission of the connecting rod 407, the rubber piston 404 is driven to move along the inner wall of the mounting box 401. When the rubber piston 404 moves in the direction away from the connecting rod 407, at this time, the nutrient solution in the cavity of the mounting box 401 enters the liquid spraying pipe through the conveying pipe 403, and realizes uniform fertilization of the seeds.

[0044] Dynamic adjustment of fertilization amount: When the cavity inside the mounting box 401 is filled with nutrient solution, the nutrient solution enters the inside of the cover 402 through the through groove 409 on the right side and pushes the movable block 408 to move left. At this time, the compression spring is in a stretched state, and the movable block 408 will block the feeding port of the shunt pipe 304. At this time, the shunt pipe 304 no longer transports the nutrient solution. Since the length of the connecting rod 407 is fixed and the mounting box 401 is made of transparent material with scales on the outside, as long as the initial position of the rubber piston 404 is changed, the fertilization amount can be accurately adjusted, and the fertilizer can be evenly applied near the seeds, so that the seeds can obtain sufficient nutrient supply during the germination and seedling growth stages, improving the fertilizer utilization rate and reducing fertilizer waste and potential environmental pollution;

[0045] Adaptive adjustment of seeding row spacing: When it is necessary to change the seeding row spacing requirements at the same time, by starting the motor outside the mounting plate 601, the gear 605 is driven to rotate through the drive of this motor, and then the two rack plates 603 are driven to move relative to or towards each other along the inner wall of the limiting plate 604. Under the transmission of the connecting strip 602, the planting box 501 is driven to move in position to meet the seeding row spacing requirements of various crops, greatly improving the versatility and adaptability of the seeding machine.

[0046] Above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation manners. Obviously, according to the content of this specification, many modifications and variations can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A liquid storage tank (2) is installed on one side of the top of the frame (1); two installation boxes (401) are fixedly connected to the outside of the liquid storage tank (2); a motor is fixedly installed on the outside of the installation box (401); an output end of the motor passes through the outside of the installation box (401) and is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (405); a limit block (406) is fixedly connected to the eccentric portion of the outside of the fixed plate (405); The outer side of the fixed plate (405) is slidably connected to a movable frame, the outer side of the movable frame is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (407), one end of the connecting rod (407) is fixedly connected to a rubber piston (404), and one side of the top of the installation box (401) is fixedly connected to a cover shell (402); The interior of the cover shell (402) is connected to a movable block (408) via a plurality of compression springs, the bottom of the cover shell (402) is provided with two through slots (409), the bottom of the installation box (401) is connected to a transport pipe (403), and a plurality of planting boxes (501) are installed on the outside of the frame (1) via an adjustment assembly.

2. The multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly comprises two mounting plates (601) fixedly connected to the outside of the frame (1); a motor is mounted on the outside of the mounting plates (601); a gear (605) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor; two limit plates (604) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plates (601); a rack plate (603) is slidably connected to the inner side of the limit plates (604); and two connecting bars (602) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the rack plate (603).

3. The multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two rack plates (603) are meshedly connected with the gear (605), and the end of the connecting bar (602) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the planting box (501).

4. The multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blower (503) is installed on the outside of the frame (1); a plurality of air ducts (505) are fixedly connected to the output end of the blower (503); a planting tray (504) is detachably connected to the bottom of the planting box (501); a mounting tray (502) is installed on the outside of the planting tray (504); and one end of the plurality of air ducts (505) is respectively connected to the outside of the mounting tray (502) at corresponding positions.

5. The multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable groove is provided inside the movable frame, the limit block (406) is movably connected inside the movable groove, a liquid spraying pipe is installed at one end of the transport pipe (403), a nozzle is arranged on the outside of the liquid spraying pipe, and a control valve is installed outside the transport pipe (403).

6. The multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the rubber piston (404) is arranged to be square, and the outer side of the rubber piston (404) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the installation box (401).

7. The multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pump body (301) is installed outside the liquid storage tank (2); the output end of the pump body (301) is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe (303); one end of the second connecting pipe (303) is connected to a shunt pipe (304) via a three-way pipe; and the input end of the pump body (301) is fixedly connected to a first connecting pipe (302).

8. The multi-crop compatible pneumatic precision seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the connecting pipe (302) is connected to the outside of the liquid storage tank (2), and one end of the two branch pipes (304) is respectively connected to the inside of the cover shell (402) at the corresponding position.

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