Combined preparation for improving rice quality and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined preparation for improving rice quality and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of crop planting. The combined preparation is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: radix angelicae sinensis, radix paeoniae alba, rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, fructus forsythiae, oyster mushroom bran, needle mushroom bran, a microbial agent, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, DTA-6, zinc sulfate and monopotassium phosphate. The microbial agent is prepared from bacillus megatherium, pseudomonas putida, serratia marcescens and saccharomycetes. The combined preparation for improving the rice quality is prepared by taking natural Chinese herbal medicines, fungus chaff, microbial strains and a plant growth regulator as raw materials. The combined preparation is rich in polysaccharide, amino acid, chitosan oligosaccharide and other components and active microbial agents, and can promote the growth and development of rice and improve the quality of rice. The combined preparation provided by the invention provides a new technical thought for rice quality improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a combined preparation for improving the quality of rice and its application. Background Art

[0002] As an important food crop globally, rice provides the staple food for billions of people, and the improvement of its quality has attracted much attention. Quality covers multiple dimensions such as appearance quality (e.g., grain shape, chalkiness degree, etc.), cooking and eating quality (amylose content, gel consistency, gelatinization temperature, etc.), and nutritional quality (protein, vitamin, mineral content, etc.), which directly affect consumer acceptance and market value.

[0003] Currently, there are many challenges in improving the quality of rice. Under traditional planting methods, the genetic characteristics of varieties themselves have obvious limitations. When pursuing high yields, many high-yield varieties often have difficulty taking into account quality. For example, some high-yield rice has a high chalky grain rate, poor appearance of rice grains, and poor taste of cooked rice, reducing its edible value. Moreover, the planting environment has a complex impact on rice quality. The soil fertility is uneven, and rice grown in poor soil may lack key nutrients, resulting in low nutritional quality; improper water management, such as insufficient water during the filling period, will affect grain plumpness and amylose synthesis, reducing cooking and eating quality.

[0004] In agricultural production, the existing means of improving rice quality have limitations. When applying chemical fertilizers, although they can promote growth to a certain extent, excessive use is likely to cause soil compaction and environmental pollution, and the effect on quality improvement is limited. For example, over-application of nitrogen fertilizer may increase the protein content of rice, but the amylose content is unbalanced, and the stickiness of the rice decreases. When applying plant growth regulators, the regulators have a single function, and it is difficult to comprehensively coordinate the quality-related indicators of rice. Moreover, improper use of some regulators will have a negative physiological impact on rice, and even endanger food safety. In addition, the application of biological agents started relatively late, and there is a lack of mature products in the market that are highly targeted and can comprehensively improve various aspects of rice quality.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent practical need to develop a safe, efficient, and comprehensive combined preparation for improving rice quality, which is of great significance for enhancing rice planting efficiency, ensuring food security, and meeting consumers' demand for high-quality rice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a combined preparation for improving the quality of rice and its application to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The present invention uses natural Chinese herbal medicines, fungal bran, microbial strains and plant growth regulators as raw materials to prepare a combined preparation for improving the quality of rice. The combined preparation is rich in components such as polysaccharides, amino acids, chitosan oligosaccharides and active bacterial agents, which can promote the growth and development of rice and improve the quality of rice. The combined preparation of the present invention provides a new technical idea for improving the quality of rice.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a combined preparation for improving the quality of rice, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of Angelica sinensis, 10-15 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 30-50 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 15-20 parts of Forsythia suspensa, 90-120 parts of Pleurotus ostreatus bran, 40-60 parts of Flammulina velutipes bran, 1-2 parts of microbial inoculant, 15-25 parts of ammonium nitrate, 30-40 parts of potassium nitrate, 3-5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 3-5 parts of DTA-6, 80-100 parts of zinc sulfate and 100-120 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate;

[0009] The microbial inoculant is composed of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[0010] Further, in the microbial inoculant, the bacterial concentration ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 4-5:4-5:7-9:4-5.

[0011] Further, the total bacterial concentration of the microbial inoculant is 10 10 -10 12 CFU / g.

[0012] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above combined preparation, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Mix Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala and Forsythia suspensa, decoct with water to obtain a decoction and medicinal residues;

[0014] (2) Mix Pleurotus ostreatus bran, Flammulina velutipes bran and the medicinal residues, sterilize, inoculate with a microbial inoculant, and ferment; extract the fermented material with water to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0015] (3) Mix the decoction, the fermentation broth, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, DTA-6, zinc sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the combined preparation.

