Modularized bottom mud cleaning and benthic organism extracting device

Abstract

A modularized bottom mud cleaning and benthic organism extracting device comprises a barrel and a cover, a stirring cleaning unit is arranged on the cover, a multi-layer screening unit, a rotating unit and a drainage unit are arranged in the barrel, the stirring cleaning unit comprises a stirrer arranged in a stirring barrel and a water spraying assembly fixed to the inner side surface of the cover, and the stirring cleaning unit is arranged in the barrel. A center shaft of the stirrer is fixed to the center position of the inner side of the cover body, the multi-layer screening unit is arranged in the containing space in the barrel body, the multi-layer screening unit comprises three stages of filtering barrels which are sequentially nested from top to bottom, and a uranium line of the multi-layer screening unit coincides with a rotating shaft of the rotating unit. By combining a multifunctional mechanical structure and an intelligent adjusting system, mud pies, benthos and impurities can be efficiently separated, the cleaning mode can be flexibly adjusted according to different scene requirements, and the applicability and the cleaning efficiency of the equipment are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection and ecological monitoring, and particularly to a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device. Background Art

[0002] Sediment is the deposit at the bottom of water bodies, with complex components, usually containing organic matter, inorganic particles and various pollutants. In the aquatic ecosystem, sediment plays a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance. However, due to the increase in human activities and pollution emissions, the problem of sediment pollution is becoming increasingly serious, resulting in the nutrients and pollutants rich in it affecting the living environment of benthic animals.

[0003] As an important part of the water ecosystem, benthic animals are highly sensitive to changes in water quality and sediment environment, and are usually used as biological indicators for water pollution monitoring. Therefore, extracting and studying the species and quantities of benthic animals can provide a scientific basis for the assessment of the health status of water bodies. However, due to the complexity of sediment and the adhesiveness of pollutants, sediment cleaning has become an essential part in the process of extracting benthic animals. Existing sediment cleaning methods often have problems such as incomplete cleaning, easy blockage of equipment, low efficiency, etc., and are difficult to meet the needs of accurately extracting benthic animals.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technologies still have obvious deficiencies in terms of sediment cleaning efficiency, benthic organism protection and system automation level, etc., and need to be further improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Object of the Invention: To solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device, which realizes efficient, flexible and precise cleaning and separation through intelligent adjustment and modular design.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution: To solve the above technical problems, the present technical solution provides a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device, including a cylinder body and a cover body. A stirring and cleaning unit is arranged on the cover body, and a multi-layer screening unit, a rotating unit and a drainage unit are arranged in the cylinder body. The stirring and cleaning unit includes a stirrer arranged in a stirring barrel and a water spraying assembly fixed on the inner surface of the cover body. The central axis of the stirrer is fixed at the central position on the inner side of the cover body. The multi-layer screening unit is arranged in the accommodating space in the cylinder body. The multi-layer screening unit includes three levels of nested filter barrels in sequence from top to bottom. The axis of the multi-layer screening unit coincides with the rotating shaft of the rotating unit.

[0007] Further, the stirring and cleaning unit includes a water spraying assembly, a stirrer, and a stirring barrel; the water spraying assembly is arranged on the inner surface of the cover body, and the water spraying assembly is used to inject water into the stirring barrel. The water spraying assembly includes four nozzles and a water supply pipeline, and water is sprayed into the stirring barrel from the nozzles through the water supply pipeline.

[0008] Further, the multi-layer screening unit includes a first-layer filtering barrel, a second-layer filtering barrel, and a third-layer filtering barrel. The three filtering barrels are nested step by step. The first-layer filtering barrel is located in the innermost layer, and the third-layer filtering barrel is located in the outermost layer. The multi-layer screening unit is used to classify and separate the bottom mud from large particle impurities to minute benthic organisms.

[0009] Further, the aperture of the filter screen of the first-layer filtering barrel is 3 cm; the aperture of the filter screen of the second-layer filtering barrel is 1 cm; the aperture of the filter screen of the third-layer filtering barrel is 500 μm.

[0010] Further, each layer of filtering barrel includes a top fixing ring, a filter screen, and a separation tank. The top fixing ring is horizontally arranged at the top of the filtering barrel and is of an annular structure. Two protruding blocks are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the top fixing ring. The protruding blocks are cylindrical, and threads are arranged on the surface of the protruding blocks. The protruding blocks are fixed on the through threaded holes horizontally arranged on the top fixing ring through a threaded structure; two grooves are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the top fixing ring, and the grooves are used to place the protruding blocks of the previous inner-layer filtering barrel. The filtering barrels of each layer are fixed through the cooperation of the grooves and the protruding blocks.

