Simulated micro-seismic environment vibration test bench and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration test, and discloses a micro-seismic environment simulation vibration test board and a test method thereof, which realize high-fidelity simulation of multiple types of micro-seismic scenes through a multi-source composite signal generation and waveform reconstruction technology. The dynamic adjustment capability of the control strategy is improved by using disturbance compensation and an adaptive control mechanism, real-time analysis and early warning feedback are performed on the response state in the test process based on the vibration characteristic evaluation result, and an auxiliary decision basis is provided for the vibration control strategy. Besides, a hierarchical closed-loop regulation and control mechanism is logically formed based on local output regulation among multiple axes and a global control strategy, and closed-loop linkage of the control strategy, execution response, state evaluation and control correction is realized, so that the overall regulation and control precision, response sensitivity and test precision are remarkably improved; accurate simulation and stable control of a three-dimensional vibration field are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration testing, and particularly to a vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment and a test method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of structural seismic analysis, underground engineering safety assessment, etc., the demand for testing the response characteristics of structures in a microseismic environment is increasing. Most of the existing vibration test benches are based on single-source excitation and fixed-mode control, and it is difficult to truly restore the microseismic environment under complex seismic source coupling. There are significant limitations in aspects such as response accuracy control and abnormal state identification. In addition, most of the response data during the current test process is only used for recording or post-event analysis, lacking the ability to dynamically identify the response trend of the structure and predict risks, resulting in relatively low overall control accuracy and intelligent level of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment and a test method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of low test accuracy and control accuracy in the existing vibration test process in a microseismic environment.

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention discloses a vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment, which includes a vibration control module, a vibration module, a measurement module, and an analysis module;

[0005] The vibration control module is used to generate a vibration control instruction based on a target vibration signal;

[0006] The vibration module is used to generate corresponding mechanical vibrations according to the vibration control instruction;

[0007] The measurement module is used to collect the vibration response data of the object under test in real time during the test process, and send the vibration response data to the vibration control module and the analysis module;

[0008] The analysis module is used to perform data analysis operations based on the vibration response data, and the data analysis operations include vibration characteristic evaluation;

[0009] The vibration control module is further used to dynamically adjust the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data fed back by the measurement module, and correct the vibration control instruction based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result of the analysis module.

[0010] Furthermore, the vibration control module includes a multi-source composite signal sub-module and a waveform reconstruction sub-module;

[0011] The multi-source composite signal sub-module is used to receive at least two seismic source waveform signal inputs, perform a composite operation on the input multiple seismic source waveform signals, and generate a composite vibration control signal; the seismic source waveform signals include at least one of an artificially set waveform, a historical microseismic waveform, and a measured seismic wave signal;

[0012] The waveform reconstruction sub-module is used to perform sampling rate conversion, filtering processing, and signal reconstruction operations on the imported historical microseismic waveforms to obtain reconstructed waveform signals;

[0013] The target vibration signal is a composite vibration control signal or a reconstructed waveform signal.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibration control module further includes a disturbance compensation sub-module and an adaptive control sub-module;

[0015] The disturbance compensation sub-module and the adaptive control sub-module are used to perform the operation of dynamically adjusting the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data fed back by the measurement module; among them,

[0016] The disturbance compensation sub-module is used to calculate the error value between the actual output of the current vibration module and the target vibration signal according to the real-time vibration response data, and perform phase deviation correction and amplitude adjustment operations according to the error value;

[0017] The adaptive control sub-module is used to dynamically adjust the vibration control strategy parameters according to the vibration error sequence within a continuous time window and the operating environment change parameters; the vibration control strategy parameters include gain coefficients, control lag terms, and frequency band distributions.

[0018] Furthermore, the vibration control module further includes a correction sub-module, which is used to perform the operation of correcting the vibration control command based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result of the analysis module; the vibration characteristic evaluation results include the change of the main vibration frequency, the energy spectrum distribution, the envelope trend, the vibration amplitude statistic, and the response spectrum pattern;

[0019] The operations performed by the correction sub-module specifically include:

[0020] Dynamically limit the target frequency range according to the change of the main vibration frequency and the energy spectrum distribution;

[0021] Adjust the amplitude upper limit and / or import the amplitude suppression coefficient according to the envelope trend and the vibration amplitude statistic;

[0022] When the evaluation result shows that there are distortions and / or feature distortions in the response spectrum pattern, perform signal smoothing processing and / or frequency band compression operations.

[0023] Furthermore, the vibration control module further includes an automatic calibration sub-module, which is used to send a preset small-amplitude excitation sequence command to the vibration module before the test to obtain the initial response data of the object under test;

[0024] The analysis module determines the natural frequency range, resonance interval, and response sensitivity of the object under test based on the initial response data;

[0025] Adjust the target frequency band, input amplitude upper limit, measurement accuracy requirements, and data processing parameters in the subsequent vibration control strategy according to the determination result.

[0026] Further, the vibration module includes three independent drive shaft systems, which are respectively used to apply vibration excitation in three orthogonal directions of X, Y, and Z.

[0027] The vibration outputs in the three directions can be configured as an independent output mode or a coordinated linkage mode; the coordinated linkage mode realizes the vibration fusion between multi-axis outputs through phase synchronization adjustment and amplitude ratio control operations.

[0028] Further, the vibration module also includes an attitude detection sub-module, which is used to detect the vibration displacement and spatial attitude response of each direction of the vibration module in real time, and feed the detection results back to the vibration module, and adjust the multi-axis output strategy based on the detection results through the vibration module; the multi-axis output strategy represents the combined relationship including amplitude, frequency, and phase adopted by the three independent drive shafts when outputting vibration.

[0029] Determine the three-dimensional microseismic environment simulation conditions based on the adjustment of the multi-axis output strategy; the three-dimensional microseismic environment simulation conditions include coupled resonance, non-linear interaction, and displacement superposition.

