Pipeline leakage external detection system and detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to a pipeline leakage external detection system and a detection method. The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline leakage detection, and discloses a pipeline leakage detection system which collects leakage sound signals and normal pipeline environment sound signals through an acoustic sensor array, processes and analyzes the collected signals through a signal processing module, positions leakage positions through a sound source positioning technology and displays leakage information through images. And leakage information is transmitted to a big data cloud platform through a communication module, and alarm information is generated, so that related management personnel can perform remote monitoring, and workers can conveniently check and repair leakage positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipeline leakage detection, and is a pipeline leakage external detection system and detection method. Background Art

[0002] Pipeline leakage can cause serious environmental damage, safety accidents and economic losses. Oil or chemical leakage may pollute soil and water sources, destroying the ecosystem, while leakage of flammable gases such as natural gas may trigger explosions or fires, threatening the lives and property safety of surrounding residents; in addition, leakage of toxic gases will directly endanger human health, and pollution of water sources may also trigger public health incidents. In addition to the direct hazards, leakage will also cause economic losses such as waste of resources, high cleaning and repair costs, and production interruptions. It may even force residents to evacuate, affecting the normal social order. Therefore, it is necessary to detect and discover potential hazards in a timely manner in order to minimize risks.

[0003] At present, there are mainly three solutions for external pipeline leakage detection:

[0004] Pressure detection solution: The pressure change is monitored in real time through a pressure sensor installed on the pipeline. If the pipeline leaks, the pressure will fluctuate abnormally, thereby detecting pipeline leakage. However, this solution is easily interfered by external factors such as temperature changes and vibrations, with low accuracy, easy to produce false alarms, and is applicable to closed systems. The detection effect of open systems (such as drainage pipes) is not good.

[0005] Fiber optic sensing technology detection solution: A distributed fiber optic sensor is used to monitor pipeline vibration or temperature changes, thereby detecting pipeline leakage. However, the cost of the equipment is high, the requirements for construction quality are high, the installation is relatively complex, and at the same time, the optical fiber is easily damaged mechanically, and the later maintenance cost is high, resulting in inaccurate subsequent detection results.

[0006] Acoustic detection solution: This solution captures the sound information generated during pipeline leakage through a sound sensor, and the leakage noise is identified by the human ear. It has a certain degree of subjectivity, and at the same time, the results are not consistent, lacking an objective basis for judgment, unable to locate the specific leakage point, and can only rely on the experience of workers. It will be interfered by other factors such as their own emotions, thus affecting the recognition accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Existing solutions are all detection solutions for a single leakage point. The present invention is based on the signal detection of a sound sensor. The sound sensor can identify the specific frequency band acoustic wave signal generated by the fluid jet during pipeline leakage, and based on the analysis and processing of this noise signal, the specific location of the leakage point is searched and located. For this reason, the present invention provides a pipeline leakage external detection system and detection method.

[0008] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A movable mechanical device for detecting leaks based on acoustic sensors, the device comprising: a support assembly, fastening screws, an acoustic sensor support member, a sliding module, an acoustic sensor height positioning member, and a sliding guide rail;

[0010] The surface of the support assembly is provided with a sliding groove and a scale, for integrating and supporting the overall detection device;

[0011] The bottom of the support assembly is equipped with sliding wheels that cooperate with the guide rail for moving the overall detection device to facilitate finding the location of the leak point;

[0012] The sliding module matches the size of the sliding groove of the support assembly and is used to move the acoustic sensor support member along the pipeline direction;

[0013] The acoustic sensor support member is used to place the acoustic sensor array, and its surface is provided with a fastening groove for loading the fastening screws, and the fastening screws are pre-installed and removable inside the fastening groove;

[0014] The surface of the acoustic sensor height positioning member is provided with a scale and has a cavity with a width of 5 mm inside, for routing the cables of the acoustic sensors;

[0015] The surface of the sliding module is provided with a fastening groove for loading the fastening screws, and the fastening screws are removable inside the fastening groove for fixing the height of the acoustic sensor array.

[0016] An external pipeline leak detection system, the system comprising a movable mechanical device for detecting leaks based on acoustic sensors, the system comprising: a leak information acquisition module, a leak information correction module, a signal processing module, a big data cloud platform, and a leak alarm module;

[0017] The leak information acquisition module and the leak information correction module are connected to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected to the big data cloud platform and the leak alarm module.

[0018] Preferably, the leak information acquisition module adopts a movable mechanical device for detecting leaks based on acoustic sensors;

[0019] The number of acoustic sensors is autonomously adjusted according to the size of the pipeline, and the spacing d of the acoustic sensors is defined as:

[0020]

[0021] where k is a safety factor, f max is the highest frequency required for the system to detect leaks, c is the speed of sound in the medium, and the array spacing is calculated according to the requirements of different detection environments, so as to optimize the array structure of the acoustic sensors.

