Rammed earth landscape wall and construction technology thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a rammed earth landscape wall and a construction technology thereof, and relates to the technical field of building construction. The rammed earth landscape wall comprises an earth material and a curing agent, wherein the soil material adopts clay, silty clay or sandy silt, the content of organic matters is not greater than 5%, the particle size of the soil material is not greater than 50mm, and untreated polluted soil cannot be used as a raw material of the solidified soil; the curing agent adopts an ST soil curing agent, and after the curing agent is fully mixed with engineering soil, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil can be remarkably improved through physical and chemical reactions among the components and between the curing agent and the soil, and a cured body which meets the environmental standard and is kept stable for a long time is formed. Each construction step is described and guided in detail, the whole process of construction is covered from construction preparation to final maintenance, and the detailed process arrangement is beneficial for constructors to quickly master construction key points and reduce rework caused by misoperation, so that the overall construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and specifically to a rammed earth landscape wall and its construction technology. Background Art

[0002] As an ancient building technology, rammed earth architecture has a long history and profound cultural heritage. Rammed earth architecture is famous for its local material utilization, environmental protection, energy conservation and good thermal performance. Traditional rammed earth walls are formed by compacting natural soil layer by layer to form a solid wall structure. This method is not only economical and practical, but also can effectively utilize local resources and reduce the impact on the environment.

[0003] As a traditional architectural form, rammed earth landscape walls have a long history and profound cultural heritage. Their origin can be traced back to ancient city walls, palaces and residential buildings. Especially in the Loess Plateau region of China, rammed earth architecture has become the main architectural form of local residents due to its advantages such as local material utilization, simple construction, and good heat insulation performance. With the development of modern building technology and people's emphasis on ecological environmental protection and sustainable development, rammed earth architecture has gradually been re-recognized and widely applied. Especially in landscape design, rammed earth landscape walls have become a new landscape element due to their unique texture and natural beauty.

[0004] However, there are still some deficiencies and areas for improvement in the existing construction technology during actual construction. In traditional stabilized soil construction, the addition amounts of stabilizers, cement and water often rely on empirical estimation, lacking scientific calculation and experimental verification, resulting in inaccurate mixing ratios and affecting the strength and stability of the stabilized soil. At the same time, in the existing technology, the mixing of plain soil and stabilizer is usually not uniform enough, and there is a lack of specific standards for layered compaction, which is likely to cause insufficient compaction degree or uneven layering, affecting the overall construction quality. The traditional method lacks systematic requirements for the curing of stabilized soil, and the curing time, covering materials and watering frequency are not strictly specified, resulting in easy cracking or unqualified strength on the surface of the stabilized soil. Therefore, the technical personnel in this field have provided a rammed earth landscape wall and its construction technology to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a rammed earth landscape wall and its construction technology, which solve the problems of inaccurate material mixing ratios, rough construction technology and non-standard curing in the existing technology.

[0007] (II) Technical Solutions

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A rammed earth landscape wall, comprising: soil materials and a stabilizer;

[0009] Among them, the soil material is clay, silty clay or sandy silt, with an organic matter content not exceeding 5%, and its particle size not exceeding 50 mm. Untreated contaminated soil shall not be used as the raw material for solidified soil;

[0010] The solidifying agent uses ST soil solidifying agent. After the solidifying agent is fully mixed with the engineering soil, through the physical and chemical reactions among its own components and with the soil, it can significantly improve the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and form a solidified body that meets environmental standards and remains stable for a long time.

[0011] Preferably, the ratio test of the soil material and the solidifying agent includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Based on experience, preliminarily determine the content of the solidifying agent;

[0013] S2. According to the mass of the soil material and calculate the mass of the solidifying agent and the mass of water, determine the calculated mix ratio of the solidified soil;

[0014] S3. The mix ratio test should be carried out based on the calculated mix ratio. Through trial mixing, adjust the dosages of various materials in the calculated mix ratio until the performance of the solidified soil meets the design and construction requirements;

[0015] S4. Technical parameters of the solidified soil, the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil reaches 1.5 Mpa in 7 days and above 2 Mpa in 28 days.

