Magnet coil monitoring method and system

Abstract

The application provides a kind of magnet coil monitoring method and system, wherein the monitoring method comprises: in the process of discharging circuit of magnet coil every time pulse discharge, the first voltage signal and the first current signal of pulse discharge are acquired;First voltage signal and first current signal are phase aligned, and second voltage signal and second current signal after phase alignment are obtained;The impedance of magnet coil is calculated when each pulse discharge using second voltage signal and second current signal;The loss factor variation characteristic of magnet coil is determined based on the impedance of at least two pulse discharges;Magnet coil is monitored based on loss factor variation characteristic.In the transient pulse discharge mode of the magnet coil of nuclear fusion device, by phase alignment of current and voltage, and using the current and voltage after phase alignment to calculate the loss factor variation characteristic in at least two pulse discharge processes, the aging / failure development trend of magnet coil is accurately, quickly and intuitively monitored, to give early warning in advance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of controlled nuclear fusion technology, and in particular to a magnet coil monitoring method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear fusion magnet coils are characterized by their ability to carry large currents, withstand strong electromagnetic forces, and withstand high ambient magnetic field strength. However, due to multiple factors such as overcurrent, overtemperature, electromagnetic forces, and material aging during use, they will gradually age and fail with increasing service life and number of applications. Therefore, it is essential to conduct online monitoring of nuclear fusion magnet coils to promptly detect fault data and prevent insulation failures and equipment damage caused by the accumulation of aging factors.

[0003] Due to the unique structure and working environment of nuclear fusion magnet coils, it is impossible to monitor or compare a single branch of the coil. Furthermore, the strong magnetic field around the coil can interfere with the measuring instruments. Therefore, it is difficult to monitor the inside or surface of the coil. The results obtained by direct measurement in the vicinity are severely affected by the strong magnetic field, making it impossible to obtain accurate monitoring results.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively and accurately monitor the transient pulse discharge mode of the magnet coil in a nuclear fusion device has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for monitoring magnet coils, which solves the existing technical problem of how to effectively and accurately monitor the transient pulse discharge mode of magnet coils in nuclear fusion devices.

[0006] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a magnet coil monitoring method is provided, comprising: acquiring a first voltage signal and a first current signal during each pulse discharge of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil; aligning the first voltage signal and the first current signal in phase to obtain a second voltage signal and a second current signal after phase alignment; calculating the impedance of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil during each pulse discharge using the second voltage signal and the second current signal; determining the loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil based on the impedance during at least two pulse discharges; and monitoring the magnet coil based on the loss factor variation characteristics.

[0007] In one embodiment, the phase alignment of the first voltage signal and the first current signal includes: calculating the phase difference between the first voltage signal and the first current signal; and aligning the first voltage signal and the first current signal based on the phase difference.

[0008] In one embodiment, calculating the phase difference between the first voltage signal and the first current signal includes: segmenting one of the first voltage signal and / or the first current signal using a sampling frequency and a pulse discharge main frequency; calculating a cross-correlation sequence for each signal segment; determining the peak position of each cross-correlation sequence; and fitting the peak position within the domain of the peak position to obtain the phase difference.

[0009] In one embodiment, the vertex position fitting within the domain of the peak position includes: performing parabolic fitting on the domain of the peak position of each signal segment, using the vertex of the fitted parabola as the time delay corresponding to the current signal segment; calculating the median of the time delays corresponding to all signal segments to obtain the phase difference.

[0010] In one embodiment, aligning the first voltage signal and the first current signal based on the phase difference includes: cyclically shifting the first voltage signal or the first current signal according to the phase difference, aligning the first voltage signal and the first current signal in phase to obtain the phase-aligned second voltage signal and the second current signal; and interpolating and filling the boundaries of the second voltage signal or the second current signal.

[0011] In one embodiment, before determining the loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil based on the impedance during at least two pulse discharges, the method includes performing a moving average filter on the impedance.

[0012] In one embodiment, monitoring the magnet coil based on the loss factor variation characteristics includes: calculating the loss factor variation rate between different pulse discharges; and outputting an alarm signal when the loss factor variation rate is greater than a preset variation rate.

[0013] In one embodiment, calculating the rate of change of the loss factor between different pulse discharge processes includes: obtaining the loss factor in the first N pulse discharge processes as a standard loss factor, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; calculating the difference between the loss factor in each pulse discharge process and the standard loss factor; and calculating the ratio of the difference to the standard value as the rate of change of the loss factor.