[0011] Further, the separation tank includes a snap ring and a chassis. An annular blocking ridge is arranged on the horizontal part of the edge of the chassis, and the blocking ridge divides the separation tank into a storage bin and a biological bin; the storage bin is an annular space formed by the horizontal section and the vertical section of the snap ring and the blocking ridge, and the biological bin is a circular space formed by the blocking ridge and the chassis; the biological bin is used to collect benthic organisms, and the storage bin is used to store the bottom mud particles thrown in by the action of centrifugal force.

[0012] Further, the rotating unit includes a rotating barrel and a rotating motor. The rotating motor is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating space of the cylinder body, and the rotating motor drives the rotating barrel to rotate periodically in the forward and reverse directions, thereby driving the multi-layer screening unit to rotate periodically in the forward and reverse directions.

[0013] Further, the drainage unit includes a drainage barrel, a water level gauge, and a drainage pipeline; the water level gauge is fixed on the outer wall of the drainage barrel and is used to monitor the water level in the drainage barrel in real time; the drainage barrel is nested outside the rotating barrel, and the drainage barrel is fixedly connected with the cylinder body through a clamping groove structure at the top and is used to collect the waste water and sediment generated during the cleaning and screening processes; the drainage pipeline is provided with a short-time reverse water flow cleaning function to remove impurities in the pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a weight sensor is provided at the connection between the top groove of the rotating barrel and the protruding block of the third-layer filter barrel to measure the weight of the multi-layer screening unit and the sediment in the stirring barrel; a turbidity sensor is provided on the inner side wall of the drainage barrel to measure the turbidity of the water body; a flow sensor is provided on the water supply pipeline of the water spraying assembly to detect the water flow intensity and total amount in real time; a vibration sensor is provided on the outer side wall of the drainage barrel to detect the vibration degree during operation.

[0015] Furthermore, an optimal rotation speed model is constructed through the random forest algorithm to determine the rotation speed of the rotating unit to adapt to the cleaning requirements under different sediment sample characteristics and achieve the output of the optimal rotation speed combination.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects: By combining a multi-functional mechanical structure with an intelligent adjustment system, the present invention can not only efficiently separate mud masses, benthic organisms, and impurities, but also reduce the damage to benthic organisms during sediment stirring. At the same time, it can flexibly and automatically adjust the cleaning mode according to different scenario requirements, significantly improving the applicability and cleaning efficiency of the equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a separation schematic diagram of the multi-layer screening unit and the stirring barrel of a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a filter barrel with a separation groove of a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the stirrer in Embodiment 2 of a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1 - stirring and cleaning unit; 12 - water spraying assembly; 13 - stirrer; 14 - stirring barrel; 2 - multi-layer screening unit; 21 - first-layer filter barrel; 22 - second-layer filter barrel; 23 - third-layer filter barrel; 24 - separation groove; 241 - storage bin; 242 - blocking ridge; 243 - biological bin; 244 - buckle; 3 - rotating unit; 31 - rotating barrel; 32 - rotating motor; 4 - drainage unit; 41 - drainage barrel; 42 - water level gauge; 43 - drainage pipeline; 5 - cylinder body; 6 - sensor unit; 61 - weight sensor; 62 - flow sensor; 63 - turbidity sensor; 64 - vibration sensor; 7 - cover body; 131 - electric push rod; 132 - rod body; 133 - rod head. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with preferred embodiments. More details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention is obviously capable of being implemented in many other ways different from this description. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions according to the actual application situation without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0020] The accompanying drawings are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that these drawings are only examples and are not drawn under the condition of equal proportions, and should not be used to limit the actual scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, a modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device includes a cylinder body 5 and a cover body 7. A stirring and cleaning unit 1 is provided on the cover body 7, and a multi-layer screening unit 2, a rotating unit 3, and a drainage unit 4 are provided inside the cylinder body 5. The stirring and cleaning unit 1 includes a stirrer 13 disposed in a stirring barrel 14 and a water spraying assembly 12 fixed to the inner surface of the cover body. The central axis of the stirrer 13 is fixed at the central position inside the cover body 7. The multi-layer screening unit 2 is disposed in the accommodation space inside the cylinder body 5. The multi-layer screening unit 2 includes three levels of nested filter barrels from top to bottom. The axis of the multi-layer screening unit 2 coincides with the rotating shaft of the rotating unit 3.

