Visual inspection device for surface defects of plastic bottles

Abstract

A visual inspection device for surface defects of plastic bottles relates to the technical field of detecting materials by utilizing optical means and comprises a conveying mechanism, a lateral clamping mechanism, a visual inspection module and a rejecting mechanism. The suction cup assembly capable of sliding up and down is arranged in the adsorption hole, and the repulsive force of the first magnet and the second magnet is utilized, so that the vacuum suction cup can automatically adjust the height, be attached to an irregular surface and form effective sealing according to the shape of the bottle bottom (such as a flat bottom, a convex bottom and an inclined surface), and the problem that a traditional fixed plane adsorption hole cannot be matched with a special-shaped bottle bottom is solved; the plastic bottles are prevented from falling or deviating due to inertia during high-speed conveying, and the stability and the accuracy in the detection process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of detecting materials by optical means, and particularly to a visual inspection device for plastic bottles. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, surface defects, flaws, and stains (such as scratches, bubbles, deformations) of plastic bottles are usually detected quickly by visual inspection methods. However, the excessive speed of the conveyor line for transporting plastic bottles easily causes the bottles to topple. To solve this problem, the traditional solution is to set multiple vacuum adsorption holes on the bottom conveyor belt to adsorb the bottom of the bottle to ensure stable transportation. However, the bottom shapes of different models of plastic bottles vary significantly, and the traditional vacuum adsorption holes have a fixed planar structure, which can only adapt to flat bottle bottoms and cannot flexibly switch the adsorption mode, resulting in difficulty for the same detection device to meet the diverse product requirements. When the bottom of the bottle is uneven, inclined, or curved (such as the flat bottom of a mineral water bottle and the convex bottom of a carbonated beverage bottle), the planar adsorption holes cannot effectively fit the bottom of the bottle and cannot form an effective seal with the curved surface of the bottle bottom, resulting in insufficient adsorption force. Especially during high-speed transportation, bottles with irregular bottle bottoms are prone to toppling or shifting due to inertia, resulting in low detection stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a visual inspection device for surface defects of plastic bottles, which can better adapt to irregular bottle bottoms, and the plastic bottles are not easily toppled or shifted due to inertia during high-speed transportation, and the detection stability is higher.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] A visual inspection device for surface defects of plastic bottles, comprising: A conveying mechanism, including a feeding belt conveyor line and a detection belt conveyor line. A plurality of adsorption holes are provided at intervals along the length direction of the surface of the detection belt conveyor line; A lateral clamping mechanism, including a feeding clamping mechanism connected to the feeding belt conveyor line and a discharging clamping mechanism connected to the detection belt conveyor line. They are both provided with a spacing adjustment component and symmetrically arranged clamping belt conveyor lines; A visual inspection module, including industrial cameras respectively arranged above and below the feeding clamping mechanism, and a plurality of side-view industrial cameras arranged around the detection belt conveyor line; An ejection mechanism, including a jetting device and a waste bottle collection box; The detection belt conveyor line is further provided with a vacuum pumping component and a plurality of suction cup assemblies. The suction cup assemblies correspond to the adsorption holes one by one. The vacuum pumping component includes: A vacuum pump; The suction cup assembly includes: A suction cup mounting seat, installed in the adsorption hole, and a first cavity is provided inside it. The first cavity is communicated with the vacuum pump; A connecting pipe, which is in coaxial sliding fit with the suction cup mounting seat. Its lower end is located inside the first cavity and is fixedly sleeved with a first magnet. A first air passage is provided inside the connecting pipe, and the first air passage communicates with the first cavity; A vacuum suction cup, which is fixedly installed at the top end of the connecting pipe and communicates with the first air passage; A return spring, which is sleeved on the connecting pipe and is respectively connected to the upper wall of the first cavity and the top surface of the first magnet; Inside the detection belt conveyor, there is a second magnet that repels the first magnet, and the position of the second magnet corresponds to the movement track of the first magnet.

[0006] By arranging a slidable suction cup assembly up and down in the adsorption hole and utilizing the repulsive force between the first magnet and the second magnet, the vacuum suction cup can automatically adjust its height according to the shape of the bottle bottom (such as flat bottom, convex bottom, inclined plane), fit the irregular surface, and form an effective seal, solving the problem that the traditional fixed-plane adsorption hole cannot adapt to the special-shaped bottle bottom. Through the cooperation of the return spring and the magnet, the suction cup assembly slides upward to fit the bottle bottom when passing through the second magnet, and after leaving the second magnet, the vacuum suction cup is tightened by the spring tension, ensuring that the plastic bottle will not fall or shift due to inertia during high-speed transportation, and improving the stability and accuracy during the detection process.

