Side slope physical similarity model device and side slope internal crack evolution identification method

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope physical similarity model device and a slope internal crack evolution identification method, and relates to the technical field of open pit coal mine slope ecological protection, and the slope physical similarity model device comprises a similar material simulation system, a monitoring system and an artificial rainfall system. Through cooperation of the similar material simulation system, the monitoring system and the artificial rainfall system, surface water seepage field change and instability process simulation caused by slope rock-soil mass fracture evolution under different main control factors can be artificially controlled, and temperature, rainfall, stress, fracture development and other characteristic changes in the whole process can be monitored in real time; the method can deeply explore the internal relationship with slope instability, obtain the slope instability failure path, failure source and key block, determine the main control factor threshold of each stage, reveal the seepage and instability mechanism of the open pit coal mine slope under the freeze-thaw cycle, and improve the stability of the open pit coal mine slope. And a theoretical basis is provided for establishment of multi-source criteria of seasonal freeze-thaw landslide of the high and cold opencast coal mine and early-and-middle-stage early warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological protection for open-pit coal mine slopes, and particularly relates to a physical similarity model device for slopes and a method for identifying the evolution of internal cracks in slopes. Background Art

[0002] An open-pit coal mine refers to a coal seam deposited on the surface or in the shallow layer due to geographical changes, and the coal mine is directly excavated open-pit; when the coal seam is close to the surface, open-pit mining is more economical; the soil above the coal seam is called overburden.

[0003] Geographically, open-pit coal mines are exposed for a long time and are vulnerable to alpine climates and seasonal freeze-thaw effects. After the slopes of open-pit coal mines are repeatedly affected by alpine climates and seasonal freeze-thaw effects, the stability of the slopes of open-pit coal mines will be reduced to a certain extent. At this time, problems such as landslides and ground collapses are likely to occur on the slopes; therefore, it is very necessary to carry out physical tests on slopes under the action of freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycles. Generally, there are two types of freeze-thaw tests for slopes; one is to use a constant-temperature box as the freeze-thaw device. After setting the temperature, the specimen is directly placed in the box for freeze-thaw cycles, and corresponding mechanical experiments are carried out after the freeze-thaw test is over. Such a device is similar to a "refrigerator" and has a relatively single function. Most of them cannot control water replenishment and drainage, and usually can only carry out freeze-thaw experiments in a closed system. They do not pay attention to the freeze-thaw process and only study the influence of freeze-thaw action on soil mechanical properties macroscopically; the other is to combine the freeze-thaw test with a material testing machine and directly carry out mechanical tests after freeze-thaw cycles, which not only studies the microscopic changes during the freeze-thaw process but also attaches importance to the mechanical properties after the freeze-thaw test. However, its control of test conditions is more complex, and the overall state changes with time, and it cannot well reflect the state changes of the slope.

[0004] Therefore, the test devices at the present stage have relatively single functions, and the simulation of the overall state only stays on the surface. In this situation, at present, the seepage and instability mechanisms of open-pit coal mine slopes under freeze-thaw cycles are obtained by using single-system scanning instruments or photographing instruments for identification, and the test results are relatively superficial and difficult to reflect the seepage and instability mechanisms of open-pit coal mine slopes under freeze-thaw cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present invention provide a physical similarity model device for slopes and a method for identifying the evolution of internal cracks in slopes, which can solve the problem in the prior art that the test results of the current test devices are relatively superficial and difficult to reflect the seepage and instability mechanisms of open-pit coal mine slopes under freeze-thaw cycles.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycle, including a material tank. A hydraulic system is installed on the bottom surface of the material tank, and the other end of the hydraulic system is grounded to make the material tank inclined to the ground. A high-frequency vibration system is also installed on the bottom surface of the material tank; A plurality of water injection holes are opened on the side of the material tank, and the water injection holes are communicated with a water pipe; The interior of the material tank is filled with slope rock and soil layer by layer. At the same time, a plurality of sensors capable of monitoring soil parameters are uniformly buried on the upper, middle and lower slopes of the rock and soil. A rainfall system is arranged at the top of the material tank, and a first camera and a second camera are arranged side by side at a position facing the material tank on the rainfall system. At the same time, a third camera is arranged on the side of the material tank; During the simulation of slope instability, the slope physical similarity model device is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber. The inclination angle of the material tank is randomly changed through the hydraulic system, the material tank is vibrated and shaken through the high-frequency vibration system, and a water cycle is formed in the material tank through the water injection holes and the rainfall system; the first camera and the second camera take multiple images of the slope rock and soil under multiple inclination angles of shaking to form a three-dimensional image of the slope body, so as to extract the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure; the third camera takes multiple images of the slope rock and soil profile under multiple inclination angles of shaking to be used for identifying the change process of the seepage field form of the slope; a plurality of different types of sensors obtain the change process of the slope fissure form when the slope rock and soil shakes under multiple inclination angles; and by combining the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure and the change process of the seepage field form of the slope, the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of internal fissures in the slope is identified.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a data acquisition and control system; The data acquisition and control system is used to receive and perform time soft synchronization on the data of the first camera, the second camera, the third camera and different types of sensors, and at the same time control precipitation, temperature, the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the inclination angle supported by the hydraulic system and the engineering disturbance formed by the high-frequency vibration system.