[0030] Further, the vibration module also includes a dynamic coupling adjustment sub-module, which is used to coordinately adjust the vibration output relationship between the three drive shafts based on the multi-axis response data fed back by the measurement module. The adjustment includes:

[0031] Judge the amplitude difference, phase shift, and energy coupling degree between the vibration responses in different axial directions.

[0032] Under the set three-dimensional microseismic simulation conditions, perform multi-axis linkage operations including amplitude reallocation, frequency fine-tuning, and coupling phase correction, forming a hierarchical closed-loop control mechanism with the global vibration control strategy of the vibration control module.

[0033] Further, the data analysis operation also includes historical pattern matching analysis and abnormal trend analysis.

[0034] The historical pattern matching analysis operation specifically includes:

[0035] Based on the vibration response feature vectors extracted within the sliding time window, call the preset historical microseismic response pattern library, judge the similarity between the current vibration state and the typical risk pattern through feature similarity calculation, and output the matching result and the corresponding status mark.

[0036] The specific operations of abnormal trend analysis include: performing trend analysis on the vibration response characteristic parameters within a continuous time period, identifying mutations, drifts, and spectral distortions in the vibration response based on preset dynamic threshold rules, and outputting abnormal detection labels; the labels are used to prompt the deterioration of structural performance and the risk of abnormal excitation.

[0037] The second aspect of the present invention discloses a method for simulating microseismic environment vibration testing, which is applied to the vibration test bench disclosed in the first aspect. The method includes:

[0038] Generating a vibration control instruction based on the target vibration signal;

[0039] Generating corresponding mechanical vibrations according to the vibration control instruction;

[0040] During the test, the vibration response data of the object under test is collected in real time;

[0041] Performing data analysis operations based on the vibration response data, and the data analysis operations include vibration characteristic evaluation;

[0042] Dynamically adjusting the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data, and correcting the vibration control instruction based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] The present invention realizes the high-fidelity simulation of multiple types of microseismic scenarios through multi-source composite signal generation and waveform reconstruction technology; utilizes the disturbance compensation and adaptive control mechanism to enhance the dynamic adjustment ability of the control strategy, and performs real-time analysis and early warning feedback on the response state during the test based on the vibration characteristic evaluation result, providing an auxiliary decision-making basis for the vibration control strategy. In addition, based on the local output adjustment between multiple axes, it logically constitutes a hierarchical closed-loop regulation mechanism with the global control strategy, realizing the closed-loop linkage of control strategy - execution response - state evaluation - control correction, thereby significantly improving the overall regulation accuracy, response sensitivity, and test accuracy, and realizing the precise simulation and stable control of the three-dimensional vibration field. Description of the Drawings

[0045] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of the application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration test bench for simulating microseismic environment disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow diagram of a method for simulating microseismic environment vibration testing disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0048] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] The first aspect of the present invention discloses a vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The vibration test bench includes a vibration control module, a vibration module, a measurement module, and an analysis module;

[0051] The vibration control module is used to generate a vibration control instruction based on a target vibration signal;

[0052] The vibration module is used to generate corresponding mechanical vibrations according to the vibration control instruction;

[0053] The measurement module is used to collect the vibration response data of the object under test in real time during the test, and send the vibration response data to the vibration control module and the analysis module;

[0054] The analysis module is used to perform data analysis operations based on the vibration response data, and the data analysis operations include vibration characteristic evaluation;

[0055] The vibration control module is also used to dynamically adjust the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data fed back by the measurement module, and correct the vibration control instruction based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result of the analysis module.

[0056] Furthermore, the vibration control module includes a multi-source composite signal sub-module and a waveform reconstruction sub-module;

[0057] The multi-source composite signal sub-module is used to receive at least two input source waveform signals, perform a composite operation on the input multiple source waveform signals, and generate a composite vibration control signal; the source waveform signals include at least one of an artificially set waveform, a historical microseismic waveform, and a measured seismic wave signal;

[0058] The waveform reconstruction sub-module is used to perform sampling rate conversion, filtering processing, and signal reconstruction operations on the imported historical microseismic waveform to obtain a reconstructed waveform signal;

[0059] The target vibration signal is a composite vibration control signal or a reconstructed waveform signal.

[0060] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the vibration control module is used to generate a vibration control instruction that can drive the vibration module to perform corresponding mechanical excitation operations according to the set target vibration signal. It includes a multi-source composite signal sub-module and a waveform reconstruction sub-module, which are respectively used to construct target vibration signals that meet different test requirements.

[0061] The multi-source composite signal sub-module can receive the input of at least two source waveform signals. The source waveform signals include, but are not limited to, artificially set waveforms (such as sine waves, shock waves, custom periodic functions, etc.), historical microseismic waveforms (such as structural response data obtained from previous projects), and one or more of the measured seismic wave signals collected on-site. That is, the types of input source waveform signals can be the same or different. The multi-source composite signal sub-module performs signal composite operations on the input multiple waveform signals, fusing and generating a composite vibration control signal, which is used to simulate the actual microseismic excitation environment under coupled source conditions.

[0062] The composite operation includes performing weighted superposition operations in the frequency domain and / or time domain on the input multiple waveform signals. Specifically, it includes segmentally splicing various waveform signals according to a preset time series to construct a phased excitation control process; dynamically weighting and superposing waveform signals from different sources based on time-varying weight coefficients to simulate the changing trend of energy dominance of different sources during microseismic processes; and introducing a coupling modulation function during the superposition process to simulate the frequency perturbation and waveform deformation formed by non-linear interaction, thereby enhancing the restoration ability of the coupled characteristics of the composite source. The generated composite vibration control signal will be used as the input source of subsequent control instructions to achieve controllable excitation output for multi-stage and multi-type microseismic scenarios.