[0022] The cover body 7 is used to seal the cylinder body 5 to prevent water from splashing outside during the cleaning process, and at the same time provide a support and installation base for the stirrer 13 and the water spraying assembly 12.

[0023] The stirring and cleaning unit 1 includes a water spraying assembly 12, a stirrer 13, and a stirring barrel 14. The water spraying assembly 12 is disposed on the inner surface of the cover body 7. The water spraying assembly 12 is used to inject water into the stirring barrel 14. The water spraying assembly 12 includes four nozzles and a water supply pipeline. Water is sprayed into the stirring barrel 14 from the nozzles through the water supply pipeline to mix the sediment with the water. The nozzles can provide a continuous water flow or a high-impact water mode. Optionally, one of the nozzles is set as a detachable nozzle to facilitate manual cleaning of areas that are difficult to reach.

[0024] The stirrer 13 is used to efficiently stir the sediment and break up the mud mass. A servo motor is provided inside the cover body 7. The servo motor drives the stirrer 13 to perform a rotational stirring motion through a connecting shaft. Among them, the output of the servo motor is adjustable in speed to adapt to the cleaning requirements of sediments with different viscosities. The connecting shaft of the servo motor coincides with the axis of the stirring barrel 14. Preferably, the stirrer 13 is a wear-resistant rubber part.

[0025] The present invention provides an embodiment 1 of the agitator 13, which specifically includes: the agitator 13 has a wide-blade structure, and the width of the agitator 13 is slightly smaller than the bottom diameter of the stirring barrel 14 to avoid damaging benthic organisms due to excessive stirring force. The agitator 13 can adjust the rotation direction and speed of the blades according to the characteristics of the bottom mud to improve the cleaning efficiency.

[0026] The present invention provides an embodiment 2 of the agitator 13, which specifically includes: as Figure 4 shown, the agitator 13 has a stirring rod structure. The stirring rod includes a rod body 132 and a rod head 133. The rod head 133 includes two rings that are tangent to each other and are used to rotate and stir the bottom mud and break up the mud mass. One end of the rod body 132 is connected to the connecting shaft of the servo motor through a universal shaft, and the other end is connected to the tangent point of the rings of the rod head 133. Sleeves are respectively fixedly arranged on the rod body 132 and the connecting shaft of the servo motor, and the two sleeves are connected by an electric push rod 131, and the connection method is a hinge connection. A first stepping motor and a second stepping motor are arranged inside the cover body 7. The first stepping motor is connected to the electric push rod 131 and is used to control the telescopic movement of the electric push rod 131, thereby controlling the swinging movement of the stirring rod. The second stepping motor is connected to the fixed platform of the servo motor and controls the up-and-down vertical movement of the servo motor, thereby driving the connecting shaft to perform up-and-down vertical movement, so as to control the up-and-down vertical movement of the stirring rod. Through the setting of the first stepping motor and the second stepping motor, the control of the three-dimensional stirring path of the rod head 133 in the stirring barrel 14 can be realized to reduce the stirring damage to benthic organisms.

[0027] The stirring barrel 14 is arranged inside the accommodating space of the cylinder body 5 and has an upper-open and lower-closed cylindrical structure. The diameter of the stirring barrel 14 is greater than the height, which is used to optimize the water flow distribution and enhance the mixing effect of the bottom mud and the water body. An adjustment valve and a bottom mud discharge port are arranged at the bottom of the stirring barrel 14, which are used to control the discharge of the bottom mud after preliminary cleaning. The adjustment valve is used to control the discharge speed of the mixture of the bottom mud and the water body by controlling the opening and closing degree of the bottom mud discharge port, and the bottom mud discharge port is used to guide the mixture of the stirred bottom mud and the water body to flow to the multi-layer screening unit 2 for further separation treatment.

[0028] A modular bottom mud cleaning and benthic organism extraction device of the present invention further includes a main control unit, and the main control unit is connected to the stirring and cleaning unit 1, the multi-layer screening unit 2, the rotating unit 3, the drainage unit 4, the sensor unit 6, and the infrared image monitoring unit. The main control unit is used to receive and process the signals transmitted by the sensor unit 6 and the infrared image monitoring unit, control the rotation of the rotating unit 3, control the cleaning and stirring of the stirring and cleaning unit 1, control the height adjustment of the blocking ridges on the multi-layer screening unit 2, and control the drainage of the drainage unit 4.

