Agaricus bisporus compost, preparation method thereof and cultivation method of agaricus bisporus

Abstract

The invention provides an agaricus bisporus compost, a preparation method thereof and an agaricus bisporus cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation. The agaricus bisporus culture material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33-40 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 33-40 parts of mushroom dregs, 20-26 parts of dry cow dung, 1-2 parts of quick lime, 1-2 parts of gypsum and 1-2 parts of calcium superphosphate. According to the agaricus bisporus culture material, the mulberry twig wood chips, the mushroom residues and the dry cow dung serve as main raw materials, the agaricus bisporus culture material can be used for cultivation and production of different varieties of agaricus bisporus, the mushroom forming rate reaches 95% or above, the yield is 19.37 kg / m < 2 >, the protein content of sporocarp is 26.4 g / 100 g, the total sugar content is 23.5 g / 100 g, and the fat content is 0.5 g / 100 g. The method realizes resource reutilization of agricultural wastes, reduces the production cost of edible mushrooms, and improves economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly to a culture medium for Agaricus bisporus, a preparation method thereof, and a cultivation method for Agaricus bisporus. Background Art

[0002] Agaricus bisporus, also known as white mushroom, mushroom, or button mushroom, is often referred to as the common cultivated mushroom or button mushroom by producers and operators in Europe and America. Agaricus bisporus is a globally cultivated and consumed mushroom, known as the "world mushroom", and can be sold fresh, canned, or salted. The mycelium of Agaricus bisporus is also used as a raw material for pharmaceutical production. In China, the most cultivated areas of Agaricus bisporus are Guangxi, Fujian, Shandong, Henan, Zhejiang, etc. The cultivation methods include mushroom house cultivation, greenhouse shelf cultivation, and greenhouse bed cultivation, etc.

[0003] Agaricus bisporus is a straw-rotting edible mushroom. Traditional cultivation mainly uses cow dung and straw. However, with the development of the industry, the supply-demand relationship of raw materials has become increasingly tense, resulting in a gradual increase in the cost of cultivating Agaricus bisporus using traditional raw materials, which severely restricts the economic benefits of Agaricus bisporus. Therefore, improving the formula of Agaricus bisporus to achieve increased production, increased income, and improved economic benefits is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a culture medium for Agaricus bisporus, a preparation method thereof, and a cultivation method for Agaricus bisporus to solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a culture medium for Agaricus bisporus, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 33-40 parts of mulberry branch sawdust, 33-40 parts of mushroom residue, 20-26 parts of dry cow dung, 1-2 parts of quicklime, 1-2 parts of gypsum, and 1-2 parts of superphosphate.

[0007] Preferably, the culture medium for Agaricus bisporus comprises the following components in parts by mass: 37 parts of mulberry branch sawdust, 37 parts of mushroom residue, 23 parts of dry cow dung, 1.5 parts of quicklime, 1.5 parts of gypsum, and 1.5 parts of superphosphate.

[0008] Preferably, the mushroom residue is one or more of Pleurotus eryngii residue, Flammulina velutipes residue, Pleurotus pulmonarius residue, Lentinula edodes residue, and Agrocybe aegerita residue.

[0009] Preferably, the length of the mulberry branch sawdust is 2-3 cm.

[0010] The present invention also provides a preparation method for the culture medium for Agaricus bisporus, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Pre-piling: Pre-wet the mulberry branch sawdust with water, crush the mushroom residue and dry cow dung, and pre-wet them with lime water;

[0012] (2) Piling: Pile up the materials obtained after pre-piling and superphosphate, and adjust the water content of the pile to 50-60%;

[0013] (3) Turning the pile: Conduct the first turning of the pile 5-6 days after piling, and supplement superphosphate and water; 4-5 days after the first turning, when the pile temperature reaches 75-80 °C, conduct the second turning of the pile and supplement quicklime; then turn the pile once every 3-4 days, and turn the pile 4-5 times in total to end the fermentation.