[0008] Preferably, the sensors include: A plurality of soil temperature and humidity meters, piezometers, earth pressure gauges and vibration meters arranged on the upper, middle and lower slopes of the rock and soil in the material tank.

[0009] Preferably, the material tank adopts an organic glass tank body, the thickness of the material tank is 3 cm, and the size of the material tank is 2 m × 0.3 m × 1.5 m.

[0010] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for identifying the evolution of internal fissures in a slope, which is evolved using a slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycle as described above, and includes the following steps: When simulating the process of slope instability, place the physical similarity model device of the slope in the freeze-thaw chamber, and simulate precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock dip angle, engineering disturbance, and groundwater change through the hydraulic system, high-frequency vibration system, rainfall system, and water injection holes; The first camera and the second camera respectively take multiple stereo image pairs of the slope under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking. At the same time, a plurality of waterproof image control points are arranged on the material tank body, and the multiple stereo image pairs are imaged through the close-range photogrammetry method and the plurality of waterproof image control points to obtain a three-dimensional model of the slope body during the repeated freeze-thaw process; and according to the three-dimensional model, extract the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure; The third camera takes multiple images of the slope profile under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking, uses the image recognition method to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope fissures in different images, and establishes a digital model of the fissure seepage field according to the morphological characteristics; according to the digital model of the fissure seepage field, identify the morphological change process of the slope seepage field; Sensors of different types scan the morphological change process of the slope fissures under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking to form the geometric evolution process of the fissures; and combine the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure and the morphological change process of the slope seepage field to identify the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of the internal fissures of the slope.

[0011] Preferably, the extracting the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure includes: When simulating the slope instability process in the freeze-thaw chamber, the first camera and the second camera arranged side by side respectively take images of the deformation, fissure change, and failure process of the slope inner body under multi-angle shaking, and form multiple stereo image pairs of the slope according to the images taken by the first camera and the second camera; At the same time, a plurality of waterproof image control points are arranged on the material tank body, and in combination with the multiple stereo image pairs of the slope, the contour map, cross-sectional map, and three-dimensional perspective view of the slope under different change processes are formed by the close-range photogrammetry method, and the contour map, cross-sectional map, and three-dimensional perspective view are three-dimensionally reconstructed to obtain a three-dimensional model of the slope body during the repeated freeze-thaw process; According to the characteristic quantities changing with time in the three-dimensional model, fit the characteristic quantities to obtain the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure.

[0012] Preferably, the identifying the morphological change process of the slope seepage field includes: The third camera takes images of the deformation, fissure change, and failure process of the slope profile under multi-angle shaking, uses the image recognition method to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope fissures in different images, and identifies the geometric shape and seepage field of the fissures from the morphological characteristics; According to the geometric morphology of the fissures and the seepage field, and based on physical field simulation, a digital model of the fissure seepage field is established to identify the distribution and variation law of the fissure flow field within the digital model of the fissure seepage field, and obtain the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope.

[0013] Preferably, the identification of the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of the internal fissures of the slope includes: After scanning the geometric evolution process of the fissures through different types of sensors, combining the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure and the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope, and using the numerical simulation method to synthesize the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of the internal fissures of the simulated slope.

