Underground complex low-carbon design and intelligent construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an underground complex low-carbon design and intelligent construction method, which comprises the following steps of: optimizing building material selection, a structure scheme and a construction process in combination with a life cycle assessment (LCA) method in a design stage, and reducing carbon emission in the design stage; environment data, material use data and equipment operation state data in the construction stage are collected through a sensor network and a monitoring system; a dynamic carbon emission quantitative model is constructed based on the carbon emission factor library, and the carbon emission level in the construction process is quantified in real time; generating a low-carbon construction strategy by utilizing an optimization algorithm, and globally optimizing a construction process, equipment scheduling and a material transportation path; and operation parameters of construction equipment, a material use plan and a construction process flow are dynamically adjusted in combination with an optimization strategy, and intelligent regulation and control of the construction process are ensured. Through combination of low-carbon design and intelligent construction, the carbon emission level of the whole life cycle of the underground complex is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of infrastructure carbon emissions, and particularly relates to a low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for underground complexes. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing severity of global climate change problems, carbon emission control in the construction industry, especially in underground complexes, has become an important research direction in the fields of low-carbon development and green buildings. As one of the core infrastructure for urbanization development, the carbon emissions during the whole life cycle of underground complexes mainly come from the selection of high-carbon materials in the design stage, a large amount of energy consumption in the construction stage, and long-term energy use in the operation and maintenance stage. Among them, unreasonable design schemes, energy consumption waste during the construction process, and insufficient management optimization all significantly increase the total carbon emissions of underground complexes.

[0003] Traditional building design and construction management methods are mostly based on static evaluations and do not fully consider the carbon emission characteristics of each link in the whole life cycle. For example, when selecting building materials, only the cost and strength are usually concerned, ignoring the impact on carbon emissions during the production, transportation, and waste treatment processes of the materials. In addition, the scheduling and operation of equipment during the construction process lack intelligent means, resulting in overuse of high-energy-consuming equipment and energy waste. At the same time, the planning of material transportation routes lacks refined management, and repeated transportation and unnecessary operations further increase the construction energy consumption.

[0004] In recent years, the rapid development of life cycle assessment (LCA) technology and intelligent construction technology has provided new ideas for carbon emission control in underground complexes. By combining the concept of low-carbon design and intelligent construction management technology, material selection and structural design can be optimized in the design stage to reduce carbon emissions from the source; at the same time, during the construction stage, through real-time data collection and dynamic optimization technology, the operation of construction equipment and material use can be regulated to reduce energy consumption during the construction process. However, there is still a lack of a method that can comprehensively integrate low-carbon design and intelligent construction technologies, making it difficult to fully cover the carbon emission control requirements of the whole life cycle of underground complexes.

[0005] Therefore, developing a method based on the combination of low-carbon design and intelligent construction to optimize the carbon emission management of underground complexes for the entire design and construction chain has important practical significance. By improving the low-carbon level of building schemes in the design stage and implementing refined energy consumption regulation in the construction stage, not only can the carbon emissions during the whole life cycle be effectively reduced, but also the construction efficiency can be improved, providing technical support for the development of green buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for underground complexes, which realizes the dynamic analysis and low-carbon optimization of carbon emissions during the whole life cycle of underground spaces.

[0007] A low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for an underground complex, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, formulating a design plan for the framework used to build the underground complex, including the structure, materials, and construction technology of the framework;

[0009] Step 2, collecting on-site construction data in real time during the time period t, including the material consumption during the production stage, the transportation mileage during the transportation stage, and the operation duration during the construction stage;

[0010] Step 3, obtaining the total carbon emissions during the time period t based on the dynamic carbon emission quantification model;

[0011] The dynamic carbon emission quantification model includes:

[0012] A carbon emission quantification module for the production stage, a carbon emission quantification module for the transportation stage, and a carbon emission quantification module for the construction stage, which are respectively used to receive the corresponding data in the on-site construction data;

[0013] And a calculation module, which is connected to the output ends of the carbon emission quantification module for the production stage, the carbon emission quantification module for the transportation stage, and the carbon emission quantification module for the construction stage, and includes a carbon emission factor library;

[0014] Step 4, establishing an objective function, and selecting optimization variables and constraint conditions;

[0015] Among them, the objective function is to minimize the total carbon emissions;

[0016] The optimization variables include the waiting time between processes, the transportation route during the transportation stage, and the operation frequency during the construction stage;

[0017] Step 5, executing a genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal solution.