[0029] AsFigure 2 , 3 As shown in 3 , the multi - layer screening unit 2 includes a first - layer filter barrel 21, a second - layer filter barrel 22, and a third - layer filter barrel 23. The three - layer filter barrels are nested step by step. The first - layer filter barrel 21 is located in the innermost layer, and the third - layer filter barrel 23 is located in the outermost layer. The multi - layer screening unit 2 is used to classify and separate the sediment from large - particle impurities to minute benthic organisms. Each layer of the filter barrel includes a top fixing ring, a filter net, and a separation groove 24. The top fixing ring is horizontally arranged at the top of the filter barrel and is of an annular structure. Two protruding blocks are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the top fixing ring. The protruding blocks are cylindrical, and threads are provided on the surface of the protruding blocks. The protruding blocks are fixed on the through - threaded holes horizontally arranged on the top fixing ring through a threaded structure. Two grooves are horizontally and symmetrically arranged on the top fixing ring. The grooves are used to place the protruding blocks of the upper - inner - layer filter barrel. The filter barrels of each layer are fixed through the cooperation of the grooves and the protruding blocks. The protruding blocks adjust the distance between the filter barrels of each layer through a threaded structure according to the sediment volume and processing requirements to adapt to the separation effect of different sediments.

[0030] Two protruding blocks are horizontally and symmetrically arranged at the top of the stirring barrel 14. The protruding blocks are cylindrical, and threads are provided on the surface of the protruding blocks. The protruding blocks are fixed on the through - threaded holes horizontally arranged at the top of the stirring barrel 14 through a threaded structure. The protruding blocks of the stirring barrel 14 are placed in the grooves of the top fixing ring of the first - layer filter barrel 21 for fixation.

[0031] The filter net is a vertically arranged cylindrical shape with upper and lower openings. The upper end of the filter net is connected to the top fixing ring through a card - slot structure, and the lower end of the filter net is connected to the separation groove 24 through a card - slot structure. The card - slot structure connection method of the filter net facilitates the quick disassembly and replacement of the filter net. The filter nets of each layer of the filter barrel are respectively set with different pore diameters.

[0032] Preferably, the pore diameter of the filter net of the first - layer filter barrel 21 is 3 cm, which is used to initially filter large - particle impurities in the sediment; the pore diameter of the filter net of the second - layer filter barrel 22 is 1 cm, which is used to further filter smaller particles; the pore diameter of the filter net of the third - layer filter barrel 23 is 500 μm, which is used to finally separate minute particles and benthic organisms.

[0033] The separation tank 24 includes a snap ring and a chassis. The snap ring is annular, including a horizontal section and a vertical section. The outer diameter of the horizontal section is equal to the diameter of the vertical section. The horizontal section is connected to the lower end of the filter net through a card slot structure, and the vertical section is connected to the chassis through a snap 244. The snap 244 is used to quickly disassemble the chassis to clean the sediment particles and extract benthic organisms, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device. The chassis is a circular shape with a horizontal edge and a concave middle. An annular blocking ridge 242 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal part of the chassis edge. The diameter of the blocking ridge 242 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the filter net, and the height of the blocking ridge 242 is less than the height of the vertical section of the snap ring.

[0034] The blocking ridge 242 divides the separation tank 24 into a storage bin 241 and a biological bin 243. The storage bin 241 is an annular space formed by the horizontal section and the vertical section of the snap ring and the blocking ridge 242, and the biological bin 243 is a circular space formed by the blocking ridge 242 and the chassis. The biological bin 243 is used to collect benthic organisms, and the storage bin 241 is used to store the sediment particles thrown in by centrifugal force. At the same time, the blocking ridge 242 can effectively prevent benthic organisms from straying into the storage bin and prevent the sediment particles from overflowing.