[0007] Furthermore, the suction cup assembly further includes a movable ball head assembly, and the movable ball head assembly includes: A ball head mounting ring, which is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the adsorption hole. Two fixed rings are arranged at intervals on its inner side, and the two fixed rings enclose an installation cavity; A universal ball head, which is arranged in the installation cavity and is in rotational fit with the installation cavity. A through stepped hole is provided inside the universal ball head. The suction cup mounting seat is coaxially fixed in the stepped hole, and the connecting pipe is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the stepped hole. Among them, the top surface of the suction cup mounting seat, the outer periphery of the connecting pipe, and the inner wall of the stepped hole enclose a second cavity.

[0008] The universal ball head can rotate in the installation cavity, allowing the suction cup mounting seat and the vacuum suction cup to dynamically adjust with the angle of the bottle bottom curved surface, realizing adaptive fitting within the rotation range (such as fitting along the tangent direction of the arc-shaped bottle bottom), and further enhancing the compatibility with irregular bottle bottoms.

[0009] Furthermore, the suction cup mounting seat is provided with a second air passage communicating the first cavity and the second cavity. The universal ball head is provided with a pin hole and a third air passage communicating the outside and the second cavity. The movable ball head assembly further includes a locking assembly, and the locking assembly includes: A fixed expansion sleeve, which is fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the second cavity and is sleeved with the connecting pipe. It is provided with a through hole communicating with the third air passage; The expansion sleeve piston is arranged inside the second cavity and is slidably sleeved on the connecting pipe. Its inner side matches the shape of the fixed expansion sleeve, so that when the expansion sleeve piston moves away from the fixed expansion sleeve, it drives the fixed expansion sleeve to tightly hold and lock the connecting pipe. The piston spring is arranged inside the second cavity and is sleeved on the connecting pipe. Its two ends are respectively connected to the expansion sleeve piston and the top surface of the suction cup mounting seat, so as to provide an elastic force pointing to the fixed expansion sleeve for the expansion sleeve piston. The fixed snap ring is fixedly arranged inside the installation cavity and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the universal ball head. Multiple clamping blocks are arranged on its inner surface. The locking pin is in coaxial sliding fit with the pin hole. A protrusion cooperating with the clamping block is arranged at its top, and a driving inclined surface is arranged at its bottom. In the initial state, the driving inclined surface extends into the second cavity and corresponds to the movement track of the expansion sleeve piston. The pin spring is arranged inside the pin hole and is sleeved on the locking pin. Its two ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the pin hole and the locking pin, so as to provide an elastic force pointing to the second cavity for the locking pin.

[0010] Through the cooperation between the expansion sleeve piston and the fixed expansion sleeve, after the vacuum suction cup is adjusted to the position fitting the bottom of the bottle, the air pressure is used to drive the expansion sleeve piston away from the fixed expansion sleeve, so that the fixed expansion sleeve tightly holds and locks the connecting pipe, preventing the vacuum suction cup and the connecting pipe from displacing due to vibration or air flow disturbance during high-speed transportation, and ensuring the stability of the adsorption state. At the same time, during the process of the expansion sleeve piston moving away from the fixed expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve piston pushes the locking pin to extend through the driving inclined surface, and the protrusion of the locking pin is clamped with the clamping block of the fixed snap ring to lock the universal ball head.

[0011] Furthermore, the vacuum pumping assembly further includes: The suction cup belt is driven by the driving source of the detection belt conveyor line and moves synchronously with the detection belt conveyor line. A plurality of connection holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of its surface. The connection holes correspond to the suction cup assemblies one by one, and the connection holes are communicated with the corresponding first cavity through hoses. The air extraction cavity is arranged inside the detection belt conveyor line and is surrounded by the suction cup belt. The air extraction cavity is communicated with the vacuum pump. An opening is arranged on the upper surface of the air extraction cavity along the moving direction of the suction cup belt. The suction cup belt is embedded in the opening and is in sliding fit with the opening.

[0012] The suction cup belt moves synchronously with the detection belt conveyor line. The first cavity of the suction cup assembly is connected to the air extraction cavity through a hose, avoiding the problems of hose twisting or breaking caused by the movement of the belt in traditional fixed pipelines, ensuring the stable transmission of vacuum pressure, and improving the reliability of the vacuum pumping system. The opening of the air extraction cavity is in sliding fit with the suction cup belt, so that only the suction cup assemblies in the detection area are communicated with the vacuum pump, realizing zoned vacuum, reducing the unnecessary energy consumption of the vacuum pump. At the same time, the vacuum pumping assembly is integrated inside the belt, reducing the external pipeline layout, reducing the complexity of equipment maintenance, and improving the compactness and space utilization rate of the overall structure.