[0018] Preferably, in Step 1, the structural form of the framework is a modular framework, and the construction technology of the framework adopts an energy-saving technology.

[0019] Preferably, the carbon emission factor library includes carbon emission factors for the production stage, carbon emission factors for the transportation stage, and carbon emission factors for construction equipment.

[0020] Preferably, the on-site construction data further includes: the amount of waste during the waste treatment stage.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes the following step: applying the optimal solution to the on-site construction management system.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. Whole-life cycle carbon emission control

[0024] The present invention combines low-carbon design optimization with intelligent construction management, covering the entire life cycle of an underground complex from design to construction, achieving comprehensive carbon emission control over building materials, construction processes, and equipment energy consumption, and enhancing the systematicness and comprehensiveness of low-carbon management.

[0025] 2. Emission reduction at the source through low-carbon design

[0026] In the design stage, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method is adopted to optimize material selection, structural design, and process plans. Priority is given to using low-carbon materials, modular design, and energy-saving construction processes to reduce carbon emissions from the source and improve the green level of the design of the underground complex.

[0027] 3. Dynamic optimization during the construction process

[0028] By collecting environmental data, material usage data, and equipment energy consumption data at the construction site in real time, a dynamic carbon emission quantification model is constructed to accurately quantify the carbon emission changes during the construction stage. Intelligent optimization algorithms are used to dynamically adjust the transportation routes during the transportation stage, the operation frequencies during the construction stage, and the waiting times between processes, realizing intelligent control and energy conservation and emission reduction during the construction process.

[0029] 4. Significantly reduce the carbon emission level

[0030] During the construction process of the present invention, by optimizing equipment operation parameters, reducing the ineffective use of high-energy-consuming equipment, and optimizing the transportation frequency and routes of materials, energy waste and repeated emissions are significantly reduced, effectively reducing the carbon emission level during the construction stage.

[0031] 5. Improve the intelligence of construction management

[0032] Combined with the sensor network and the construction management system, the equipment operation and material usage plans are dynamically adjusted, and the process execution sequence is optimized, realizing precise control and efficient management of the construction links, and greatly improving the intelligence level of the construction process of the underground complex.

[0033] 6. Scientific assessment of emission reduction effects

[0034] By comparing and analyzing the carbon emission data before and after the implementation of low-carbon design and intelligent construction, the emission reduction effects of each link are quantified, and a phased emission reduction assessment report is generated, providing a scientific basis for subsequent green building projects. Description of the drawings

[0035] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for the underground complex.

[0036] Figure 2 It is an analysis diagram of the carbon emissions of construction equipment;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a monthly carbon emission trend analysis chart;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a carbon emission comparison chart before and after optimization;

[0039] Figure 5 It is an analysis chart of the effect of optimization measures. Specific implementation manner

[0040] The low-carbon design and intelligent construction method of the underground complex of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagrams, in which the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as a broad guidance for those skilled in the art and not as a limitation to the present invention.

[0041] Such as Figures 1 to 5 , a low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for an underground complex, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1, formulate a design plan for the framework used to build the underground complex, including the structure, materials, and construction technology of the framework.

[0043] The structural form of the framework is a modular framework, and the construction technology of the framework adopts energy-saving technology.

[0044] Step 2, collect the construction site data in real time during the time period t, including the material consumption in the production stage, the transportation mileage and transportation route in the transportation stage, and the operation duration in the construction stage.

[0045] Step 3, based on the dynamic carbon emission quantification model, obtain the total carbon emission during the time period t;

[0046] The dynamic carbon emission quantification model includes:

[0047] The carbon emission quantification module in the production stage, the carbon emission quantification module in the transportation stage, and the carbon emission quantification module in the construction stage, which are respectively used to receive the corresponding data in the construction site data;

[0048] And a calculation module, which is connected to the output ends of the carbon emission quantification module in the production stage, the carbon emission quantification module in the transportation stage, and the carbon emission quantification module in the construction stage, and includes a carbon emission factor library;

[0049] The carbon emission factor library includes carbon emission factors in the production stage, carbon emission factors in the transportation stage, and carbon emission factors of construction equipment.