[0016] A construction process for a rammed earth landscape wall includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Construction preparation. Before formal construction, organize all the construction personnel to hold a safety and technical disclosure meeting. The meeting content includes the construction process, safety precautions, quality standards and emergency plans, to ensure that all construction personnel understand the safety risks and quality requirements during the construction process, reduce the occurrence of safety accidents and improve the construction quality;

[0018] Measurement and layout. According to the design drawings, use a measuring instrument to measure and layout on site to determine the specific location and elevation of the construction area, ensure the accuracy of the construction area, and avoid construction deviations affecting the project quality;

[0019] S2. Subgrade treatment. Clean the sundries and loose soil layers in the construction area to ensure the subgrade is flat and dense, provide a stable and flat subgrade, and ensure the smooth progress of subsequent construction;

[0020] S3. Subgrade detection. Detect the subgrade, mainly detect its bearing capacity and stability, use a foundation bearing capacity detector for detection, and the subgrade bearing capacity requirement is not less than 90% of the design value;

[0021] S4. The filler is filled in layers. Calculate the mass of dry soil required according to the maximum dry density. The soil stabilizer is 0.0003 to 0.0004 of the mass of dry soil, and calculate the mass of the required stabilizer. Add the soil stabilizer to the water with the required optimum water content and stir evenly. If the humidity of the soil mixture is still insufficient during the mixing process, appropriate additional clean water can be added to the mixture. The addition amount is 0.6 to 0.8 kg of the stabilizer stock solution per cubic meter of soil and cement mixture;

[0022] S5. Mix the mixture. Mix the soil and the stabilizer in proportion and use a mixer to mix to ensure the uniformity of the mixture. Spread it evenly on the plain soil according to 8% cement content. The stabilizer is calculated according to 0.03% to 0.04% of the mass of dry soil. Spread the prepared plain soil evenly on the treated site foundation. The compaction thickness of the site is 15 cm, so the loose laying thickness of the plain soil is 20 cm. Calculate the total amount of cement, spread the cement evenly on the plain soil, dilute it with water and stir evenly. Use a road mixer to mix the plain soil and the cement until uniform, then spray the stabilizer solution and mix to the optimum water content. It is appropriate that it can be formed into a ball by hand and scattered when dropped from 1 m;

[0023] S6. Leveling and rolling. Use a bulldozer to initially level, and a grader to finely trim. Detect the paving thickness. Then use a vibratory roller to roll in layers, static pressure for 1 pass + vibratory pressure for 3 to 4 passes + final pressure for 1 pass, and the compaction degree ≥ 94%. The surface of the solidified mixture should always maintain a suitable water content. If the water evaporates quickly, a small amount of stabilizer dilution should be replenished in time. If springing, looseness or peeling occurs during the compaction process, it should be turned over and remixed in time, and appropriate amounts of water, cement and stabilizer should be added to make it meet the quality requirements. The mixed solidified material must be compacted within 6 hours;

[0024] S7. Detection and trimming. After each layer of solidified soil is compacted, detect the compaction degree on site, and manually trim the local depressions or bulges to ensure the surface is flat. After ensuring that the compaction degree, flatness and no wheel rut marks meet the construction requirements, the paving work of the next layer can be carried out;

[0025] S8. After the solidified soil mixture is compacted, a layer of stabilizer dilution must be sprayed on the surface layer, and then covered. The curing period is preferably controlled at 7 - 14 d. After compaction, the natural temperature is above 20℃. Laying a layer of non-woven fabric or felt on the surface can effectively prevent cracking caused by sun exposure. It should be ensured that water is sprinkled 4 times a day within 3 days after completion, twice in the morning and twice in the afternoon. After 3 days, it should be ensured that water is sprinkled 2 times a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, to facilitate the formation of surface water stability and strength. When the natural temperature is below 20℃, plastic film can be used for curing, and no water needs to be sprinkled during the curing period. Note: When using the plastic film covering method, the film should be closely attached to the solidified soil without gaps, and a layer of plain soil about 2 to 3 cm thick should be pressed on the film.

[0026] (III) Beneficial effects

[0027] The present invention provides a rammed earth landscape wall and its construction process. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. In the present invention, through base detection, paving thickness inspection, water content detection, and compaction degree detection, the multi-level detection mechanism can timely discover and correct problems in construction, ensure that each step meets the design requirements, and thus guarantee the final project quality.

[0029] 2. In the present invention, by describing and guiding each construction step in detail, covering the whole process of construction from construction preparation to final maintenance, this detailed process arrangement helps construction workers quickly master the key points of construction, reduce rework caused by improper operation, and thus improve the overall construction efficiency.

[0030] 3. In the present invention, through mechanized flow operations such as rough leveling, fine leveling, and rolling, compared with traditional manual paving, the efficiency is significantly improved. The processes of mixing, paving, rolling, and maintenance are closely linked, and compaction is completed within 6 hours after the curing agent is mixed to avoid hardening and invalidation of materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is the front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is the side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is the top view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is the side sectional view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is the process schematic diagram of the overall construction process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] As Figures 1-5 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a rammed earth landscape wall, including: soil material and curing agent;

[0039] Among them, the soil material is clay, silty clay or sandy silt, with the organic matter content not exceeding 5%, the particle size not exceeding 50 mm, and untreated contaminated soil shall not be used as the raw material for solidified soil;

[0040] The solidifying agent uses ST soil solidifying agent. After the solidifying agent is fully mixed with the engineering soil, through the physical and chemical reactions among its own components and with the soil, it can significantly improve the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and form a solidified body that meets environmental standards and remains stable for a long time.