[0013] Further, the conveying mechanism further includes an upper pressing assembly, and the upper pressing assembly includes a mounting post and a pressing belt conveyor. The pressing belt conveyor is located directly above the second magnet, and is slidably connected to the mounting post so as to be able to adjust the height position, and the pressing belt conveyor moves synchronously with the detection belt conveyor. The pressing belt conveyor of the upper pressing assembly moves synchronously with the detection belt conveyor. By adjusting the height, plastic bottles of different heights can be adapted, and together with the lateral clamping mechanism, four-way constraints in the up, down, left, and right directions are formed to prevent the plastic bottles from being lifted by the suction cup assembly, thereby improving the stability of the conveying process.

[0014] Further, an inflation cavity is provided inside the pressing belt conveyor, and a plurality of through inflation holes are spaced on the surface of the pressing belt conveyor. The inflation cavity is communicated with the inflation holes. The upper pressing assembly further includes an air pump, and the air pump is communicated with the inflation cavity so that the inflation cavity can blow air to the outside through the inflation holes. The inflation holes of the pressing belt conveyor blow air into the plastic bottles, increasing the internal pressure of the plastic bottles and making them less likely to be indented under pressure.

[0015] Further, a sponge coating layer is provided on the surface of the pressing belt conveyor. The sponge coating layer can increase the contact area and friction between the pressing belt and the bottle mouth. At the same time, as a buffer layer, it can avoid scratching of the bottle mouth caused by rigid contact. In addition, the porous structure of the sponge is used to diffuse and buffer the ejected high-pressure air flow, preventing the plastic bottles not tightly sucked by the vacuum suction cups from being blown crooked due to excessive wind force.

[0016] Further, the vacuum suction cup is a bellows type suction cup. The corrugated structure of the bellows type vacuum suction cup allows it to undergo elastic deformation in the axial and radial directions, and can closely fit complex bottle bottom structures such as deep concave and convex points (such as the annular convex bottom of a carbonated beverage bottle). Compared with traditional flat suction cups, it can significantly increase the effective adsorption area, improve the vacuum sealing performance, and ensure stable fixation of special-shaped bottle bottoms during high-speed movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the plastic bottle surface defect vision detection device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the plastic bottle surface defect vision detection device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0020] Figure 4 is an exploded view of the suction cup assembly.

[0021] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the suction cup assembly.

[0022] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional partial cross-sectional view of the visual inspection device for the surface defects of the plastic bottle of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the detection belt conveyor line.

[0024] The reference numerals include: Detection belt conveyor line 1, adsorption holes 11, baffle 12, support plate 13; Suction cup assembly 2, suction cup mounting seat 21, first cavity 211, second air passage 212, connecting pipe 22, first magnet 221, first air passage 222, return spring 223, vacuum suction cup 23; Universal ball head 3, ball head mounting ring 31, fixed ring 32, second cavity 34, pin hole 35, third air passage 36, counterweight 37; Fixed expansion sleeve 4, expansion sleeve piston 41, piston spring 42, fixed snap ring 43, block 431, locking pin 44, driving inclined surface 441, pin spring 442, protrusion 443, through hole 45; Suction cup belt 5, connection hole 51, hose 52, air extraction cavity 53, opening 531, vacuum pump connection port 532, second magnet 54; Mounting post 6, pressing belt conveyor line 61, inflation cavity 611, inflation pump connection port 6111, inflation hole 612, sponge coating 613; Base 7, feeding belt conveyor line 71, guide plate 711, feeding clamping mechanism 72, blanking clamping mechanism 73, spacing adjustment assembly 74, clamping belt conveyor line 75, visual inspection module 76, air jet device 77, waste bottle collection box 78; Plastic bottle 8. Specific embodiments

[0025] The following will make a detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific embodiments.