[0014] According to a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a magnet coil monitoring system, comprising: a voltage acquisition module for acquiring a first voltage signal during the pulse discharge process of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil; a current acquisition module for acquiring a first current signal during the pulse discharge process of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil; and a data processing module for receiving the first voltage signal and the first current signal, and executing the magnet coil monitoring method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0015] In one embodiment, the voltage acquisition module includes: a voltage divider circuit and a first isolation differential amplifier connected to the output of the voltage divider circuit, wherein the first isolation differential amplifier is used to suppress common-mode interference of the first voltage signal; the current acquisition module includes a shunt and a second isolation differential amplifier connected to the output of the shunt, wherein the isolation differential amplifier is used to suppress common-mode interference of the first current signal; the data processing module includes a data acquisition unit for converting the first current signal and the first voltage signal into corresponding digital signals.

[0016] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In this application, a first voltage signal and a first current signal of the pulsed discharge are acquired during each pulsed discharge of the magnet coil by the pulsed power supply. Since there is a phase difference between the current and voltage in the magnet coil circuit during transient pulsed discharge, the first voltage signal and the first current signal are phase-aligned to obtain a phase-aligned second voltage signal and a second current signal. The impedance of the magnet coil during each pulsed discharge is calculated using the phase-aligned second voltage signal and the second current signal. The loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil are determined based on the impedance during at least two pulsed discharges. The magnet coil is monitored based on the loss factor variation characteristics. This allows for accurate, rapid, and intuitive monitoring of the aging / fault development trend in the magnet coil discharge circuit during the transient pulsed discharge mode of a nuclear fusion device. By aligning the phase of the acquired pulsed discharge current and voltage, and calculating the loss factor variation characteristics during at least two pulsed discharge processes using the phase-aligned current and voltage, early warnings can be provided before major faults occur.

[0018] Furthermore, the difference between the loss factor in the current pulse discharge process and the loss factor in the previous N pulse discharge processes is calculated. Using the same measurement parameters, the tanδ curve of the loss factor obtained in subsequent pulse discharge processes is compared with it to obtain the loss factor change rate curve. The loss factor change rate is a relative degree of change (i.e., the percentage of the difference between the current loss factor and the standard loss factor to the standard loss factor), which can correlate the absolute difference with the original standard value, amplifying small changes. It is also independent of the original value of the loss factor. Regardless of whether the loss factor itself is large or small, the loss factor change rate can fairly measure the severity of its change. In the early stages of equipment aging or failure, the change in the loss factor is often small and not easily detected directly. However, the loss factor change rate can highlight this small relative change, enabling early detection of abnormal trends. By utilizing the sensitivity of the change rate to early small changes, and avoiding the neglect of small absolute differences, early warning can be achieved, preventing the failure from escalating.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a magnet coil monitoring method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the monitoring effect of two magnet coil monitoring methods in this application according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a magnet coil monitoring system according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a magnet coil monitoring device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a data processing module of a magnet coil monitoring system according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0027] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In some related technologies, methods exist for monitoring the state of inductors. For example, in the field of power grid technology, there are methods for monitoring hollow inductors, such as temperature field monitoring, equivalent inductance monitoring, equivalent impedance monitoring, distributed magnetic field monitoring, time-domain current monitoring, and current harmonic monitoring. However, when the applicant uses inductor state monitoring methods to detect the magnet coils in a nuclear fusion device, accurate monitoring is difficult. The applicant's research found that methods for monitoring hollow inductors in the field of power grid technology are often based on steady-state data. However, the pulse discharge process of the magnet coils in a nuclear fusion device is transient, with the current reaching its peak and decaying rapidly in a very short time. Electrical parameters change rapidly and with large amplitude. Furthermore, during the transient pulse discharge process, there are fundamental differences between the hollow inductors in the power grid and those in the steady-state state in terms of frequency characteristics, load type, signal form, and energy conversion. This makes it impossible for existing steady-state monitoring methods to accurately capture fault parameters in the magnet coils. Taking the equivalent impedance monitoring method as an example, accurate monitoring of air-core inductors in the power grid technology field is difficult to achieve compared to accurate monitoring of magnet coils. This is because in the power grid, the frequency is fixed, and the inductance is often linear, thus its impedance is fixed or can be accurately calculated using current and voltage. Therefore, accurate monitoring is possible when all monitoring parameters are in a steady state. However, the inductance of a magnet coil is highly nonlinear, its frequency is transient, and its reactance is dynamic. Therefore, accurate monitoring using steady-state monitoring methods in the power grid technology field is difficult.