[0041] The ratio test of soil material and solidifying agent includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Based on experience, initially determine the content of the solidifying agent;

[0043] S2. According to the mass of the soil material and the calculated mass of the solidifying agent and water mass, determine the calculated mix ratio of the solidified soil;

[0044] S3. The mix ratio test should be carried out based on the calculated mix ratio. Through trial mixing, adjust the dosage of various materials in the calculated mix ratio until the performance of the solidified soil meets the design and construction requirements;

[0045] S4. Technical parameters of the solidified soil, the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil reaches 1.5 Mpa in 7 days and above 2 Mpa in 28 days.

[0046] A construction process for a rammed earth landscape wall includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Construction preparation. Before formal construction, organize all construction personnel to hold a safety and technical disclosure meeting. The meeting content includes construction process, safety precautions, quality standards and emergency plans to ensure that all construction personnel understand the safety risks and quality requirements during the construction process, reduce the occurrence of safety accidents, and improve construction quality;

[0048] Measurement and layout. According to the design drawings, use a measuring instrument to measure and layout on site to determine the specific location and elevation of the construction area, ensure the accuracy of the construction area, and avoid construction deviation affecting the project quality;

[0049] S2. Subgrade treatment. Clean the sundries and loose soil layers in the construction area to ensure the subgrade is flat and dense, provide a stable and flat subgrade, and ensure the smooth progress of subsequent construction;

[0050] S3. Subgrade inspection. Inspect the subgrade, mainly detect its bearing capacity and stability, and use a foundation bearing capacity detector for inspection. The subgrade bearing capacity requirement is not lower than 90% of the design value;

[0051] S4. The filler is filled in layers. Calculate the mass of dry soil required according to the maximum dry density. The soil stabilizer is 0.0003 to 0.0004 of the mass of dry soil, and calculate the mass of the required stabilizer. Add the soil stabilizer to the water at the required optimum water content and stir evenly. If the humidity of the soil mixture is still insufficient during the mixing process, appropriate additional clear water can be added to the mixture. The addition amount is 0.6 to 0.8 kg of the stabilizer stock solution per cubic meter of soil and cement mixture.

[0052] S5. Mixing of the mixture. Mix the soil and the stabilizer in proportion and use a mixer for mixing to ensure the uniformity of the mixture. Spread it evenly on the plain soil at a cement content of 8%. The stabilizer is calculated according to 0.03% to 0.04% of the mass of dry soil. Spread the prepared plain soil evenly on the treated site foundation. The compaction thickness of the site is 15 cm, so the loose laying thickness of the plain soil is 20 cm. Calculate the total amount of cement, spread the cement evenly on the plain soil, dilute it with water and stir evenly. Use a road mixer to mix the plain soil and the cement until uniform, then spray the stabilizer solution and mix until the optimum water content is reached. It is appropriate that it can be formed into a ball by hand and scattered when dropped from 1 m.

[0053] S6. Levelling and compaction. Use a bulldozer for preliminary levelling, a grader for fine trimming, and detect the paving thickness. Then use a vibratory roller for layered compaction, with 1 static compaction pass + 3 to 4 vibratory compaction passes + 1 final compaction pass, and the compaction degree ≥ 94%. The surface of the solidified mixture should always maintain a suitable water content. If the water evaporates quickly, a small amount of stabilizer dilution should be replenished in time. If springing, looseness or peeling occurs during the compaction process, it should be turned over and remixed in time, and at the same time, an appropriate amount of water, cement and stabilizer should be added to meet the quality requirements. The mixed solidified material must be compacted within 6 hours.

[0054] S7. Detection and trimming. After each layer of solidified soil is compacted, detect the compaction degree on site and manually trim the local depressions or bulges to ensure the surface is flat. After ensuring that the compaction degree, flatness and no wheel ruts meet the construction requirements, the paving work of the next layer can be carried out.

[0055] S8. After the solidified soil mixture is compacted, a layer of stabilizer dilution must be sprayed on the surface layer, and then covered. The curing period is preferably controlled at 7 - 14 d. After compaction, the natural temperature is above 20℃. Laying a layer of non-woven fabric or felt on the surface can effectively prevent cracking caused by sun exposure. It should be ensured that water is sprinkled 4 times a day within 3 days after completion, twice in the morning and twice in the afternoon, and 2 times a day after 3 days, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, which is beneficial to the formation of surface water stability and strength. When the natural temperature is below 20℃, plastic film can be used for curing and no watering is required during the curing period. Note: When using the plastic film covering method, the film should be closely attached to the solidified soil without leaving gaps and a layer of plain soil about 2 to 3 cm thick should be pressed on the film.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rammed earth landscape wall, characterized in that: include: Soil materials and stabilizers; The soil material shall be clay, silty clay or sandy silt, with an organic matter content of no more than 5% and a particle size of no more than 50 mm. Untreated contaminated soil shall not be used as the raw material for solidified soil; The solidifying agent used is ST soil solidifying agent. After the solidifying agent is fully mixed with the engineering soil, the physical and chemical reactions between its own components and between it and the soil can significantly improve the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, and form a solidified body that meets environmental standards and remains stable for a long time.

