A welding device and welding method for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of axle housing preparation, and particularly relates to a welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcing ring, which comprises an axle housing body and a back cover and a reinforcing ring respectively welded on both sides of the axle housing body, and the welding device comprises first welding devices for spot welding the back cover and the reinforcing ring on both sides of the axle housing body respectively and second welding devices for full welding of the spot-welded back cover and reinforcing ring; the second welding device comprises a base, a first clamping mechanism arranged on the base for clamping and driving the axle housing to rotate, a second clamping mechanism arranged on the base and opposite to the first clamping mechanism, a first welding equipment for full welding of the reinforcing ring on one side of the base, and a second welding equipment for full welding of the back cover on one side of the base, and the first welding equipment and the second welding equipment can simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring and the back cover respectively; the welding of the reinforcing ring and the back cover can be completed through cooperation of the first welding device and the second welding device, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of axle housing preparation, and particularly relates to a welding device and method for axle housing back cover and reinforcing ring. BACKGROUND

[0002] The axle housing is a basic part for installing the main reducer, differential, half shaft, wheel hub and suspension, and mainly functions to support and protect the main reducer, differential and half shaft. The reinforcing ring and back cover are main components on the axle housing, and the welding quality of the splicing position directly affects the air tightness of the whole axle. The reinforcing ring and back cover are respectively welded with the axle housing body in the current axle housing processing and manufacturing in the industry, and the welding process is multiple, the processing efficiency is slow, and the processing cost is high, which needs to be further improved. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a welding device and method for axle housing back cover and reinforcing ring.

[0004] The application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcing ring, the axle housing comprises an axle housing body and a back cover and a reinforcing ring respectively welded on both sides of the axle housing body, the back cover is provided with a positioning hole, and the device comprises a first welding device for respectively spot welding the back cover and the reinforcing ring on both sides of the axle housing body and a second welding device for full welding of the spot-welded back cover and reinforcing ring.

[0006] The first welding device comprises a spot welding frame, a welding seat movably arranged on the spot welding frame, a positioning ring arranged on the welding seat, a positioning column arranged on the positioning ring and extending upward into the positioning hole, a positioning frame arranged on one side of the welding seat, a positioning plate arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame and capable of being flipped downward to position the back cover, a lifting mechanism arranged on the spot welding frame and connected and driven to move the welding seat up and down, and two support brackets oppositely arranged on the spot welding frame and located on both sides of the welding seat.

[0007] The second welding device comprises a base, a first clamping mechanism arranged on the base and used for clamping and driving the axle housing to rotate, a second clamping mechanism arranged on the base and opposite to the first clamping mechanism, a first welding equipment arranged on one side of the base and used for full welding of the reinforcing ring, and a second welding equipment arranged on one side of the base and used for full welding of the back cover, and the axle housing is rotatably arranged between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism so that the first welding equipment and the second welding equipment simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring and the back cover, respectively.

[0008] Further, the first clamping mechanism is opposite to the reinforcing ring and comprises a first clamping seat arranged on the base, a clamping assembly rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat for clamping the bridge shell, and a rotating assembly arranged on the first clamping seat and capable of driving the clamping assembly to rotate; the second clamping mechanism is opposite to the back cover and comprises a second clamping seat arranged on the base and opposite to the first clamping seat, and a positioning pin arranged on the second clamping seat and capable of supporting the back cover, the bridge shell is rotatably arranged between the clamping assembly and the positioning pin, so that the first welding device and the second welding device simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring and the back cover respectively, and the base is formed with a rotating area extending downward from the top of the base for the rotation of the bridge shell.

[0009] Further, the bridge shell body is formed with a mounting hole extending through one side to the other side, the back cover and the reinforcing ring are welded on the two sides of the mounting hole respectively, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping shaft rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat, a pneumatic chuck arranged at the front end of the clamping shaft, and a plurality of clamping claws circumferentially distributed on the pneumatic chuck and capable of clamping or releasing the bridge shell, the clamping shaft is rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat through a bearing, and the clamping claws can extend into the mounting hole and move outward under the action of the pneumatic chuck to abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole to clamp and fix the bridge shell.