[0030] Furthermore, when directly monitoring and comparing the discharge circuit impedance and inductance of the magnet coil, minute changes, influenced by factors such as instrument errors and electromagnetic interference, are often only detected when drastic changes occur, such as direct failure of the magnet coil. This prevents early warning before a coil accident. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately monitor the magnet coils of nuclear fusion devices using steady-state monitoring methods from the power grid technology field.

[0031] Based on this, this application provides a magnet coil monitoring method, applicable to online monitoring of magnet coils in nuclear fusion devices under transient pulse discharge mode, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the magnet coil monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0032] S101. During each pulse discharge in the discharge circuit of the magnet coil, the first voltage signal and the first current signal of the pulse discharge are acquired. Nuclear fusion devices often use energy storage devices to pulse discharge the magnet coil. For example, a capacitor module can be used to perform transient pulse discharge on the magnet coil. The magnet coil operates in pulse discharge mode. Before pulse discharge, the coil can be charged with an external power supply. After charging is complete, according to the discharge control command, the main circuit power switch is closed for a certain period of time, and the energy storage device discharges the magnet coil. The instantaneous voltage value of the discharge voltage of the energy storage device and the instantaneous current value on the magnet coil during the pulse discharge are obtained through a voltage and current measurement system and used as the first voltage signal and the first current signal, respectively. In this embodiment, the acquired first current signal and first voltage signal are time-domain data during the pulse discharge process, and these first current signal and first voltage signal have transient and aperiodic characteristics. Because of this characteristic, there is a phase difference between the first current signal and the first voltage signal during the pulse discharge process. Moreover, this phase difference is not fixed but changes dynamically in the discharge device. Therefore, directly using the current data and voltage data for monitoring by the magnet coil will result in a large error in the monitoring results. Based on this, step S102 is executed.

[0033] S102. The first voltage signal and the first current signal are phase-aligned to obtain a phase-aligned second voltage signal and a second current signal. Since there is a phase difference between the first current signal and the first voltage signal, phase alignment is required when using the first current signal and the first voltage signal for magnet coil monitoring. In this embodiment, the phase alignment method can be phase compensation. For example, a short-time Fourier transform is performed on the acquired signal to extract the phase difference of each frequency component, and the phase difference is compensated using an all-pass filter. Online adaptive compensation can also be performed using a minimum mean square error algorithm. Alternatively, the time-domain data of the first current signal and the first voltage signal can be analyzed in the frequency domain to calculate the phase difference, and then shifted according to the phase difference to align the phases of the first voltage signal and the first current signal, resulting in a phase-aligned second voltage signal and a second current signal.

[0034] S103. Calculate the impedance of the magnet coil during each pulse discharge using the second voltage signal and the second current signal. In this embodiment, the total line impedance is obtained according to impedance Z = Uc / Ic, where Uc is the second voltage signal after phase alignment, Ic is the second current signal after phase alignment, and Z is the total impedance in the magnet coil discharge circuit. The total impedance Z = R + jX, where R is the equivalent resistance of the discharge circuit, i.e., the real part of the impedance. The equivalent resistance R includes the internal resistance of the capacitor module, the line resistance, and the magnet coil resistance. This value can be obtained through individual unit testing before assembling the magnet coil discharge circuit. X is the impedance reactance component, i.e., the imaginary part of the impedance.

[0035] S104. Determine the loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil based on the impedance during at least two pulse discharges. In this embodiment, the loss factor variation characteristics can be the difference in loss factor during different pulse discharges, or the rate of change of loss factor during different pulse discharges.

[0036] S105. Monitor the magnet coil based on the loss factor variation characteristics.

[0037] The ratio of the real to the imaginary part of the impedance is defined as the loss factor, tanδ = R / X. Here, R is the real part of the impedance, i.e., the equivalent resistance of the discharge circuit, and X is the impedance reactance component, i.e., the imaginary part of the impedance. The impedance reactance component consists of the bus capacitance and capacitive reactance and the magnet coil inductive reactance, and can be obtained from the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] After obtaining the real and imaginary parts of the impedance, the loss factor in the current pulse discharge process is obtained by the ratio of the real and imaginary parts. When the magnet discharge circuit gradually ages with the years and number of uses, and faults such as the decrease in capacitance or the increase in circuit resistance and decrease in inductance caused by magnet coil failure will occur, the loss factor will change. Therefore, the magnet coil is monitored in real time by monitoring the change characteristics of the loss factor at least twice.