[0026] Combined with Figures 1-3, the visual inspection device for surface defects of plastic bottles in this embodiment includes a base 7, a conveying mechanism, a lateral clamping mechanism, a visual inspection module 76, and a rejection mechanism. The above-mentioned mechanisms and modules are all fixedly installed on the base 7. The conveying mechanism includes a feeding belt conveyor line 71 and an inspection belt conveyor line 1. A plurality of adsorption holes 11 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the surface of the inspection belt conveyor line 1, and the feeding belt conveyor line 71 is provided with a guide plate 711. The lateral clamping mechanism includes a feeding clamping mechanism 72 connected to the feeding belt conveyor line 71 and a blanking clamping mechanism 73 connected to the inspection belt conveyor line 1. They are both provided with a spacing adjustment component 74 and symmetrically arranged clamping belt conveyor lines 75. The visual inspection module 76 includes industrial cameras respectively arranged above and below the feeding clamping mechanism 72 and four side-view industrial cameras arranged around the inspection belt conveyor line 1. The rejection mechanism includes a jet device 77 and a waste bottle collection box 78. The above are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here. The plastic bottle 8 is first conveyed by the feeding belt conveyor line 71 to the feeding clamping mechanism 72. The clamping belt conveyor line 75 of the feeding clamping mechanism 72 clamps the plastic bottle 8 and continues to convey it downstream. The plastic bottle 8 passes over the vertically arranged industrial cameras in a suspended state to inspect the bottle mouth end face and the bottle bottom. Subsequently, it is conveyed by the inspection belt conveyor line 1 past the side-view industrial cameras to inspect the four sides of the plastic bottle 8. The unqualified plastic bottles 8 will be blown into the waste bottle collection box 78 when passing through the jet device 77, and the qualified plastic bottles 8 will be conveyed into the blanking clamping mechanism 73 and finally sent out of this inspection device.

[0027] As Figures 2-3 shown, the inspection belt conveyor line 1 is provided with a vacuum pumping assembly and a plurality of suction cup assemblies 2. The suction cup assemblies 2 correspond to the adsorption holes 11 one by one. The vacuum pumping assembly includes a vacuum pump (not shown in the figure). Specifically, as Figure 7 shown, the inspection belt conveyor line 1 includes two baffles 12 and a support plate 13. The two baffles 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the inspection belt conveyor line 1 to form a sealed cavity inside the inspection belt conveyor line 1. A vacuum pump connection port 532 is provided on one of the baffles 12. The vacuum pump is connected to the inside of the inspection belt conveyor line 1 through the vacuum pump connection port 532. The two support plates 13 are respectively fixedly connected to the two baffles 12 and are located below the upper belt of the inspection belt conveyor line 1 to provide support for the upper belt of the inspection belt conveyor line 1. A gap is left between the two support plates 13. As Figure 3 shown, the suction cup assembly 2 includes a suction cup mounting seat 21, a connecting pipe 22, a vacuum suction cup 23, and a return spring 223. The suction cup mounting seat 21 is installed in the adsorption hole 11. A first cavity 211 is provided inside the suction cup mounting seat 21. The first cavity 211 is communicated with the inside of the inspection belt conveyor line 1 through a hose 52, so as to be communicated with the vacuum pump. Combining Figure 5, the connecting pipe 22 is in coaxial sliding fit with the suction cup mounting seat 21. The lower end of the connecting pipe 22 is located in the first cavity 211 and is fixedly sleeved with a first magnet 221. The first magnet 221 does not contact the inner wall of the first cavity 211 to leave a ventilation gap. Combined with Figure 5 , a first air passage 222 is provided inside the connecting pipe 22. The first air passage 222 communicates with the first cavity 211. The vacuum suction cup 23 is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting pipe 22 and communicates with the first air passage 222. A return spring 223 is sleeved on the connecting pipe 22 and is respectively connected to the upper wall of the first cavity 211 and the top surface of the first magnet 221. Inside the detection belt conveyor 1, a second magnet 54 that repels the first magnet 221 is provided, and the position of the second magnet 54 corresponds to the movement track of the first magnet 221.

[0028] Combined with Figures 1-2 , the rear end of the feeding clamping mechanism 72 extends into the front end of the detection belt conveyor 1 to form an overlapping area, so that the plastic bottle 8 is continuously clamped during the process of being sucked tightly by the vacuum suction cup 23, avoiding the plastic bottle 8 from tipping over before being sucked tightly by the vacuum suction cup 23. During the conveying process of the detection belt conveyor 1, the vacuum pump drives the vacuum suction cup 23 to suck air. Combined with Figure 6 , when the suction cup assembly 2 passes by the second magnet 54, under the mutual repulsion of the first magnet 221 and the second magnet 54, the connecting pipe 22 slides upward, driving the vacuum suction cup 23 to extend out of the adsorption hole 11, so that the vacuum suction cup 23 can adaptively fit and tightly suck the bottom surface of the uneven plastic bottle 8, enhancing the adsorption force. When the plastic bottle 8 moves out of the area of the second magnet 54, the connecting pipe 22 slides downward under the action of the return spring 223 and gravity, so that the vacuum suction cup 23 tightens the plastic bottle 8, thereby better fixing the plastic bottle 8.