[0022] Preferably, the signal processing module includes a leakage detection unit, a CPU control unit, a power conversion unit, a communication unit, and a screen driving unit. The power conversion unit is used to supply power to the leakage detection unit, the communication unit, the screen driving unit, and the CPU control unit.

[0023] Preferably, the leakage detection unit converts the acoustic wave signal received by the acoustic sensor into an electrical signal, amplifies the signal through an amplification circuit, and then converts the existing analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and sends it to the CPU control unit;

[0024] The CPU control unit is used to process and analyze the signal sent by the leakage detection unit, and it includes a digital filtering module, an FFT module, and a signal detection and feature extraction module;

[0025] The digital filtering module is used to filter out the noise or high-frequency interference signals contained in the signal detected by the acoustic sensor, eliminate the redundant frequencies, use mean filtering to eliminate the background noise, and retain the effective acoustic wave features in the leakage signal;

[0026] The FFT module is used to convert the frequency characteristics of the collected acoustic wave signal from the time-domain signal to the frequency-domain signal, perform comparative analysis, and find the leakage point information;

[0027] The signal detection and feature extraction module is used to analyze the frequency-domain signal, extract the leakage-related frequency features from it, and at the same time detect the specific frequency peaks in the spectrum to identify the leakage signal;

[0028] The communication unit is used to transmit the leakage information generated by the CPU control unit to the big data cloud platform, and perform remote monitoring through the big data cloud platform and generate warning information;

[0029] The screen driving unit is used to display the leakage information in the form of an image.

[0030] Preferably, the big data cloud platform sends the warning information to the warning module, and the warning module is used to send the warning information to the client of the relevant management personnel. The client includes but is not limited to email, WeChat, and mobile phone, and the warning information sending methods include but are not limited to text messages, emails, WeChat, voice call interaction methods. It can also connect an external relay through an external large-scale audible and visual alarm interface to control an alarm with higher power for alarm.

[0031] The leakage alarm module is used to send the warning information to the client of the relevant management personnel.

[0032] A method for external detection of pipeline leakage, characterized in that: the method includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Collect pipeline environmental signals using an acoustic sensor;

[0034] Step 2: Extract the effective interval features of the sound signals of the leakage information correction module and the leakage information acquisition module respectively;

[0035] Step 3: Analyze the signal features using a processor and train the effective interval features of the extracted signals to obtain a sound recognition model;

[0036] Step 4: Extract the effective feature intervals of the sound signals collected by the leakage signal acquisition module through the processor and put them into the sound recognition model;

[0037] Step 5: Determine whether there is a leakage situation according to the recognition model. If not, directly display the result on the system;

[0038] Step 6: When there is a leakage situation, determine the location of the specific leakage point through the sound source localization technology, and store the detection result in the big data cloud platform through the communication module. By identifying the noise of the leakage source and analyzing the intensity of the noise, locate it to find the specific location of the leakage source, and specifically reflect the leakage situation through the detected leakage noise intensity;

[0039] Step 7: Edit an alarm message through the big data cloud platform and send it to the corresponding management personnel.

[0040] Preferably, the specific content of Step 2 is as follows:

[0041] Step 2.1: Perform a short-time Fourier transform on the sound signal to convert the audio signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, obtain the acoustic features of the sound signal. Compared with the pipeline without leakage, there will be an obvious characteristic peak in the leakage noise frequency range in the signals collected by the acoustic sensor detection array, so as to find the frequency range of the leakage noise and provide a basis for the subsequent signal recognition and localization;

[0042] Step 2.2: Subtract the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal correction module from the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal acquisition module to obtain the eigenvalue m, perform statistical analysis on it, and calculate the mean μ and standard deviation σ of its distribution;

[0043] Step 2.3: Set a threshold t. The initial threshold can be set as t = μ + kσ, where k is a multiple used to adjust the detection sensitivity. Select k = 3 and find the interval greater than t in m;

[0044] Step 2.4: Select the acoustic features in the interval as the effective interval features.

[0045] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, and the program is executed by a processor to implement a method for external detection of pipeline leakage.

[0046] A computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, a method for external detection of pipeline leakage is implemented.

[0047] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] By analyzing and processing the signals collected by the acoustic sensors, the specific location of the leakage point is obtained. The method for external detection of pipeline leakage includes the following steps: First, use the device to collect the pipeline sound signals in various environments, and separately extract the effective interval features of the sound signals of the leakage information correction module and the leakage information acquisition module. Then, send the effective interval of the sound signals into the processor for signal processing, and determine whether there is a leakage situation according to the recognition model, and determine the specific location of the leakage point according to the sound source localization technology. Through the communication module, store the detection results in the big data cloud platform and edit the warning information to send to the corresponding management personnel.