[0050] Step 4, establish an objective function, and select optimization variables and constraint conditions;

[0051] Among them, the objective function is to minimize the total carbon emission;

[0052]

[0053] E 总 : Total carbon emissions;

[0054] E 生产 (t): Carbon emissions during the production stage within time period t;

[0055] E 运输 (t): Carbon emissions during the transportation stage within time period t;

[0056] E 施工 (t): Carbon emissions during the construction stage within time period t.

[0057] The optimization variables include the waiting time between processes, the transportation route during the transportation stage, and the operation frequency during the construction stage.

[0058] The constraint conditions include:

[0059] 1. Waiting time constraint between processes

[0060] Range of waiting time between processes: w min ≤ w i ≤ w max where w min and w max are the minimum and maximum values of the waiting time between processes respectively.

[0061] For example: The waiting time must be within the range of 10 - 60 minutes to avoid chaos in process connection caused by too short time or waste of resources due to too long time.

[0062] 2. Transportation route constraint

[0063] Range of transportation route: where is the set of all feasible transportation routes.

[0064] The transportation route refers to the path selection of the material transportation vehicle from the supplier to the construction site. Optimizing the route can reduce the transportation mileage and fuel consumption.

[0065] For example: The route must pass through the specified transportation stations and is prohibited from passing through dangerous areas or high - emission areas.

[0066] 3. Equipment operation frequency constraint

[0067] Range of operation frequency: f min ≤ f k ≤ f max . Where f min and f max are the minimum and maximum values of the equipment operation frequency respectively.

[0068] The operating frequency refers to the equipment operating frequency during the construction stage.

[0069] For example, the equipment operating frequency is restricted between 50% - 100% to avoid inefficient operation or overload of the equipment.

[0070] Step 5: Execute the genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal solution.

[0071] Step A: First, adjust the values of the optimization variables within the constraint range and generate a new parameter array containing 3 numerical values.

[0072] Step B: Subsequently, substitute this array into Step 3 to obtain the total carbon emissions within the time period t.

[0073] Step C: After traversing all the total carbon emissions, screen out the parameter array that minimizes the objective function and use it as the optimal solution.

[0074] Among them, Step A and Step C are completed by the genetic algorithm.

[0075] Step 6: Apply the optimal solution to the construction site management system.

[0076] Taking a large underground commercial complex project as an example, the specific implementation process of the method of the present invention is described in detail to show how the combination of low - carbon design and intelligent construction realizes the precise control and dynamic optimization of carbon emissions throughout the life cycle.

[0077] The total floor area of the underground commercial complex is 20,000 square meters, and the structural form is a reinforced concrete frame structure; its functions include a shopping area, a parking area, and an equipment management area, and the designed service life is 50 years.

[0078] Step 1: Low - carbon design optimization

[0079] 1.2 Material optimization

[0080] Reinforced concrete: Use green and low - carbon concrete to reduce the traditional cement usage by 30%;

[0081] Steel: Adopt 40% recycled steel to reduce carbon emissions during the material production stage;

[0082] Waterproof material: Select a high - durability polymer waterproof coating with a usage area of 15,000 square meters to reduce the maintenance frequency.

[0083] 1.3 Structural design optimization

[0084] Adopt modular design to reduce unnecessary structures and improve space utilization rate; optimize the column spacing and floor slab thickness to reduce the concrete usage by 10%;

[0085] 1.4 Construction technology optimization

[0086] Introduce prefabricated construction technology to reduce the intensity of on-site wet work and save construction energy consumption; optimize the support system and use prestressed support to reduce steel waste.

[0087] Step 2: Real-time collection of construction data

[0088] 2.1. Collection content

[0089] Material data: Record the material transportation path, transportation mileage, usage and loss situation;

[0090] Equipment operation data: Collect the operation time, fuel consumption and power consumption of excavators, tower cranes and concrete mixing plants;

[0091] Environmental data: Monitor the temperature, humidity and wind speed of the construction area.

[0092] 2.2 Collection method

[0093] Collect data in real time through on-site sensors and monitoring equipment;

[0094] Sensors are arranged on concrete mixing plants, transportation path nodes and core equipment in the construction area;

[0095] Data is automatically uploaded to the cloud construction management system for analysis and storage;

[0096] Step 3: Based on the dynamic carbon emission quantification model, obtain the total carbon emission within the time period t;

[0097] 3.1 Carbon emission factor library

[0098] Carbon emission factors in the production stage include concrete production emission factors, recycled steel production emission factors and waterproof coating production emission factors;

[0099] Carbon emission factors in the transportation stage include: fuel consumption emission factors, road condition factors.