[0014] Preferably, the concentration of the lime water is 0.8-1.2%.

[0015] Preferably, the superphosphate, gypsum and quicklime are sprinkled in layers during turning the pile.

[0016] The present invention also provides a cultivation method of Agaricus bisporus, which is cultivated by using the Agaricus bisporus culture material described above.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature of the cultivation is 16-22 °C.

[0018] Preferably, the water content of the culture material during the fruiting period is 60-65%, and the relative air humidity is 88-92%.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The Agaricus bisporus culture material of the present invention comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33-40 parts of mulberry branch sawdust, 33-40 parts of mushroom residue, 20-26 parts of dry cow dung, 1-2 parts of quicklime, 1-2 parts of gypsum, and 1-2 parts of superphosphate. The Agaricus bisporus culture material of the present invention takes mulberry branch sawdust, mushroom residue and dry cow dung as the main raw materials, and the raw material components are mutually matched, which can provide the nutrients required for the growth of Agaricus bisporus, can be used for the cultivation and production of different varieties of Agaricus bisporus, the mushroom formation rate reaches more than 95%, and the yield is 19.37 kg / m 2 , the protein content of the fruiting body is 26.4 g / 100 g, the total sugar content is 23.5 g / 100 g, and the fat content is 0.5 g / 100 g. It realizes the resource recycling of agricultural waste, reduces the production cost of edible fungi, and improves the economic benefits. Specific Embodiments

[0020] The present invention provides an Agaricus bisporus culture material, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33-40 parts of mulberry branch sawdust, 33-40 parts of mushroom residue, 20-26 parts of dry cow dung, 1-2 parts of quicklime, 1-2 parts of gypsum, and 1-2 parts of superphosphate.

[0021] In the culture medium for Agaricus bisporus of the present invention, the mass fraction of the mulberry branch sawdust is preferably 35-39 parts, more preferably 37 parts;

[0022] the mass fraction of the spent mushroom substrate is preferably 35-39 parts, more preferably 37 parts;

[0023] the mass fraction of the dried cow dung is preferably 22-24 parts, more preferably 23 parts;

[0024] the mass fraction of the quicklime is preferably 1.2-1.8 parts, more preferably 1.5 parts;

[0025] the mass fraction of the gypsum is preferably 1.2-1.8 parts, more preferably 1.5 parts;

[0026] the mass fraction of the superphosphate is preferably 1.2-1.8 parts, more preferably 1.5 parts.

[0027] In the present invention, the length of the mulberry branch sawdust is 2-3 cm, preferably 2.2-2.8 cm, more preferably 2.5 cm; the mulberry branch sawdust is rich in cellulose and carbohydrates, which are the main carbon sources required for the growth of Agaricus bisporus. Agaricus bisporus secretes cellulase to decompose the cellulose in the sawdust into glucose for its absorption and utilization. In addition, the physical structure of the mulberry branch sawdust helps the decomposed nutrients (such as glucose) to diffuse into the mycelium, and its porosity can increase the air permeability of the culture medium to prevent the inhibition of mycelial growth due to lack of oxygen. Moreover, the main components of mulberry branches include flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, etc. Using them for Agaricus bisporus cultivation can effectively enrich the functional components in the fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus and increase the content of nutritional components and umami substances. In addition, as agricultural waste, the utilization rate of mulberry branches is very low. Using them for Agaricus bisporus cultivation realizes the resource recycling of agricultural waste and improves economic benefits at the same time.

[0028] In the present invention, the spent mushroom substrate includes one or more of Pleurotus eryngii spent mushroom substrate, Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate, Pleurotus pulmonarius spent mushroom substrate, Lentinula edodes spent mushroom substrate and Agrocybe aegerita spent mushroom substrate. The spent mushroom substrate is rich in microbial protein, amino acids, cellulose, hydrocarbons and trace elements, providing nutrition for the growth of Agaricus bisporus.