[0010] Further, the rotating assembly comprises a rotating motor arranged on the first clamping seat, a first bevel gear arranged on the output shaft of the rotating motor, and a second bevel gear arranged on the clamping shaft and meshing with the first bevel gear.

[0011] Further, the second clamping mechanism further comprises a moving assembly arranged on the base and capable of moving the second clamping seat back and forth relative to the first clamping seat, the moving assembly comprises two moving slides oppositely arranged on the base, two moving blocks oppositely arranged on the bottom of the second clamping seat and respectively matched with the two moving slides, a moving cylinder arranged on the base, and a connecting block arranged at the front end of the moving cylinder and connected with the second clamping seat.

[0012] Further, the support bracket is formed with a support groove extending downward from the upper end of the support bracket, and the two ends of the bridge shell body can be supported in the two support grooves.

[0013] Further, the back cover comprises a main body portion arranged in a semicircle, an extension portion arranged at the lower end of the main body portion and extending downward, and a connecting portion extending radially and outwardly from the lower end of the extension portion and connected with the bridge shell body, the positioning plate and the opposite surface of the back cover are formed with an arc-shaped positioning groove extending inwardly, when the back cover is spot-welded, the positioning plate can be flipped downward with the lower end supported on the connecting portion, at this time, the inner wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove is matched with the outer peripheral surface of the extension portion.

[0014] Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting piece arranged on the spot welding frame, a lifting shaft having one end connected with the lifting piece and the other end extending upward and connected with the welding seat, a plurality of guide sleeves circumferentially arranged on the spot welding frame, a plurality of guide rods movably arranged in the plurality of guide sleeves respectively and having upper ends connected with the welding seat, a guide plate connected with lower ends of the plurality of guide rods, a first protective sleeve arranged on the outer periphery of the lifting shaft, and a plurality of second protective sleeves respectively arranged on the outer periphery of the plurality of guide rods.

[0015] Further, the positioning plate is reversibly arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame via a hinge, and the positioning ring is detachably arranged on the welding seat via a bolt.

[0016] A welding method of a back cover and a reinforcing ring of an axle housing is performed based on the welding device of any one of the above, and the specific welding process comprises the following steps.

[0017] Step one, moving the axle housing body to be supported on two support brackets at two ends respectively, driving the welding seat to move upward by the lifting mechanism to support the axle housing body on the welding seat, at this time, the two ends of the axle housing body are separated from the relative support brackets;

[0018] Step two, spot welding the reinforcing ring on one side of the axle housing body, driving the welding seat to move downward and reset by the lifting mechanism, supporting the two ends of the axle housing body on the two support brackets again, then driving the axle housing body to overturn 180° on the two support brackets, and continuing to drive the welding seat to move upward by the lifting mechanism to support the axle housing body on the welding seat, at this time, the positioning ring can be embedded in the reinforcing ring to preliminarily position the axle housing body;

[0019] Step three, aligning the positioning holes on the back cover with the positioning columns, then moving the back cover downward to support on the axle housing body, and turning down the positioning plate to position the back cover, at this time, the back cover can be spot welded on the axle housing body through spot welding;

[0020] Step four, moving the axle housing with the back cover and the reinforcing ring spot welded to the second welding device, clamping the axle housing by the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism, then driving the axle housing to rotate by the first clamping mechanism, so that the first welding equipment and the second welding equipment simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring and the back cover respectively, to complete the welding of the back cover and the reinforcing ring of the axle housing.