[0016] Optionally, the amount of water added during decoction is 8-10 times the total mass of Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala and Forsythia suspensa; the number of decoction times is 3 times, and each time is 2 h.

[0017] Furthermore, the fermentation temperature is 38 - 42 °C and the time is 5 - 8 days.

[0018] Optionally, the leaching process is to mix the fermented material with water at a mass ratio of 1:120 - 150, stir at 100 rpm for 1 - 2 h, and then filter.

[0019] The present invention also provides the application of the above combination preparation in improving the quality of rice, and the rice quality includes the carbohydrate content, protein content, niacin content, comprehensive taste value, and milled rice rate of rice.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for improving the quality of rice, and the dilution solution of the above combination preparation is sprayed at the tillering stage and booting stage of rice respectively.

[0021] Furthermore, a 1000 - 1500 - fold dilution solution of the combination preparation is sprayed at the tillering stage; a 500 - 800 - fold dilution solution of the combination preparation is sprayed at the booting stage.

[0022] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0023] The present invention selects natural Chinese herbal medicines such as Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala, Forsythia suspensa, etc., fungal mushroom residues such as Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom residue and Flammulina velutipes mushroom residue, microbial strains, and plant growth regulators, etc., to prepare a combination preparation for improving the quality of rice. The combination preparation is rich in components such as polysaccharides, amino acids, chitosan oligosaccharides, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as active bacterial agents, which can provide essential nutrients for rice, promote the growth and development of rice, improve the growth environment of rice, enhance the stress resistance of rice, and thus improve the quality of rice. It has been verified that the combination preparation of the present invention can effectively improve the contents of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and niacin in rice grains of rice, improve the taste quality of rice grains, and at the same time increase the milled rice rate of rice, increasing both yield and quality. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0025] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although this invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of this invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the said documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0027] Without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the specification of this invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the specification of this invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The specification and examples of this invention are merely exemplary.

[0028] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. in this article, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0029] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0030] The combined preparation of this invention is composed of traditional Chinese medicine components, fungal mushroom bran, microbial inoculum, plant growth regulators and other components.

[0031] The traditional Chinese medicine components include Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala and Forsythia suspensa. Among them, Angelica sinensis is rich in components such as ferulic acid and polysaccharides, which can promote root development, enhance the nutrient absorption ability of rice, and its antioxidant properties can relieve oxidative stress and improve the internal environment of plants; Paeonia lactiflora is rich in components such as paeoniflorin, which regulates plant endogenous hormones (such as ABA), enhances the resistance of rice, and can also inhibit pathogenic bacteria (such as Rhizoctonia solani), reducing the incidence of diseases; Atractylodes macrocephala is rich in components such as atractylenolide, which can activate the defense genes of rice, enhance stress resistance, promote the activity of photosynthesis-related enzymes, and increase dry matter accumulation; Forsythia suspensa is rich in components such as forsythoside and phenolic acids, which can promote the growth and development of plants, and also contains certain amounts of trace elements and amino acids and other nutritional components, promoting tillering and development of rice. The traditional Chinese medicine components of this invention have the functions of antibacterial, root-promoting and stress-resistant, can form a biological prevention and control barrier, reduce the dependence on pesticides, enhance the physiological activity of rice, and improve the yield and quality of rice.

[0032] The fungal mushroom bran includes Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom bran and Flammulina velutipes mushroom bran. Among them, Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom bran is rich in lignocellulose degradation products, organic matter, and macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and various trace elements. Flammulina velutipes mushroom bran is rich in chitin degradation products (such as chitosan oligosaccharides) and other substances. After being fermented by the microbial inoculum, macromolecular substances are converted into small-molecular substances, providing an essential material basis for the growth of rice, meeting its nutritional needs, promoting the growth and development of plants, and improving the quality of rice.

[0033] The plant growth regulator is DTA-6, which can regulate the growth and development process of crops, and has the effects of stable production and yield increase, quality improvement, and enhanced stress resistance of crops.