2. The rammed earth landscape wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil material and curing agent ratio test comprises the following steps: S1. Preliminarily determine the content of curing agent based on experience; S2. Determine the calculated mix ratio of the solidified soil based on the mass of the soil material and the mass of the curing agent and water; S3. The mix ratio test should be carried out on the basis of the calculated mix ratio. The amount of various materials in the calculated mix ratio should be adjusted through trial mixing until the performance of the solidified soil meets the design and construction requirements; S4. Technical parameters of solidified soil: the unconfined compressive strength of solidified soil reaches 1.5Mpa after 7 days and reaches more than 2Mpa after 28 days.

3. A construction process for a rammed earth landscape wall, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Construction preparation: Before the formal construction, organize all personnel involved in the construction to hold a safety and technical briefing meeting. The content of the meeting includes construction process, safety precautions, quality standards and emergency plans to ensure that all construction personnel understand the safety risks and quality requirements during the construction process, reduce the occurrence of safety accidents, and improve construction quality; Measurement and layout: According to the design drawings, use measuring instruments to measure and layout on site to determine the specific location and elevation of the construction area, ensure the accuracy of the construction area, and avoid construction deviations that affect the quality of the project; S2. Base treatment: clean up the debris and loose soil in the construction area, ensure the base is flat and compact, and provide a stable and flat base to ensure the smooth progress of subsequent construction; S3. Base testing: testing the base, mainly testing its bearing capacity and stability, using a foundation bearing capacity tester, the base bearing capacity is required to be no less than 90% of the design value; S4. Fill the filler in layers. Calculate the required dry soil mass according to the maximum dry density. The soil solidifier is 0.0003 to 0.0004 of the dry soil mass. Calculate the required mass of the solidifier. Add the soil solidifier to the water with the required optimum moisture content and stir evenly. If the moisture of the soil mixture is still insufficient during the mixing process, add clean water to the mixture appropriately. The addition amount is 0.6 to 0.8 kg of the solidifier stock solution per cubic meter of soil and cement mixture. S5. Mix the mixture. Mix the soil and the curing agent in proportion. Use a mixer to mix to ensure the uniformity of the mixture. Spread it evenly on the soil at a cement content of 8%. The curing agent is calculated at 0.03% to 0.04% of the dry soil mass. Spread the prepared soil evenly on the treated site. If the compacted thickness of the site is 15cm, the virtual thickness of the soil is 20cm. Calculate the total amount of cement, spread the cement evenly on the soil, dilute with water and stir evenly. Use a road mixer to mix the soil and cement until uniform, then spray the curing agent solution, mix to the optimal moisture content, hold it in a ball, and scatter it 1m below the ground. S6. Leveling and rolling: Use a bulldozer for preliminary leveling, a grader for fine finishing, test the paving thickness, and then use a vibratory roller for layered rolling, 1 static pressing + 3 to 4 vibration pressing + 1 final pressing, with a compaction degree of ≥ 94%. The surface of the solidified mixture should always maintain a suitable moisture content. If the moisture evaporates quickly, a small amount of curing agent diluent should be added in time. If spring, looseness or peeling occurs during the compaction process, it should be opened and re-mixed in time, and appropriate amounts of water, cement and curing agent should be added to meet the quality requirements. The mixed solidified material must be compacted within 6 hours; S7. Inspection and finishing: After each layer of solidified soil is compacted, the compaction degree is inspected on site, and local depressions or bulges are manually trimmed to ensure that the surface is flat. Only after the compaction degree, flatness and absence of wheel marks meet the construction requirements can the next layer of paving be carried out; S8. After the solidifying soil composite is compacted, the surface must be sprayed with a layer of curing agent dilution liquid and then covered. The curing period should be controlled at 7-14 days. The natural temperature after compaction is above 20℃. A layer of non-woven fabric or felt cloth is laid on the surface to effectively prevent cracking caused by sun exposure. Watering should be ensured 4 times a day within 3 days after completion, twice in the morning and afternoon. After 3 days, watering should be ensured twice a day, once in the morning and afternoon, to facilitate the formation of surface water stability and strength. The natural temperature is below 20℃. Plastic film can be used for curing. No watering is required during the curing period. Note: The film covering should make the film close to the solidifying soil, no gap should be left, and a layer of plain soil about 2 to 3 cm thick should be pressed on the film.

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