[0021] From the above description of the present application, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: by limiting the structure of the welding device, the point welding and full welding of the reinforcing ring and the back cover are realized through the cooperation of the first welding device and the second welding device, without the need to set up multiple devices, the welding work of the reinforcing ring and the back cover can be completed, greatly improving the processing efficiency, wherein the structure of the first welding device is specifically limited, the welding seat moving up and down cooperates with the two support brackets to realize the point welding of the reinforcing ring and the back cover on the same device, simplifying the point welding process of the reinforcing ring and the back cover; the structure of the second welding device is specifically limited, the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism cooperate to clamp and position the axle housing, and then the rotating assembly drives the axle housing to rotate, so that the first welding device and the second welding device can simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring and the back cover respectively, effectively reducing the time of step-by-step full welding of the reinforcing ring and the back cover, and greatly improving the work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the welding device;

[0023] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the first welding device Figure One ;

[0024] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the first welding device Figure Two ;

[0025] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the second welding device Figure One ;

[0026] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the second welding device Figure Two ;

[0027] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the second welding device Figure Three ;

[0028] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the axle housing Figure One ;

[0029] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the axle housing Figure Two ;

[0030] In the figure, 1-axle housing, 2-first welding device, 3-second welding device, 4-base, 5-first clamping mechanism, 6-second clamping mechanism, 7-first welding equipment, 8-second welding equipment, 11-axle housing body, 12-stiffening ring, 13-back cover, 131-main body, 132-extension, 133-connection part, 14-mounting hole, 15-positioning hole, 21-spot welding frame, 211-bar hole, 22-welding seat, 23-positioning ring, 24-positioning column, 25-positioning frame, 26-positioning plate, 261-arc positioning groove, 262-hinge, 27-lifting mechanism, 271-lifting piece, 272-lifting shaft, 273-guide sleeve, 274-guide rod, 275-guide plate, 276-first protective sleeve, 277-second protective sleeve, 28-support bracket, 281-support groove, 282-locking hole, 41-rotation area, 51-first clamping seat, 52-clamping assembly, 521-clamping shaft, 522-pneumatic chuck, 523-clamping jaw, 53-rotation assembly, 531-rotation motor, 532-first bevel gear, 533-second bevel gear, 61-second clamping seat, 62-positioning pin, 621-groove, 622-circular surface, 63-moving assembly, 631-moving slide rail, 632-moving block, 633-moving cylinder, 634-connection block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The application will be further described in the following specific embodiments.

[0032] Referring to Figures 7 to 8 As shown in the figure, the axle housing 1 includes an axle housing body 11 and a back cover 13 and a stiffening ring 12 respectively welded on both sides of the axle housing body 11, wherein the axle housing body 11 is formed with a mounting hole 14 extending through from one side to the other side, and the back cover 13 and the stiffening ring 12 are respectively welded on both sides of the mounting hole 14; the back cover 13 is provided with a positioning hole 15; specifically, the back cover 13 includes a semicircular main body 131, an extension 132 extending downward at the lower end of the main body 131, and a connection part 133 extending radially outward from the lower end of the extension 132 and connected with the axle housing body 11, and the positioning hole 15 is arranged on the main body 131.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, a kind of axle housing back cover and the welding device of stiffening ring, including for the back cover 13 and the stiffening ring 12 respectively spot welding in the first welding device 2 and the second welding device 3 of the both sides of axle housing body 11 to the spot-welded back cover 13 and the stiffening ring 12 are carried out full welding.

[0034] The first welding device 2 comprises a spot welding frame 21, a welding seat 22 movably arranged on the spot welding frame 21, a positioning ring 23 arranged on the welding seat 22, a positioning column 24 arranged on the positioning ring 23 and extending upward into the positioning hole 15, a positioning frame 25 arranged on one side of the welding seat 22, a positioning plate 26 arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame 25 and capable of being flipped downward to position the back cover 13, a lifting mechanism 27 arranged on the spot welding frame 21 and connected to and driving the welding seat 22 to move up and down, and two support brackets 28 oppositely arranged on the spot welding frame 21 and located on both sides of the welding seat 22, wherein the support bracket 28 is formed with a V-shaped support groove 281 extending downward from the upper end thereof, and the axle housing body 11 is supported at both ends thereof in the two support grooves 281. Through the arrangement of the two support brackets 28, the position of the axle housing body 11 just entering the first welding device 2 is corrected, so as to ensure the spot welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13. Specifically, the opposite surface of the positioning plate 26 and the back cover 13 is formed with an arc-shaped positioning groove 261 extending inward. When the back cover 13 is spot welded, the positioning plate 26 can be flipped downward to support the lower end thereof on the connecting portion 133 to position the back cover 13. At this time, the inner wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove 261 is matched with the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 132. The position of the back cover 13 is positioned by the positioning column 24 and the positioning plate 26, so as to improve the accuracy of the spot welding position of the back cover 13 and ensure the air tightness of the prepared axle housing 1. Further, the positioning plate 26 is arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame 25 through a hinge 262, and the positioning ring 23 is detachably arranged on the welding seat 22 through a bolt, so as to replace the positioning plate 26 and the positioning ring 23 of corresponding sizes according to different models and sizes of the axle housing 1, and improve the application range of the first welding device 2.

