Active yawing single-point mooring floating type fan platform

Abstract

The invention provides a single-point mooring floating type fan platform capable of actively yawing, and belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power. The problem that the aerodynamic efficiency of an impeller is reduced due to the fact that a fan platform needs to bear multiple coupling effects of ocean currents and waves and the fan platform deviates from the best windward direction due to the hydrodynamic force coupling effect when an included angle is formed between the ocean current direction and the wind direction under the action of the complex ocean environment is solved. The system comprises a wind turbine generator, a mast type tower, a platform foundation, a single-point mooring device and a flow guide device, the edge of the platform foundation is connected with the single-point mooring device and can rotate by 360 degrees around the single-point mooring device. The flow guiding device is installed at the edge position of the platform foundation and arranged opposite to the single-point mooring device, the horizontal section of the flow guiding device is in a symmetrical streamline shape, and the flow guiding device is provided with a driving device which drives the flow guiding device to rotate in the horizontal direction and adjusts the acting force of ocean current on the fan platform. The power generation device is mainly used for improving the power generation efficiency of the mast type tower offshore wind turbine platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power, and in particular relates to an active yaw single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform. Background Art

[0002] As the offshore wind power industry accelerates its expansion into deep sea areas, floating wind turbines are welcoming new opportunities for large-scale development with their superior ability to adapt to water depths. Compared with the single-tower floating wind turbine structure, the mast-type tower design supports and fixes the wind turbine through multiple inclined towers, which lowers the center of gravity of the wind turbine and reduces the load on the tower base. It has the advantages of light overall weight and low construction costs. However, the wind turbine needs to be adjusted in direction according to the real-time wind direction. If the adjustment method of directly rotating the wind turbine is adopted, the blades of the wind turbine are easy to interfere with the inclined tower. Therefore, the wind turbine platform designed with a mast-type tower uses a single-point mooring system, which uses wind load to drive the entire platform to rotate around the mooring point, thereby driving the wind turbine to move and change direction.

[0003] However, under the influence of the complex marine environment, in addition to being affected by wind loads, single-point moored floating wind turbine platforms also need to withstand the multiple coupling effects of ocean currents and waves. When the ocean current direction and wind direction form an angle, the fluid dynamic coupling effect will cause the wind turbine platform to deviate from the optimal windward orientation, resulting in a decrease in the aerodynamic efficiency of the impeller. At the same time, the single-point mooring system will significantly increase the platform's freedom of movement under wave excitation. The above-mentioned wind-wave coupling will threaten the power generation efficiency and structural reliability. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that wind turbine platforms need to bear the multiple coupling effects of ocean currents and waves under the influence of complex marine environments, when the ocean current direction and the wind direction form an angle, the fluid dynamic coupling effect will cause the wind turbine platform to deviate from the optimal windward position, resulting in a decrease in the aerodynamic efficiency of the impeller. The present invention proposes an active yaw single-point moored floating wind turbine platform, the platform is provided with a guide device, when the flow load and the wind load form an angle that causes the wind turbine platform to deviate from the optimal windward position, the horizontal force of the wind turbine platform is changed by adjusting the guide device, ensuring that the wind turbine is accurately facing the wind, and improving the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an active yaw single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform, comprising a wind turbine set, a mast-type tower, a platform foundation, a single-point mooring device and a guide device;

[0006] The wind turbine unit comprises a wind turbine nacelle and wind turbine blades, and the rotation trajectory of the wind turbine blades does not interfere with the mast-type tower;

[0007] The mast-type tower comprises a plurality of support rods whose bottom ends are fixed to the platform foundation and whose top ends converge under the wind turbine group and are fixed to the wind turbine group;

[0008] The edge of the platform foundation is connected to the single point mooring device and can rotate 360° around the single point mooring device;

[0009] The single point mooring device is located on the windward side of the wind turbine;

[0010] The guiding device is installed at the edge position of the platform foundation, opposite to the single point mooring device. The horizontal cross-section of the guiding device is symmetrically streamlined. The guiding device is equipped with a driving device to drive it to rotate in the horizontal direction to adjust the acting force of the ocean current on the wind turbine platform.

[0011] Furthermore, the guiding device includes two guiding rudders with rotating shafts, and the driving device includes two servo motors, and the two servo motors are respectively connected to the rotating shafts of the two guiding rudders.

[0012] Furthermore, there are 3 support rods, and the shape of the connection line at the bottom ends of the support rods is an isosceles triangle, and the wind turbine is located on the vertical plane where the axis of symmetry of the isosceles triangle is located.

[0013] Furthermore, the platform foundation includes three columns. The columns are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the support rods one by one. The three columns are connected and fixed by cross braces and diagonal braces. The column at the top angle of the isosceles triangle is column one, and the columns at the bottom angles are column two. Column one is connected to the single point mooring device and can rotate 360° around the single point mooring device.

[0014] Furthermore, ballast water tanks are arranged inside the columns.