[0040] In this application, a first voltage signal and a first current signal are acquired during each pulse discharge of the magnet coil by a pulsed power supply. Since there is a phase difference between the current and voltage in the magnet coil circuit during transient pulse discharge, the first voltage signal and the first current signal are phase-aligned to obtain a phase-aligned second voltage signal and a second current signal. The impedance of the magnet coil during each pulse discharge is calculated using the phase-aligned second voltage signal and the second current signal. The loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil are determined based on the impedance during at least two pulse discharges. The magnet coil is monitored based on the loss factor variation characteristics. This allows for accurate, rapid, and intuitive monitoring of the aging / fault development trend in the magnet coil discharge circuit during the transient pulse discharge mode of a nuclear fusion device by aligning the phases of the current and voltage and calculating the loss factor variation characteristics during at least two pulse discharge processes, thus providing early warning before major faults occur.

[0041] As the magnet discharge circuit ages with use and frequency, faults such as decreased capacitance or increased circuit resistance and decreased inductance due to magnet coil failure can cause changes in the loss factor. However, since magnet coil discharge is a transient pulse discharge, the absolute value of each monitored change in loss factor may be small. By the time a large change in the absolute value of the loss factor is detected, the magnet coil circuit has often already experienced component failure. Therefore, directly monitoring the difference in loss factor between different pulse discharge processes may not be accurate enough to provide early warning before major faults occur. Therefore, to improve the accuracy and foresight of monitoring, this embodiment acquires the difference in loss factor between different pulse discharge processes; calculates the rate of change of the loss factor based on the difference; and outputs an alarm signal when the rate of change exceeds a preset rate of change.

[0042] In this embodiment, when calculating the loss difference, the difference between the loss factor in the current pulse discharge process and the loss factor in the previous N pulse discharge processes can be calculated, where N is greater than or equal to 1. For example, the loss factor curve obtained from the initial discharge test of the magnet coil circuit can be used as the standard value Tanδ. For instance, the loss factor obtained from the first pulse discharge process can be used as the standard value Tanδ, or the loss factors from the first 5 or 10 discharges can be used as the standard value Tanδ. Using the same measurement parameters, the loss factor curve tanδ obtained from subsequent pulse discharge processes is compared with it, and the rate of change of each measured value Δtanδ is monitored. Δtanδ = (Tanδ - tanδ) / Tanδ * 100%, thus obtaining the loss factor change rate curve.

[0043] The rate of change of the loss factor is a relative measure of change (i.e., the percentage of the difference between the current loss factor and the standard loss factor relative to the standard loss factor). It correlates the absolute difference with the original standard value, amplifying minute changes. Furthermore, it is independent of the original value of the loss factor. Regardless of the size of the loss factor itself, the rate of change fairly measures the severity of its change. In the early stages of equipment aging or failure, changes in the loss factor are often small and not easily detected directly. However, the rate of change of the loss factor can highlight these minute relative changes, enabling early detection of abnormal trends. For example, a warning signal can be output when the maximum rate of change of the loss factor is 5%. In this embodiment, the sensitivity of the rate of change to early, minute changes is utilized to avoid overlooking small absolute differences, thereby achieving early warning and preventing the failure from escalating. For details, please refer to... Figure 2 The diagram shows the detection results using the rate of change of the loss factor and the difference in the loss factor. Here, tanδ1 is the first loss factor, tanδ2 is the second loss factor, Δtanδ1 is the rate of change between the first loss factor and the standard loss factor Tanδ, and Δtanδ2 is the rate of change between the second loss factor and the standard loss factor Tanδ. It can be seen that, from time A to H, the rate of change of the loss factor can amplify even small changes in the loss factor, enabling the early detection of abnormal trends.

[0044] In another embodiment, when calculating the rate of change of the loss factor, the rate of change of the loss factor can be calculated based on the difference between the current loss factor and the previous N loss factors.