[0029] Quicklime, also known as calcium oxide, can accelerate the softening of the main materials, promote the decomposition of the main materials; adjust the pH value, supplement calcium elements, and can also be used as a bactericide, disinfectant and moisture-proof agent.

[0030] Gypsum, also known as calcium sulfate, can defat and soften straw, directly supplement the deficiencies of sulfur and calcium in the culture medium, fix gaseous nitrogen into combined nitrogen, facilitate the stabilization of ammonia in the compost and reduce nitrogen loss, accelerate the decomposition of the substrate in the culture material, promote the release of soluble phosphorus and potassium in the material for the mycelium to absorb and utilize, etc. Gypsum belongs to neutral weak acid salt. Although it cannot quickly correct the pH value of the culture material, it has a buffering effect, so that the pH value of the culture material will not change significantly.

[0031] Superphosphate can make up for the deficiencies of phosphorus and calcium in the culture material, and at the same time promote the decomposition activities of microorganisms, which is beneficial to the fermentation and maturity of the culture material. At the same time, as a buffering substance, superphosphate can prevent the pH value in the compost from changing too violently, and also has the effect of improving the physical and chemical properties of the culture material. Phosphorus is an element required for the growth and development of fruiting bodies, which is beneficial to promoting the strong growth of mycelium.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the double-spore mushroom culture material, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) Pre-piling: Pre-wet the mulberry branch sawdust with water, crush the mushroom residue and dry cow dung, and pre-wet them with lime water;

[0034] (2) Piling: Pile up the materials obtained after pre-piling and superphosphate, and adjust the water content of the pile to 50-60%;

[0035] (3) Turning the pile: Conduct the first turning of the pile 5-6 days after piling, and supplement superphosphate and water; 4-5 days after the first turning of the pile, when the pile temperature reaches 75-80 °C, conduct the second turning of the pile and supplement quicklime; then turn the pile once every 3-4 days, and turn the pile 4-5 times in total to end the fermentation.

[0036] The concentration of the lime water is 0.8-1.2%, preferably 0.9-1.1%, and more preferably 1%;

[0037] The superphosphate, gypsum and quicklime are layered and scattered during the turning of the pile.

[0038] The present invention also provides a cultivation method for double-spore mushrooms. The cultivation is carried out using the double-spore mushroom culture material described above. The temperature for cultivation is 16-22 °C, preferably 18-21 °C, and more preferably 20 °C; the water content of the culture material during the fruiting period is 60-65%, preferably 62-64%, and more preferably 63%; the relative air humidity is 88-92%, preferably 89-91%, and more preferably 90%.

[0039] In the present invention, after the fruiting of Agaricus bisporus, the relative air humidity is maintained at 85% - 90%. If it exceeds 95%, water droplets will remain on the mushroom caps for a long time, and various bacterial lesions are likely to occur. If it is lower than 70%, the surface of the mushroom caps will become hard, and even crack, making them prone to hollowing. If it is lower than 50%, the small mushroom buds will wither and die, and fruiting will stop. Note that thin-material cultivation is not suitable, as too low nitrogen content in the material or insufficient water will affect the yield or produce thin mushrooms and hollow mushrooms.

[0040] In the present invention, during the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus, it is preferably carried out under dark conditions because mushroom growth does not require light. The fruiting bodies grown in a dark environment have a white color, a round shape, and good quality. More preferably, when the fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus are formed, scattered light stimulation is used. At this time, the light in the mushroom house should not be too bright. Cover the bed surface with a small black arch film and just open both ends. If the light is too bright, the surface of the mushroom bodies will be easily dried and turn yellow, and the quality will decline.