[0035] The lifting mechanism 27 comprises a lifting piece 271 arranged on the spot welding frame 21, a lifting shaft 272 connected at one end to the lifting piece 271 and extending upward to be connected to the welding seat 22, a plurality of guide sleeves 273 circumferentially distributed on the spot welding frame 21, a plurality of guide rods 274 movably arranged in the plurality of guide sleeves 273 and connected at lower ends to the welding seat 22, a guide plate 275 connected to the lower ends of the plurality of guide rods 274, a first protective sleeve 276 sleeved on the outer periphery of the lifting shaft 272, and a plurality of second protective sleeves 277 respectively sleeved on the outer peripheries of the plurality of guide rods 274. The first protective sleeve 276 and the second protective sleeve 277 are made of flexible rubber, so as to protect the lifting shaft 272 and the guide rods 274 from being damaged by splashed welding slag during the spot welding process. Specifically, the lifting piece 271 is a gas cylinder or other structure capable of driving the lifting shaft 272 to move up and down. When the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 are spot welded, the lifting piece 271 drives the welding seat 22 to move upward to the highest position, so that the both ends of the axle housing body 11 are respectively separated from the opposite support brackets 28, and the spot welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 is stably ensured. Further, when the welding seat 22 is lowered to the lowest position, the first protective sleeve 276 and the second protective sleeve 277 are in a compressed state.

[0036] The support bracket 28 is movably arranged on the spot welding frame 21, wherein the top surface of the spot welding frame 21 is formed with a strip-shaped hole 211 extending along the moving direction of the support bracket 28, the bottom of the support bracket 28 is formed with a locking hole 282 opposite to the strip-shaped hole 211, when the support bracket 28 is fixed, bolts pass through the locking hole 282 and the strip-shaped hole 211 in sequence, and the support bracket 28 is locked and fixed by cooperating with the nuts; during spot welding, the distance between the two support brackets 28 can be adjusted according to different sizes and models of the axle housing 1 to ensure that the support bracket 28 supports the axle housing body 11.

[0037] The second welding device 3 comprises a base 4, a first clamping mechanism 5 arranged on the base 4 for clamping and driving the axle housing 1 to rotate, a second clamping mechanism 6 arranged on the base 4 opposite to the first clamping mechanism 5, a first welding equipment 7 located on one side of the base 4 for full welding of the reinforcing ring 12, and a second welding equipment 8 located on one side of the base 4 for full welding of the back cover 13, when the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 are full welded, the axle housing 1 can be rotatably arranged between the first clamping mechanism 5 and the second clamping mechanism 6 so that the first welding equipment 7 and the second welding equipment 8 simultaneously full weld the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 respectively, wherein the base 4 is formed with a rotating area 41 extending downward from the top thereof for rotation of the axle housing 1; specifically, the first welding equipment 7 and the second welding equipment 8 are common welding equipment in the field of axle housing 1 preparation, and no further description is made herein to the specific structure thereof

[0038] The first clamping mechanism 5, opposite to the reinforcing ring 12, comprises a first clamping seat 51 arranged on the base 4, a clamping assembly 52 rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat 51 for clamping the axle housing 1, and a rotating assembly 53 arranged on the first clamping seat 51 and capable of driving the clamping assembly 52 to rotate.

