Device and method for measuring conduction current of suspension conductor before breakdown

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of thunder and lightning measurement, and discloses a device and a method for measuring conduction current of a suspension conductor before breakdown, and the device comprises a high-voltage flat plate, a grounding flat plate, an insulating support table, an openable metal shielding box, a current sensor and a first rod electrode, an insulating support column is arranged in the middle of the insulating support table, a current sensor is installed on the outer wall of the top of the insulating support column, an adjusting screw hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the top of the openable metal shielding box, the adjusting screw hole is in threaded connection with an insulating screw sleeve, and a first rod electrode is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve. According to the invention, the height difference between the rod electrode and the high-voltage flat plate is adjusted by using the adjustable threaded sleeve, the breakdown current is measured in the combined gap breakdown process, the conduction current caused by charge migration on the suspended conductor is obtained in the pilot-streamer plasma stage before the arc appears, and the smaller conduction current is effectively collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lightning measurement, and more specifically, it relates to a device and method for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown. Background Art

[0002] Lightning is a discharge phenomenon that often occurs in nature, with an average of 8 million occurrences per day globally. Due to its powerful current, scorching high temperature, violent shock wave, and strong electromagnetic radiation and other physical effects, it can cause huge destructive effects instantly, posing a serious threat to life and property safety. Therefore, it is of great significance to collect and study the conduction current flowing through the floating conductor during the combined gap discharge process. However, at present, the measurement method is mainly to measure the current flowing through the floating conductor after the lightning discharge process through the acquisition equipment. At this time, the collected current has a high amplitude and large energy, and it has been unable to accurately measure and collect some smaller conduction currents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a device and method for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown, which solves the technical problem in the related art that it is impossible to accurately measure and collect the smaller conduction current of the floating conductor.

[0004] The present invention provides a device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown, including a high-voltage flat plate and a grounded flat plate arranged in parallel, an insulating support platform, an openable metal shielding box, a current sensor, a first rod electrode, a second rod electrode, and a test component; The insulating support platform is arranged in the middle of the grounded flat plate. An insulating pillar is provided in the middle of the insulating support platform. The current sensor is installed on the outer wall of the top of the insulating pillar. An adjustment screw hole is opened in the middle of the upper surface of the top of the openable metal shielding box. An insulating screw sleeve is connected to the adjustment screw hole by a thread. A first rod electrode is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve. The top end of the first rod electrode extends out of the upper surface of the insulating support platform. A connecting member is sleeved on the outer wall of the first rod electrode. An inner conducting sheet is provided in a circle inside the openable metal shielding box. The end of the connecting member is connected to the inner conducting sheet; A through hole is opened in the middle of the insulating support platform. A second rod electrode is inserted into the through hole. The bottom end of the second rod electrode extends out of the lower surface of the insulating support platform. The top end of the second rod electrode is cooperatively connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the inner conducting sheet; The test component is connected to the current sensor, and the test component outputs a test waveform.

[0005] Further, the connecting member includes a connecting plate and a supporting spring. The supporting spring is installed on the outer wall of the plate surface of the connecting plate, and the end of the supporting spring is connected to the outer wall of the inner conducting sheet.

[0006] Further, the test component includes a built-in electro-optical converter, an external electro-optical converter, and a digital oscilloscope. An insulating seat is provided on the insulating support platform. The built-in electro-optical converter is placed on the insulating seat. The external electro-optical converter and the digital oscilloscope are connected by a coaxial cable, and the external electro-optical converter and the built-in electro-optical converter are connected by an optical fiber.

[0007] Further, an equipment seat is also provided outside the grounding plate. The external electro-optical converter and the digital oscilloscope are installed on the equipment seat.

[0008] Further, a converter shielding cover is provided on the outer wall of the insulating seat. The converter shielding cover is sleeved on the outer wall of the built-in electro-optical converter.