[0063] The signal composite process includes segmental splicing operations, time-varying weight superposition processing, and coupling modulation enhancement mechanisms, which can be executed alone or in combination to enhance the expression ability of the signal and the diversity of excitation.

[0064] Specifically, in the segmental splicing operation, the multi-source composite signal sub-module first receives several types of source waveform signals, and based on the time index vector T = {t1, t2, …, t k , …, t n}, segmentally splices each input signal. Each segment of the signal is activated within the time interval [t k , t k+1 defined in the vector.

[0065] Furthermore, to avoid waveform discontinuity, spectral jump or phase misalignment between splicing segments, a signal buffer Δt is set near each splicing point, and a smoothing transition function E(t) is applied for transition control. The transition function selects a bidirectional weighted window, such as a Tukey window or a Hanning window, and gradually enhances or attenuates the edge amplitude of the splicing waveform through the transition function to achieve smooth transition. Each segment of spliced signal can be expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] where E k (t) is the smoothing transition function of the k-th segment of the signal; S k (t) is the source waveform signal of the k-th segment of the signal.

[0068] In addition, by adjusting the arrangement order of the time index vector, the switching logic of the splicing segments can be controlled, so as to form various excitation control strategies such as linear increasing type (such as "shock wave → sine wave → measured waveform") and periodic backstepping type.

[0069] To more realistically simulate the dominant characteristics of the source energy changing with time, a time-varying weight superposition mechanism is introduced in the multi-source composite signal sub-module. Specifically, the input signals are weighted and fused in the following manner:

[0070]

[0071] where S flused (t) is the final output composite vibration control signal; S i (t) is the i-th input source waveform signal; w i (t) is the weight function that changes with time and satisfies the normalization condition ∑w i (t) = 1.

[0072] The weight function w i (t) is set to be defined according to the preset dominant stage of the source. For example, during the main shock period, the weight of the measured seismic wave gradually increases and the artificial sine wave gradually decreases to simulate the dominant conversion of the source energy. In the embodiments of the present invention, the forms of the weight function include exponential decay function, double-peak response function, periodic window function, etc., and the present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0073] To enhance the non-linear interaction expression ability of the waveform, the present invention further introduces a coupling modulation function in the waveform superposition process. The modulation function is used to perform amplitude modulation, frequency perturbation or envelope deformation on specific input signals to express phenomena such as spectral perturbation caused by rock formation structure resonance and source interference. Specifically, it includes:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, is the modulated signal; α i is the modulation depth coefficient; is the modulation frequency; is the phase offset.

[0076] The coupled modulation enhancement mechanism can act on the main frequency waveform to enhance the spectral complexity, and can also be used for non-linear expansion of low-amplitude waveforms to construct complex perturbation scenarios. This mechanism has significant advantages in applications such as simulating irregular seismic shocks and structural resonance overshoots.

[0077] By combining the above three composite operations, the multi-source composite signal sub-module can flexibly generate composite vibration control signals with multi-stage, multi-frequency, and multi-coupling characteristics, with strong adjustability and scene adaptability, and has stronger real restoration ability and microseismic simulation depth, providing a solid foundation for the subsequent control module to generate vibration instructions with high simulation accuracy.

[0078] The waveform reconstruction sub-module is used to process the imported historical microseismic waveform data. The processing process includes: converting the sampling rate of the original historical waveform to match the current frequency bandwidth, performing denoising and filtering operations on the waveform to reduce the influence of environmental interference, and restoring the waveform details based on the interpolation algorithm or wavelet reconstruction algorithm, and finally generating a reconstructed waveform signal for control drive.

[0079] The vibration control module generates vibration control instructions based on the obtained target vibration signal (composite signal or reconstructed waveform). The vibration control instructions include multiple control parameters, such as the target output direction (X, Y, Z axes), output amplitude, frequency, phase information, excitation duration, output mode (continuous / pulse), execution timestamp, etc. The above vibration control instructions are transmitted as digital signals through the bus to the control interface of the vibration module to drive it to perform corresponding mechanical actions.

[0080] The vibration control module can be implemented by an industrial control computer, an embedded controller, or a dedicated programmable logic control sub-module (PLC), and internally integrates a waveform processing chip, a control algorithm execution engine, a data buffer, and a communication interface, etc. The vibration control module can run custom control logic and also supports integration with a general control platform for advanced expansion. The vibration module can adopt a servo-driven excitation device to perform mechanical vibration output according to the parameters set in the control instructions. Taking an electric three-axis shaker as an example, it is equipped with independent linear motors or electromagnetic exciters in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the motors are driven by a signal modulator to generate displacement outputs in the corresponding directions; the phase control and amplitude control are completed by the driver or controller according to the instructions, and the actual output mechanical vibration will be transmitted to the object under test fixed on the vibration table to achieve the physical simulation of the microseismic environment. It should be noted that the specific composition of the vibration control module and the vibration module in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited.

[0081] Based on the specific settings of the vibration control module, the flexible construction and high-fidelity restoration of the target vibration signal are realized. On the one hand, the multi-source composite signal sub-module can support the fusion operation of waveforms from different sources, enabling testers to quickly construct representative microseismic scene signals according to the requirements of engineering scenarios. On the other hand, the waveform reconstruction sub-module can improve the adaptability and clarity of waveform driving on the basis of ensuring signal authenticity, meeting the actual output requirements of the vibration system; it enhances the flexibility of vibration input, the richness of simulated scenarios, and the accuracy of vibration control.

[0082] Furthermore, the vibration control module also includes a disturbance compensation sub-module and an adaptive control sub-module;

[0083] The disturbance compensation sub-module and the adaptive control sub-module are used to perform operations of dynamically adjusting the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data fed back by the measurement module; among them,

[0084] The disturbance compensation sub-module is used to calculate the error value between the actual output of the current vibration module and the target vibration signal according to the real-time vibration response data, and perform phase deviation correction and amplitude adjustment operations according to the error value;

[0085] The adaptive control sub-module is used to dynamically adjust the vibration control strategy parameters according to the vibration error sequence within a continuous time window and the operating environment change parameters; the vibration control strategy parameters include gain coefficient, control lag term, and frequency band distribution.