[0029] By arranging a slidable-up-and-down vacuum suction cup 23 in the adsorption hole 11 and using the repulsive force between the first magnet 221 and the second magnet 54, the vacuum suction cup 23 can automatically adjust its height according to the shape of the bottle bottom (such as flat bottom, convex bottom, inclined surface), fit the irregular surface, and form an effective seal, solving the problem that the traditional fixed-plane adsorption hole 11 cannot adapt to the special-shaped bottle bottom. Through the cooperation of the return spring 223 and the magnet, when the suction cup assembly 2 passes by the second magnet 54, it slides upward to fit the bottle bottom, and after leaving the second magnet 54, the vacuum suction cup 23 is tightened by the spring tension, ensuring that the plastic bottle 8 does not tip over or shift due to inertia during high-speed conveying, improving the stability during the detection process, avoiding the plastic bottle 8 from shaking or shifting, enabling the vision detection module 76 to clearly collect the surface image, reducing the detection error caused by position deviation, and thus improving the accuracy of defect recognition.

[0030] Since the shape of the bottom of the plastic bottle 8 may have inclined surfaces, curved surfaces, etc., if the vacuum suction cup 23 can only maintain a straight-up-and-down movement form, it may not be able to fully adapt to the shape of the bottle bottom. Combined withFigures 4-5 , the suction cup assembly 2 further includes a movable ball head assembly, and the movable ball head assembly includes a ball head mounting ring 31 and a universal ball head 3. The ball head mounting ring 31 is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the suction hole 11, and two fixing rings 32 are spaced apart on the inner side thereof. The ball head mounting ring 31 and the two fixing rings 32 together enclose an installation cavity (not shown in the figure). The universal ball head 3 is arranged in the installation cavity and is rotationally matched with the installation cavity to form a ball joint. A through stepped hole is provided inside the universal ball head 3, and the suction cup mounting seat 21 is coaxially fixed in the stepped hole. A counterweight 37 is provided at the bottom of the suction cup mounting seat 21 to keep the universal ball head 3 in the central position initially (the axial direction of the stepped hole is upward), and the connecting pipe 22 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the stepped hole. Among them, the top surface of the suction cup mounting seat 21, the outer periphery of the connecting pipe 22, and the inner wall of the stepped hole enclose a second cavity 34.

[0031] When the vacuum suction cup 23 sucks the inclined surface or the arc surface of the bottle bottom, the universal ball head 3 can rotate in the installation cavity, allowing the suction cup mounting seat 21, the connecting pipe 22, the vacuum suction cup 23, and the universal ball head 3 to be dynamically adjusted together with the angle of the bottle bottom, realizing adaptive fitting within the rotation range (such as fitting along the tangent direction of the arc-shaped bottle bottom), and further enhancing the adaptability to irregular bottle bottoms. When the vacuum suction cup 23 stops adsorbing the inclined surface or the arc surface, under the action of the counterweight 37, the universal ball head 3 resets to the central position.

[0032] During high-speed transportation, the connecting pipe 22 may be displaced due to vibration or air flow disturbance, resulting in the plastic bottle 8 shaking and reducing the detection quality. Combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5, the suction cup mounting base 21 is provided with a second air passage 212 that communicates the first cavity 211 and the second cavity 34. The universal ball head 3 is provided with a pin hole 35 and a third air passage 36 that communicates the outside and the second cavity 34. The movable ball head assembly further includes a locking assembly. The locking assembly includes a fixed expansion sleeve 4, an expansion sleeve piston 41, a piston spring 42, a fixed snap ring 43, a locking pin 44, and a pin spring 442. The fixed expansion sleeve 4 is fixedly provided on the upper wall of the second cavity 34 and is sleeved with the connecting pipe 22. The bottom of the fixed expansion sleeve 4 is provided with a through hole 45 that communicates with the third air passage 36. The expansion sleeve piston 41 is arranged in the second cavity 34 and is slidably sleeved with the connecting pipe 22. The inner side thereof matches the outer side shape of the fixed expansion sleeve 4 and is a slope, so that when the expansion sleeve piston 41 moves away from the fixed expansion sleeve 4, it can drive the fixed expansion sleeve 4 to tightly hold and lock the connecting pipe 22. This is the working principle of the expansion sleeve, which is prior art and will not be elaborated here. The piston spring 42 is arranged in the second cavity 34 and is sleeved with the connecting pipe 22. Its two ends are respectively connected to the expansion sleeve piston 41 and the top surface of the suction cup mounting base 21 to provide an elastic force pointing to the fixed expansion sleeve 4 for the expansion sleeve piston 41. The fixed snap ring 43 is fixedly provided in the installation cavity and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the universal ball head 3. The inner surface thereof is provided with a plurality of locking blocks 431. The locking pin 44 is in coaxial sliding fit with the pin hole 35. The top thereof is provided with a protrusion 443 that cooperates with the locking blocks 431, and the bottom thereof is provided with a driving slope 441. In the initial state, the driving slope 441 extends into the second cavity 34. The pin spring 442 is arranged in the pin hole 35 and is sleeved with the locking pin 44. Its two ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the pin hole 35 and the locking pin 44 to provide an elastic force pointing to the second cavity 34 for the locking pin 44.