[0039] The clamping assembly 52 comprises a clamping shaft 521 rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat 51, a pneumatic chuck 522 arranged at the front end of the clamping shaft 521, and a plurality of clamping jaws 523 circumferentially distributed on the pneumatic chuck 522 and capable of clamping or releasing the axle housing 1, wherein the clamping shaft 521 is rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat 51 through a bearing, when the axle housing 1 is clamped, the clamping jaws 523 can extend into the mounting hole 14 and move outward to abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole 14 under the action of the pneumatic chuck 522 to clamp and fix the axle housing 1; specifically, the pneumatic chuck 522 is a four-jaw pneumatic chuck, and the clamping jaws 523 are provided with four clamping jaws.

[0040] The rotating assembly 53 comprises a rotating motor 531 arranged on the first clamping seat 51, a first bevel gear 532 arranged on an output shaft of the rotating motor 531, and a second bevel gear 533 arranged on the clamping shaft 521 and engaged with the first bevel gear 532. Through the structure of the rotating assembly 53, the rotation of the clamping shaft 521 is realized by the engagement of the first bevel gear 532 and the second bevel gear 533, the friction in the transmission process is reduced, the rotation of the axle housing 1 is stable, and the full welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 by the first welding device 7 and the second welding device 8 is ensured.

[0041] The second clamping mechanism 6, opposite to the back cover 13, comprises a second clamping seat 61 arranged on the base 4 and opposite to the first clamping seat 51, a positioning pin 62 arranged on the second clamping seat 61 and used for supporting the clamping of the back cover 13, and a moving assembly 63 arranged on the base 4 and used for driving the second clamping seat 61 to move back and forth relative to the first clamping seat 51. The opposite surface of the positioning pin 62 and the back cover 13 forms an inwardly extending groove 621, and the groove 621 and the opposite surface of the back cover 13 form a circular arc surface 622 abutting against the surface of the back cover 13. Through the arrangement of the circular arc surface 622, the stable rotation of the axle housing 1 is ensured. Specifically, the moving assembly 63 comprises two moving slides 631 arranged opposite to each other on the base 4, two moving blocks 632 arranged opposite to each other on the bottom of the second clamping seat 61 and matched with the two moving slides 631, a moving cylinder 633 arranged on the base 4, and a connecting block 634 arranged on the front end of the moving cylinder 633 and connected with the second clamping seat 61. When the axle housing 1 is fully welded, the axle housing 1 is moved from the welding seat 22 to the first clamping mechanism 5 by the manipulator, the plurality of clamping jaws 523 are inserted into the mounting hole 14, then the pneumatic chuck 522 controls the plurality of clamping jaws 523 to move outward and abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole 14 to fix the axle housing 1, then the moving assembly 63 controls the positioning pin 62 to move in the direction close to the back cover 13, so that the circular arc surface 622 of the groove 621 abuts against the outer surface of the back cover 13, and the clamping of the axle housing 1 is completed. Finally, the rotating assembly 53 cooperates with the first welding device 7 and the second welding device 8 to simultaneously complete the full welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13.

[0042] A welding method for a back cover and a reinforcing ring of an axle housing is based on the above welding device, and the specific welding process comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step one, move the axle housing body 11 to be supported at both ends on two support brackets 28 respectively, and work the lifting mechanism 27 to drive the welding seat 22 to move upward so that the axle housing body 11 is supported on the welding seat 22. At this time, the two ends of the axle housing body 11 are separated from the opposite support brackets 28.