[0086] Furthermore, the vibration control module also includes a correction sub-module, which is used to perform operations of correcting the vibration control instructions based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation results of the analysis module; the vibration characteristic evaluation results include the change of the main vibration frequency, the energy spectrum distribution, the envelope trend, the vibration amplitude statistic, and the response spectrum morphology;

[0087] The operations performed by the correction sub-module specifically include:

[0088] Dynamically limit the target frequency range according to the change of the main vibration frequency and the energy spectrum distribution;

[0089] Adjust the amplitude upper limit and / or introduce an amplitude suppression coefficient according to the envelope trend and the vibration amplitude statistic;

[0090] When the evaluation result indicates that there are distortions and / or feature distortions in the response spectrum morphology, perform signal smoothing processing and / or frequency band compression operations.

[0091] Specifically, in this embodiment, the output of the vibration module refers to the mechanical excitation behavior actually generated by the vibration module, including physical vibration displacements or accelerations in the X, Y, and Z axis directions. Its control source is the control instruction output by the vibration control module, which can be manifested as, for example, the control voltage, current, frequency, or displacement target of the exciter. The accuracy of the vibration output and its degree of coincidence with the target signal are important criteria for judging the performance of the entire test bench. Therefore, the error adjustment ability of the vibration control module directly affects the fidelity of the test simulation.

[0092] The measurement module in the vibration test bench is used to collect the response state of the object under test in real time during the vibration test and provide original feedback data for the vibration control module and the analysis module. It includes, but is not limited to, acceleration sensors, velocity sensors, displacement sensors, strain gauges, and temperature and humidity sensors, which are respectively arranged at key nodes on the test tabletop and key parts of the object under test to obtain the instantaneous acceleration response, velocity response, displacement response, stress distribution changes, and external environment status in the X, Y, and Z axis directions. The measurement data is transmitted to the vibration control module and the analysis module through a high-speed sampling interface and is synchronized through a unified time stamp to ensure the timing consistency between the spatial response and the control behavior.

[0093] The real-time vibration response data output by the measurement module includes, but is not limited to: the current acceleration / velocity / displacement values in each direction, instantaneous peaks, frequency distributions, harmonic characteristics, and statistical parameters (such as root mean square, crest factor, etc.) within the corresponding time window. In addition, it also includes test environment change parameters, such as system-level operation background information such as temperature and humidity, power supply voltage offset, etc.

[0094] The vibration control module includes a disturbance compensation sub-module and an adaptive control sub-module, and the two together constitute a fast response mechanism for the real-time vibration response data of the measurement module. Among them, the disturbance compensation sub-module is mainly aimed at short-term error adjustment and is used for the situation where the vibration response detected in real time deviates from the target vibration signal. This module calculates the error value between the current vibration module output value provided by the measurement module and the target vibration signal, and performs phase deviation correction and amplitude fine-tuning within each control cycle to ensure the immediate accuracy of the vibration output.

[0095] The adaptive control sub-module constructs a dynamic parameter optimization mechanism based on a continuous time window. By collecting the error sequence within each time window, a sliding error vector group is formed. Combining the environmental change trends (such as the temperature and humidity change rate, the structural stiffness change trend, the frequency drift curve, etc.) and inputting them into the adaptive control sub-module, this module uses a weighted dynamic adjustment function, taking the error change speed, the residual mean value, and the historical fluctuation degree as influencing factors to fine-tune the gain coefficient in the current control strategy; judging the correction amplitude of the control lag term according to the lag response and the frequency offset; at the same time, extracting the frequency domain change through Fourier transform and adjusting the frequency band distribution configuration of the control signal to enhance the adaptability to the response spectrum.

[0096] As a preferred embodiment, to improve the stability and dynamic response ability of the vibration control strategy during the long-term microseismic simulation, the adaptive control sub-module introduces a parameter dynamic update mechanism based on the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm.

[0097] Specifically, using the historical control error data within the sliding time window and the environmental parameter change trend as inputs, the parameter is gradually converged and smoothly evolved through a recursive optimization algorithm. First, within each control period t, the control strategy influencing factor vector x t ∈R n is collected, including but not limited to the following input data pairs:

[0098] The current control error residual mean value;

[0099] The error change speed;

[0100] The frequency drift index;

[0101] The lag response duration;

[0102] y t : The control strategy target adjustment amount (such as the gain coefficient correction value).

[0103] For each moment t, the following recursive steps are executed:

[0104] Gain vector calculation:

[0105]

[0106] where K t ∈R n , is the gain vector at the current moment; P t-1 is the covariance matrix of the previous cycle, P t ∈Rn×n ; x t is the current input variable vector; λ ∈ [0, 1] is the forgetting factor, which is used to balance new and old data.

[0107] Update of the control parameter vector:

[0108]

[0109] where θ t ∈ R n is the estimated value of the updated control parameter at the current moment; is the predicted output of the current value; is the current residual.

[0110] Covariance matrix update, this step is used to reduce the risk of the covariance matrix diverging over time and achieve estimation convergence:

[0111]

[0112] Furthermore, to prevent parameter mutations from interfering with the system stability, the present invention uses exponential weighted fusion of the current estimated value and the final control parameter value of the previous cycle within each cycle to form a continuous control curve.

[0113] By introducing the RLS dynamic update mechanism, the adaptive control sub-module can continuously fine-tune and correct the control strategy without manual intervention, significantly improving the vibration control accuracy of the system when facing complex microseismic coupling scenarios.