[0049] This application collects the leakage sound signals and the normal pipeline environment sound signals through an acoustic sensor array, processes and analyzes the collected signals through a signal processing module, locates the leakage position through the sound source localization technology, displays the leakage information through an image, and transmits the leakage information to the big data cloud platform through the communication module and generates warning information, enabling relevant management personnel to perform remote monitoring and facilitating the inspection and repair of the leakage position by the staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0051] Figure 1 It shows a schematic system structure diagram of the external pipeline leakage detection device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It shows a schematic structure diagram of the pipeline noise leakage localization detection device based on acoustic sensors of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 It shows a schematic system structure diagram of the signal processing module in the external pipeline leakage detection device of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the acoustic sensor linear array structure for leakage information detection of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the uniform planar array structure of the acoustic sensor for leakage information detection of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the non-uniform planar array structure of the acoustic sensor for leakage information detection of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 Flow chart of the leakage information detection method of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the detection result of the leakage detection device of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9 Contour map of the leakage noise intensity distribution detected by the leakage detection system of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the result of the leakage detection system of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0061] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0062] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Specific embodiment 1:

[0064] According to Figures 1 to 10 as shown, the specific optimized technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: The present invention relates to an external pipeline leakage detection system and a detection method.

[0065] The present invention provides a movable mechanical device for detecting leakage based on an acoustic sensor, and the device includes: a support assembly 1, a fastening screw 2, an acoustic sensor support member 3, a sliding module 4, an acoustic sensor height positioning member 5, and a sliding guide rail 7;

[0066] The surface of the support assembly 1 is provided with a sliding groove and a scale, and is used to integrate and support the overall detection device;

[0067] The bottom of the support assembly 1 is provided with sliding wheels 6 that cooperate with the guide rail, and is used for the movement of the overall detection device to facilitate the search for the leakage point location;

[0068] The sliding module 4 matches the size of the sliding groove of the support component 1 and is used to move the acoustic sensor support member 3 along the pipeline direction;

[0069] The acoustic sensor support member 3 is used to place the acoustic sensor array. Its surface is provided with fastening grooves for loading the fastening screws 2, and the fastening screws 2 that can be disassembled are pre-installed inside the fastening grooves;

[0070] The surface of the acoustic sensor height positioning member 5 is provided with a scale, and there is a cavity with a width of 5 mm inside for routing the cables of the acoustic sensors;

[0071] The surface of the sliding module 4 is provided with fastening grooves for loading the fastening screws 2, and there are detachable fastening screws inside the fastening grooves for fixing the height of the acoustic sensor array.

[0072] The present invention analyzes and processes the signals collected by the acoustic sensors, so as to obtain the specific position of the leakage point. The method for external detection of pipeline leakage includes the following steps: First, use the equipment to collect the pipeline sound signals in various environments, and respectively extract the effective interval features of the sound signals of the leakage information correction module and the leakage information acquisition module. Then, send the effective interval of the sound signal into the processor for signal processing, and judge whether there is a leakage situation according to the recognition model, and determine the specific position of the leakage point according to the sound source localization technology. Through the communication module, store the detection results in the big data cloud platform and edit the alarm information to send to the corresponding management personnel.

[0073] This application collects the leakage sound signals and normal pipeline environmental sound signals through the acoustic sensor array, processes and analyzes the collected signals through the signal processing module, locates the leakage position through the sound source localization technology, displays the leakage information through an image, and transmits the leakage information to the big data cloud platform through the communication module and generates an alarm information, enabling relevant management personnel to conduct remote monitoring and facilitating the staff to check and repair the leakage position. Specific Embodiment Two:

[0075] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment of this application is only that:

[0076] The present invention provides a pipeline leakage external detection system. The system adopts a movable mechanical device for detecting leakage based on acoustic sensors. The system includes: a leakage information acquisition module, a leakage information correction module, a signal processing module, a big data cloud platform, and a leakage alarm module;

[0077] The leakage information acquisition module and the leakage information correction module are connected to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected to the big data cloud platform and the leakage alarm module. Specific Embodiment Three:

[0079] The difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment of this application is only that:

[0080] The leakage information collection module adopts a movable mechanical device for detecting leakage based on an acoustic sensor;

[0081] The number of acoustic sensors is automatically adjusted according to the size of the pipeline. The spacing d between the acoustic sensors is defined as:

[0082]

[0083] where k is a safety factor, f max is the highest frequency required for the system to detect leakage, c is the speed of sound in the medium, and the array spacing is calculated according to the requirements of different detection environments, so as to optimize the array structure of the acoustic sensors. Specific Embodiment Four:

[0085] The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment of this application is only that:

[0086] The signal processing module includes a leakage detection unit, a CPU control unit, a power conversion unit, a communication unit, and a screen driving unit. The power conversion unit is used to supply power to the leakage detection unit, the communication unit, the screen driving unit, and the CPU control unit. Specific Embodiment Five:

[0088] The difference between the fifth embodiment and the fourth embodiment of this invention is only that:

[0089] The leakage detection unit converts the acoustic wave signal received by the acoustic sensor into an electrical signal, amplifies the signal through an amplification circuit, and then converts the existing analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and sends it to the CPU control unit;

[0090] The CPU control unit is used to process and analyze the signal sent by the leakage detection unit, and it includes a digital filtering module, an FFT module, and a signal detection and feature extraction module;

[0091] The digital filtering module is used to filter out the noise or high-frequency interference signals contained in the signal detected by the acoustic sensor, eliminate the redundant frequencies, use mean filtering to eliminate the background noise, and retain the effective acoustic wave features in the leakage signal;

[0092] The FFT module is used to convert the frequency characteristics of the collected acoustic wave signal from the time-domain signal to the frequency-domain signal, perform comparative analysis, and find the leakage point information;

[0093] The signal detection and feature extraction module is used to analyze the frequency-domain signal, extract the frequency features related to leakage from it, and at the same time detect the specific frequency peaks in the spectrum to identify the leakage signal;

[0094] The communication unit is used to transmit the leakage information generated by the CPU control unit to the big data cloud platform, and perform remote monitoring through the big data cloud platform and generate alarm information;

[0095] The screen driving unit is used to display the leakage information in the form of an image. Specific Embodiment Six:

[0097] The difference between the sixth embodiment of the present invention and the fifth embodiment is only that:

[0098] The big data cloud platform sends the alarm information to the alarm module, and the alarm module is used to send the alarm information to the client of relevant management personnel. The client includes but is not limited to email, WeChat, and mobile phone, and the alarm information sending methods include but are not limited to text messages, emails, WeChat, and voice call interaction methods. It is also possible to connect an external large-scale acoustic-optic alarm interface to an external relay to control an alarm with higher power for alarm. Specific Embodiment Seven:

[0100] The difference between the seventh embodiment of the present invention and the sixth embodiment is only that:

[0101] The present invention provides a method for external detection of pipeline leakage, and the method includes the following steps:

[0102] Step 1: Collect the pipeline environment signal with an acoustic sensor;

[0103] Step 2: Extract the effective interval features of the sound signals of the leakage information correction module and the leakage information collection module respectively;

[0104] Step 3: Analyze the signal features with a processor and train the effective interval features of the extracted signals to obtain a sound recognition model;

[0105] Step 4: Extract the effective feature interval of the sound signal collected by the leakage signal collection module through the processor and put it into the sound recognition model;

[0106] Step 5: Judge whether there is a leakage situation according to the recognition model. If not, directly display the result on the system;

[0107] Step 6: When there is a leakage situation, determine the position of the specific leakage point through the sound source localization technology, and store the detection result in the big data cloud platform through the communication module. Locate the specific position of the leakage source by identifying the noise of the leakage source and analyzing the intensity of the noise, and specifically reflect the leakage situation through the detected leakage noise intensity;

[0108] Step 7: Edit the alarm information through the big data cloud platform and send it to the corresponding management personnel. Specific Embodiment VIII:

[0110] The difference between Embodiment VIII and Embodiment VII of the present invention is only that:

[0111] Step 2 is specifically as follows:

[0112] Step 2.1: Perform a short-time Fourier transform on the sound signal to convert the audio signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, obtaining the acoustic characteristics of the sound signal. Compared with the pipeline without leakage, there will be an obvious characteristic peak in the leakage noise frequency range in the signal collected by the acoustic sensor detection array, thereby finding the frequency range of the leakage noise and providing a basis for the subsequent signal identification and positioning;

[0113] Step 2.2: Subtract the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal correction module from the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal acquisition module to obtain the eigenvalue m, perform statistical analysis on it, and calculate the mean μ and standard deviation σ of its distribution;

[0114] Step 2.3: Set a threshold t, and the initial threshold can be set as t = μ + kσ, where k is a multiple used to adjust the detection sensitivity. Select k = 3 and find the interval greater than t in m;

[0115] Step 2.4: Select the acoustic characteristics in the interval as the effective interval characteristics. Specific Embodiment IX:

[0117] The difference between Embodiment IX and Embodiment VIII of the present invention is only that:

[0118] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, it is used to implement a method for external detection of pipeline leakage. Specific Embodiment X:

[0120] The difference between Embodiment X and Embodiment IX of the present invention is only that:

[0121] The present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements a method for external detection of pipeline leakage. Specific Embodiment XI:

[0123] The difference between Embodiment XI and Embodiment X of the present invention is only that:

[0124] The purpose of the present application is to provide a device for external detection of pipeline leakage, overcoming the disadvantages of the existing detection device such as complex structure, high cost, and large limitations.