[0034] The microbial inoculant includes Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia sp., and Saccharomyces. This microbial inoculant can ferment and decompose fungal bran and traditional Chinese medicine residues, converting them into small molecular components that can be absorbed and utilized by rice. In addition, it can also be leached out with water. By spraying it on rice, it enters the soil. Bacillus megaterium has the ability to dissolve phosphorus and potassium, and can decompose insoluble phosphorus and potassium compounds in the soil, converting them into soluble phosphorus and potassium ions that can be absorbed by plants, improving the availability of phosphorus and potassium elements in the soil, increasing soil nutrient supply, and meeting the phosphorus and potassium requirements for rice growth. Serratia sp. can produce various extracellular enzymes, such as protease, amylase, etc., and participate in the decomposition and transformation of organic matter in the soil, decomposing complex organic matter into simple compounds and releasing nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for rice to absorb and utilize. Pseudomonas putida can change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase soil aeration and water retention, and is beneficial to the growth and development of rice roots. When Saccharomyces decomposes organic matter in the soil, it produces carbon dioxide and water, and at the same time releases heat, which helps to increase soil temperature and promote the growth of rice roots. In addition, its metabolites can improve the physical structure of the soil, make soil particles more loose, increase soil aeration and water retention, further improve the rice growth environment, and improve rice quality.

[0035] In the following examples of the present invention, Bacillus megaterium was purchased from Guangzhou Zhenwei Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd., Pseudomonas putida was ATCC49128, Serratia sp. was purchased from Rech Biotechnology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., and Saccharomyces was purchased from Jiangsu Caiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The above strains were used after activation culture and scale-up culture.

[0036] In the following examples of the present invention, the reagents and materials involved, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available products in the art and can be purchased through conventional channels; in the following examples of the present invention, the test methods involved, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods in the art.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This example provides a combined preparation capable of improving rice quality, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0039] Angelica sinensis 20 parts, Paeonia lactiflora 15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 30 parts, Forsythia suspensa 15 parts, Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate 120 parts, Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate 40 parts, microbial inoculant 1 part, ammonium nitrate 20 parts, potassium nitrate 30 parts, ammonium molybdate 3 parts, DTA-6 4 parts, zinc sulfate 100 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 120 parts. Among them, the microbial inoculant is composed of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the concentration ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 5:5:8:4, and the total cell concentration is 10 10 CFU / g.

[0040] The preparation method of the combined preparation is as follows:

[0041] (1) Mix Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala and Forsythia suspensa, crush them to a particle size of about 80-200 mesh, add 10 times the mass of water and decoct for 3 times, 2 hours each time. Combine the decoction liquid and collect the medicinal residues;

[0042] (2) Mix Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate, Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate and the medicinal residues collected in step (1), after high-temperature sterilization, adjust the humidity to 42%, inoculate with the microbial inoculant, and ferment at 42°C for 5 days; Mix the fermented material with water according to a mass ratio of 1:120, stir at 200 rpm for 0.5 h, and then filter to obtain the fermentation broth;

[0043] (3) Combine the obtained decoction liquid and fermentation broth, add ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, DTA-6, zinc sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and mix evenly to obtain the combined preparation.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This example provides a combined preparation capable of improving the quality of rice, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0046] Angelica sinensis 25 parts, Paeonia lactiflora 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 50 parts, Forsythia suspensa 15 parts, Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate 100 parts, Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate 50 parts, microbial inoculant 2 parts, ammonium nitrate 25 parts, potassium nitrate 40 parts, ammonium molybdate 4 parts, DTA-6 3 parts, zinc sulfate 80 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100 parts. Among them, the microbial inoculant is composed of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the concentration ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 4:4:9:5, and the total cell concentration is 10 12 CFU / g.

[0047] The preparation method of the combined preparation is as follows:

[0048] (1) Mix Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala and Forsythia suspensa, crush them to a particle size of about 80-200 mesh, add 10 times the mass of water and decoct for 3 times, 2 hours each time. Combine the decoction liquid and collect the medicinal residues;

[0049] (2) Mix the Pleurotus ostreatus residue, Flammulina velutipes residue and the medicinal residues collected in step (1). After high-temperature sterilization, adjust the humidity to 40%, inoculate with a microbial inoculant, and ferment at 40 °C for 7 days. Mix the fermented material with water at a mass ratio of 1:140, stir at 100 rpm for 1 h, and then filter to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0050] (3) Combine the obtained decoction and fermentation broth, add ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, DTA-6, zinc sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and mix evenly to obtain a combined preparation.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] This example provides a combined preparation capable of improving the quality of rice, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0053] 30 parts of Angelica sinensis, 10 parts of Paeonia lactiflora, 40 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 20 parts of Forsythia suspensa, 90 parts of Pleurotus ostreatus residue, 60 parts of Flammulina velutipes residue, 1.5 parts of microbial inoculant, 15 parts of ammonium nitrate, 35 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of DTA-6, 90 parts of zinc sulfate, and 110 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Among them, the microbial inoculant is a combination of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the concentration ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 5:5:7:5, and the total cell concentration is 10 11 CFU / g.