[0114] Different from the aforementioned direct feedback control based on measurement data, in the embodiments of the present invention, the correction sub-module is oriented to the feedback of the "vibration characteristic evaluation" result at a higher level. The analysis module outputs a set of structured vibration characteristic evaluation indicators through operations such as spectrum analysis, waveform feature extraction, envelope trend tracking, etc. on the real-time vibration response data, including but not limited to the change of the main vibration frequency, energy spectrum distribution, envelope line trend, vibration amplitude statistic, and response map morphology, etc. The correction sub-module makes strategy-level corrections to the vibration control instructions according to these evaluation results. For example, when the frequency spectrum analysis shows a frequency band drift, the correction sub-module can dynamically limit the target frequency range of the output vibration control signal; when the envelope line trend or amplitude distribution is abnormal, automatically adjust the upper limit of the vibration amplitude and / or introduce a suppression coefficient to prevent over-driving; if it is detected that the response map is distorted or deformed, perform signal smoothing processing and / or frequency band compression to improve the signal stability and the protection of the measured object structure.

[0115] In the above operation, the disturbance compensation sub-module and the adaptive control sub-module, based on the original response data of the measurement module, constitute a fast control feedback path centered on "real-time error adjustment and trend compensation"; while the correction sub-module, based on the vibration characteristic results extracted by the analysis module, undertakes the correction function of "macro-vibration behavior trend control". The two have different focuses in terms of control objectives, feedback basis, and control time scales. The former is fast and low-latency, and the latter is steady-state and trend-guided; but they complement each other through the internal logic of the vibration control module and jointly act on the generation and adjustment process of the vibration control command, forming a multi-level and multi-time-scale intelligent regulation mechanism. By introducing the above hierarchical control strategy, the stability, accuracy, and scenario adaptability of the vibration output are significantly improved. It can not only cope with real-time vibration errors and system disturbances of the test bench, but also has the ability of self-perception and pre-correction of potential non-ideal response trends, significantly enhancing the controllability and safety of the structural testing process in the micro-seismic simulation environment.

[0116] Furthermore, the vibration control module further includes an automatic calibration sub-module, which is used to send a preset small-amplitude excitation sequence command to the vibration module before the test to obtain the initial response data of the object under test;

[0117] The analysis module determines the natural frequency range, resonance interval, and response sensitivity of the object under test based on the initial response data;

[0118] According to the determination results, adjust the target frequency band, input amplitude upper limit, measurement accuracy requirements, and data processing parameters in the subsequent vibration control strategy.

[0119] Specifically, in this embodiment, the automatic calibration sub-module is used to perform a preliminary state detection on the object under test before the formal vibration test. This module sends a set of preset small-amplitude excitation sequence commands to the vibration module. The excitation sequence is a low-intensity, wide-frequency-band, short-period scanning excitation signal that covers multiple typical structural response frequency bands. While avoiding excessive disturbance to the structure of the object under test, it tries to obtain its true initial dynamic characteristics as much as possible.

[0120] Under the action of the excitation, the measurement module real-time collects the response signal of the object under test and sends the original data to the analysis module. The analysis module performs processing operations such as spectrum analysis, amplitude-frequency characteristic calculation, and response sensitivity evaluation based on this initial response data. Among them, spectrum analysis is used to identify the main vibration frequency and frequency distribution interval of the structure of the object under test; amplitude-frequency characteristic calculation is used to judge the amplification response ability of the structure of the object under test to excitations in different frequency bands and identify potential resonance intervals; the excitation response sensitivity is calculated through the amplitude gain-excitation amplitude function curve. These evaluation results together constitute the "initial response feature set" of the object under test.

[0121] The automatic calibration sub-module makes a preliminary configuration adjustment to the subsequent vibration control strategy according to the above feature set, including but not limited to: limiting the target frequency band to the vicinity of the natural frequency of the measured object structure or avoiding the resonance frequency band to prevent damage; setting the upper threshold of the input amplitude to avoid non-linear response or structural abnormality caused by excessive excitation amplitude; selecting appropriate measurement resolution, signal-to-noise ratio requirement and sampling frequency according to the response sensitivity; adjusting filtering parameters, frequency domain window functions, etc. in the data processing process.

[0122] This automatic calibration mechanism enables the vibration test bench to perform "adaptive initialization" on different structural objects before formal excitation, avoiding problems such as inaccurate measurement, over-measurement or invalid data caused by excitation based on fixed parameters. During the calibration process, by actively collecting and analyzing the initial structural response behavior, the personalized configuration of the control strategy is driven, realizing the control optimization from the "general mode" to the "object matching". Through this mechanism, the vibration test bench is equipped with the pre-control ability of "structural self-identification + control adaptability + data accuracy self-guarantee", significantly improving the pertinence, stability and safety of the entire test process, and providing a controllable and reliable pre-guarantee for micro-seismic simulation under complex structures and diverse working conditions.

[0123] Furthermore, the vibration module includes three independent drive shaft systems, which are respectively used to apply vibration excitation in three orthogonal directions of X, Y and Z;

[0124] The vibration outputs in three directions can be configured as an independent output mode or a coordinated linkage mode; the coordinated linkage mode realizes the vibration fusion between multi-axis outputs through phase synchronization adjustment and amplitude ratio control operations.

[0125] Furthermore, the vibration module also includes an attitude detection sub-module, which is used to detect the vibration displacement and spatial attitude response of each direction of the vibration module in real time, and feedback the detection results to the vibration module. The vibration module adjusts the multi-axis output strategy based on the detection results. The multi-axis output strategy represents the combined relationship including amplitude, frequency and phase adopted by the three independent drive shafts when outputting vibration. The three-dimensional micro-seismic environment simulation conditions are determined based on the adjustment of the multi-axis output strategy; the three-dimensional micro-seismic environment simulation conditions include coupled resonance, non-linear interaction and displacement superposition.