[0044] Step two, the reinforcing ring 12 is spot welded on one side of the axle housing body 11, the lifting mechanism 27 drives the welding seat 22 to move downward to reset, the axle housing body 11 is supported on the two support brackets 28, then the axle housing body 11 is flipped 180° on the two support brackets 28, the lifting mechanism 27 continues to work to drive the welding seat 22 to move upward to support the axle housing body 11 on the welding seat 22, at this time, the positioning ring 23 can be embedded in the reinforcing ring 12 to preliminarily position the axle housing body 11;

[0045] Step three, the positioning hole 15 on the back cover 13 is opposite to the positioning column 24, then the back cover 13 is moved downward to be supported on the axle housing body 11, the positioning plate 26 is flipped downward to position the back cover 13, at this time, the back cover 13 can be spot welded on the axle housing body 11 through spot welding;

[0046] Step four, the axle housing 1 with the back cover 13 and the reinforcing ring 12 spot welded is moved to the first clamping mechanism 5 by the mechanical hand, the plurality of clamping jaws 523 are inserted into the mounting hole 14, then the pneumatic chuck 522 controls the plurality of clamping jaws 523 to move outward to be in abutment with the inner wall of the mounting hole 14 to fix the axle housing 1, then the moving assembly 63 controls the positioning pin 62 to move along the direction close to the back cover 13, so that the circular arc surface 622 of the groove 621 is in abutment with the outer surface of the back cover 13, the clamping of the axle housing 1 is completed;

[0047] Step five, the motor 531 is rotated to drive the clamping shaft 521 to rotate, and then the axle housing 1 is rotated, at this time, the first welding device 7 and the second welding device 8 can simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 respectively, the full welding of the back cover 13 and the reinforcing ring 12 of the axle housing is completed, and the axle housing 1 is obtained.

[0048] The welding device is limited by the structure, the spot welding and full welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 are realized by the cooperation of the first welding device 2 and the second welding device 3, without the need to set multiple devices, the welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 can be completed, and the processing efficiency is greatly improved, wherein the structure of the first welding device 2 is limited, the welding seat 22 moves up and down to cooperate with the two support brackets 28 to realize the spot welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 on the same device, and the spot welding process of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 is simplified; the structure of the second welding device 3 is limited, the axle housing 1 is clamped and positioned by the cooperation of the first clamping mechanism 5 and the second clamping mechanism 6, then the axle housing 1 is rotated by the rotating assembly 53, so that the first welding device 7 and the second welding device 8 can simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 respectively, the time of step-by-step full welding of the reinforcing ring 12 and the back cover 13 is effectively reduced, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.

[0049] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, and therefore cannot limit the scope of the present application, i.e. equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the present application and the content of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A welding device for an axle housing back cover and a reinforcement ring, wherein the axle housing comprises an axle housing body and a back cover and a reinforcement ring respectively welded to both sides of the axle housing body, wherein the back cover is provided with a positioning hole, and wherein: It includes a first welding device for spot welding the back cover and the reinforcement ring on both sides of the bridge housing body respectively, and a second welding device for fully welding the spot welded back cover and reinforcement ring; The first welding device includes a spot welding frame, a welding base that can be moved up and down on the spot welding frame, a positioning ring provided on the welding base, a positioning column provided on the positioning ring and extending upward into the positioning hole, a positioning frame provided on one side of the welding base, a positioning plate provided on the upper end of the positioning frame and capable of being flipped downward to position the back cover, a lifting mechanism provided on the spot welding frame and connected to and driving the welding base to move up and down, and two supporting brackets provided on the spot welding frame on both sides of the welding base; The second welding device includes a base, a first clamping mechanism provided on the base for clamping and driving the axle housing to rotate, a second clamping mechanism provided on the base opposite to the first clamping mechanism, a first welding device located on one side of the base for fully welding the reinforcement ring, and a second welding device located on one side of the base for fully welding the back cover, wherein the axle housing is rotatably provided between the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism so that the first welding device and the second welding device respectively and simultaneously fully weld the reinforcement ring and the back cover; The method for welding the axle housing back cover and the reinforcement ring based on the above-mentioned welding device specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the axle housing body until its two ends are supported on two support brackets respectively. The lifting mechanism drives the welding seat to move upward so that the axle housing body is supported on the welding seat. At this time, the two ends of the axle housing body are separated from the relative support brackets. Step 2: Spot weld the reinforcement ring to one side of the axle housing. The lifting mechanism drives the welding seat downward to reset. The two ends of the axle housing are re-supported on the two support brackets. The axle housing is then rotated 180° on the two support brackets. The lifting mechanism continues to work, driving the welding seat upward so that the axle housing is supported on the welding seat. At this time, the positioning ring can be embedded in the reinforcement ring to initially position the axle housing. Step 3: Align the positioning holes on the back cover with the positioning posts, then move the back cover downwards to support it on the axle housing body, flip the positioning plate downwards to position the back cover, and then spot weld the back cover to the axle housing body using the spot welding setting. Step 4: Move the axle housing, after spot welding the back cover and reinforcement ring, to the second welding device. The axle housing is clamped by the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism. The first clamping mechanism then drives the axle housing to rotate, allowing the first welding device and the second welding device to simultaneously fully weld the reinforcement ring and the back cover, completing the welding of the axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting member arranged on the spot welding frame, a lifting shaft with one end connected to the lifting member and the other end extending upward and connected to the welding seat, a plurality of guide sleeves distributed circumferentially on the spot welding frame, a plurality of guide rods movably arranged in the plurality of guide sleeves and connected to the welding seat at the upper ends, a guide plate connected to the lower ends of the plurality of guide rods, a first protective sleeve mounted on the outer periphery of the lifting shaft, and a plurality of second protective sleeves respectively mounted on the outer peripheries of the plurality of guide rods.