[0125] This application provides a device for external detection of pipeline leakage. It is characterized in that it includes a leakage information acquisition module, a leakage information correction module, a signal processing module, a big data cloud platform, and a leakage alarm module.

[0126] The leakage information acquisition module described in the first aspect includes an acoustic sensor, and the acoustic sensor includes a microphone or a hydrophone, which is selected based on the external environment of the pipeline and is used to collect the leakage noise information of the pipeline.

[0127] The leakage information correction module described in the first aspect is used to correct the signal collected by the leakage information acquisition module and reduce the interference of environmental noise and other noises on the signal.

[0128] The signal processing module described in the first aspect includes a leakage detection unit, a CPU control unit, a power conversion unit, a communication unit, and a screen driving unit, and the power conversion unit is used to supply power to the leakage detection unit, the communication unit, the screen driving unit, and the CPU control unit.

[0129] The leakage detection unit described in the first aspect converts the acoustic wave signal received by the acoustic sensor into an electrical signal, amplifies the signal through an amplifier circuit, and then converts the existing analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and sends it to the CPU control unit.

[0130] The CPU control unit described in the first aspect is used to process and analyze the signal sent by the leakage detection unit, and it includes a digital filtering module, an FFT module, and a signal detection and feature extraction module.

[0131] The digital filtering module described in the first aspect is used to filter out the noise and high-frequency interference signals contained in the signal detected by the acoustic sensor, so that it can only retain the signals in a specific frequency band, eliminate the redundant frequencies, and further eliminate the background noise by means of wavelet transform, etc., and retain the effective acoustic wave features in the leakage signal.

[0132] The FFT module described in the first aspect is used to convert the frequency characteristics of the collected acoustic wave signal from the time-domain signal to the frequency-domain signal for easy comparison and analysis to find the leakage point information.

[0133] The signal detection and feature extraction module described in the first aspect is used to analyze the frequency-domain signal, extract the frequency characteristics related to leakage from it, and at the same time detect the specific frequency peaks in the spectrum to identify the possible leakage signals.

[0134] The communication unit described in the first aspect is used to transmit the leakage point information generated by the CPU control unit to the big data cloud platform, and perform remote monitoring through the big data cloud platform and generate warning information.

[0135] The screen driving unit described in the first aspect is used to display the leakage point information in the form of an image;

[0136] The leakage alarm module described in the first aspect is used to send alarm information to the client of relevant management personnel.

[0137] The second aspect of the present application provides a device for external detection of pipeline leakage. The device includes a structure for loading acoustic sensors, a structure for carrying a leakage information acquisition module, components for supporting the overall acoustic sensor information acquisition system, and a processor.

[0138] The structure for loading acoustic sensors described in the second aspect is used to load the acoustic sensor array in the leakage information acquisition module;

[0139] The structure for carrying the leakage information acquisition module described in the second aspect is used to load the entire information acquisition module, ensure the stability of the signal acquisition system, and at the same time move through the sliding module and the guide rail to ensure that it can accurately collect the environmental signals of the local pipeline;

[0140] The components for supporting the overall acoustic sensor information acquisition system described in the second aspect are used to support the entire information acquisition system. The sliding wheels at the bottom of the support components are connected to the guide rail and are used to move the entire system to facilitate the acquisition of information for the entire pipeline;

[0141] The processor described in the second aspect is used to process the signals collected by the acoustic sensors, perform a series of operations such as amplification and filtering on them, facilitate the subsequent extraction and analysis of the signals, and find the specific location of the leakage point.

[0142] The third aspect of the present application provides a method for external detection of pipeline leakage. By analyzing and processing the signals collected by the acoustic sensors, the specific location of the leakage point is obtained. The method for external detection of pipeline leakage includes the following steps: First, use the device to collect the pipeline sound signals in various environments, and respectively extract the effective interval characteristics of the sound signals of the leakage information correction module and the leakage information acquisition module. Then, send the effective interval of the sound signals into the processor for signal processing, and determine whether there is a leakage situation according to the recognition model, and determine the specific location of the leakage point according to the sound source localization technology. Through the communication module, store the detection results in the big data cloud platform, and edit and send the alarm information to the corresponding management personnel. Specific Embodiment Twelve:

[0144] The present application provides a device for external detection of pipeline leakage, which is applicable to oil, gas, and water pipelines in urban underground areas and estuaries. The device system structure is shown in Figure 1, As shown in the figure, it is a device system for external detection of pipeline leakage, including: a leakage information acquisition module, a leakage information correction module, a signal processing module, a big data cloud platform, and a leakage alarm module.