[0035] The present invention provides another embodiment of the blocking ridge 242, specifically including: the blocking ridge on the first-layer filter barrel 21 is set to a structure with a dynamically adjustable height. The blocking ridge partially penetrates the chassis of the first-layer filter barrel 21, and a sealing ring is used for sealing between the penetrated part and the chassis. Four electric push rods are evenly distributed at equal intervals below the blocking ridge, and are used to push the blocking ridge to adjust the height up and down through telescopic movement. A first signal module is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the first-layer filter barrel 21. The first signal module is connected to the four electric push rods through a circuit and is connected to the main control unit through a wireless signal for signal transmission, so as to control the telescopic movement of the four electric push rods. An infrared image monitoring unit is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the stirring barrel 14, and is used to monitor the quantity and size distribution of the sediment particles in the first-layer filter barrel 21. A second signal module is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the stirring barrel 14. The second signal module is connected to the infrared image monitoring unit through a circuit and is connected to the main control unit through a wireless signal, and is used to transmit the signal image monitored by the infrared image monitoring unit. A first battery module is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the first-layer filter barrel 21, and is used to supply power to the electric push rods and the first signal module. A second battery module is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the stirring barrel 14, and is used to supply power to the infrared image monitoring unit and the second signal module.

[0036] Preferably, the electric push rod is an electromagnetic push rod or an electric push rod.

[0037] The main control unit adjusts the rotation speed of the rotary motor 32 and the height of the barrier sill in real time based on the number and size distribution of sediment particles in the first filter barrel 21, as well as the sediment characteristics, as monitored by the infrared image monitoring unit. Based on the sediment characteristics, the sediment particles are classified into primary and secondary sediment particles, where the diameter of primary sediment particles is less than a preset diameter, and the diameter of secondary sediment particles is greater than or equal to a preset diameter. When the infrared image monitoring unit detects that the proportion of primary sediment particles exceeds a first preset threshold, the main control unit controls the rotary motor 32 to operate at the first preset speed, primarily centrifugally ejecting the primary sediment particles into the storage bin 241. Simultaneously, the electric push rod pushes the barrier sill to a first preset height. When the infrared image monitoring unit detects that the proportion of primary sediment particles is less than a second preset threshold, the main control unit controls the rotary motor 32 to operate at the second preset speed, primarily centrifugally ejecting the secondary sediment particles into the storage bin 241. Simultaneously, the electric push rod pushes the barrier sill to a second preset height. The first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold, the first preset speed is less than the second preset speed, and the first preset height is less than the second preset height. By adjusting the rotation speed of the rotary motor 32 and the height of the barrier ridge in stages, the sediment particles of different diameters are graded and separated, thereby effectively improving the collection rate of the sediment particles, reducing the damage to the sediment organisms, and preventing the sediment particles from overflowing into the biological bin 243.

[0038] The rotating unit 3 includes a rotating barrel 31 and a rotating motor 32, and the rotating motor 32 is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating space of the cylinder 5. Preferably, the rotating motor 32 is a brushless motor, which can operate continuously for a long time with low noise and high stability. The rotating motor 32 drives the rotating barrel 31 to rotate forward and reverse periodically through a connecting shaft, which is used to enhance the separation effect of sediment particles and benthic organisms and avoid the problem of screen clogging caused by the accumulation of sediment particles. The rotating barrel 31 is embedded in the outside of the third-layer filter barrel 23. Two grooves are horizontally symmetrically arranged on the top of the rotating barrel 31, and the grooves are used to place the protruding blocks of the third-layer filter barrel 23. The protruding blocks of the third-layer filter barrel 23 are fixed in the grooves on the top of the rotating barrel 31. The rotating barrel 31 is fixed to the connecting shaft of the rotating motor 32.

[0039] The bottom center position of the outer surface of the rotating barrel 31 is meshed and driven with the rotating motor 32 through gears. The rotating motor 32 drives the rotating barrel 31 to rotate periodically in both forward and reverse directions through gears. The rotating barrel 31 drives the third - layer filtering barrel 23 to rotate periodically in both forward and reverse directions through the cooperation of the top groove and the protruding block of the third - layer filtering barrel 23. The third - layer filtering barrel 23 drives the second - layer filtering barrel 22 to rotate periodically in both forward and reverse directions through the cooperation of the groove on the top fixing ring and the protruding block of the second - layer filtering barrel 22. The second - layer filtering barrel 22 drives the first - layer filtering barrel 21 to rotate periodically in both forward and reverse directions through the cooperation of the groove on the top fixing ring and the protruding block of the first - layer filtering barrel 21. The first - layer filtering barrel 21 drives the stirring barrel 14 to rotate periodically in both forward and reverse directions through the cooperation of the groove on the top fixing ring and the protruding block of the stirring barrel 14.