[0009] Further, an adjusting frame is provided at the bottom end of the insulating support platform. The adjusting frame can be adjusted to achieve the height difference between the upper surface of the insulating support platform and the plate surfaces of the high-voltage plate and the grounding plate.

[0010] Further, an insulating coating is provided on the inner side wall of the openable metal shielding cover. The inner guide piece is provided on the inner side wall of the insulating coating.

[0011] Further, a through groove is opened in the middle of the insulating pillar. The bottom end of the first rod electrode is inserted into the through groove, and the first rod electrode always maintains a standing structure.

[0012] Further, the connecting piece is located on the outer wall of the first rod electrode close to the insulating bushing. The insulating bushing completely insulates the first rod electrode from the upper surface of the box body of the openable metal shielding box.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown, including the following steps: S1: Place the adjusting frame and the insulating support platform between the high-voltage plate and the grounding plate at the center of the grounding plate, and place the openable metal shielding box at the center of the upper surface of the insulating support platform; S2: Install the insulating bushing outside the first rod electrode. The insulating bushing is threadedly connected in the adjusting screw hole. Sleeve the current sensor on the outer wall of the first rod electrode, and place a converter shielding cover at a position close to the current sensor. Place the built-in electro-optical converter in the converter shielding cover. Connect the current sensor to the built-in electro-optical converter through a coaxial cable passing through the converter shielding cover, and pass the transmission optical fiber through the converter shielding cover and connect it to the external photoelectric sensor at the same time; S3: The first rod electrode passes through the opening of the adjusting screw hole and extends out of the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box. Adjust through the insulating bushing in the adjusting screw hole to change. Connect the optical fiber connecting the built-in electro-optical converter to the external electro-optical converter. The external electro-optical converter is connected to the digital oscilloscope through a coaxial cable; S4: Perform high-voltage charging through the high-voltage flat plate. Subsequently, the high voltage breaks down the gap, and the high-voltage arc passes through the first rod electrode to the second rod electrode and finally enters the grounding flat plate. The current sensor collects the current signal flowing through the first rod electrode of the floating conductor. The current sensor transmits the current signal collected from the first rod electrode of the floating conductor through the built-in electro-optical conversion sensor, output optical fiber, external electro-optical converter to the digital oscilloscope, converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and finally the digital oscilloscope outputs the waveform. S5: Adjust the height difference between the first rod electrode and the high-voltage flat plate by rotating the insulating screw sleeve. At the same time, adjust the height difference between the surface of the insulating support platform on the adjusting frame and the grounding flat plate, adjust different gaps for experiments, and measure a set of output waveforms.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses an optoelectronic transmission system to achieve the protection of equipment and personnel, reduces the layout time during testing, and is also provided with an adjustable screw sleeve. The height difference between the rod electrode and the high-voltage flat plate is adjusted by the screw sleeve. During the breakdown of the combined gap, the breakdown current flowing through the floating conductor is measured. Before the arc appears in the combined gap, in the development stage of the leader-streamer plasma, the conduction current caused by the charge migration on the floating conductor is obtained, and the smaller conduction current is effectively collected. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown according to the present invention; Figure 2 is of the present invention Figure 1 front perspective structural schematic diagram; Figure 3 is of the present invention Figure 2 schematic diagram of the flow of the conduction current therein; Figure 4 is of the present invention Figure 1 structural schematic diagram of the first rod electrode; Figure 5 is of the present invention Figure 1 internal structural schematic diagram of the openable metal shielding box;

[0016] In the figure: 100, first rod electrode; 110, insulating screw sleeve; 120, support spring; 130, connecting plate; 140, insulating pillar; 150, current sensor; 200, openable metal shielding box; 210, adjusting screw hole; 220, inner guide piece; 300, insulating support platform; 310, adjusting frame; 320, equipment base; 330, insulating base; 340, built-in electro-optical converter; 350, converter shielding cover; 400, high-voltage flat plate; 500, grounding flat plate; 600, external electro-optical converter; 700, digital oscilloscope; 800, second rod electrode. Detailed implementation mode