2. The welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamping mechanism is opposite to the reinforcement ring, and includes a first clamping seat arranged on the base, a clamping assembly rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat for clamping the bridge housing, and a rotating assembly arranged on the first clamping seat that can drive the clamping assembly to rotate; the second clamping mechanism is opposite to the back cover, and includes a second clamping seat arranged on the base opposite to the first clamping seat and a positioning pin arranged on the second clamping seat for supporting and clamping the back cover. The bridge housing is rotatably arranged between the clamping assembly and the positioning pin so that the first welding equipment and the second welding equipment can fully weld the reinforcement ring and the back cover respectively at the same time. The base is formed with a rotating area extending downward from its top for the bridge housing to rotate.

3. The welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bridge housing body is formed with a mounting hole extending from one side thereof through the other side, and the back cover and the reinforcement ring are respectively welded on both sides of the mounting hole. The clamping assembly includes a clamping shaft rotatably arranged on a first clamping seat, a pneumatic chuck arranged at the front end of the clamping shaft, and a plurality of clamping claws circumferentially distributed on the pneumatic chuck for clamping or releasing the bridge housing. The clamping shaft is rotatably arranged on the first clamping seat via a bearing, and the clamping claws can be extended into the mounting hole and, under the action of the pneumatic chuck, move outward until they are against the inner wall of the mounting hole to clamp and fix the bridge housing.

4. The welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a rotating motor arranged on a first clamping seat, a first bevel gear arranged on an output shaft of the rotating motor, and a second bevel gear arranged on the clamping shaft and meshing with the first bevel gear.

5. The welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second clamping mechanism also includes a moving component arranged on the base to drive the second clamping seat to move back and forth relative to the first clamping seat. The moving component includes two moving slide rails arranged relative to each other on the base, two moving sliders arranged relative to each other at the bottom of the second clamping seat and respectively cooperating with the two moving slide rails, a moving cylinder arranged on the base, and a connecting block arranged at the front end of the moving cylinder and connected to the second clamping seat.

6. The welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support bracket is formed with a support groove extending downward from the upper end thereof, and the two ends of the bridge housing body can be supported in the two support grooves.

7. The welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back cover includes a main body portion arranged in a semicircular shape, an extension portion arranged at the lower end of the main body portion and extending downward, and a connecting portion extending radially outward from the lower end of the extension portion and connected to the bridge housing body. The positioning plate and the opposite surfaces of the back cover are formed with an inwardly extending arc-shaped positioning groove. When the back cover is spot welded, the positioning plate can be flipped downward until its lower end is supported on the connecting portion. At this time, the inner wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove is adapted to the outer peripheral surface of the extension portion.

8. The welding device for axle housing back cover and reinforcement ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate can be flipped and arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame via a hinge, and the positioning ring can be detachably arranged on the welding seat via a bolt.

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