[0040] When the first - layer filtering barrel 21, the second - layer filtering barrel 22, and the third - layer filtering barrel 23 rotate driven by the rotating barrel 31, the centrifugal force throws the heavier bottom - mud particles in the filtering barrel towards the storage bin 241. At the same time, combined with the water flow disturbance effect in the rotational movement, the screening efficiency is further optimized.

[0041] In the closed state, the cover body 7 restricts the positions of the stirring barrel 14, the first - layer filtering barrel 21, the second - layer filtering barrel 22, the third - layer filtering barrel 23, and the rotating barrel 31 in the vertical direction, so that they will not generate relative movement in the vertical direction during the rotational movement. In the closed state, the cover body 7 can limit the shaking of the rotating barrel 31 when it starts to rotate through limiting structures such as pressing / grooves / rubber pads, etc. The specific limiting method is not specifically limited here.

[0042] The drainage unit 4 includes a drainage barrel 41, a water level gauge 42, and a drainage pipe 43. The water level gauge 42 is fixed on the outer wall of the drainage barrel 41 for real - time monitoring of the water level in the drainage barrel 41. The drainage barrel 41 is sleeved outside the rotating barrel 31, and the drainage barrel 41 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body 5 through a card - slot structure at the top for collecting waste water and sediment generated during the cleaning and screening processes. The drainage pipe 43 is provided with a short - time reverse - water - flow cleaning function for removing impurities in the pipeline to ensure the smooth and stable operation of the drainage system.

[0043] The axes of the multi - layer screening unit 2, the stirring barrel 14, the drainage barrel 41, the rotating barrel 31, and the cylinder body 5 all coincide with the rotating shaft of the rotating unit 3.

[0044] Preferably, the cylinder body 5 is made of a high - strength anti - corrosion material, has good waterproof performance, is suitable for long - term use in complex water - quality environments, and its shape can be cylindrical or cubic to meet the usage requirements of different scenarios.

[0045] Preferably, adjustable support feet or pulleys are provided at the bottom of the cylinder body 5 to facilitate the stable placement and movement operation of the device on different sites.

[0046] A modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device of the present invention further includes a sensor unit 6 for real-time monitoring of the operating state of the device and key parameters of the cleaning process. The sensor unit 6 includes a weight sensor 61, a flow sensor 62, a turbidity sensor 63, and a vibration sensor 64. Among them, a weight sensor 61 is provided at the connection between the top groove of the rotating barrel 31 and the protruding block of the third-layer filtering barrel 23 to measure the weight of the sediment in the multi-layer screening unit 2 and the stirring barrel 14, and to ensure moderate centrifugal force of the device through the main control unit to prevent damage to benthic organisms caused by excessive centrifugal force. A turbidity sensor 63 is provided on the inner side wall of the drainage barrel 41 to measure the turbidity of the water body and reflect the sediment content in the water body, and to optimize the rotation speed and duration of the cleaning cycle of the device through the main control unit. A flow sensor 62 is provided on the water supply pipeline of the water spraying assembly 12 to detect the water flow intensity and total amount in real time, and to dynamically adjust the water spraying amount of the nozzle through the main control unit to ensure the accuracy of the cleaning process. A vibration sensor 64 is provided on the outer side wall of the drainage barrel 41 to detect the vibration degree during operation, and to control the vibration amplitude of the device within a safe range through the main control unit to ensure stable operation of the device. The sensor unit is used to provide dynamic adjustment support for the device, improve the cleaning efficiency, and ensure the integrity of the sample and the operating safety of the device.

[0047] In the present invention, the main control unit constructs an optimal rotation speed model during cleaning through the random forest algorithm to determine the rotation speed of the rotating unit to meet the cleaning requirements under different sediment sample characteristics and achieve the output of the optimal rotation speed combination.

[0048] In the preliminary pre-experiment, by collecting characteristic data such as sample weight, initial water turbidity, turbidity change rate, and rotation stability, and combining the cleaning effect and the integrity of benthic organisms, the optimal rotation speed range for each sample is determined. The experimental data is marked as the training data set to guide the construction and optimization of the model. Based on the preliminary experimental data, the optimal rotation speed model is trained through the random forest algorithm to realize the intelligent regulation of the operating parameters of the device.