[0017] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described relative to some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0018] As Figures 1 - 5 shown, a device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown includes: A group of parallel high-voltage plates 400 and grounded plates 500 are provided. An insulating support platform 300 is provided in the middle of the grounded plate 500. An adjusting frame 310 is provided at the bottom end of the insulating support platform 300. The adjusting frame 310 can be adjusted to achieve the height difference between the upper surface of the insulating support platform 300 and the plate surfaces of the high-voltage plate 400 and the grounded plate 500. Among them, the high-voltage plate 400 serves as the high-voltage end, and the grounded plate 500 serves as the low-voltage end. In high-voltage experiments, the high-voltage plate 400 is located above, and the grounded plate 500 is below to simulate a real lightning or discharge environment. Among them, a vertical insulating pillar 140 is provided in the middle of the insulating support platform 300, and a current sensor 150 is installed at the top of the insulating pillar 140. A through groove is opened in the middle of the insulating pillar 140, and the bottom end of the first rod electrode 100 is inserted into the through groove to maintain the vertical structure of the first rod electrode 100. An openable metal shielding box 200 is placed in the middle of the insulating support platform 300. An adjusting screw hole 210 is opened in the middle of the upper surface of the top of the openable metal shielding box 200. An insulating screw sleeve 110 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw hole 210. The first rod electrode 100 is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve 110. The top end of the first rod electrode 100 extends out of the upper surface of the insulating support platform 300. A connecting piece is sleeved on the outer wall of the first rod electrode 100. The position of the connecting piece is near the bottom end of the insulating screw sleeve 110. The insulating screw sleeve 110 completely insulates the first rod electrode 100 from the upper surface of the box body of the openable metal shielding box 200 to prevent flashover due to surface discharge. It should be added that the metal box body of the openable metal shielding box 200 forms a Faraday cage to limit the electromagnetic interference of the high-voltage arc within the box. Inside the openable metal shielding box 200, there is a circle of inner conducting sheets 220. The end of the connecting member is connected to the inner conducting sheet 220. The connecting member includes a connecting plate 130 and a supporting spring 120. The supporting spring 120 is installed on the outer wall of the plate surface of the connecting plate 130, and the end of the supporting spring 120 is connected to the outer wall of the inner conducting sheet 220. It should be added that the inner side wall of the openable metal shielding cover is provided with an insulating coating, and the inner conducting sheet 220 is arranged on the inner side wall of the insulating coating. The openable metal shielding cover serves as a high-voltage flat plate 400 and a grounding flat plate 500 that bridge the upper and lower parts of the rod electrode, forming a complete path. A perforation is opened in the middle of the insulating support platform 300. A second rod electrode 800 is inserted into the perforation. The bottom end of the second rod electrode 800 extends out of the lower surface of the insulating support platform 300. The bottom end of the second rod electrode 800 is vertically arranged with respect to the plate surface of the grounding flat plate 500. There is a mating gap between the top end of the second rod electrode 800 and the outer wall of the bottom end of the inner conducting sheet 220. The gap width of the mating gap is between [0 mm, 10 mm]. The double-gap test conditions can be formed by adjusting the mating gap. During the test, the top end of the second rod electrode 800 is connected to the bottom end of the inner conducting sheet 220. The test waveform is output by connecting the current sensor 150 through the test component. The test component includes a built-in electro-optic converter 340, an external electro-optic converter 600, and a digital oscilloscope 700. An insulating seat 330 is arranged on the insulating support platform 300. A built-in electro-optic converter 340 is arranged on the insulating seat 330. The detection end of the current sensor 150 is connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the first rod electrode 100. The built-in electro-optic converter 340 is connected to the current sensor 150 through a coaxial cable. An equipment seat 320 is also arranged outside the grounding flat plate 500. An external electro-optic converter 600 and a digital oscilloscope 700 are installed on the equipment seat 320. The external electro-optic converter 600 and the digital oscilloscope 700 are connected through a coaxial cable. The external electro-optic converter 600 and the built-in electro-optic converter 340 are connected through an optical fiber. At the same time, a converter shielding cover 350 is arranged outside the insulating seat 330. The converter shielding cover 350 is sleeved on the outer wall of the built-in electro-optic converter 340.