[0015] Furthermore, a heaving plate is installed at the bottom end of column two, and the outer wall of column two and the upper surface of the heaving plate are fixedly connected by a plurality of brackets.

[0016] Furthermore, the single point mooring device includes a mooring turntable and a mooring cable. One end of the mooring cable is connected to the mooring turntable, and the other end is connected to the subsea counterweight anchor chain.

[0017] Furthermore, the mooring cable includes multiple strands of high molecular composite cables distributed in an umbrella shape. Optical fiber sensors are built in the high molecular composite cables to monitor the tension change and wear state in real time.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the active yaw single point mooring floating wind turbine platform of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The present invention is provided with a guiding device, and the guiding device includes two guiding rudders. When there is an included angle between the flow load and the wind load, by reasonably setting the rotation angles of the two guiding rudders, the platform obtains a reverse moment to resist the flow load, adjusts the horizontal force of the wind turbine platform, ensures that the wind turbine accurately faces the wind, and improves the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0020] 2. The mast-type tower design adopted by the present invention reduces the tower base load, making the overall weight of the platform lighter and significantly reducing the construction cost.

[0021] 3. A heaving plate is installed at the bottom end of the column of the present invention, which can effectively reduce the heaving and rolling motions of the floating foundation in the waves and improve the stability of the platform. A plurality of reinforcing brackets are arranged between the heaving plate and the corresponding column to enhance the connection strength between them and prevent fatigue failure.

[0022] 4. The mooring cable of the present invention is internally provided with an optical fiber sensor, which can monitor the tension change and wear state in real time. When the mooring cable is structurally damaged, it can be detected and processed in time to ensure the safety of the platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an actively yawing single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow deflector according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a left view of an actively yawing single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a rear view of an actively yawing single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a top view of an actively yawing single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a top view of the flow guiding device of the present invention when the wind load and the flow load are in the same direction;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of adjusting the horizontal force of the platform by deflecting the flow guiding device of the present invention when the wind load and the flow load are at an angle;

[0031] In the figure: 1 - wind turbine; 2 - support rod; 3 - platform foundation; 4 - single-point mooring device; 5 - flow guiding device;

[0032] 31 - column one; 32 - column two; 33 - heaving plate; 41 - mooring turntable; 42 - mooring cable; 51 - flow deflector; 52 - first servo motor;

[0033] A - Wind load; B - Flow load. Specific implementation mode

[0034] The following will clearly and completely elaborate on the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0035] I. Specific implementation mode 1, see Figure 1-7 To illustrate this implementation mode, an active yaw single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform described in this application includes a wind turbine 1, a mast-type tower, a platform foundation 3, a single-point mooring device 4, and a flow guiding device 5;

[0036] The wind turbine 1 includes a wind turbine nacelle and wind turbine blades, and the rotation trajectory of the wind turbine blades does not interfere with the mast-type tower;

[0037] The mast-type tower includes a plurality of support rods 2 with the bottom ends fixed to the platform foundation 3 and the top ends converging below the wind turbine 1 and fixed to the wind turbine 1;

[0038] The edge of the platform foundation 3 is connected to the single-point mooring device 4 and can rotate 360° around the single-point mooring device 4 in the horizontal plane;

[0039] The single-point mooring device 4 is located on the windward side of the wind turbine 1; under the action of the wind load and in cooperation with the mooring device 4, using the weathervane effect, the wind turbine platform rotates around the mooring device 4 to achieve automatic yawing of the wind turbine to face the wind.

[0040] The flow guiding device 5 is installed at the edge position of the platform foundation 3, opposite to the single-point mooring device 4. The horizontal cross-section of the flow guiding device 5 is a symmetric streamline shape. The flow guiding device 5 is equipped with a driving device to drive it to rotate in the horizontal direction to adjust the acting force of the ocean current on the wind turbine platform. The flow guiding device 5 includes two flow guiding rudders 51 with rotating shafts, and the driving device includes two servo motors 52, and the two servo motors 52 are respectively connected to the rotating shafts of the two flow guiding rudders 51.

[0041] There are 3 support rods 2, and the shape of the connection line at the bottom ends of the support rods 2 is an isosceles triangle, and the wind turbine 1 is located on the vertical plane where the symmetry axis of the isosceles triangle is located.

[0042] The tower of the present invention is symmetrically distributed, and the overall tower adopts a triangular stable structure. Compared with a vertical cylindrical tower, this structure can greatly reduce the shear force and bending moment at the joints when subjected to wind load, improve the force distribution of the tower, and enhance the overall structural strength and fatigue performance of the tower.

[0043] The platform foundation 3 includes three columns, which are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the support rods 2 one by one. The three columns are connected and fixed by cross braces and diagonal braces. The cross braces are fixedly arranged parallel to the outer walls of the columns, and diagonal braces are arranged between the cross braces for reinforcement. The column at the apex of the isosceles triangle is column one 31, and the columns at the base angles are column two 32. The column one 31 is connected to the single point mooring device 4 and can rotate 360° in the horizontal plane around the single point mooring device 4.

