Waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting, and relates to the technical field of peach tree planting. The waterlogging prevention and control method comprises the following steps: S1, peach orchard construction: site selection; performing planning; fertilizing and backfilling; constructing a drainage system; s2, tillage management: performing soil tillage; soil improvement; irrigation management; s3, rainstorm rain-proof measures: checking and dredging drainage ditches; covering the ground; chemical prevention and treatment; treating affected plants. According to the waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting, the waterlogging resistance can be improved, through reasonable peach garden construction and tillage management, the waterlogging resistance of peach trees is enhanced, and the influence of waterlogging on growth of the peach trees is reduced; by adopting a method of combining rainstorm defense measures and medicament prevention and control, the probability that the peach trees are infected with diseases due to accumulated water is effectively reduced; the waterlogging prevention and control method is beneficial to healthy growth of the peach trees, and the yield and the fruit quality of the peach trees are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of peach tree planting, and in particular to a waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting. Background Art

[0002] Peach trees are deciduous small arbor plants of the genus Prunus in the Rosaceae family. Originating in China, they have a long cultivation history and diverse values. During the planting process of peach trees, waterlogging is a common natural disaster that affects the growth and survival of peach trees.

[0003] The main cause of waterlogging in peach trees is excessive water in the soil, which leads to oxygen deficiency in the roots and inability to carry out aerobic respiration and absorb nutrients normally. The roots of peach trees are mainly distributed within about 20 to 30 centimeters from the ground surface and are horizontally distributed radially, which makes them particularly vulnerable to waterlogging. When there is excessive water in the soil, the oxygen content decreases, the aerobic respiration efficiency of the roots drops, resulting in root suffocation, and the mortality rate of absorbing roots is as high as 90%. In addition, waterlogging also causes the accumulation of toxic metabolites such as ethanol and acetaldehyde, further damaging the roots. In view of this, the present invention proposes a waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention discloses a waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting, aiming to solve the technical problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting, comprising the following steps: S1. Peach orchard construction: Site selection, select land with sufficient sunlight, good ventilation, relatively high terrain and convenient drainage; Planning, carry out planting planning with a plant spacing of 2m×3m, and control the planting density per mu at 90 - 100 plants; Fertilization and backfilling, use mechanical deep digging to form a planting trench with a width of 80 - 100 cm and a depth of 100 - 120 cm; backfill 20 - 30 cm thick crop straw and decomposed organic fertilizer in the planting trench, 1800 - 2000 kg per mu, and finally backfill the topsoil to 20 - 30 cm above the trench surface; Construct a drainage system, arrange a drainage ditch for each row of plants to ensure timely drainage of rainwater; S2. Cultivation management: Soil cultivation, use automated cultivation equipment to cultivate the soil, and at the same time, in order to prevent weeds from competing for fertilizer and water with peach trees, it is necessary to cultivate the rows between peach trees every 15 - 20 days to keep the soil loose and weed-free; Soil improvement, except for the tree trays, plant leguminous grasses throughout the orchard to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure; Irrigation management: Irrigate according to the water requirements of peach trees and the soil moisture content through drip irrigation to avoid excessive waterlogging. S3. Rainstorm prevention measures: Drainage ditch inspection and dredging: When the rainfall is large in summer, inspect the drainage ditches at least three times a day and promptly dredge the blocked drainage ditches. Ground covering: Lay plastic film under the tree canopy to isolate rainwater outside the tree basin, reduce rainwater infiltration and sedimentation, and deal with the water accumulation on the film after rain. Chemical control; Treatment of damaged plants: Promptly dig out the dead peach trees with their roots and transport them out of the orchard for destruction.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, when selecting a site for peach tree planting, the land should be sandy or gravelly soil that is deep, loose, and has good drainage, and the pH value of the selected land should be between 6.5 and 7.5. At the same time, the selected land should not have been planted with peach trees for at least 5 years.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, when planning the planting, mechanically dig deep planting trenches with a width of 80 - 100 cm and a depth of 100 - 120 cm, and break the soil hardpan layer.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, when improving the soil, it is also necessary to cover 8 - 12 cm thick biological straw under the peach tree canopy and add it every year to maintain the covering thickness.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, when using chemicals for control, it is necessary to carry out root irrigation with chemicals such as carbendazim and ammonium dithane after rain to prevent peach trees from being infected with root rot, stem rot and other diseases due to waterlogging.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, when dealing with damaged plants, it is necessary to spray equal - volume Bordeaux mixture on the soil under the canopy of the dead peach trees for disinfection to prevent the spread of germs.

[0011] As can be seen from the above. A waterlogging prevention and control method for peach tree planting provided by the present invention has the following technical effects.