[0054] The preparation method of this combined preparation is as follows:

[0055] (1) Mix Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala and Forsythia suspensa, crush them to a particle size of about 80-200 mesh, add 10 times the mass of water and decoct for 3 times, 2 h each time. Combine the decoction and collect the medicinal residues;

[0056] (2) Mix the Pleurotus ostreatus residue, Flammulina velutipes residue and the medicinal residues collected in step (1). After high-temperature sterilization, adjust the humidity to 40%, inoculate with a microbial inoculant, and ferment at 38 °C for 8 days. Mix the fermented material with water at a mass ratio of 1:150, stir at 100 rpm for 1 h, and then filter to obtain a fermentation broth;

[0057] (3) Combine the obtained decoction and fermentation broth, add ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, DTA-6, zinc sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and mix evenly to obtain a combined preparation.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is only that Angelica sinensis is replaced with an equal amount of Astragalus membranaceus, and Paeonia lactiflora is replaced with an equal amount of Panax ginseng.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is only that Atractylodes macrocephala is omitted.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is only that Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate is replaced with an equal amount of Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate.

[0064] Comparative Example 4

[0065] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is only that Serratia is replaced with an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis.

[0066] Comparative Example 5

[0067] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is only that the preparation method is modified as follows:

[0068] (1) Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Atractylodes macrocephala and Forsythia suspensa are mixed and pulverized to a particle size of about 80 - 200 mesh, then added with 10 times the mass of water and decocted 3 times, 2 h each time. The decoction liquids are combined and the medicinal residues are collected;

[0069] (2) Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate, Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate and the medicinal residues collected in step (1) are mixed, sterilized at high temperature, and then mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:140. After stirring at 100 rpm for 1 h, filtration is carried out to obtain an extraction solution;

[0070] (3) The obtained decoction liquid and extraction solution are combined, and microbial inoculant, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, DTA - 6, zinc sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added and mixed evenly to obtain a combined preparation.

[0071] Test Example 1

[0072] Nanjing 46 is used as the test variety. Nine rice fields with the same area and fertility are selected, and rice is sown in each test field respectively, with a seeding rate of 4 kg / mu. After sowing, the nine test fields are managed in the same way. At the tillering stage of rice, a 1200 - fold dilution of the combined preparations of Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 5 is applied by foliar spraying, with a spraying amount of 20 mL / plant; at the booting stage, a 600 - fold dilution of the combined preparations of Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 5 is applied by foliar spraying, with a spraying amount of 20 mL / plant. At the same time, a blank control group is set up, and the same amount of sterile water is sprayed.

[0073] After the rice is mature, the paddy is harvested. After the paddy is dried in a ventilated and shaded place, the carbohydrate content, protein content and niacin content in the paddy are detected; the dried paddy is processed into polished rice by a rice milling machine, the head rice rate is counted, and the polished rice is cooked into rice, and the comprehensive taste value of the rice in each group is detected by a rice taste meter. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 Detection results of rice quality in each group

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] The protein content of rice has a significant impact on its eating quality. Rice with a protein content in the range of 6%-7% has better eating quality, while rice with a higher protein content (exceeding 9%) often has hard cooked rice and poor taste.

[0078] As can be seen from Table 1, the combined preparations of Examples 1-3 can significantly improve the quality of rice grains of rice and increase the taste value. Compared with the blank control group, the carbohydrate content, protein content, and niacin content of the rice grains in the groups of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 increased, the comprehensive taste value increased significantly, and the milled rice rate increased, indicating that the quality of rice has been improved. Among them, the improvement effect of the rice quality in the groups of Examples 1-3 is better than that in Comparative Examples 1-5, and the best is the group of Example 2. It shows that the combined preparation of the present invention has the effect of improving the quality of rice. In contrast, in Comparative Example 1, the traditional Chinese medicine components in the combined preparation were changed, Atractylodes macrocephala was omitted in Comparative Example 2, Flammulina velutipes mushroom bran was omitted in Comparative Example 3, the microbial inoculant was changed in Comparative Example 4, the preparation method of the combined preparation was changed in Comparative Example 5, and the process of material fermentation was omitted, and its improvement effect on the quality of rice is relatively low. It shows that the combined preparation of the present invention exerts its effects synergistically through specific traditional Chinese medicine components, fungal mushroom bran, microbial inoculants and other raw materials, and is combined with a specific preparation method to bring the efficacy of each raw material into full play, so as to achieve the effect of significantly improving the quality of rice.