[0145] The described leakage information acquisition module includes an acoustic sensor and a mechanical structure for loading an acoustic sensor array, which is used to load the acoustic sensor array;

[0146] The described signal processing module includes a leakage detection unit, a CPU control unit, a power conversion unit, a communication unit, and a screen driving unit, and the power conversion unit is used to supply power to the leakage detection unit, the communication unit, the screen driving unit, and the CPU control unit;

[0147] The leakage detection unit converts the acoustic wave signal received by the acoustic sensor into an electrical signal, amplifies the signal through an amplifier circuit, and then converts the existing analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and sends it to the CPU control unit;

[0148] The described CPU control unit is used to process and analyze the signal sent by the leakage detection unit, and it includes a digital filtering module, an FFT module, and a signal detection and feature extraction module;

[0149] The described digital filtering module is used to filter out the noise or high-frequency interference signals contained in the signal detected by the acoustic sensor, so that it can only retain the signals in a specific frequency band, eliminate the redundant frequencies, and further eliminate the background noise using mean filtering to retain the effective acoustic wave features in the leakage signal;

[0150] The described FFT module is used to convert the frequency characteristics of the collected acoustic wave signal from the time-domain signal to the frequency-domain signal for easy comparison and analysis to find the leakage point information;

[0151] The described signal detection and feature extraction module is used to analyze the frequency-domain signal, extract the frequency characteristics related to leakage from it, and at the same time detect the specific frequency peaks in the spectrum to identify the possible leakage signals;

[0152] The described communication unit is used to transmit the leakage information generated by the CPU control unit to the big data cloud platform, and perform remote monitoring through the big data cloud platform and generate alarm information;

[0153] The described screen driving unit is used to display the leakage information in the form of an image, and its effect is as Figure 10 shown;

[0154] The big data cloud platform sends the alarm information to the alarm module, which is used to send the alarm information to the clients of relevant management personnel. The clients include but are not limited to email, WeChat, mobile phones, etc. And the alarm information sending methods include but are not limited to interactive methods such as text messages, emails, WeChat, voice calls, etc. It can also be connected to an external large-scale audible and visual alarm interface through an external relay to control an alarm with higher power for alarming, so that relevant management personnel can make a timely response and reduce losses.

[0155] The leakage alarm module is used to send the alarm information to the clients of relevant management personnel.

[0156] This application provides a movable detection mechanical device for acoustic sensors. The device structure is shown in Figure 2 , as shown in the figure, the support structure includes a sliding guide rail, a fastening screw, an acoustic sensor support member, a sliding wheel, a support assembly with a scale and a sliding groove, an acoustic sensor height positioning member with a scale, and a sliding module.

[0157] The surface of the support assembly is provided with a sliding groove and a scale, which is used to integrate and support the overall system;

[0158] The bottom of the support assembly is equipped with sliding wheels that cooperate with the guide rail, which is used for the movement of the overall detection device to facilitate finding the location of the leakage point;

[0159] The sliding module matches the size of the sliding groove of the support assembly and is used to move the acoustic sensor support member along the pipeline direction;

[0160] The surface of the sliding module is provided with a fastening groove for loading the fastening screw. There is a removable fastening screw inside the fastening groove, which is used to fix the height of the acoustic sensor array;

[0161] The surface of the acoustic sensor height positioning member is provided with a scale and has a 5-mm-wide cavity inside, which is used for routing the cables of the acoustic sensors to ensure the stability of the acoustic sensor array during detection. And the acoustic sensor height positioning member is adapted to the size of the sliding module and is used to adjust the height of the acoustic sensor array so that it can adapt to pipelines with different depths;

[0162] The acoustic sensor support member is used to place the acoustic sensor array. Its surface is provided with a fastening groove for loading the fastening screw. There is a pre-installed removable fastening screw inside the fastening groove. Appropriate acoustic sensor support members can be selected according to the size of the detected pipeline and the environment where the pipeline is located. And the support member of the acoustic sensor matches the size of the height positioning member and can be directly fixed on the height scale so that it can adapt to different detection environments.

[0163] Furthermore, the acoustic sensor array placed by the acoustic sensor support member is as follows Figure 4 , 5 , as shown in 6, are acoustic sensor arrays of different structures. The number of acoustic sensors can be adjusted independently according to the size of the pipeline. The spacing d between acoustic sensors is defined as: where k is a safety factor (usually taken as 0.8 - 0.9), f max is the highest frequency required for the system to detect leaks, c is the sound speed in the medium, and the array spacing is calculated according to the requirements of different detection environments, so as to optimize the array structure of acoustic sensors.

[0164] Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 are different types of sensor arrays. The three are in a progressive relationship, but Figure 4 is a uniform linear array, Figure 5 is a uniform planar array. There is overlap in their functions. Figure 5 The uniform planar array is suitable for applications with standardization and high stability, and has better detection stability, but requires more sensors and has a higher hardware cost.