[0012] First: Improve waterlogging resistance: Through reasonable orchard construction and cultivation management, the waterlogging resistance of peach trees is enhanced, and the impact of waterlogging on the growth of peach trees is reduced.

[0013] Second: Reduce the occurrence of diseases: By combining rainstorm prevention measures and chemical control, the probability of peach trees being infected with diseases due to waterlogging is effectively reduced.

[0014] Second: Increase yield and quality: The waterlogging prevention and control method of the present invention helps the healthy growth of peach trees, and improves the yield and fruit quality of peach trees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figure 1 , a waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting, including the following steps: S1. Peach orchard construction: Site selection, select a land with sufficient sunlight, good ventilation, high terrain and convenient drainage; In a preferred embodiment, when selecting a site for peach tree planting, the land should be deep, loose, sandy or gravelly soil with good drainage, and the pH value of the selected land should be between 6.5 and 7.5. At the same time, the selected land should not have been planted with peach trees for at least 5 years.

[0019] Planning, carry out planting planning with a plant spacing of 2m×3m, and control the planting density per mu at 90-100 plants; In a preferred embodiment, when planning the planting, mechanical deep digging of the planting trench should be adopted, with the trench width of 80-100cm and the depth of 100-120cm, and the soil hardpan layer should be broken.

[0020] Fertilization and backfilling, backfill 20-30cm thick crop straw and decomposed organic fertilizer in the planting trench, 1800-2000kg per mu, and finally backfill the topsoil to 20-30cm above the trench surface; Construct a drainage system, arrange a drainage ditch for each row of plants to ensure that rainwater is discharged in time; S2. Cultivation management: Soil tillage: Use automated tillage equipment to till the soil. At the same time, to prevent weeds from competing with peach trees for water and nutrients, tillage should be carried out between the rows of the peach orchard every 15 - 20 days to keep the soil loose and weed-free. Soil improvement: Except for the tree basins, plant leguminous grasses throughout the orchard to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure. In a preferred embodiment, when improving the soil, it is also necessary to cover 8 - 12 cm thick biological straw under the peach tree canopy and add a new layer every year to maintain the covering thickness.

[0021] Irrigation management: Irrigate according to the water demand of the peach trees and the soil water content by drip irrigation to avoid excessive waterlogging. S3. Rainstorm prevention measures: Drainage ditch inspection and dredging: When the rainfall is large in summer, inspect the drainage ditches at least three times a day and promptly dredge the blocked drainage ditches. Ground covering: Lay plastic film under the tree canopy to isolate rainwater outside the tree basin, reduce rainwater infiltration and sedimentation, and deal with the accumulated water on the film after rain. Chemical control; In a preferred embodiment, when using chemicals for control, carbendazim should be used for root irrigation after rain to prevent peach trees from being infected with diseases such as root rot and stem rot due to waterlogging.

[0022] Treatment of damaged plants: Promptly dig out the dead peach trees with their roots and transport them out of the orchard for destruction.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, when dealing with damaged plants, it is necessary to spray equal - amount Bordeaux mixture on the soil under the canopy of the dead peach trees for disinfection to prevent the spread of pathogens.

[0024] Example 2 Example 1 Reference Figure 1 , A waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting, including the following steps: S1. Peach orchard construction: Site selection: Select land with sufficient sunlight, good ventilation, relatively high terrain and convenient drainage. In a preferred embodiment, when selecting a site for peach tree planting, the land should be deep, loose, sandy or gravelly soil with good drainage, the pH value of the selected land should be between 6.5 - 7.5, and the selected land should not have been planted with peach trees for at least 5 years.

[0025] Planning: Carry out planting planning with a plant spacing of 2m × 3m, and control the planting density per mu at 90 - 100 plants. In a preferred embodiment, when planning the planting, mechanical deep digging of the planting trench should be carried out, where the width of the trench is 80-100 cm and the depth is 100-120 cm, and the soil hardpan layer should be broken.

[0026] Fertilization and backfilling: Backfill 20-30 cm thick crop straw and decomposed organic fertilizer in the planting trench, 1800-2000 kg per mu, and finally backfill the topsoil to 20-30 cm from the trench surface. Construct a drainage system: Arrange a drainage ditch for each row of plants to ensure that rainwater is discharged in time. S2. Cultivation management: Soil cultivation: Use automated cultivation equipment to cultivate the soil. At the same time, in order to prevent weeds from competing with peach trees for fertilizer and water, it is necessary to cultivate between the rows of the peach orchard every 15-20 days to keep the soil loose and weed-free. Soil improvement: Except for the tree tray, plant leguminous grass in the whole orchard to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure. In a preferred embodiment, when improving the soil, it is also necessary to cover 8-12 cm thick biological straw under the crown of the peach tree and add it every year to maintain the covering thickness.