[0041] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A kind of Agaricus bisporus culture material is composed of the following components by weight: 330 kg of mulberry branch sawdust, 300 kg of Pleurotus eryngii residue, 200 kg of dry cow dung, 10 kg of quicklime, 10 kg of gypsum, and 10 kg of superphosphate.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A kind of Agaricus bisporus culture material is composed of the following components by weight: 370 kg of mulberry branch sawdust, 370 kg of Agrocybe aegerita residue, 230 kg of dry cow dung, 15 kg of quicklime, 15 kg of gypsum, and 15 kg of superphosphate.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A kind of Agaricus bisporus culture material is composed of the following components by weight: 400 kg of mulberry branch sawdust, 400 kg of Pleurotus geesteranus residue, 260 kg of dry cow dung, 20 kg of quicklime, 20 kg of gypsum, and 20 kg of superphosphate.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] A kind of Agaricus bisporus culture material is composed of the following components by weight: 740 kg of rice straw, 230 kg of dry cow dung powder, 150 kg of quicklime, and 150 kg of superphosphate.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] A compost for cultivating Agaricus bisporus consists of the following components by weight: 740 kg of mulberry branch sawdust, 230 kg of dried cow dung powder, 1.5 kg of quicklime, and 1.5 kg of superphosphate.

[0052] The compost for Agaricus bisporus in the examples or comparative examples is prepared by the following method:

[0053] 1. Pre-piling and piling

[0054] Processing of mulberry branch sawdust: Select fresh mulberry branches that are clean, mud-free, mildew-free, and pollution-free. Use a small crusher to crush them into mulberry branch sawdust that is 2 - 3 cm long for standby.

[0055] One day before piling, pre-wet the mulberry branch sawdust or straw with water. At the same time, pre-wet the dried cow dung powder and mushroom residue with 1% lime water. Spread 30 cm of mulberry branch sawdust or straw at the bottom layer, and then alternately spread the treated cow dung, mushroom residue, and superphosphate until the pile height reaches more than 1.5 m. Start adding water quantitatively from the third layer, cover the top layer with cow dung, and form a turtle-back shape at the top. The moisture should be controlled so that there is a small amount of water flowing out after the pile is completed. Cover the top of the pile with straw sheets or agricultural films to prevent sun exposure and rain.

[0056] 2. Turning the pile

[0057] The first turning: Turn the pile 6 days after piling. Pour enough water during turning, add the required superphosphate layer by layer. The moisture should be controlled so that there is a small amount of water flowing out around the pile after turning. Set exhaust holes every 1 m in the middle of the pile. During the whole composting process, the moisture should follow the principle of being wet at the beginning, dry in the middle, and adjusted at the end. The second turning: 5 days after the first turning, when the pile temperature reaches 75 - 80 °C, conduct the second turning. During turning, add gypsum layer by layer, and try to loosen the manure and straw as much as possible to facilitate uniform fermentation, and set exhaust holes in the pile. Only add a small amount of water to the relatively dry places during the second turning to prevent the compost from becoming sour and rotten due to excessive watering. The third turning: 4 days after the second turning, conduct the third turning. Sprinkle lime powder layer by layer on the manure and straw, and set exhaust holes in the middle of the pile to improve ventilation. The fourth turning: Conduct it after another 3 days to evenly mix and turn the manure and straw, and the fermentation ends.

[0058] Experimental example

[0059] The experiment was carried out in a multi-span greenhouse at the Yanshan Base of Guilin Agricultural Science Research Center, divided into several plots, and the area of each plot is 10 m 2 , with 3 replicates in each group. Use the composts for Agaricus bisporus prepared in Example 2, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 to cultivate Agaricus bisporus AS2796 respectively, and the steps are as follows:

[0060] 1. Feeding and sowing

[0061] Before the material enters the mushroom shed, first disinfect the mushroom shed by fumigation with sulfur powder (10 g / m 3) After plowing the land, make beds and ridges. The width of the bed surface is 100 cm, the depth of the bed is 50 cm, and there are 5 ridges in each plot. The bed surface is covered with small black arch films.