[0126] Furthermore, the vibration module also includes a dynamic coupling adjustment sub-module, which is used to coordinate and adjust the vibration output relationship between the three drive shafts based on the multi-axis response data fed back by the measurement module, including:

[0127] judging the amplitude difference, phase shift and energy coupling degree between the vibration responses in different axial directions;

[0128] Under the set three-dimensional microseismic simulation conditions, a multi-axis linkage operation including amplitude redistribution, frequency fine-tuning, and coupled phase correction is performed, forming a hierarchical closed-loop regulation mechanism with the global vibration control strategy of the vibration control module.

[0129] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the vibration module is constructed as a three-axis independent drive structure, and drive shafts for three orthogonal directions of X, Y, and Z are respectively configured. Each drive shaft can be composed of a servo motor, an electromagnetic shaker, or an electric slide table, and has independent drive ability and fine regulation performance. The drive behavior of the vibration module is directly controlled by the vibration control instructions issued by the vibration control module, and the control instructions contain parameters such as the output amplitude, frequency, phase, duration, and output mode of each drive shaft. The vibration module performs corresponding excitation operations in three directions according to this instruction, forming an actual mechanical vibration output.

[0130] To support the simulation of more complex microseismic scenarios, in this embodiment, the vibration module supports two working modes: independent output mode and coordinated linkage mode. In the independent mode, each drive shaft executes separately according to the instruction without coupling; while in the coordinated linkage mode, the outputs of the three shafts are phase-synchronously adjusted and amplitude ratio-controlled by the internal control logic of the vibration module, so as to generate a linkage vibration output at the physical level. This linkage mode is used to realize complex spatial vibration conditions such as coupled resonance, nonlinear interaction, and displacement superposition, significantly improving the reduction ability of the three-dimensional microseismic scenario.

[0131] An attitude detection sub-module is configured inside the vibration module to obtain in real time the vibration displacement, overall attitude response data (including displacement, inclination angle, rotation trend, etc.), and execution accuracy of the vibration module body in the three-axis directions, and feedback them to the local control logic of the vibration module. According to this feedback, the vibration module can dynamically adjust its current multi-axis output strategy, which defines the amplitude distribution, frequency matching relationship, and phase coupling state between the three drive shafts at the current moment, ensuring that the output vibration maintains coordination and accuracy in the spatial structure. This detection mechanism belongs to the internal feedback of the vibration module, which is used to ensure that the output parameters set in the vibration control instructions are accurately realized at the physical layer and drive the local multi-axis output strategy to be fine-tuned.

[0132] In addition, the vibration module also includes a dynamic coupling adjustment sub-module, whose function is to further optimize the coordination relationship between multi-axis outputs based on the response data of the measured object feedback by the measurement module. This sub-module can analyze the amplitude deviation, phase shift, and energy distribution difference of the vibration responses between the axes, and perform operations such as amplitude redistribution, frequency fine-tuning, and coupled phase correction, forming a local feedback control behavior based on response characteristics.

[0133] It should be emphasized that the above multi-axis output strategy and coupling adjustment behavior of the vibration module do not formulate control logic independently, but are the lower branches of the overall strategy system of the vibration control module. The vibration control module formulates a global control strategy based on the target vibration signal, generates control instructions and sends them to the vibration module; the vibration module executes response operations according to this global strategy and performs local fine-tuning in combination with its internal feedback mechanism, thus forming a multi-level collaborative control system of global scheduling - local execution - real-time feedback, and constructing a highly responsive and adaptable vibration control architecture.

[0134] Through the above structural and control logic design, the vibration module not only has precise three-dimensional excitation ability, but also realizes the output fusion of different vibration source composite excitations, the coordinated adaptation to the responses of complex structures, and the self-feedback correction ability for output mismatch. Especially in the coordinated linkage mode, the multi-axes maintain output consistency through dynamic adjustment, effectively solving problems such as asynchronous three-axis vibration, response imbalance, and low coupling accuracy in traditional test benches.

[0135] At the same time, by placing the vibration module under the hierarchical control system of the control module, the entire vibration test bench system can not only be uniformly scheduled at the control strategy layer and finely executed at the response layer, but also realize the dynamic closed-loop adjustment of control instructions through measurement feedback and attitude recognition, forming a vibration output control mechanism covering the whole process. It significantly improves the three-dimensional consistency, dynamic coordination and response adaptability of the simulated microseismic environment, providing strong support for the simulation of structural vibration behavior under complex working conditions.

[0136] Furthermore, the data analysis operation also includes historical pattern matching analysis and abnormal trend analysis;

[0137] The historical pattern matching analysis operation specifically includes:

[0138] Based on the vibration response feature vectors extracted within the sliding time window, call the preset historical microseismic response pattern library, judge the similarity between the current vibration state and the typical risk pattern through feature similarity calculation, and output the matching result and the corresponding status mark;

[0139] The abnormal trend analysis operation specifically includes: performing trend analysis on the vibration response characteristic parameters within a continuous time period, identifying mutations, drifts and spectral distortions in the vibration response based on the preset dynamic threshold rules, and outputting abnormal detection labels; the labels are used to prompt the deterioration of structural performance and the risk of abnormal excitation.

[0140] Specifically, in this embodiment, the analysis module is used to comprehensively analyze the vibration response data collected by the measurement module to support control strategy correction, judgment of the operating state of the test bench system, and structural safety assessment. The data analysis operations include, but are not limited to, three core analysis tasks: vibration characteristic evaluation, historical pattern matching analysis, and abnormal trend analysis, each of which is oriented to vibration data characteristics in different dimensions and time domain granularities.