[0014] The embodiment of the present invention provides a slope physical similarity model device and a method for identifying the evolution of internal fissures of the slope. Compared with the prior art, its beneficial effects are as follows: In the present invention, the slope rock and soil body is filled layer by layer in the material tank to form a slope physical similarity model. At the same time, a hydraulic system and a high-frequency control system are installed at the bottom of the material tank, a water injection hole is opened on the side of the material tank, a rainfall system and two cameras are arranged at the top of the material tank, a third camera is arranged on the side of the material tank, and different types of sensors are arranged in the rock and soil body; the set similarity model is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber to simulate the slope instability process, and at the same time, precipitation, temperature, freeze-thaw cycle, inclination angle and engineering disturbance are controlled. In this state, the deformation and failure process of the slope is identified through two cameras, the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope is extracted through the third camera, and combined with the morphological change process of the slope fissures scanned by different types of sensors, the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of the internal fissures of the slope is synthesized; this process can deeply explore the deep temperature, precipitation, stress and fissure development changes during the evolution of the slope body when the slope body is unstable, identify the deep slope instability failure path, failure source and key blocks, reveal the seepage and instability mechanism of the open-pit coal mine slope under freeze-thaw cycle, and provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of multi-source criteria and early and mid-term warning of seasonal freeze-thaw landslides in alpine open-pit coal mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall slope physical similarity model device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0018] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0019] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0021] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a middle element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a middle element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manner.

[0022] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle and a method for identifying the evolution of cracks inside the slope; specifically, the present invention is a physical similarity model test device for the landslide process of an open-pit coal mine slope under the action of freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle, which aims to carry out tests on the crack development and surface (underground) water infiltration process of the slope under the influence of freeze-thaw phase change and dry-wet cycle and conduct full-process monitoring, revealing the seepage and instability mechanism of the high-altitude open-pit coal mine slope under the coupling of water, heat and force multiple fields.

[0023] The schematic diagram of the device is as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it is mainly composed of four parts: artificial rainfall system, similar material model system, monitoring system, data acquisition and control system; among them, the artificial rainfall system can simulate different rainfall amounts and rainfall durations; the similar material model system is mainly a material trough for placing similar models, with a size of 2m×0.3m×1.5m (length×width×height), made of transparent organic glass with a wall thickness of 3cm, with holes on one side of the wall for water injection to simulate groundwater changes, and the inside of the trough is frosted. An adjustable height hydraulic system and an adjustable high-frequency vibration system are installed under the material trough, which are used to simulate the inclination of the slope bedrock and the disturbance caused by blasting, excavation and other projects respectively; the monitoring system consists of three ultra-clear cameras that are photographing the slope of the material trough (the first camera and the second camera) and the transparent side (the third camera) and sensors embedded in the material trough, which are used to monitor the changes in the water-thermal field in the slope and the seepage and deformation process caused by them; the data acquisition and control system is responsible for receiving data and soft time synchronization between the camera and the in-situ sensor, as well as the control of the temperature, rainfall, hydraulic and other systems.

[0024] Specifically, the chain evolution process of identifying the macroscopic development of cracks inside the slope in the slope instability simulation experiment of the present invention is as follows: 1. Production of similar models of rock and soil.

[0025] Adjust the hydraulic height until the angle of the bottom of the material trough is the same as the inclination of the bedrock; compact the slope rock and soil samples collected in layers on site, and fill them layer by layer in the material trough according to the original state to restore the slope shape and stratum structure. During the filling process, evenly bury a number of soil thermometers, piezometers, earth pressure gauges, vibrometers and other sensors on, in and under the slope and record their coordinates; let it stand for more than 12 hours.

[0026] 2. Simulation of instability process under freeze-thaw cycles.

[0027] Put the fabricated model into the freeze-thaw chamber and artificially control conditions such as precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock dip angle (by manipulating hydraulic struts), engineering disturbance (by manipulating the vibration simulation device), and groundwater change (injected through the water injection hole on the right side), etc., to simulate the whole process of instability evolution of a specific slope from being intact as a whole to local deformation and then to macroscopic fracture failure under the action of multiple freeze-thaw phase changes and wet-dry cycles.

[0028] III. Monitoring and analysis of the whole process of instability evolution.