[0062] Spread the material on the previously prepared bed surface, and the feeding amount is 35 kg / m 2 , and the material needs to be cooled by heat dissipation to below 28 °C before sowing. Sowing was carried out on November 18, 2022. Knead the strains before sowing for sowing. For every 1 m 2 , broadcast 1.5 bottles of bacterial strains (500 mL / bottle), and the thickness of the spread material is about 20 cm, and the thickness of the material is uniform. After sowing, level the material surface, slightly compact it, cover it with a plastic film for heat preservation, and the greenhouse is equipped with sunshade measures to avoid strong light irradiation.

[0063] 2. Mycelium management

[0064] Within 3 days after sowing, tightly close the mushroom shed, mainly for moisture preservation, and ventilate slightly according to the air conditions to promote the germination and growth of mycelium on the material. In case of high temperature weather (≥28 °C), ventilate to cool down, and open all the ventilation openings at night to prevent the mycelium from being stuffy and not germinating. After 3 days, as the mycelium grows, gradually increase the ventilation volume of the mushroom house to promote the growth of mycelium. 7-10 days after sowing, the mycelium basically covers the material surface. At this time, uncover the plastic film for ventilation, open the ventilation openings of the mushroom shed, reduce the air humidity, make the material surface slightly dry, promote the growth of mycelium into the material with higher humidity, shorten the time for the mycelium to grow to the bottom of the material, enable the mycelium to occupy the material layer first, and inhibit the infection and growth of miscellaneous bacteria. When the mycelium has grown into 2 / 3 of the material (18-20 days of mycelium growth), cover the soil in time.

[0065] 3. Soil covering

[0066] Cover the soil after the mycelium has fully grown. Use forest soil without pollution and pests, turn it over, dry it and break it into soil particles with a particle size of 1-1.5 cm. Soil covering was carried out on December 9, 2022, and the soil thickness is 3 cm. Watering is not required within 1 day after soil covering, and watering starts on the second day after soil covering to make the covered soil fully absorb water. After 8 days, when the mycelium has grown more than 1 cm into the soil, spray a heavy dose of water to make the humidity of the cultivation substrate reach about 75%, strengthen ventilation after spraying the heavy dose of water, and deal with pollution in time and replant in time. Small mushroom buds appear after 4 days, and then enter the management stage of the fruiting period.

[0067] 4. Fruiting period management

[0068] The mushrooms emerge 13 - 20 days after covering with soil. The mushroom emergence period is determined by the appearance of a large amount of mycelium between the soils and the appearance of rice - grain - like primordia. During the mushroom emergence period, the water content of the culture medium is maintained between 60 - 65%, and the relative air humidity is maintained between 88 - 92%. When spraying water, the water from the nozzle cannot be directly sprayed on the fruiting bodies. After each spraying, ventilate, and the ventilation air outlet cannot directly blow on the fruiting bodies. When the Agaricus bisporus grows to the size of a soybean, add water according to the dry - wet condition of the covered soil. As the Agaricus bisporus grows later, gradually increase the water volume. Keep the temperature in the cultivation greenhouse at 16 - 22 °C and the relative air humidity at 85% - 90%. Mushroom growth does not require light, and the whole process can be carried out under complete darkness. The fruiting bodies grown in the dark environment are white in color, round in shape, and of good quality. However, when the fruiting bodies are formed, it is best to have the stimulation of scattered light. At this time, the light in the mushroom house should not be too bright. Cover the bed surface with a small black arch film and just open both ends. When a batch of small mushrooms grow on the mushroom bed, increase the amount of sprayed water.