[0049] The training of the random forest algorithm takes the sample weight, the initial turbidity of the water body, the turbidity change rate, and the rotational stability as inputs, and the optimal rotational speed range of the sample as the output. The experimental data is divided into a training set and a test set in a ratio of 7:3, and multiple decision trees are constructed by combining the weight distribution and the multiple sampling technique. During the training process, each decision tree independently predicts the optimal rotational speed range using the input features, and finally, the results of all decision trees are integrated by the majority voting method to determine the best rotational speed range. After the training is completed, the model is deployed to the actual device, and the optimal rotational speed range is dynamically output based on the real-time collected sample feature data, optimizing the operating efficiency of the rotating unit 3 and ensuring efficient cleaning and the protection of benthic organisms.

[0050] The sediment cleaning device of this embodiment supports diverse power supply and water supply methods to meet the diverse needs of laboratory and field scenarios. Users can choose to use an external battery or direct power supply to provide stable power for the motor and the rotating motor 32 in the cover 7, ensuring the continuous operation of the device. During laboratory operations, the device can be directly connected to a water pipe for water supply, while in the field scenario, water is supplied through a portable water pump, ensuring efficient operation even without a fixed water source. The water flows through the pipes in the cover 7 and enters the water spraying assembly 12, providing a stable water source for the sediment cleaning process. The power supply and water supply design in this embodiment not only meets the high-efficiency cleaning requirements of fixed water sources in the laboratory but also provides reliable support for sample collection in complex field environments. The diverse operation methods improve the flexibility and practicality of the device in different application scenarios.

[0051] In the specific operation process, first, the device is stably placed on a flat platform through the adjustable support feet at the bottom of the cylinder body 5 to ensure stability during device operation. The user can choose to supply power through an external battery or direct power supply. According to the laboratory or field scenario, connect a faucet or a water pump to supply water respectively. Open the cover body 7, put the sediment sample to be cleaned into the stirring barrel 14, and connect the water source supply. The water spraying assembly 12 starts to work, detects the water spraying intensity and water volume through the built-in flow sensor 62, and injects water into the stirring barrel 14 in a small amount and multiple times. The total water injection volume is 3 / 4 of the volume of the stirring barrel 14 to ensure sufficient mixing of the sediment and water. Subsequently, the stirrer 13 stirs the sediment in an adjustable speed mode, decomposes the compact sediment mass and releases the attached benthic organisms while reducing the damage to the organisms. After the stirring is completed, open the regulating valve at the bottom of the stirring barrel 14, and the sediment is discharged into the multi-layer screening unit 2 through the sediment discharge port. The water spraying assembly 12 switches to the high-impact water mode, and the nozzles rotate around the center of the nozzle at different angles and spray the stirrer 13 and the stirring barrel 14 with a higher water pressure to ensure that there is no residual sediment on the stirring device and the barrel wall. In the multi-layer screening unit 2, first, judge the particle size of the sediment through infrared images to determine the rotation speed and the height of the blocking ridge 242, and rotate for a preset duration to discharge large particle sediment particles to prevent damage to organisms during the subsequent cleaning process. After the cleaning starts, combine the data of the weight sensor 61 and the turbidity sensor 63, and select the rotation speed of the rotating unit 3 through the random forest algorithm. The rotating unit quickly separates sediment particles and sediment particles through centrifugal force and forward and reverse periodic rotation to avoid screen blockage, During the cleaning process, the turbidity sensor 63 monitors the turbidity of the water body. When the turbidity reaches the threshold, it automatically drains the water and re-injects clean water to start a new round of cleaning. The vibration sensor 64 detects the operation state of the device in real time. If the vibration is too large, the system will automatically reduce the rotation speed to ensure the safety of the device. Cycle cleaning until the water body is clear and the benthic organisms are completely separated.

[0052] After the cleaning is completed, the different filter meshes in the multi-layer screening unit 2 can be conveniently taken out through the two-side buckles to collect benthic organisms and impurities respectively. The detachable nozzle in the water spraying assembly can be switched to the high-impact water mode to thoroughly clean the inside of the device to ensure that the device is ready for the next use.

[0053] Through the combination of a multi-functional mechanical structure and an intelligent adjustment system, the present invention can not only efficiently separate sediment masses, benthic organisms and impurities, but also flexibly adjust the cleaning mode according to different scenario requirements, significantly improving the applicability and cleaning efficiency of the device.