[0033] When the vacuum suction cup 23 extends out of the suction hole 11 and fits against the bottom of the plastic bottle 8, the vacuum pump pumps air. The air in the vacuum suction cup 23 and the first air passage 222 is pumped out, so that the vacuum suction cup 23 tightly sucks the bottom of the bottle. The air in the first cavity 211 and the second cavity 34 is pumped out through the gap between the first magnet 221 and the first cavity 211, so that the expansion sleeve piston 41 moves away from the fixed expansion sleeve 4 under the action of internal negative pressure and external atmospheric pressure (external air enters the second cavity 34 through the third air passage 36 and the through hole 45), thereby driving the fixed expansion sleeve 4 to tightly hold and lock the connecting pipe 22. While the expansion sleeve piston 41 moves away from the fixed expansion sleeve 4, the expansion sleeve piston 41 contacts the driving slope 441 and pushes the locking pin 44 to extend out of the pin hole 35, so that the protrusion 443 of the locking pin 44 is clamped with the locking blocks 431 to lock the universal ball head 3. When the vacuum suction cup 23 stops sucking the bottom of the bottle, the expansion sleeve piston 41 approaches the fixed expansion sleeve 4 under the action of the piston spring 42, unlocking, allowing the suction cup to naturally fall back with the return spring 223, and the pin spring 442 pushes the locking pin 44 to retract into the pin hole 35, unlocking the universal ball head 3.

[0034] The locking component cooperates with the expansion sleeve piston 41 and the fixed expansion sleeve 4. After the vacuum suction cup 23 is adjusted to the position where it fits the bottom of the bottle, the expansion sleeve piston 41 is driven by air pressure to move away from the fixed expansion sleeve 4, causing the fixed expansion sleeve 4 to tightly hold the locking connecting pipe 22. At the same time, during the process of the expansion sleeve piston 41 moving away from the fixed expansion sleeve 4, the expansion sleeve piston 41 pushes the locking pin 44 to extend through the driving inclined surface 441. The protrusion 443 of the locking pin 44 is clamped with the clamping block 431 of the fixed clamping ring 43 to lock the universal ball head 3, preventing the vacuum suction cup 23 and the connecting pipe 22 from being displaced due to vibration or air flow disturbance during high-speed transportation, and ensuring the stability of the connecting pipe 22 during adsorption.

[0035] Since the plastic bottles 8 are only conveyed by relying on the upper surface of the detection belt conveyor 1, if the suction cup assemblies 2 that rotate to other surfaces still maintain suction when they do not need to adsorb the plastic bottles 8, it will significantly increase the unnecessary energy consumption of the vacuum pump. Combining Figure 2 and Figure 6 、 Figure 7 ,the vacuum pumping assembly further includes a suction cup belt 5 and an air extraction chamber 53. The suction cup belt 5 is driven by the driving source of the detection belt conveyor 1 and moves synchronously with the detection belt conveyor 1. A plurality of connecting holes 51 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of its surface. The connecting holes 51 correspond to the suction cup assemblies 2 one by one, and the connecting holes 51 are communicated with the corresponding first cavity 211 through a hose 52. The air extraction chamber 53 is arranged inside the detection belt conveyor 1 and is surrounded by the suction cup belt 5. Both sides of the air extraction chamber 53 are fixedly connected to two baffles 12 respectively. The air extraction chamber 53 is communicated with the vacuum pump through a vacuum pump connection port 532. An opening 531 is arranged on the upper surface of the air extraction chamber 53 along the moving direction of the suction cup belt 5. The suction cup belt 5 is embedded in the opening 531 and is in sliding fit with the opening 531. When the vacuum pump extracts air, the suction cup belt 5 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the air extraction chamber 53 under the action of negative pressure to form a dynamic seal. After the suction cup assembly 2 enters the area of the opening 531, the connecting hole 51 is communicated with the opening 531, so that the air extraction chamber 53 is communicated with the first cavity 211.

[0036] The suction cup belt 5 moves synchronously with the detection belt conveyor 1. The first cavity 211 of the suction cup assembly 2 is connected to the air extraction chamber 53 through the hose 52, avoiding the problems of distortion or breakage of the hose 52 caused by the movement of the belt in traditional fixed pipelines, ensuring the stable transmission of vacuum pressure, and improving the reliability of the vacuum pumping system. The opening 531 of the air extraction chamber 53 is in sliding fit with the suction cup belt 5, so that only the suction cup assembly 2 in the detection area is communicated with the vacuum pump, realizing zoned vacuum, reducing the unnecessary energy consumption of the vacuum pump. At the same time, the vacuum pumping assembly is integrated inside the belt, reducing the external pipeline layout, reducing the complexity of equipment maintenance, and improving the compactness and space utilization rate of the overall structure.