[0019] According to the above device, the following measurements are carried out. The method includes the following steps: S1: Place the adjusting frame 310 and the insulating support platform 300 between the high-voltage flat plate 400 and the grounding flat plate 500. The placement position is at the center of the grounding flat plate 500. Place the openable metal shielding box at the center of the upper surface of the insulating support platform 300. S2: Install the insulating bushing 110 outside the first rod electrode 100. The insulating bushing 110 is threadedly connected in the adjusting screw hole 210. Slip the current sensor 150 onto the outer wall of the first rod electrode 100, and place a converter shielding cover 350 at a position close to the current sensor 150. Place the built-in electro-optic converter 340 inside the converter shielding cover 350. Connect the current sensor 150 to the built-in electro-optic converter 340 through a coaxial cable passing through the converter shielding cover 350, and pass the transmission optical fiber through the converter shielding cover 350 and connect it to the external optoelectronic sensor at the same time; S3: The first rod electrode 100 passes through the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box from the opening of the adjusting screw hole 210 and extends upward by a certain height. This height can be adjusted by adjusting the insulating bushing 110 in the adjusting screw hole 210. Subsequently, connect the optical fiber connected to the built-in electro-optic converter 340 to the external electro-optic converter. The external electro-optic converter 600 is connected to the digital oscilloscope 700 through a coaxial cable; S4: Perform high-voltage charging through the high-voltage plate 400. Subsequently, the high voltage breaks down the gap. The high-voltage arc passes through the first rod electrode 100 to the second rod electrode 800 and finally enters the grounding plate 500. During this process, the current sensor 150 collects the current signal flowing through the first rod electrode 100 of the floating conductor. The current sensor 150 transmits the collected current signal of the first rod electrode 100 of the floating conductor through the built-in electro-optic conversion sensor → output optical fiber → external electro-optic converter 600 → digital oscilloscope 700. The transmitted electrical signal is displayed in the form of a graph by the digital oscilloscope 700, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal. Finally, the digital oscilloscope 700 outputs a waveform, and this waveform is the current on the first rod electrode 100 of the collected floating conductor; S5: Adjust the height difference between the first rod electrode 100 and the high-voltage plate 400 by rotating the insulating bushing 110. At the same time, adjust the height difference between the tabletop of the insulating support platform 300 on the adjusting frame 310 and the grounding plate 500, adjust different gaps for experiments, and measure a set of output waveforms.

[0020] It should be supplemented that when the insulating bushing 110 is adjusted by rotation, the support spring 120 expands and contracts between the connecting plate 130 and the inner surface of the openable metal shielding box 200.

[0021] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown, characterized in that, It includes a high-voltage flat plate and a grounded flat plate arranged in parallel, an insulating support platform, an openable metal shielding box, a current sensor, a first rod electrode, a second rod electrode, and a test component; The insulating support platform is arranged in the middle of the grounded flat plate. An insulating pillar is provided in the middle of the insulating support platform. The current sensor is installed on the outer wall of the top of the insulating pillar. An adjustment screw hole is opened in the middle of the upper surface of the top of the openable metal shielding box. An insulating screw sleeve is connected through the thread in the adjustment screw hole. A first rod electrode is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve. The top end of the first rod electrode extends out of the upper surface of the insulating support platform. A connecting member is sleeved on the outer wall of the first rod electrode. An inner conducting sheet is provided in a circle inside the openable metal shielding box. The end of the connecting member is connected to the inner conducting sheet; A through hole is opened in the middle of the insulating support platform. A second rod electrode is inserted through the through hole. The bottom end of the second rod electrode extends out of the lower surface of the insulating support platform. The top end of the second rod electrode is connected in cooperation with the outer wall of the bottom end of the inner conducting sheet; The test component is connected to the current sensor, and the test component outputs a test waveform.