[0045] In one embodiment, aligning the phase of the first voltage signal and the first current signal includes:

[0046] Calculate the phase difference between the first voltage signal and the first current signal. In this embodiment, because the magnet coil circuit is in transient pulse discharge form during pulse discharge, its discharge waveform is non-sinusoidal, and the frequency change range changes instantaneously from DC to high frequency. Furthermore, factors such as the nonlinear characteristics of the inductance and capacitance in the circuit cause the phase difference between the first current signal and the first voltage signal to be not fixed, but dynamically changing with the discharge. Therefore, in this embodiment, when calculating the phase difference, the acquired first voltage signal and / or first current signal can be segmented, and the segmented voltage and current signals can be cross-correlated and parabolic fitted to calculate the phase difference between the first voltage signal and the first current signal. For example, either the first voltage signal or the first current signal can be segmented. In this embodiment, segmenting the first current signal can be used as an example:

[0047] The first current signal is segmented using the sampling frequency and the main pulse discharge frequency. The length of each segment is dynamically set according to the main pulse discharge frequency.

[0048] L segment =max(round(f main / F s ),t)

[0049] Fs is the data sampling rate, fmain is the transient pulse frequency, and t is the minimum length set according to the size of the test data.

[0050] Calculate the cross-correlation sequence between the current signal and the first voltage signal for each current signal segment. The following formula can be used for calculation:

[0051] Calculate the cross-correlation sequence for each signal segment:

[0052]

[0053] Where V[n] is the value of the voltage signal at the nth sampling point. I[n+k] is the value of the first current signal at the (n+k)th sampling point, and k is the time offset of the first current signal relative to the first voltage signal. L is the length of each signal segment.

[0054] The similarity between the first voltage signal and the first current signal at different time offsets k is measured. By traversing all possible time offsets k, the sum of the products of the first voltage signal and the first current signal at the corresponding positions is calculated. When the time offset k makes the waveforms of the first voltage signal and the first current signal best match, the peak position of each cross-correlation sequence can be determined, i.e., R0. V,I [k] is used to obtain the peak value, thereby determining the time delay relationship between the first voltage signal and the first current signal.

[0055] Peak position of cross-correlation calculation Due to limitations in the sampling interval, the accuracy may only reach the sampling period level. Therefore, to ensure the accuracy of the phase difference calculation, in this embodiment, vertex position fitting is performed within the domain of the peak position to obtain the phase difference. Specifically, the cross-correlation peak position can be determined, and then a secondary fitting can be performed near the peak position, i.e., within the domain of the peak position, to obtain the accurate peak position. For example, a parabolic fitting method can be used to obtain the vertex within the domain of the peak as the true peak position.

[0056] Specifically, we can use the parabola formula: R(k)=ak^2+bk+c, fit the data near the peak, and then apply the parabola vertex formula: k opt = -b / 2a, calculate the optimal delay. This is used to solve for subsampling precision delays and improve the granularity of time delay calculations.

[0057] After obtaining the subsampling precision time delay of each signal segment, the median of the time delay of all segments can be used as the phase difference.

[0058] After obtaining the phase difference, the first voltage signal and the first current signal are phase-aligned based on the phase difference. In this embodiment, the first current signal is cyclically shifted according to the phase difference to align the first current signal and the first voltage signal. The cyclic shift alignment can be performed using the following formula:

[0059] I corrected [n] = I[n + Δφ]

[0060] I[n] represents the value of the first current signal at the nth sampling point; Δφ represents the phase difference; I corrected[n] represents the value of the corrected second current signal at the nth sampling point. Interpolation is performed to fill the boundaries of the shifted second current signal. The first current signal is cyclically shifted according to the phase difference Δφ to align the first voltage signal with the first current signal in time (phase synchronization). Linear interpolation is used to fill the boundaries to avoid signal truncation or discontinuity caused by the shift, ensuring the integrity and physical meaning of the corrected signal.

[0061] After obtaining the phase-corrected second current signal and the second voltage signal, the total line impedance is calculated using the second current signal and the second voltage signal. However, since the acquired data may contain interference noise from instruments or the environment, to avoid drastic fluctuations when calculating the loss factor, the impedance value is filtered using the following formula with a moving average:

[0062]

[0063] Where Z_smooth[n] is the impedance value after the moving average filtering of the nth data point. W is the width of the sliding window, which determines the number of points participating in the averaging. Z[n+k] is the impedance value in the original impedance data, offset from n by k positions.

[0064] This application also provides a magnet coil monitoring system, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0065] The system includes a voltage acquisition module 100, a current acquisition module 200, and a data processing module 300. The voltage acquisition module 100 is used to acquire a first voltage signal during the pulse discharge process of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil, and the current acquisition module 200 is used to acquire a first current signal during the pulse discharge process of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil. The data processing module is used to receive the first voltage signal and the first current signal, and execute the magnet coil monitoring method described in the above embodiments.