[0037] To avoid deformation of the plastic bottle 8, the clamping force of the lateral clamping mechanism is not too large. When the quality of the plastic bottle 8 is light and the vacuum suction cup 23 and the connecting pipe 22 slide upward under the action of the magnet, it is possible to lift the plastic bottle 8 and cause the plastic bottle 8 to tilt, which may lead to subsequent dumping. Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the conveying mechanism further includes an upper pressing assembly, and the upper pressing assembly includes a mounting post 6 and a pressing belt conveyor line 61. The pressing belt conveyor line 61 is located directly above the second magnet 54. The pressing belt conveyor line 61 is slidably connected to the mounting post 6 to be able to adjust the height position. The pressing belt conveyor line 61 moves synchronously with the detection belt conveyor line 1 to convey the plastic bottle 8. Among them, the contact surface of the pressing belt conveyor line 61 has a certain elasticity to make flexible contact with the mouth of the plastic bottle 8. Before production, the height position of the pressing belt conveyor line 61 is adjusted according to the height of the plastic bottle 8, so that when the plastic bottle 8 enters the detection belt conveyor line 1, its mouth just slightly contacts the pressing belt conveyor line 61, and then the pressing belt conveyor line 61 and the detection belt conveyor line 1 together convey the plastic bottle 8 downstream. By setting the pressing belt conveyor line 61 with adjustable height, cooperating with the lateral clamping mechanism to form four-way constraints on the plastic bottle 8 in the up, down, left, and right directions, the plastic bottle 8 is prevented from being lifted by the suction cup assembly 2, and the stability of the conveying process is improved.

[0038] For plastic bottles 8 with light weight or thin bottle bodies, under the combined pressure of the upper pressing assembly and the lateral clamping mechanism, the plastic bottle 8 may be deformed by depression. As Figure 6 shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, further, an inflation cavity 611 is provided inside the pressing belt conveyor line 61. A plurality of through inflation holes 612 are provided at intervals on the surface of the pressing belt conveyor line 61. The inflation cavity 611 is communicated with the inflation holes 612. The upper pressing assembly further includes an air pump (not shown in the figure). The air pump is communicated with the inflation cavity 611 through an air pump connection port 6111. When the plastic bottle 8 enters the detection belt conveyor line 1, its mouth contacts the pressing belt conveyor line 61, and the air pump inflates the inflation cavity 611, so that the inflation holes 612 blow air into the plastic bottle 8, so that the internal pressure of the plastic bottle 8 increases and it is not easily depressed by pressure.

[0039] As Figure 6 shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, further, a sponge coating layer 613 is provided on the surface of the pressing belt conveyor line 61. The sponge coating layer 613 can increase the contact area and friction between the pressing belt and the mouth of the bottle. At the same time, as a buffer layer, it can avoid scratching the mouth of the bottle caused by rigid contact. In addition, the porous structure of the sponge is used to diffuse and buffer the ejected high-pressure air flow, avoiding the plastic bottle 8 that is not tightly sucked by the vacuum suction cup 23 from being blown crooked due to excessive wind force.

[0040] As Figure 5As shown, on the basis of the above embodiments, further, the vacuum suction cup 23 is a bellows suction cup. The corrugated structure of the bellows vacuum suction cup 23 allows it to undergo elastic deformation in the axial and radial directions, and can fit more closely to complex bottle bottom structures such as deep concave and convex points (such as the annular convex bottom of a carbonated beverage bottle). Compared with traditional flat suction cups, it can significantly increase the effective adsorption area, improve the vacuum sealing performance, and ensure stable fixation of special-shaped bottle bottoms during high-speed movement.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. Visual inspection device for surface defects of plastic bottles, comprising: A conveying mechanism, including a feeding belt conveyor line and an inspection belt conveyor line. A plurality of adsorption holes are provided at intervals along the length direction of the surface of the inspection belt conveyor line; A lateral clamping mechanism, including a feeding clamping mechanism connected to the feeding belt conveyor line and a blanking clamping mechanism connected to the inspection belt conveyor line. They are both provided with a spacing adjustment component and symmetrically arranged clamping belt conveyor lines; A visual inspection module, including industrial cameras respectively arranged above and below the feeding clamping mechanism and a plurality of side-view industrial cameras arranged around the inspection belt conveyor line; An ejection mechanism, including a jet device and a waste bottle collection box; It is characterized in that the inspection belt conveyor line is further provided with a vacuum pumping component and a plurality of sucker components. The sucker components correspond to the adsorption holes one by one. Among them, the vacuum pumping component includes: A vacuum pump; The sucker component includes: A sucker mounting seat, installed in the adsorption hole, and a first cavity is arranged inside it. The first cavity is communicated with the vacuum pump; A connecting pipe, coaxially and slidably matched with the sucker mounting seat. The lower end of the connecting pipe is located in the first cavity and is fixedly sleeved with a first magnet. A first air passage is arranged inside the connecting pipe, and the first air passage is communicated with the first cavity; A vacuum sucker, fixedly installed at the top end of the connecting pipe and communicated with the first air passage; A return spring, sleeved on the connecting pipe and respectively connected to the upper wall of the first cavity and the top surface of the first magnet; A second magnet that repels the first magnet is arranged inside the inspection belt conveyor line, and the position of the second magnet corresponds to the movement track of the first magnet.

2. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sucker component further includes a movable ball head component. The movable ball head component includes: A ball head mounting ring, fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the adsorption hole, and two fixed rings are arranged at intervals on the inner side thereof. The two fixed rings enclose to form a mounting cavity; A universal ball head, arranged in the mounting cavity and rotatably matched with the mounting cavity. A through stepped hole is arranged inside the universal ball head. The sucker mounting seat is coaxially fixed in the stepped hole, and the connecting pipe is slidably matched with the inner wall of the stepped hole. Among them, the top surface of the sucker mounting seat, the outer periphery of the connecting pipe and the inner wall of the stepped hole enclose to form a second cavity.

3. The detection device according to claim 2, wherein The sucker mounting seat is provided with a second air passage communicating the first cavity and the second cavity. The universal ball head is provided with a pin hole and a third air passage communicating the outside and the second cavity. The movable ball head component further includes a locking component. The locking component includes: A fixed expansion sleeve, fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the second cavity and sleeved with the connecting pipe, and is provided with a through hole communicated with the third air passage; An expansion sleeve piston, arranged in the second cavity and slidably sleeved with the connecting pipe. The inner side of the expansion sleeve piston matches the shape of the fixed expansion sleeve, so that when the expansion sleeve piston moves away from the fixed expansion sleeve, it drives the fixed expansion sleeve to tightly hold and lock the connecting pipe; A piston spring, arranged in the second cavity and sleeved with the connecting pipe, and its two ends are respectively connected to the expansion sleeve piston and the top surface of the sucker mounting seat to provide an elastic force pointing to the fixed expansion sleeve for the expansion sleeve piston; A fixed snap ring, fixedly arranged in the mounting cavity and sleeved on the outer periphery of the universal ball head, and a plurality of blocks are arranged on its inner surface; A locking pin, coaxially and slidably matched with the pin hole, a protrusion matched with the blocks is arranged at the top of the locking pin, and a driving inclined surface is arranged at the bottom of the locking pin. In the initial state, the driving inclined surface extends into the second cavity and corresponds to the movement track of the expansion sleeve piston; A latch spring is disposed within the latch hole and sleeved with the locking latch. Its two ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the latch hole and the locking latch to provide an elastic force pointing to the second cavity to the locking latch.

4. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum pumping assembly further includes: A suction cup belt is driven by a driving source for detecting the belt conveyor line and moves synchronously with the detecting belt conveyor line. A plurality of connection holes are provided at intervals along the length direction of its surface. The connection holes correspond to the suction cup assemblies one by one, and the connection holes are communicated with the corresponding first cavities through hoses. An air extraction cavity is disposed inside the detecting belt conveyor line and surrounded by the suction cup belt. The air extraction cavity is communicated with a vacuum pump. An opening is provided on the upper surface of the air extraction cavity along the moving direction of the suction cup belt. The suction cup belt is embedded in the opening and slidably engaged with the opening.

5. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism further includes an upper pressing assembly, and the upper pressing assembly includes: Mounting posts; A pressing belt conveyor line is located directly above the second magnet. It is slidably connected to the mounting posts to be able to adjust the height position, and the pressing belt conveyor line moves synchronously with the detecting belt conveyor line.

6. The detection device according to claim 5, wherein, An inflation cavity is provided inside the pressing belt conveyor line. A plurality of through inflation holes are provided at intervals on the surface of the pressing belt conveyor line. The inflation cavity is communicated with the inflation holes. The upper pressing assembly further includes: An air inflation pump is communicated with the inflation cavity so that the inflation cavity can blow air to the outside through the inflation holes.

7. The detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sponge coating layer is provided on the surface of the pressing belt conveyor line.

8. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein, The vacuum suction cup is a bellows-type suction cup.

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