[0165] Figure 6 The non-uniform planar array improves the direction-finding performance while reducing the number of array elements, saves costs and improves the positioning accuracy, but has a higher algorithm complexity and poor stability.

[0166] The choice between the two can be measured from aspects such as cost and positioning accuracy according to the requirements of the detection environment, and then a specific choice can be made.

[0167] The method for external detection of pipeline leaks provided in this application is applied to the field of pipeline leak detection, aiming at oil pipelines, gas pipelines, and water pipelines in urban underground and estuaries. In the field of pipeline leak detection, most are for the detection of single leak points, and there is a lack of objective judgment means. The error will accumulate continuously with the strength of the signal and environmental interference, and the accumulated error will reduce the accuracy of leak positioning. For this reason, this application provides a method for external detection of pipeline leaks. Figure 7 is a schematic flow diagram of the method for external detection of pipeline leaks provided in the embodiments of this application. As Figure 7 shown, the method for external detection of pipeline leaks includes the following steps:

[0168] Step 1: Collect pipeline environment signals with acoustic sensors.

[0169] Among them, the source of the sound signal is the sound signal of the pipeline, and the collection of the sound signal is realized through the signal collection module and the signal correction module.

[0170] Step 2: Extract the effective interval features of the sound signals of the leakage information correction module and the leakage information acquisition module respectively.

[0171] Among them, extracting the effective interval features of the sound signal includes the following steps:

[0172] Step 201: Perform a short-time Fourier transform on the sound signal to convert the audio signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, obtaining the acoustic features of the sound signal. As shown in Figure 8 the figure, compared with the pipeline without leakage, there will be an obvious characteristic peak in the leakage noise frequency range for the signal collected by the acoustic sensor detection array, thereby finding the frequency range of the leakage noise, providing a basis for the subsequent signal identification and positioning;

[0173] Step 202: Subtract the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal correction module from the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal acquisition module to obtain the eigenvalue m, perform statistical analysis on it, and calculate the mean μ and standard deviation σ of its distribution;

[0174] Step 203: Set a threshold t, and the initial threshold can be set as t = μ + kσ, where k is a multiple used to adjust the detection sensitivity. Generally, k = 3 is selected, and find the interval greater than t in m;

[0175] Step 204: Select the acoustic features in the interval as the effective interval features.

[0176] Step 3: Use the processor to analyze the signal features and train the effective interval features of the extracted signals to obtain a sound recognition model;

[0177] Step 4: Extract the effective feature interval of the sound signal collected by the leakage signal acquisition module through the processor and put it into the sound recognition model;

[0178] Step 5: Judge whether there is a leakage situation according to the recognition model. If not, directly display the result on the system;

[0179] Step 6: If there is a leakage situation, determine the position of the specific leakage point through the sound source localization technology, and store the detection result in the big data cloud platform through the communication module. As shown in Figure 9 the figure, the red A is the position of the leakage source, and the black disks 1, 2, and 3 are the simple arrays of acoustic sensors. By identifying the noise of the leakage source and analyzing the intensity of the noise, localize it to find the specific position of the leakage source, and specifically reflect the leakage situation through the detected leakage noise intensity.

[0180] Step 601: Use multiple acoustic sensors to form an array to measure the pipeline environment signal;

[0181] Step 602: Compare the arrival times of signals in different acoustic sensors and calculate the time difference of signal arrival;

[0182] Step 603: Based on the result of the arrival time difference, deduce the position of the leakage point sound source through triangular geometry and save the position data.

[0183] Step 7: Edit an alarm message through the big data cloud platform and send it to the corresponding management personnel. Connect an external relay through the interface of an external large-scale acoustic-optic alarm, so as to control an alarm that requires higher power to give an alarm, so that relevant management personnel can make a timely response and reduce losses.

[0184] The above is only a preferred implementation mode of a pipeline leakage external detection system and detection method. The protection scope of a pipeline leakage external detection system and detection method is not limited to the above embodiments. Any technical solution within this idea belongs to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and changes made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable mechanical device for detecting leaks based on an acoustic sensor, characterized in that: The device includes: a support component, a fastening screw, an acoustic sensor support member, a sliding module, an acoustic sensor height positioning member, and a sliding guide rail; The surface of the support component is provided with a sliding groove and a scale, which is used to integrate and support the overall detection device; The bottom of the support component is equipped with sliding wheels that cooperate with the guide rail, which is used for the movement of the overall detection device to facilitate finding the location of the leakage point; The sliding module matches the size of the sliding groove of the support component and is used to move the acoustic sensor support member along the pipeline direction; The acoustic sensor support member is used to place the acoustic sensor array. Its surface is provided with a fastening groove for loading the fastening screw, and a detachable fastening screw is pre-installed inside the fastening groove; The surface of the acoustic sensor height positioning member is provided with a scale, and there is a cavity with a width of 5 mm inside, which is used for routing the cables of the acoustic sensors; The surface of the sliding module is provided with a fastening groove for loading the fastening screw, and a detachable fastening screw is inside the fastening groove, which is used to fix the height of the acoustic sensor array.