[0066] Specifically, the voltage acquisition module 100 includes a voltage divider circuit and a first isolation differential amplifier connected to the output of the voltage divider circuit, wherein the first isolation differential amplifier is used to suppress common-mode interference of the first voltage signal; the current acquisition module 200 includes a shunt and a second isolation differential amplifier connected to the output of the shunt, wherein the isolation differential amplifier is used to suppress common-mode interference of the first current signal; and the data processing module includes a data acquisition unit for converting the first current signal and the first voltage signal into corresponding digital signals.

[0067] In this embodiment, the voltage divider circuit acquires the instantaneous output voltage value of the discharge circuit through resistor voltage division, and its output terminal is connected to the first isolation differential amplifier; the output terminal of the first isolation differential amplifier is connected to the data acquisition unit; after common-mode interference suppression of the first voltage signal through differential amplification, it is output according to the required ratio. The first isolation differential amplifier can be an opto-isolation amplifier. Its bandwidth is DC to 1MHz, which can meet the requirements of transient pulse data acquisition.

[0068] The shunt acquires the instantaneous value of the output current in the discharge circuit, and its output terminal is connected to the second isolation differential amplifier. The output terminal of the second isolation differential amplifier is connected to the data acquisition unit. After common-mode interference suppression by differential amplification of the first current signal, it is output according to the required ratio. The second isolation differential amplifier can be an opto-isolated amplifier. Its bandwidth is DC to 1MHz, which can meet the requirements of transient pulse data acquisition.

[0069] The first and second isolation differential amplifiers use well-grounded metal housings to cope with the complex electromagnetic environment in the field.

[0070] By employing differential measurement and opto-isolation technologies and optimizing the position of the measurement sensor, interference from strong magnetic fields on the measurement results is avoided, ensuring the accuracy of monitoring data and the safety of backend equipment. At the same time, the amplitude of changes in circuit electrical parameters is amplified, allowing for timely detection of anomalies when small changes occur in the electrical parameters of the magnet coil, thus improving the sensitivity of monitoring.

[0071] Data Acquisition Unit: Receives the first voltage signal and the first current signal acquired by the voltage acquisition module 100 and the current acquisition module 200, converts the analog signals into digital signals, and outputs them to the data processing module. The data acquisition unit has a sampling rate of over 10MHz, enabling it to capture rapid current and voltage changes during transient pulse discharge processes. The data acquisition unit is installed in a well-grounded shielded room.

[0072] This embodiment provides a magnet coil monitoring device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes:

[0073] The first acquisition module 401 is used to acquire the first voltage signal and the first current signal of the pulse discharge during each pulse discharge of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil.

[0074] Phase alignment module 402 is used to perform phase alignment on the first voltage signal and the first current signal to obtain a phase-aligned second voltage signal and a second current signal.

[0075] Impedance calculation module 403 is used to calculate the impedance of the magnet coil during each pulse discharge using the second voltage signal and the second current signal.

[0076] The loss factor calculation module 404 is used to determine the loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil based on the impedance during at least two pulse discharges.

[0077] The monitoring module 405 is used to monitor the magnet coil based on the loss factor variation characteristics.

[0078] It should be noted that the examples and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above embodiments.

[0079] It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the device, can be implemented in software or hardware, with the hardware environment including the network environment.

[0080] This invention also provides a data processing module, which can be a computer device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus. The processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus. The memory is used to store computer programs. The processor is used to execute the methods in any of the above embodiments by running the computer programs stored in the memory.

[0081] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of an optional computer device according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes a processor 10, a communication interface 20, a memory 30, and a communication bus 40. The processor 10, communication interface 20, and memory 30 communicate with each other via the communication bus 40.

[0082] Memory 30 is used to store computer programs;

[0083] When the processor 10 executes a computer program stored in the memory 30, it implements the method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0084] Optionally, in this embodiment, the communication bus can be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0085] The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned computer equipment and other devices.