[0069] 5. Harvest

[0070] Harvest when the mushroom buds grow to 2 - 3.5 cm. The experimental harvest period is divided into four flushes. From January 8th to 10th, 2023, daily collection and yield measurement of the first - flush samples were carried out. From February 7th to 9th, 2023, daily collection and yield measurement of the second - flush samples were carried out. From March 8th to 10th, 2023, daily collection and yield measurement of the third - flush samples were carried out. From March 29th to 31st, 2023, daily collection and yield measurement of the fourth - flush samples were carried out. For the first three batches of mushrooms, the method of twisting the mushrooms is adopted, that is, use the thumb, middle finger and index finger to rotate the mushroom cap left and right and gently lift it to avoid damaging the small mushrooms. After each mushroom harvest, promptly clean up the dead mushrooms and old roots, and immediately replenish fine soil.

[0071] Record the mushroom yield in each harvest period of Agaricus bisporus, calculate the cumulative yield, etc., and analyze the influence of different culture medium formulations on the yield. The results are shown in Table 1. At the same time, detect the contents of protein, fat, total sugar and 17 free amino acids in the fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus. The protein determination is based on GB 5009.5 - 2016 "National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Protein in Foods", and the Kjeldahl method is used for determination; the fat is determined according to GB 5009.6 - 2016 "National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Fat in Foods" using the Soxhlet extraction method; the total sugar is determined according to GB / T 15672 - 2009 "Determination of Total Sugar Content in Edible Fungi" using the ultraviolet spectrophotometry method; the amino acids are determined according to GB 5009.124 - 2016 "National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Amino Acids in Foods". Analyze the influence of different culture medium formulations on the nutritional components of Agaricus bisporus. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0072] The experimental data were statistically analyzed using Excel 2010 software, one-way ANOVA was performed using SPSS 21.0 software, and multiple comparisons were performed using the LSD method. The results were expressed as "mean ± standard deviation", and P < 0.05 indicated significant differences.

[0073] Table 1 Effects of different compost formulas on the yield and nutritional components of Agaricus bisporus

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Note: X ± SD (n = 3); different letters in the same column indicate significant differences between treatments (P < 0.05)

[0077] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the addition of mulberry branch sawdust to the compost can significantly increase the yield of Agaricus bisporus and the protein content in the fruiting body (P < 0.05), while the total sugar and fat contents are significantly reduced. Among them, the highest yield of Agaricus bisporus is 19.34 kg / m when 37% mulberry branch sawdust is added to the compost 2 .

[0078] Table 2 Effects of different compost formulas on the contents of 17 free amino acids in Agaricus bisporus

[0079] Project Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Aspartic acid / (g / 100g) 0.023±0.001b 0.028±0.001a 0.025 ± 0.005 ab Threonine * / (g / 100g) 0.31±0.01a 0.26±0.03b 0.28 ± 0.03 ab Serine / (g / 100g) 0.16±0.02 0.14±0.01 0.15±0.01 Glutamic acid / (g / 100g) 0.90±0.03a 0.40±0.01b 0.64±0.01b Glycine / (g / 100g) 0.068±0.005 0.084±0.003 0.078±0.001 Alanine / (g / 100g) 0.49±0.03 0.40±0.01 0.48±0.07 Cystine / (g / 100g) 0.036±0.003 0.035±0.002 0.035±0.003 Valine * / (g / 100g) 0.042±0.001 0.042±0.001 0.043±0.001 Methionine * / (g / 100g) 0.0046±0.0002 0.0043±0.0001 0.0041±0.0001 Isoleucine * / (g / 100g) 0.015±0.0002a 0.0074±0.0001b 0.012±0.0003a Leucine * / (g / 100g) 0.013±0.0002 0.0091±0.0001 0.011±0.0004 Tyrosine / (g / 100g) 0.011±0.0003a 0.0053±0.0001b 0.0094±0.0001a Phenylalanine * / (g / 100g) 0.51±0.01 0.55±0.01 0.52±0.05 Lysine * / (g / 100g) 0.12±0.009a 0.08±0.001b 0.11±0.012a Histidine / (g / 100g) 0.033±0.0001a 0.018±0.0001b 0.029±0.0002a Arginine / (g / 100g) 0.092±0.0013a 0.046±0.0008c 0.067±0.0001b Proline / (g / 100g) 1.14±0.02c 0.30±0.01a 0.69±0.01b Total amount of essential amino acids / (g / 100g) 1.267±0.002a 0.953±0.002b 0.980±0.003b Umami amino acids / (g / 100g) 1.411±0.004a 1.00±0.002b 1.173 ± 0.002 ab Total amount of amino acids / (g / 100g) 3.968±0.005a 2.409±0.007c 3.155±0.012b Essential amino acids / Total amount of amino acids / % 31.93±0.6b 39.56±0.3a 31.06±0.1b