2. An external pipeline leakage detection system, the system comprising the mechanical device for movable leakage detection based on an acoustic sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes: a leakage information collection module, a leakage information correction module, a signal processing module, a big data cloud platform, and a leakage alarm module; The leakage information collection module and the leakage information correction module are connected to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is connected to the big data cloud platform and the leakage alarm module.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The leakage information collection module adopts a movable mechanical device for detecting leakage based on an acoustic sensor; The number of acoustic sensors is autonomously adjusted according to the size of the pipeline. The spacing d of the acoustic sensors is defined as: where k is the safety factor, f max is the highest frequency required for the system to detect leakage, c is the sound speed in the medium, and the array pitch is calculated according to the requirements of different detection environments, so as to optimize the array structure of the acoustic sensor.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The signal processing module includes a leakage detection unit, a CPU control unit, a power conversion unit, a communication unit, and a screen driving unit. The power conversion unit is used to supply power to the leakage detection unit, the communication unit, the screen driving unit, and the CPU control unit.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: The leakage detection unit converts the acoustic wave signal received by the acoustic sensor into an electrical signal, amplifies the signal through an amplifier circuit, and then converts the existing analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and sends it to the CPU control unit; The CPU control unit is used to process and analyze the signal sent by the leakage detection unit, and it includes a digital filtering module, an FFT module, and a signal detection and feature extraction module; The digital filtering module is used to filter out the noise or high-frequency interference signals contained in the signal detected by the acoustic sensor, eliminate the redundant frequencies, use mean filtering to eliminate the background noise, and retain the effective acoustic wave features in the leakage signal; The FFT module is used to convert the frequency characteristics of the collected acoustic wave signal from the time-domain signal to the frequency-domain signal, perform comparative analysis, and find the leakage point information; The signal detection and feature extraction module is used to analyze the frequency-domain signal, extract the frequency characteristics related to leakage from it, and at the same time detect the specific frequency peaks in the spectrum to identify the leakage signal; The communication unit is used to transmit the leakage information generated by the CPU control unit to the big data cloud platform, and perform remote monitoring through the big data cloud platform and generate alarm information; The screen driving unit is used to display the leakage information in the form of an image.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The big data cloud platform sends the alarm information to the alarm module, and the alarm module is used to send the alarm information to the clients of relevant management personnel. The clients include but are not limited to email, WeChat, and mobile phones, and the alarm information sending methods include but are not limited to SMS, email, WeChat, and voice call interaction methods. It can also connect an external relay through the interface of a large-scale audible and visual alarm to control an alarm with higher power for alarming; The leakage alarm module is used to send the alarm information to the clients of relevant management personnel.

7. An external detection method for pipeline leakage, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect the pipeline environment signal with an acoustic sensor; Step 2: Extract the effective interval features of the sound signals of the leakage information correction module and the leakage information collection module respectively; Step 3: Analyze the signal features with a processor and train the effective interval features of the extracted signals to obtain a sound recognition model; Step 4: Extract the effective feature interval of the sound signal collected by the leakage signal collection module through the processor and put it into the sound recognition model; Step 5: Judge whether there is a leakage situation according to the recognition model. If not, directly display the result on the system; Step 6: When there is a leakage situation, determine the location of the specific leakage point through the sound source localization technology, and store the detection result in the big data cloud platform through the communication module. By identifying the noise of the leakage source and analyzing the intensity of the noise, locate it to find the specific location of the leakage source, and specifically reflect the leakage situation through the detected leakage noise intensity; Step 7: Edit the alarm information through the big data cloud platform and send it to the corresponding management personnel.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific content of Step 2 is as follows: Step 2.1: Perform a short-time Fourier transform on the sound signal to convert the audio signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, obtain the acoustic features of the sound signal. Compared with the pipeline without leakage, there will be an obvious characteristic peak in the leakage noise frequency range of the signals collected by the acoustic sensor detection array, so as to find the frequency range of the leakage noise and provide a basis for the subsequent signal recognition and positioning; Step 2.2: Subtract the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal correction module from the short-time Fourier transform result of the signal collected by the leakage signal collection module to obtain the eigenvalue m, perform statistical analysis on it, and calculate the mean μ and standard deviation σ of its distribution; Step 2.3: Set a threshold t. The initial threshold can be set as t = μ + kσ, where k is a multiple used to adjust the detection sensitivity. Select k = 3 and find the interval where m is greater than t; Step 2.4: Select the acoustic features in the interval as the effective interval features.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to be used to implement the method as claimed in claims 7 - 8.

10. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as claimed in claims 7 - 8.

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