2. The device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown according to claim 1, wherein The connecting member includes a connecting plate and a support spring. The support spring is installed on the outer wall of the plate surface of the connecting plate. The end of the support spring is connected to the outer wall of the inner conducting sheet.

3. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 2, wherein The test component includes an internal electro-optical converter, an external electro-optical converter, and a digital oscilloscope. An insulating seat is provided on the insulating support platform. The internal electro-optical converter is placed on the insulating seat. The external electro-optical converter and the digital oscilloscope are connected through a coaxial cable. The external electro-optical converter and the internal electro-optical converter are connected through an optical fiber.

4. A device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown according to claim 3, characterized in that, An equipment seat is further provided outside the grounded flat plate. The external electro-optical converter and the digital oscilloscope are installed on the equipment seat.

5. The device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown according to claim 4, characterized in that, A converter shielding cover is provided outside the outer wall of the insulating seat. The converter shielding cover is sleeved on the outer wall of the internal electro-optical converter.

6. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 5, characterized in that, An adjusting frame is provided at the bottom end of the insulating support platform. The adjusting frame can be adjusted to achieve the height difference between the upper surface of the insulating support platform and the plate surfaces of the high-voltage flat plate and the grounded flat plate.

7. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 6, wherein The inner side wall of the openable metal shielding cover is provided with an insulating coating, and the inner conducting sheet is arranged on the inner side wall of the insulating coating.

8. The device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown according to claim 7, characterized in that, A through groove is opened in the middle of the insulating pillar. The bottom end of the first rod electrode is inserted into the through groove, and the first rod electrode always maintains a vertical structure.

9. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connecting member is located on the outer wall of the first rod electrode close to the insulating screw sleeve, and the insulating screw sleeve completely insulates the first rod electrode from the upper surface of the box body of the openable metal shielding box.

10. A method for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown, characterized in that, Measuring is carried out by using a device for measuring the conduction current of a floating conductor before breakdown as described in any one of claims 1-9, including the following steps: S1: Place the adjusting frame and the insulating support platform between the high-voltage flat plate and the grounded flat plate. The placement position is at the center of the grounded flat plate, and place the openable metal shielding box at the center of the upper surface of the insulating support platform; S2: Install an insulating bushing outside the first rod electrode. The insulating bushing is threadedly connected in the adjusting screw hole. Slip the current sensor onto the outer wall of the first rod electrode, and place a converter shield at a position close to the current sensor. Place the built-in electro-optical converter inside the converter shield. Connect the current sensor to the built-in electro-optical converter through a coaxial cable passing through the converter shield, and pass the transmission optical fiber through the converter shield and connect it to the external optoelectronic sensor at the same time; S3: The first rod electrode passes through the opening of the adjusting screw hole and extends out of the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box. Adjustment is achieved by adjusting the insulating bushing in the adjusting screw hole. Connect the optical fiber connected to the built-in electro-optical converter to the external electro-optical converter, and the external electro-optical converter is connected to the digital oscilloscope through a coaxial cable; S4: Perform high-voltage charging through the high-voltage plate. Subsequently, the high voltage breaks down the gap. The high-voltage arc passes through the first rod electrode to the second rod electrode and finally enters the grounding plate. The current sensor collects the current signal of the first rod electrode flowing through the floating conductor. The current sensor transmits the current signal of the first rod electrode of the floating conductor collected to the digital oscilloscope through the built-in electro-optical conversion sensor, output optical fiber, and external electro-optical converter, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal. Finally, the digital oscilloscope outputs the waveform; S5: Adjust the height difference between the first rod electrode and the high-voltage plate by rotating the insulating bushing. At the same time, adjust the height difference between the surface of the insulating support platform on the adjusting frame and the grounding plate, adjust different gaps for experiments, and measure a set of output waveforms.

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