[0029] During the simulation of the slope instability process, data of internal sensors and three ultra-high-definition cameras are recorded synchronously throughout the process; the data of internal sensors reflect the changes in the hydro-thermal-mechanical field of the similar model under the action of freeze-thaw phase change, wet-dry cycle, and engineering disturbance, etc.; the sequential images of the third camera record the process of the change in the seepage field morphology caused by the development of cracks in the rock and soil mass profile; the images of the first and second cameras on the upper side form a stereo pair. Through close-range photogrammetry technology, with the assistance of multiple waterproof image control points arranged in the trough, a sequential fine three-dimensional model of the slope during the repeated freeze-thaw process is obtained, and then the deformation and failure process of the slope can be deduced; by integrating the data of multi-source sensors, the chain evolution process of the internal cracks of the slope from development to macroscopic failure under the coupling action of multiple hydro-thermal-mechanical fields can be further analyzed, and the problems in each factor can be accurately quantified to reveal the freeze-thaw phase change-seepage law and instability mechanism of the slope.

[0030] For the deduction of the deformation and failure process of the slope, when controlling precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock dip angle, engineering disturbance, and groundwater change through the high-frequency vibration system, hydraulic system, and artificial rainfall system, the first and second cameras arranged side by side are used to respectively capture images of the deformation, crack change, and failure process of the slope inside the slope at different angles, and multiple stereo pairs of the slope are formed based on the images captured by the first and second cameras; at the same time, multiple waterproof image control points are arranged on the material trough, and combined with multiple stereo pairs of the slope, contour maps, cross-section maps, and three-dimensional perspective views of the slope under different change processes are formed by using close-range photogrammetry, and the contour maps, cross-section maps, and three-dimensional perspective views are three-dimensionally reconstructed to obtain a sequential three-dimensional model of the slope during the repeated freeze-thaw process. According to the characteristic quantities that change with time in the sequential three-dimensional model, the characteristic quantities are fitted to obtain the deformation and failure process of the slope.

[0031] For the process of the change in the seepage field morphology of the slope, the third camera is used to capture images of the deformation, crack change, and failure process of the slope profile at different angles, and the image recognition method is used to identify the morphological characteristics of the cracks in the slope in different images, and the geometric morphology and seepage field of the cracks are identified from the morphological characteristics; according to the geometric morphology and seepage field of the cracks, and based on physical field simulation, a digital model of the crack seepage field is established, and the distribution and change law of the crack flow field in the digital model of the crack seepage field are identified to obtain the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope.

[0032] Meanwhile, after scanning the geometric evolution process of fractures through different types of sensors, combining with the deformation and failure process of the slope and the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope, the numerical simulation method is used to synthesize and simulate the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of fractures inside the slope.

[0033] In summary, through the physical similarity model test of the slope landslide process under seasonal freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycle, it is possible to artificially control and carry out the simulation of the process of the change of the surface (subsurface) water seepage field and instability caused by the fracture evolution of slope rock and soil mass under different main control factors, and to monitor the changes of characteristics such as temperature, precipitation, stress, and fracture development in the whole process in real time, deeply explore the internal relationship between them and slope instability, obtain the failure path, failure source and key blocks of slope instability, determine the threshold of the main control factors at each stage, reveal the seepage and instability mechanism of the open-pit coal mine slope under freeze-thaw cycle, and provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of multi-source criteria and early and mid-term warning of seasonal freeze-thaw landslides in alpine open-pit coal mines.

[0034] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycles, characterized in that Comprising: A material tank, on the bottom surface of which a hydraulic system is installed, and the other end of the hydraulic system is grounded to make the material tank inclined to the ground. A high-frequency vibration system is also installed on the bottom surface of the material tank; A plurality of water injection holes are provided on the side of the material tank, and the water injection holes are communicated with a water pipe; The inside of the material tank is filled with slope rock and soil layer by layer. At the same time, a plurality of sensors capable of monitoring soil parameters are uniformly buried on the slope, middle slope and bottom slope of the rock and soil body. A rainfall system is arranged at the top of the material tank, and a first camera and a second camera are arranged side by side at a position facing the material tank on the rainfall system. At the same time, a third camera is arranged on the side of the material tank; During the simulation of slope instability, the slope physical similarity model device is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber. The inclination angle of the material tank is randomly changed by the hydraulic system, the material tank is vibrated and shaken by the high-frequency vibration system, and a water cycle is formed in the material tank through the water injection holes and the rainfall system; the first camera and the second camera take multiple images of the slope rock and soil body under multiple inclination angles and shaking, forming a three-dimensional image of the slope body to extract the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure; the third camera takes multiple images of the slope rock and soil body profile under multiple inclination angles and shaking, which is used to identify the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope; a plurality of different types of sensors obtain the change process of the slope fissure morphology when the slope rock and soil body is shaken under multiple inclination angles; And by combining the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure and the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope, the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of internal fissures in the slope is identified.