[0100] Carbon emission factors of construction equipment include equipment operation emission factors.

[0101] Concrete production emission factor: 0.2 tons of CO2 / cubic meter;

[0102] Recycled steel production emission factor: 1.5 tons of CO2 / ton;

[0103] Waterproof coating production emission factor: 2 tons of CO2 / ton;

[0104] Equipment operation emission factor: 2.68 kg of CO2 / liter of diesel.

[0105] 3.2 Quantification model

[0106] Production stage: Calculate the carbon emissions in the material production stage by multiplying the material usage by the carbon emission factor.

[0107] Transportation stage: Quantify the carbon emissions in the transportation link based on the material transportation mileage and vehicle fuel consumption.

[0108] The carbon emissions in the transportation stage are mainly related to the following factors:

[0109] Material transportation mileage (D): The distance from the supplier to the construction site.

[0110] Vehicle fuel consumption (F fuel ): The fuel consumption per 100 kilometers.

[0111] Material load weight (L): The weight of the material transported in a single trip.

[0112] Fuel emission factor (E fuel ): The carbon emissions per unit of fuel.

[0113] Road condition factor (R): The correction of fuel consumption for different road conditions.

[0114] Calculation formula:

[0115]

[0116] Among them:

[0117] E transport : The total carbon emissions in the transportation stage (kg CO2);

[0118] i: The i-th transportation task;

[0119] D i : The one-way distance of the i-th transportation (km);

[0120] F fuel : The vehicle fuel consumption per 100 kilometers (L / 100 km);

[0121] E fuel : The fuel emission factor (such as 2.68 kg CO2 / L for diesel);

[0122] R i : The road condition correction factor (such as 1 for flat roads and 1.2 for mountain roads).

[0123] Example: Assume the parameters for transporting a batch of reinforced concrete are as follows:

[0124] One-way distance: 50 km

[0125] Vehicle fuel consumption: 30 L / 100 km

[0126] Fuel emission factor: 2.68 kg CO2 / L

[0127] Road condition correction factor: 1.1 (slight slope road condition)

[0128] Number of transports: 3 times

[0129] Calculation:

[0130] Carbon emissions per transport:

[0131]

[0132] Total transport carbon emissions:

[0133] E transport = 44.22 × 3 = 132.66 kg CO2

[0134] Construction stage: Combine the equipment operation time and fuel consumption to quantify equipment emissions in real time; The carbon emissions in the construction stage are mainly related to the following factors:

[0135] Equipment operation time (T): The actual working duration of construction equipment.

[0136] Equipment fuel consumption rate (F device ): The fuel consumption per hour.

[0137] Fuel emission factor (E fuel. ): The carbon emissions per unit of fuel.

[0138] Equipment type factor (S): Use correction coefficients for different equipment (such as shield machines, drills). Calculation formula:

[0139]

[0140] Where:

[0141] E construction : Total carbon emissions in the construction stage (kg CO2);

[0142] i: The i-th equipment;

[0143] T i : Operation time of equipment i (hours);

[0144] F device : Fuel consumption rate of equipment i (liters / hour);

[0145] S i : Equipment type correction factor (such as 1.0 for shield machines and 1.2 for excavators).

[0146] Example: Assume the operation data of two types of equipment in a certain construction stage are as follows:

[0147] Shield machine:

[0148] Operating time: 150 hours

[0149] Fuel consumption rate: 25 liters per hour

[0150] Fuel emission factor: 2.68 kg CO2 / liter

[0151] Correction factor: 1.0

[0152] Excavator:

[0153] Operating time: 80 hours

[0154] Fuel consumption rate: 18 liters per hour

[0155] Fuel emission factor: 2.68 kg CO2 / liter

[0156] Correction factor: 1.2

[0157] Calculation:

[0158] Carbon emissions of the shield machine:

[0159] E 盾构机 = T × F device × E fuel × S = 150 × 25 × 2.68 × 1.0 = 10050 kg CO2

[0160] Carbon emissions of the excavator:

[0161] E 挖掘机 = 80 × 18 × 2.68 × 1.2 = 4633.92 kg CO2

[0162] Total construction carbon emissions:

[0163] E construction = 10050 + 4633.92 = 14683.92 kg CO2

[0164] 3.3 Results

[0165] Carbon emissions during the production stage: 1,200 tons CO2;

[0166] Carbon emissions during the transportation stage: 300 tons CO2;

[0167] Carbon emissions during the construction stage: 900 tons CO2;

[0168] Total carbon emissions: 2,400 tons CO2.