[0141] Vibration characteristic evaluation is used to provide basic real-time analysis parameters. Its operations include extracting the following key indicators from the vibration response data within a sliding time window:

[0142] Principal vibration frequency: Analyze the spectrum of the current response signal through FFT or wavelet transform to identify the frequency with the maximum energy;

[0143] Frequency energy distribution: Construct a frequency-amplitude curve, statistically analyze the energy concentration region, and identify the spectrum transfer trend;

[0144] Envelope trend: Calculate the vibration envelope based on the Hilbert transform to analyze the attenuation, amplification, and stability of the excitation amplitude;

[0145] Vibration amplitude statistics: Such as RMS value, peak value, peak factor, waveform factor, etc., which reflect the signal stability;

[0146] Response spectrum morphology: Construct time-frequency diagrams, time-domain response diagrams, phase space diagrams, etc. to identify complex dynamic behaviors.

[0147] The above three types of data analysis operations form a functional closed-loop of the analysis module, which respectively act on current control correction, historical experience invocation, and forward-looking risk warning. Through the multi-level identification ability of the analysis module, it provides data-driven dynamic inputs for the vibration control module, enabling the control instructions to no longer be static configurations but to have the ability to dynamically couple with the structural response characteristics. At the same time, the abnormal trend analysis provides real-time perception ability for the operation of the entire vibration test bench system, helping to avoid test result distortion or structural damage caused by structural degradation, environmental changes, or control instability.

[0148] Embodiment 2

[0149] The second aspect of the present invention discloses a method for simulating microseismic environment vibration testing. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is a schematic flowchart of a method for simulating microseismic environment vibration testing disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:

[0150] Generate vibration control instructions based on the target vibration signal;

[0151] Generate corresponding mechanical vibrations according to the vibration control instructions;

[0152] During the test, vibration response data of the object under test is collected in real time;

[0153] Based on the vibration response data, data analysis operations are performed, and the data analysis operations include vibration characteristic evaluation;

[0154] According to the real-time vibration response data, the vibration control strategy is dynamically adjusted, and the vibration control command is corrected based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result.

[0155] Furthermore, the target vibration signal is a composite vibration control signal or a reconstructed waveform signal, and its generation process includes:

[0156] Performing a composite operation on multiple input source waveform signals to generate a composite vibration control signal; the source waveform signals include at least one of an artificially set waveform, a historical microseismic waveform, and a measured seismic wave signal.

[0157] Performing sampling rate conversion, filtering processing, and signal reconstruction operations on the imported historical microseismic waveform to obtain a reconstructed waveform signal.

[0158] Furthermore, the operation of dynamically adjusting the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data feedback by the measurement module specifically includes:

[0159] Calculating the error value between the actual output of the current vibration module and the target vibration signal according to the real-time vibration response data, and performing phase deviation correction and amplitude adjustment operations according to the error value;

[0160] Dynamically adjusting the vibration control strategy parameters according to the vibration error sequence within a continuous time window and the operating environment change parameters; the vibration control strategy parameters include gain coefficient, control lag term, and frequency band distribution.

[0161] Furthermore, the vibration characteristic evaluation results include the change of the main vibration frequency, the energy spectrum distribution, the envelope trend, the vibration amplitude statistic, and the response spectrum pattern. The operation of correcting the vibration control command based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result specifically includes:

[0162] Dynamically limiting the target frequency range according to the change of the main vibration frequency and the energy spectrum distribution;

[0163] Adjusting the upper amplitude limit and / or importing an amplitude suppression coefficient according to the envelope trend and the vibration amplitude statistic;

[0164] When the evaluation result indicates that there are distortions and / or feature distortions in the response spectrum pattern, perform signal smoothing processing and / or frequency band compression operations.

[0165] Furthermore, a small-amplitude excitation sequence command is preset before the test to obtain the initial response data of the object under test;

[0166] Determine the natural frequency range, resonance interval, and response sensitivity of the object under test based on the initial response data;

[0167] Adjust the target frequency band, input amplitude upper limit, measurement accuracy requirements, and data processing parameters in the subsequent vibration control strategy according to the determination results.

[0168] Further, the vibration control instruction includes applying vibration excitation in three orthogonal directions of X, Y, and Z;

[0169] The vibration outputs in the three directions can be configured as an independent output mode or a coordinated linkage mode; the coordinated linkage mode realizes the vibration fusion between multi-axis outputs through phase synchronization adjustment and amplitude ratio control operations.

[0170] Further, the method also includes real-time detecting the vibration displacement and spatial attitude response of each direction of the vibration system, and adjusting the multi-axis output strategy based on the detection results. The multi-axis output strategy represents the combined relationship including amplitude, frequency, and phase adopted by three independent drive axes when outputting vibration.

[0171] Determine the three-dimensional microseismic environment simulation conditions based on the adjustment of the multi-axis output strategy; the three-dimensional microseismic environment simulation conditions include coupled resonance, non-linear interaction, and displacement superposition.

[0172] Further, the method also includes coordinately adjusting the vibration output relationship between the three drive axes based on the multi-axis response data. The adjustment includes:

[0173] Judge the amplitude difference, phase shift, and energy coupling degree between the vibration responses in different axial directions;

[0174] Under the set three-dimensional microseismic simulation conditions, perform multi-axis linkage operations including amplitude redistribution, frequency fine-tuning, and coupled phase correction to form a hierarchical closed-loop regulation mechanism with the global vibration control strategy.

[0175] Further, the data analysis operation also includes historical pattern matching analysis and abnormal trend analysis;

[0176] The historical pattern matching analysis operation specifically includes:

[0177] Based on the vibration response feature vectors extracted within a sliding time window, call the preset historical microseismic response pattern library, judge the similarity degree between the current vibration state and the typical risk pattern through feature similarity calculation, and output the matching result and the corresponding status mark;

[0178] The abnormal trend analysis operation specifically includes: performing trend analysis on the vibration response characteristic parameters within a continuous time period, identifying mutations, drifts, and spectral distortions in the vibration response based on a preset dynamic threshold rule, and outputting an abnormal detection label; the label is used to prompt the deterioration of the structural performance and the risk of abnormal excitation.