[0044] The column is internally provided with a ballast water tank. By dynamically adjusting the ballast water volume, roll and heave motions can be suppressed, and the stability of the wind turbine platform can be improved.

[0045] A heave plate 33 is installed at the bottom end of the column two 32, and the outer wall of the column two 32 and the upper surface of the heave plate 33 are fixedly connected by a plurality of brackets. The setting of the heave plate can effectively reduce the heave and roll motions of the floating foundation in the waves, improve the platform stability, and a plurality of strengthening brackets are arranged between the heave plate and the corresponding column to improve the connection strength between them and prevent fatigue failure.

[0046] The single point mooring device 4 includes a mooring turntable 41 and a mooring cable 42. One end of the mooring cable 42 is connected to the mooring turntable 41, and the other end is connected to the subsea counterweight anchor chain.

[0047] The mooring cable 42 includes multiple strands of polymer composite cables distributed in an umbrella shape. The polymer composite cables are internally provided with fiber optic sensors to monitor the tension change and wear state in real time. Once damage occurs, it can be detected and processed in time to ensure the safety of the platform.

[0048] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: When the wind load direction is the same as the flow load direction, referring to the appendix Figure 6 , the wind turbine platform rotates around the single point mooring device 4 to the position where the wind turbine blades are accurately aligned with the wind. At this time, the wind turbine is in the optimal power generation position, and the guiding device is in the neutral position and parallel to the wind load direction.

[0049] When there is a certain angle between the wind load and the flow load, referring to the appendix Figure 7 , the flow load will push the wind turbine platform to rotate clockwise around the single point mooring device 4. At this time, the two guiding rudders are respectively driven to rotate by a servo motor. By reasonably setting the rotation angles of the two guiding rudders, a counterclockwise torque against the flow load can be obtained for the wind turbine platform. The two guiding rudders rotate to specific angles respectively to generate a reverse lift force to offset the offset effect of the flow load on the wind turbine platform, prevent the platform from rotating, and ensure that the wind turbine is always aligned with the wind direction under the hydrodynamic coupling effect for efficient power generation.

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and variations can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. An actively yawed single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform, characterized in that: It includes a wind turbine (1), a mast-type tower, a platform foundation (3), a single-point mooring device (4), and a flow guiding device (5); The wind turbine (1) includes a fan nacelle and fan blades, and the rotation trajectory of the fan blades does not interfere with the mast-type tower; The mast-type tower includes a plurality of support rods (2) with their bottoms fixed to the platform foundation (3) and their tops converging below the wind turbine (1) and fixed to the wind turbine (1); The edge of the platform foundation (3) is connected to the single-point mooring device (4) and can rotate 360° around the single-point mooring device (4); The single-point mooring device (4) is located on the windward side of the wind turbine (1); The flow guiding device (5) is installed at the edge position of the platform foundation (3), is arranged opposite to the single-point mooring device (4), the horizontal section of the flow guiding device (5) is symmetrically streamlined, and the flow guiding device (5) is equipped with a driving device to drive it to rotate in the horizontal direction to adjust the acting force of the ocean current on the fan platform.

2. The single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform with active yaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding device (5) includes two flow guiding rudders (51) with rotating shafts, and the driving device includes two servo motors (52), and the two servo motors (52) are respectively connected to the rotating shafts of the two flow guiding rudders (51).

3. The single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform with active yaw according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 3 support rods (2), and the shape of the connection line at the bottoms of the support rods (2) is an isosceles triangle, and the wind turbine (1) is located on the vertical plane where the axis of symmetry of the isosceles triangle is located.

4. The single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform with active yaw according to claim 3, characterized in that: The platform foundation (3) includes three columns. The columns are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the support rods (2) one by one. The three columns are connected and fixed by cross braces and diagonal braces. The column at the top angle of the isosceles triangle is column one (31), and the columns at the bottom angles are column two (32). Column one (31) is connected to the single-point mooring device (4) and can rotate 360° around the single-point mooring device (4).

5. The single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform with active yaw according to claim 4, characterized in that: The column is internally provided with a ballast water tank.

6. An active yaw single point mooring floating wind turbine platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: A heaving plate (33) is installed at the bottom of column two (32), and the outer wall of column two (32) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the heaving plate (33) through a plurality of brackets.

7. An active yaw single-point mooring floating wind turbine platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-point mooring device (4) includes a mooring turntable (41) and a mooring cable (42). One end of the mooring cable (42) is connected to the mooring turntable (41), and the other end is connected to the subsea weighted anchor chain.

8. An active yaw single point mooring floating wind turbine platform according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mooring cable (42) includes multiple strands of polymer composite cables distributed in an umbrella shape. The polymer composite cables are internally provided with optical fiber sensors to monitor the tension change and wear state in real time.

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