2. The physical similarity model device for slope based on freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycle according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a data acquisition and control system; The data acquisition and control system is used to receive and perform time soft synchronization on the data of the first camera, the second camera, the third camera and different types of sensors, and at the same time control the precipitation, temperature, the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the inclination angle supported by the hydraulic system and the engineering disturbance formed by the high-frequency vibration system.

3. The physical similarity model device for slope based on freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensors include: A plurality of soil temperature and humidity meters, piezometers, earth pressure gauges and vibration meters arranged on the slope, middle slope and bottom slope of the rock and soil body in the material tank.

4. A slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material tank adopts an organic glass tank body, the thickness of the material tank is 3 cm, and the size of the material tank is 2 m × 0.3 m × 1.5 m.

5. A method for identifying the evolution of internal cracks in a slope, which uses the slope physical similarity model device based on freeze-thaw phase change and wet-dry cycle described in any one of claims 1 to 4 for evolution, and is characterized in that, Including the following steps: During the simulation of slope instability, the slope physical similarity model device is placed in a freeze-thaw chamber, and the precipitation, temperature, number of freeze-thaw cycles, bedrock inclination angle, engineering disturbance and groundwater change are simulated through the hydraulic system, high-frequency vibration system, rainfall system and water injection holes; The first camera and the second camera respectively take multiple stereo image pairs of the slope under different physical changes and multiple inclination angles and shaking. At the same time, a plurality of waterproof image control points are arranged on the material tank body. The multiple stereo image pairs are imaged through the close-range photogrammetry method and the plurality of waterproof image control points to obtain a three-dimensional model of the slope body during the repeated freeze-thaw process; and according to the three-dimensional model, the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure is extracted; The third camera takes multiple images of the slope profile under different physical changes and multiple inclination angles and shaking, uses the image recognition method to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope fissures in different images, and establishes a digital model of the fissure seepage field according to the morphological characteristics; according to the digital model of the fissure seepage field, the change process of the seepage field morphology of the slope is identified; Different types of sensors scan the morphological changes of slope fissures under different physical changes and multi-angle shaking, forming the geometric evolution process of fissures; and combining the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure and the morphological changes of the seepage field of the slope, identify the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of internal fissures in the slope.

6. The method for identifying the evolution of internal fissures of a slope according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extraction of the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure includes: When simulating the slope instability process in a freeze-thaw chamber, the first camera and the second camera arranged side by side are used to respectively capture the images of the deformation, fissure changes and failure process of the slope inner body under multi-angle shaking, and multiple stereo image pairs of the slope are formed according to the images captured by the first camera and the second camera; At the same time, a plurality of waterproof image control points are arranged on the material tank body, and combined with multiple stereo image pairs of the slope, the contour map, cross-sectional map and three-dimensional perspective view of the slope under different change processes are formed by using the close-range photogrammetry method, and the contour map, cross-sectional map and three-dimensional perspective view are three-dimensionally reconstructed to obtain the three-dimensional model of the slope body during the repeated freeze-thaw process; According to the characteristic quantities that change with time in the three-dimensional model, fit the characteristic quantities to obtain the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure.

7. A method for identifying the evolution of internal cracks in a slope according to claim 5, characterized in that, The identification of the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope includes: The third camera is used to capture the images of the deformation, fissure changes and failure process of the slope profile under multi-angle shaking, and the image recognition method is used to identify the morphological characteristics of the slope fissures in different images, and the geometric morphology and seepage field of the fissures are identified from the morphological characteristics; According to the geometric morphology and seepage field of the fissures, and based on the physical field simulation, a digital model of the fissure seepage field is established, the distribution and change law of the fissure flow field in the digital model of the fissure seepage field are identified, and the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope is obtained.

8. A method for identifying the evolution of internal cracks in a slope according to claim 5, characterized in that The identification of the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of internal fissures in the slope includes: After scanning the geometric evolution process of the fissures through different types of sensors, combine the deformation and failure process of the slope body structure and the morphological change process of the seepage field of the slope, and use the numerical simulation method to synthesize the chain evolution process of the macroscopic development of internal fissures in the simulated slope.

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