[0169] Step 4: Generation of intelligent optimization strategies

[0170] 4.1 Optimization of the transportation route during the transportation stage

[0171] Adjust the transportation route, preferentially select suppliers with shorter distances, and reduce the total transportation distance by 15%;

[0172] Increase the material loading capacity, reduce the number of transportation batches, and reduce carbon emissions in the transportation process.

[0173] 4.2 Operating frequency during the construction stage

[0174] Optimize the scheduling of high-energy-consuming equipment (such as excavators and tower cranes) to reduce standby time by 20%; replace some diesel equipment with electric equipment to reduce equipment operation emissions;

[0175] 4.3 Construction process adjustment

[0176] Optimize the operation process of prefabricated construction, reduce the waiting time between processes, and improve construction efficiency; dynamically adjust the equipment layout in the construction area, shorten the material handling distance, and reduce energy consumption.

[0177] That is, dynamically adjust the equipment operation frequency and time to reduce the ineffective operation of high-energy-consuming equipment; optimize the material transportation plan to avoid overlapping and repeating transportation routes; automatically adjust the execution sequence of construction processes to ensure the maximization of resource utilization efficiency.

[0178] Step 5: Intelligent control during the construction process

[0179] 5.1 Implement optimization strategies

[0180] Upload the optimized equipment operation plan to the construction management system, and the system dynamically adjusts the equipment operation frequency and process parameters according to on-site data; monitor the path and loading conditions of transport vehicles in real time to avoid repeated transportation;

[0181] 5.2 Control measures

[0182] Dynamically adjust the concrete pouring time according to on-site environmental conditions to reduce energy consumption; construct in phases and zones, reasonably allocate equipment usage, and reduce peak energy consumption.

[0183] Step 6: Evaluation and feedback of emission reduction effects

[0184] Table 1 Economic benefit table corresponding to optimization measures;

[0185]

[0186] 6.1 Comparison of data before and after optimization

[0187] Total carbon emissions before optimization: 2,400 tons of CO2;

[0188] Total carbon emissions after optimization: 2,040 tons of CO2;

[0189] Emission reduction amount: 360 tons of CO2, and the emission reduction rate is 15%.

[0190] 6.2 Effect of each link

[0191] Emission reduction from material usage and transportation: 45 tons of CO2;

[0192] Emission reduction from equipment operation: 240 tons of CO2;

[0193] Emission reduction from process optimization: 75 tons of CO2.

[0194] 6.3 Evaluation report

[0195] Output a detailed emission reduction evaluation report, including phased carbon emission data, optimization strategies and implementation effects, to provide reference for subsequent similar projects.

[0196] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification and other changes to the technical solution and technical content disclosed by the present invention, which are all within the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for an underground complex, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Develop a design plan for the frame used to build the underground complex, including the structure, materials and construction process of the frame; Step 2: Real-time collection of construction site data within time period t, including material usage in the production phase, transportation mileage in the transportation phase, and operation time in the construction phase; Step 3: Based on the dynamic carbon emission quantification model, obtain the total carbon emissions within time period t; The dynamic carbon emission quantification model includes: The production phase carbon emission quantification module, the transportation phase carbon emission quantification module and the construction phase carbon emission quantification module are respectively used to receive corresponding data from the construction site data; and a calculation module connected to the output ends of the production phase carbon emission quantification module, the transportation phase carbon emission quantification module and the construction phase carbon emission quantification module, which includes a carbon emission factor library; Step 4: Establish the objective function and select the optimization variables and constraints; Among them, the objective function is to minimize the total carbon emissions; The optimization variables include waiting time between processes, transportation routes during the transportation phase, and operation frequency during the construction phase; Step 5: Execute the genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal solution.

2. The low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for underground complex according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, the structural form of the frame is a modular frame, and the construction process of the frame adopts an energy-saving process.

3. The low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for underground complex according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The carbon emission factor library includes carbon emission factors for the production stage, carbon emission factors for the transportation stage, and carbon emission factors for construction equipment.

4. The low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for underground complex according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction site data also includes: the amount of waste in the waste treatment stage.

5. The low-carbon design and intelligent construction method for underground complex according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Apply the optimal solution to the construction site management system.

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