[0079] Test Example 2

[0080] Taking Nanjing 5055 as the test variety. Select 9 rice fields with the same area and fertility, sow rice in each test field respectively, the seeding rate is 4 kg / mu, and the 9 test fields are managed in the same way after sowing. At the tillering stage of rice, a 1000-fold dilution of the combined preparations of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 was applied by foliar spraying, and the spraying amount was 20 mL / plant; at the booting stage, a 500-fold dilution of the combined preparations of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 was applied by foliar spraying, and the spraying amount was 20 mL / plant. At the same time, a blank control group was set up, and the same amount of sterile water was sprayed.

[0081] After the rice is mature, the paddy is harvested. After the paddy is dried in a ventilated and shaded place, the carbohydrate content, protein content, and niacin content in the paddy are detected; the dried paddy is processed into milled rice by a rice milling machine, the milled rice rate is counted, the milled rice is steamed into cooked rice, and the comprehensive taste value of the cooked rice in each group is detected by a rice taste meter. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2 Detection results of the quality of rice in each group

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 2, the combined preparations of Examples 1-3 can significantly improve the quality of rice grains and increase the taste value. Compared with the blank control group, the carbohydrate content, protein content, and niacin content of the rice grains in the groups of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 increased, the comprehensive taste value increased significantly, and the milled rice rate increased, indicating that the quality of rice was improved. Among them, the improvement effect of the rice quality in the groups of Examples 1-3 was better than that in Comparative Examples 1-5, and the group of Example 2 was the best. It shows that the combined preparation of the present invention has the effect of improving the quality of rice. In contrast, in Comparative Example 1, the traditional Chinese medicine components in the combined preparation were changed, Atractylodes macrocephala was omitted in Comparative Example 2, Flammulina velutipes mushroom bran was omitted in Comparative Example 3, the microbial inoculum was changed in Comparative Example 4, and the preparation method of the combined preparation was changed in Comparative Example 5, omitting the material fermentation process, and its improvement effect on rice quality was lower. It shows that the combined preparation of the present invention exerts its effects synergistically through specific traditional Chinese medicine components, fungal mushroom bran, microbial inoculum and other raw materials, and is combined with a specific preparation method to bring the efficacy of each raw material to the best level, so as to achieve the effect of significantly improving the quality of rice.

[0085] The above results show that the combined preparation of the present invention can be applied to different rice varieties and can play a role in improving the quality of rice.

[0086] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined preparation for improving rice quality, characterized in that, It comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 - 30 parts of Angelica sinensis, 10 - 15 parts of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., 30 - 50 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., 15 - 20 parts of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl., 90 - 120 parts of Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate, 40 - 60 parts of Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate, 1 - 2 parts of microbial inoculum, 15 - 25 parts of ammonium nitrate, 30 - 40 parts of potassium nitrate, 3 - 5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 3 - 5 parts of DTA-6, 80 - 100 parts of zinc sulfate, and 100 - 120 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The microbial inoculum is composed of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

2. The combination preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the microbial inoculum, the cell concentration ratio of Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Serratia marcescens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 4 - 5:4 - 5:7 - 9:4 - 5.

3. The combination preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total bacterial concentration of the microbial inoculum is 10 10 -10 12 CFU / g.

4. A method for preparing the combined preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Mix Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., and Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl., add water for decoction to obtain a decoction and medicinal residues; (2) Mix Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate, Flammulina velutipes spent mushroom substrate, and the medicinal residues, sterilize, inoculate with the microbial inoculum, and ferment; extract the fermented material with water to obtain a fermentation broth; (3) Mix the decoction, the fermentation broth, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, DTA-6, zinc sulfate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain the combined preparation.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water addition amount during decoction is 8 - 10 times the total mass of Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., and Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl.; the number of decoction times is 3 times, 2 h each time.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein The fermentation temperature is 38 - 42 °C, and the time is 5 - 8 days.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extraction process is to mix the fermented material with water at a mass ratio of 1:120 - 150, stir at 100 rpm for 1 - 2 h, and then filter.

8. Use of the combined preparation according to any one of claims 1-3 in improving the quality of rice, characterized in that, The rice quality includes the carbohydrate content, protein content, niacin content, comprehensive taste value, and milled rice rate of rice.

9. A method for improving the quality of rice, characterized in that, Spray the dilution of the combined preparation according to any one of claims 1 - 3 during the tillering stage and booting stage of rice respectively.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Spray the 1000 - 1500 - fold dilution of the combined preparation during the tillering stage; spray the 500 - 800 - fold dilution of the combined preparation during the booting stage.

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