[0086] The memory may include RAM, or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0087] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including but not limited to: CPU (Central Processing Unit), NP (Network Processor), etc.; they can also be DSP (Digital Signal Processor), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0088] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only. The device that implements any of the methods in the above embodiments can be a terminal device, such as a smartphone (e.g., an Android phone, an iOS phone), a tablet computer, a PDA, a mobile Internet device (MID), a PAD, or other terminal devices. Figure 5 This does not limit the structure of the aforementioned electronic device. For example, the terminal device may also include components that are more... Figure 5 The more or fewer components shown (such as network interfaces, display devices, etc.), or having the same Figure 5The different configurations shown.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing the hardware related to the terminal device. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: flash drive, ROM, RAM, disk or optical disk, etc.

[0091] As an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the method steps of any one of the embodiments in this application at runtime.

[0092] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium described above can be used to execute program code for the method steps of the embodiments of this application.

[0093] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be located on at least one of the network devices in the network shown in the above embodiment.

[0094] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium is configured to store methods for performing the above embodiments.

[0095] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0096] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, ROMs, RAMs, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0097] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0098] If the integrated units in the above embodiments are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause one or more computer devices (which may be personal computers, servers, or network devices, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments.

[0099] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed client can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or the indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0100] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution provided in this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0101] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0102] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0103] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring a magnet coil, characterized in that, include: During each pulse discharge in the discharge circuit of the magnet coil, the first voltage signal and the first current signal of the pulse discharge are acquired. The first voltage signal and the first current signal are phase-aligned to obtain a phase-aligned second voltage signal and a second current signal. The impedance of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil during each pulse discharge is calculated using the second voltage signal and the second current signal. The loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil are determined based on the impedance during at least two pulse discharges. The loss factor is the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the impedance. The loss factor variation characteristics include the rate of change of the loss factor during different pulse discharges. The method for calculating the rate of change of the loss factor includes: Obtain the loss factor during the first N pulse discharge processes as the standard loss factor, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Calculate the difference between the loss factor and the standard loss factor for each pulse discharge process; The ratio of the difference to the standard value is calculated as the rate of change of the loss factor; The magnet coil is monitored based on the loss factor variation characteristics.

2. The magnet coil monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of aligning the phases of the first voltage signal and the first current signal to obtain the phase-aligned second voltage signal and second current signal includes: Calculate the phase difference between the first voltage signal and the first current signal; The first voltage signal and the first current signal are phase-aligned based on the phase difference.

3. The magnet coil monitoring method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the phase difference between the first voltage signal and the first current signal includes: The first voltage signal and / or the first current signal are segmented using the sampling frequency and the pulse discharge main frequency; Calculate the cross-correlation sequence for each signal segment separately; Determine the peak position of each cross-correlation sequence; The phase difference is obtained by fitting the vertex position within the domain of the peak position.

4. The magnet coil monitoring method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of fitting the vertex position within the domain of the peak position includes: Parabolic fitting is performed on the domain of the peak position of each signal segment, and the vertex of the fitted parabola is taken as the time delay corresponding to the current signal segment. The median of the time delay corresponding to all signal segments is calculated to obtain the phase difference.

5. The magnet coil monitoring method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of aligning the first voltage signal and the first current signal based on the phase difference includes: The first voltage signal or the first current signal is cyclically shifted according to the phase difference, and the first voltage signal and the first current signal are phase aligned to obtain the phase-aligned second voltage signal and the second current signal. The boundaries of the second voltage signal or the second current signal are filled by interpolation.

6. The magnet coil monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the loss factor variation characteristics of the magnet coil based on the impedance during at least two pulse discharges, the following steps are included: The impedance is then subjected to moving average filtering.

7. The magnet coil monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring of the magnet coil based on the loss factor variation characteristics includes: Calculate the rate of change of loss factor between different pulse discharges; When the rate of change of the loss factor is greater than the preset rate of change, an alarm signal is output.

8. A magnet coil monitoring system, characterized in that, include: The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the first voltage signal during the pulse discharge process of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil; The current acquisition module is used to acquire the first current signal during the pulse discharge process of the discharge circuit of the magnet coil. as well as The data processing module is used to receive the first voltage signal and the first current signal, and to execute the magnet coil monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The magnet coil monitoring system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition module includes: a voltage divider circuit and a first isolation differential amplifier connected to the output section of the voltage divider circuit. The first isolation differential amplifier is used to suppress common-mode interference of the first voltage signal. The current acquisition module includes a shunt and a second isolation differential amplifier connected to the output of the shunt. The isolation differential amplifier is used to suppress common-mode interference of the first current signal. The data processing module includes a data acquisition unit for converting the first current signal and the first voltage signal into corresponding digital signals.

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