[0027] Irrigation management: Irrigate by drip irrigation according to the water demand of the peach tree and the soil moisture content to avoid excessive waterlogging. S3. Rainstorm prevention measures: Drainage ditch inspection and dredging: When the rainfall is large in summer, check the drainage ditch at least three times a day and dredge the blocked drainage ditch in time. Ground covering: Lay plastic film under the crown to isolate rainwater outside the tree tray, reduce rainwater infiltration and sedimentation, and deal with the accumulated water on the film after rain. Chemical control; In a preferred embodiment, when using chemicals for control, it is necessary to carry out root irrigation treatment with ammonium dithionate after rain to prevent peach trees from being infected with root rot, stem rot and other diseases due to waterlogging.

[0028] Treatment of damaged plants: Immediately dig out the dead peach trees with their roots and transport them out of the orchard for destruction.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, when dealing with damaged plants, it is necessary to spray equal amount Bordeaux mixture on the soil under the crown of the dead peach trees for disinfection treatment to prevent the spread of pathogens.

[0030] Referring to Example 1 and Example 2, root irrigation treatment with carbendazim and ammonium dithionate after rain can both prevent peach trees from being infected with root rot, stem rot and other diseases due to waterlogging.

[0031] In summary, the waterlogging prevention and control method for peach tree planting provided by the present invention can improve the waterlogging resistance ability. Through reasonable orchard construction and tillage management, the waterlogging resistance ability of peach trees is enhanced, and the impact of waterlogging on the growth of peach trees is reduced. At the same time, it can reduce the occurrence of diseases. By combining rainstorm prevention measures and chemical control methods, the probability of peach trees being infected with diseases due to water accumulation is effectively reduced. Moreover, it can increase the yield and quality. The waterlogging prevention and control method of the present invention helps the healthy growth of peach trees and improves the yield and fruit quality of peach trees.

[0032] As described above, the above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The substitution may be the substitution of some structures, devices, and method steps, or a complete technical solution. Any equivalent substitution or change made according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Taoyuan construction: Site selection: Select land with sufficient sunlight, good ventilation, a relatively high terrain, and convenient drainage; Planning: Conduct planting planning with a plant spacing of 2m×3m, and control the planting density per mu at 90 - 100 plants; Fertilization and backfilling: Backfill 20 - 30 cm thick crop straw and well - decomposed organic fertilizer in the planting trench, 1800 - 2000 kg per mu, and finally backfill the topsoil to 20 - 30 cm above the trench surface; Construct a drainage system: Arrange a drainage ditch for each row of plants to ensure timely drainage of rainwater; S2. Cultivation management: Soil cultivation: Use automated cultivation equipment to cultivate the soil. At the same time, to prevent weeds from competing for fertilizer and water with peach trees, it is necessary to cultivate the rows in the Taoyuan every 15 - 20 days to keep the soil loose and weed - free; Soil improvement: Except for the tree trays, plant leguminous grass throughout the orchard to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structure; Irrigation management: Irrigate according to the water demand of peach trees and soil moisture content by drip irrigation to avoid excessive waterlogging; S3. Rainstorm protection measures: Drainage ditch inspection and dredging: When the rainfall is large in summer, check the drainage ditches at least three times a day and promptly dredge the blocked drainage ditches; Ground covering: Lay plastic film under the tree canopy to isolate rainwater outside the tree tray, reduce rainwater infiltration and sedimentation, and deal with the water accumulation on the film after rain; Chemical control; Treatment of damaged plants: Promptly dig out the dead peach trees with their roots and transport them out of the orchard for destruction.

2. The waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, when selecting a site for peach tree planting, the land should be deep, loose, sandy or gravelly soil with good drainage, the pH value of the selected land should be between 6.5 - 7.5, and the selected land should not have been planted with peach trees for at least 5 years.

3. A waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, when conducting planting planning, use mechanical deep digging to form a planting trench, with the trench width of 80 - 100 cm and depth of 100 - 120 cm, and break the soil hardpan layer.

4. The waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting according to claim 1, wherein, In step S2, when improving the soil, it is also necessary to cover 8 - 12 cm thick biological straw under the peach tree canopy and add it every year to maintain the covering thickness.

5. The waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when using chemicals for control, after rain, use carbendazim for root irrigation to prevent peach trees from being infected with root rot, stem rot and other diseases due to waterlogging.

6. A waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when using chemicals for control, after rain, use ammonium carbamate for root irrigation to prevent peach trees from being infected with root rot, stem rot and other diseases due to waterlogging.

7. A waterlogging prevention and control method based on peach tree planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when dealing with damaged plants, it is necessary to spray equal - amount Bordeaux mixture on the soil under the canopy of the dead peach trees for disinfection to prevent the spread of germs.

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