[0080] Note: 1. "*" indicates essential amino acids; umami amino acids include aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, and glycine.

[0081] 2. Different superscript letters in the same row of data indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), and the same letters or no letters indicate no significant differences (P > 0.05).

[0082] As can be seen from Table 2, the contents of essential amino acids, umami amino acids, and total amino acids in the fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus in Example 2 are significantly higher than those in Comparative Example 1 group and Comparative Example 2 group (P < 0.05); compared with Comparative Example 1 group, the total amino acid content in Agaricus bisporus in Comparative Example 2 group is significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the umami amino acid contents in Example 2 group and Comparative Example 2 group are increased by 41.10% and 17.30% respectively, and the total amino acid contents are increased by 64.72% and 30.97% respectively.

[0083] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides a compost for Agaricus bisporus, a preparation method thereof, and a cultivation method for Agaricus bisporus. By using the compost for Agaricus bisporus and the cultivation method for Agaricus bisporus of the present invention, the fruiting rate, yield, total amino acid, and umami amino acid contents of Agaricus bisporus are increased, and the total sugar and fat contents are reduced.

[0084] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A culture medium for Agaricus bisporus, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33-40 parts of mulberry branch sawdust, 33-40 parts of mushroom residue, 20-26 parts of dried cow dung, 1-2 parts of quicklime, 1-2 parts of gypsum, and 1-2 parts of superphosphate.

2. The spawn for Agaricus bisporus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by mass: 37 parts of mulberry branch sawdust, 37 parts of mushroom residue, 23 parts of dried cow dung, 1.5 parts of quicklime, 1.5 parts of gypsum, and 1.5 parts of superphosphate.

3. The compost for cultivating Agaricus bisporus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mushroom residue includes one or more of Pleurotus eryngii residue, Flammulina velutipes residue, Pleurotus pulmonarius residue, Lentinula edodes residue, and Agrocybe aegerita residue.

4. The compost for cultivating Agaricus bisporus according to claim 3, wherein, The length of the mulberry branch sawdust is 2-3 cm.

5. The method for preparing the culture medium for Agaricus bisporus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Pre-piling: Pre-wet the mulberry branch sawdust with water, crush the mushroom residue and dried cow dung, and pre-wet them with lime water. (2) Pile building: Pile up the materials obtained after pre-piling and superphosphate, and adjust the water content of the pile to 50-60%. (3) Turning the pile: Conduct the first turning of the pile 5-6 days after pile building, and supplement superphosphate and water; 4-5 days after the first turning of the pile, when the pile temperature reaches 75-80 °C, conduct the second turning of the pile and supplement quicklime; then turn the pile once every 3-4 days, and turn the pile 4-5 times in total to end the fermentation.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein, The concentration of the lime water is 0.8-1.2%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein, The superphosphate, gypsum, and quicklime are sprinkled in layers during pile turning.

8. A cultivation method of Agaricus bisporus, characterized in that, Cultivation is carried out using the Agaricus bisporus culture medium described in any one of claims 1-4.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 8, wherein, The temperature of the cultivation is 16-22 °C.

10. The cultivation method according to claim 9, wherein During the fruiting period, the water content of the culture medium is 60-65%, and the relative air humidity is 88-92%.

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