[0179] It should be noted that the specific implementation process of the second embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment, and will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0180] Finally, it should be noted that: the vibration test bench and its test method for simulating a microseismic environment disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention only disclose the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment, characterized in that, The vibration test bench includes a vibration control module, a vibration module, a measurement module, and an analysis module; The vibration control module is used to generate a vibration control instruction based on a target vibration signal; The vibration module is used to generate corresponding mechanical vibrations according to the vibration control instruction; The measurement module is used to collect the vibration response data of the object under test in real time during the test, and send the vibration response data to the vibration control module and the analysis module; The analysis module is used to perform data analysis operations based on the vibration response data, and the data analysis operations include vibration characteristic evaluation; The vibration control module is also used to dynamically adjust the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data fed back by the measurement module, and correct the vibration control instruction based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result of the analysis module.

2. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 1, wherein, The vibration control module includes a multi-source composite signal sub-module and a waveform reconstruction sub-module; The multi-source composite signal sub-module is used to receive at least two input source waveform signals, perform a composite operation on the input multiple source waveform signals, and generate a composite vibration control signal; the source waveform signals include at least one of an artificially set waveform, a historical microseismic waveform, and a measured seismic wave signal; The waveform reconstruction sub-module is used to perform sampling rate conversion, filtering processing, and signal reconstruction operations on the imported historical microseismic waveform to obtain a reconstructed waveform signal; The target vibration signal is a composite vibration control signal or a reconstructed waveform signal.

3. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The vibration control module also includes a disturbance compensation sub-module and an adaptive control sub-module; The disturbance compensation sub-module and the adaptive control sub-module are used to perform the operation of dynamically adjusting the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data fed back by the measurement module; among them, The disturbance compensation sub-module is used to calculate the error value between the actual output of the current vibration module and the target vibration signal according to the real-time vibration response data, and perform phase deviation correction and amplitude adjustment operations according to the error value; The adaptive control sub-module is used to dynamically adjust the vibration control strategy parameters according to the vibration error sequence within a continuous time window and the operating environment change parameters; the vibration control strategy parameters include gain coefficients, control lag terms, and frequency band distributions.

4. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration control module also includes a correction sub-module, which is used to perform the operation of correcting the vibration control instruction based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result of the analysis module; the vibration characteristic evaluation results include the main vibration frequency change, energy spectrum distribution, envelope trend, vibration amplitude statistic, and response spectrum form; The operations performed by the correction sub-module specifically include: Dynamically defining the target frequency range according to the main vibration frequency change and energy spectrum distribution; Adjusting the amplitude upper limit and / or importing an amplitude suppression coefficient according to the envelope trend and vibration amplitude statistic; When the evaluation result shows that the response spectrum form has distortion and / or feature distortion, perform signal smoothing processing and / or frequency band compression operations.

5. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 4, wherein The vibration control module also includes an automatic calibration sub-module, which is used to send a preset small-amplitude excitation sequence instruction to the vibration module before the test to obtain the initial response data of the object under test; Based on the initial response data, the analysis module determines the natural frequency range, resonance interval, and response sensitivity of the object under test; Adjust the target frequency band, input amplitude upper limit, measurement accuracy requirements, and data processing parameters in the subsequent vibration control strategy according to the determination result.

6. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that The vibration module includes three independent drive shaft systems, which are respectively used to apply vibration excitation in three orthogonal directions of X, Y, and Z. The vibration outputs in the three directions can be configured as an independent output mode or a coordinated linkage mode; the coordinated linkage mode realizes vibration fusion between multi-axis outputs through phase synchronization adjustment and amplitude ratio control operations.

7. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 6, wherein The vibration module further includes an attitude detection sub-module, which is used to detect the vibration displacement and spatial attitude response of each direction of the vibration module in real time, and feedback the detection result to the vibration module. The multi-axis output strategy is adjusted based on the detection result by the vibration module; the multi-axis output strategy represents the combined relationship including amplitude, frequency, and phase adopted by the three independent drive shafts when outputting vibration. Determine the three-dimensional microseismic environment simulation conditions based on the adjustment of the multi-axis output strategy; the three-dimensional microseismic environment simulation conditions include coupled resonance, non-linear interaction, and displacement superposition.

8. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vibration module further includes a dynamic coupling adjustment sub-module, which is used to coordinately adjust the vibration output relationship between the three drive shafts based on the multi-axis response data fed back by the measurement module. The adjustment includes: Judging the amplitude difference, phase shift, and energy coupling degree between the vibration responses in different axial directions; Under the set three-dimensional microseismic simulation conditions, perform multi-axis linkage operations including amplitude reallocation, frequency fine-tuning, and coupling phase correction, and form a hierarchical closed-loop control mechanism with the global vibration control strategy of the vibration control module.

9. The vibration test bench for simulating a microseismic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that The data analysis operation further includes historical pattern matching analysis and abnormal trend analysis; The historical pattern matching analysis operation specifically includes: Based on the vibration response feature vectors extracted within the sliding time window, call the preset historical microseismic response pattern library, judge the similarity between the current vibration state and the typical risk pattern through feature similarity calculation, and output the matching result and the corresponding status mark. The abnormal trend analysis operation specifically includes: performing trend analysis on the vibration response characteristic parameters within a continuous time period, identifying mutations, drifts, and spectrum distortions in the vibration response based on the preset dynamic threshold rules, and outputting an abnormal detection label; the label is used to prompt the deterioration of the structural performance and the risk of abnormal excitation.

10. A method for simulating microseismic environment vibration testing, the method being applied to the vibration testing table according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes: Generating a vibration control command based on the target vibration signal; Generating corresponding mechanical vibration according to the vibration control command; Collecting the vibration response data of the object under test in real time during the test; Performing a data analysis operation based on the vibration response data, and the data analysis operation includes vibration characteristic evaluation; Dynamically adjusting the vibration control strategy according to the real-time vibration response data, and correcting the vibration control command based on the real-time vibration characteristic evaluation result.

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