[0054] The above content is an illustration of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which can help those skilled in the art to more fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention. However, these embodiments are merely examples and cannot be considered that the specific implementation manners of the present invention are limited to the descriptions of these embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions and transformations can still be made, and all should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device, comprising a cylinder body and a cover body, characterized in that, A stirring and cleaning unit is provided on the cover body, and a multi-layer screening unit, a rotating unit, and a drainage unit are provided inside the cylinder body. The stirring and cleaning unit includes a stirrer disposed in the stirring barrel and a water spraying assembly fixed to the inner surface of the cover body. The central axis of the stirrer is fixed at the central position inside the cover body. The multi-layer screening unit is disposed in the accommodation space inside the cylinder body. The multi-layer screening unit includes three levels of nested filter barrels in sequence from top to bottom. The axis of the multi-layer screening unit coincides with the rotating axis of the rotating unit.

2. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 1, wherein, The stirring and cleaning unit includes a water spraying assembly, a stirrer, and a stirring barrel; the water spraying assembly is disposed on the inner surface of the cover body, and the water spraying assembly is used to inject water into the stirring barrel. The water spraying assembly includes four nozzles and a water supply pipe. Water is sprayed into the stirring barrel from the nozzles through the water supply pipe.

3. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 1, wherein The multi-layer screening unit includes a first-layer filter barrel, a second-layer filter barrel, and a third-layer filter barrel. The three filter barrels are nested step by step. The first-layer filter barrel is located in the innermost layer, and the third-layer filter barrel is located in the outermost layer. The multi-layer screening unit is used to classify and separate the bottom mud from large particle impurities to minute benthic organisms.

4. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 3, wherein, The aperture of the filter net of the first-layer filter barrel is 3 cm; the aperture of the filter net of the second-layer filter barrel is 1 cm; the aperture of the filter net of the third-layer filter barrel is 500 μm.

5. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each layer of filter barrel includes a top fixing ring, a filter net, and a separation groove. The top fixing ring is horizontally disposed at the top of the filter barrel and is of a ring structure. Two protruding blocks are horizontally and symmetrically disposed on the top fixing ring. The protruding blocks are cylindrical, and threads are provided on the surface of the protruding blocks. The protruding blocks are fixed to the through threaded holes horizontally disposed on the top fixing ring through a threaded structure; two grooves are horizontally and symmetrically disposed on the top fixing ring, and the grooves are used to place the protruding blocks of the upper inner-layer filter barrel. Each layer of filter barrel is fixed through the cooperation of the grooves and the protruding blocks.

6. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The separation groove includes a snap ring and a chassis. An annular blocking ridge is provided on the horizontal part of the edge of the chassis. The blocking ridge divides the separation groove into a storage bin and a biological bin; the storage bin is an annular space formed by the horizontal section and the vertical section of the snap ring and the blocking ridge, and the biological bin is a circular space formed by the blocking ridge and the chassis; the biological bin is used to collect benthic organisms, and the storage bin is used to store the bottom mud particles thrown in by the centrifugal force.

7. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotating unit includes a rotating barrel and a rotating motor. The rotating motor is disposed at the bottom of the accommodation space of the cylinder body. The rotating motor drives the rotating barrel to rotate periodically in the forward and reverse directions, thereby driving the multi-layer screening unit to rotate periodically in the forward and reverse directions.

8. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage unit includes a drainage barrel, a water level gauge, and a drainage pipe; the water level gauge is fixed to the outer wall of the drainage barrel and is used to monitor the water level in the drainage barrel in real time; the drainage barrel is nested outside the rotating barrel, and the drainage barrel is fixedly connected to the cylinder body through a card slot structure at the top and is used to collect the wastewater and sediment generated during the cleaning and screening processes; the drainage pipe is provided with a short-time reverse water flow cleaning function to remove impurities in the pipe.

9. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 1, wherein A weight sensor is set at the connection between the top groove of the rotating barrel and the protruding block of the third-layer filter barrel to measure the weight of the multi-layer screening unit and the sediment in the stirring barrel; a turbidity sensor is set on the inner side wall of the drainage barrel to measure the water turbidity; a flow sensor is set on the water supply pipeline of the water spraying assembly to detect the water flow intensity and total amount in real time; a vibration sensor is set on the outer side wall of the drainage barrel to detect the vibration degree during operation.

10. The modular sediment cleaning and benthic organism extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An optimal rotation speed model is constructed through the random forest algorithm to determine the rotation speed of the rotating unit to meet the cleaning requirements under different sediment sample characteristics and achieve the output of the optimal rotation speed combination.

Images