Friction nanometer power generation device capable of collecting multidirectional water wave energy

Abstract

The invention provides a multidirectional water wave energy collection friction nanometer power generation device, which comprises a shell, a hollow annular track which is arranged in the shell and is internally attached with a negative electricity material film and a copper foil electrode, a rolling ball wrapped with a positive electricity material, a main connecting rod assembly, a swinging disc and a universal base, and is characterized in that the rolling ball can freely roll in the hollow annular track; the hollow annular rail is installed on the swing disc, and the main connecting rod assembly is connected with the shell, the swing disc and the universal base. On the basis of the design of the rolling balls and the hollow annular track, sea wave excitation in any direction can be converted into electric energy, the defect that sea wave excitation frequency is too low and is not easy to use is effectively overcome, the sea wave excitation frequency can be effectively amplified, and induced electromotive force is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water wave energy collection, and particularly relates to a triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy collection, which is used to efficiently collect water wave energy in any direction and convert it into electrical energy. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the increasing consumption of global non-renewable fossil energy, the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems are becoming increasingly severe. Finding clean and renewable alternative energy has become one of the important directions of current scientific research. As a highly potential renewable energy, water wave energy has many significant advantages. In terms of distribution range, about 71% of the earth's surface is covered by the ocean, and the vast sea area means that water wave energy is extremely widely distributed. There are rich water wave energy resources both in shallow sea areas and deep sea areas. Moreover, water wave energy has a high energy density and is less affected by seasons, temperature and weather conditions, with great development potential. However, the existing water wave energy collection technologies have many limitations. For example, traditional electromagnetic generators are based on the law of electromagnetic induction, generating electrical energy by cutting magnetic induction lines with a coil in a magnetic field. However, when facing low-frequency water wave excitation, due to the low frequency of water waves, the speed of the coil cutting magnetic induction lines is slow, resulting in a small induced electromotive force, thus making the power generation efficiency extremely low, and the equipment is difficult to maintain and the cost is high, which limits its large-scale application.

[0003] In recent years, as an emerging energy collection technology, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on the combination of triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction can efficiently convert low-frequency and random mechanical energy into electrical energy. TENG has the advantages of low cost, light weight, environmental friendliness, etc., and has been widely used in various mechanical energy collection scenarios such as human motion, wind energy, and infrastructure vibration. In the field of water wave energy collection, TENG shows unique advantages and can adapt to the low-frequency and random characteristics of water waves, providing a new idea for solving the problem of ocean energy utilization.

[0004] However, the existing TENG structures still have some deficiencies in water wave energy collection. For example, many existing TENG designs cannot make full use of the diversity of water wave propagation directions when facing water waves. When water waves propagate in the ocean environment, the directions are complex and changeable, while many TENG structures can only effectively respond to water waves in specific directions, and a large amount of water wave energy in other directions is wasted. And there are problems such as limited output power and complex structure in large-scale energy collection. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a triboelectric nanogenerator that can efficiently collect multi-directional water wave energy, has a simple structure and is easy to expand. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy collection, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art mentioned in the above background art, namely, the prior art cannot make full use of the multi-directionality of water waves, has limited output power and a complex structure.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy collection, comprising a housing, a hollow annular track with a negatively charged material film and a copper foil electrode inside the housing, a rolling ball wrapped with a positively charged material, a main connecting rod assembly, a swinging disc and a universal base. The rolling ball can roll freely in the hollow annular track. The hollow annular track is installed on the swinging disc. The main connecting rod assembly connects the housing, the swinging disc and the universal base, and the main connecting rod of the main connecting rod assembly can swing freely.

[0008] Further, the hollow annular track is a circular hollow cylinder. At least one hollow annular track is provided. The hollow annular track is formed by splicing two upper and lower semi-annular surfaces, and there is a wire hole at the splicing surface. Multiple concentric hollow annular tracks with different radii can be provided for the hollow annular track, and the cross-sectional diameters of the tracks are the same or decrease sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0009] Further, the copper foil electrode is annular and is circumferentially and equidistantly spaced and attached to the inner surface of the hollow annular track. Adjacent two copper foil electrodes are in a group and are connected by a wire. The negatively charged material film is attached to the inner side of the copper foil electrode.

[0010] Further, the upper surface of the swinging disc is provided with an annular groove matching the hollow annular track. A connecting flange is installed at the center of the swinging disc, and there is an internal thread in the inner hole at the center of the connecting flange.

[0011] Further, the main connecting rod assembly includes a main connecting rod, an internal threaded rod end joint bearing, an obtuse connecting rod, a flange type linear bearing and a flat thrust bearing. External threads are provided at both ends and the middle of the main connecting rod. The external thread in the middle of it is connected to the swinging disc, and by rotating the swinging disc, its position relative to the main connecting rod is changed. The top of the main connecting rod is connected to the internal threaded rod end joint bearing, and the bottom of the main connecting rod is connected to the universal base.

[0012] Further, the housing is composed of a top cover, a cylindrical barrel and a sealing ring. The top cover is installed at the upper end of the barrel through bolts or a snap structure, and an annular groove for installing the sealing ring is provided at the contact surface between the barrel and the top cover.

[0013] Further, the housing further includes a protective cover. In the middle of the side of the top cover opposite to the annular groove, there is a threaded boss, and the protective cover is threadedly and sealingly connected to the boss.

[0014] Further, the universal base is composed of large balls, small balls, a seat body, an upper cover, etc. The large ball is provided with a threaded mounting hole for connecting to the bottom of the main connecting rod. The upper cover is provided with a hole with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the large ball. The seat body is provided with a hemispherical groove, and small balls are laid between the large ball and the hemispherical groove. The seat body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing.

[0015] Further, the housing is made of acrylic material. The positive electrical material is selected from polyoxymethylene, ethyl cellulose, nylon or aluminum, and the negative electrical material is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyimide.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Under the action of ocean waves, the present invention uses the rolling of the rolling ball in the hollow annular track to promote the periodic contact and separation between the positive electrical material wrapped on the surface of the rolling ball and the thin film of the negative electrical material arranged at intervals on the inner surface of the hollow annular track, generating an induced electromotive force. And through the copper foil electrode and the wire attached to the thin film of the negative electrical material, the induced electromotive force is used for an external circuit, achieving the effect of collecting ocean wave energy and using it for power generation. Based on the design of the rolling ball and the hollow annular track, ocean wave excitation in any direction can be converted into electrical energy, and it effectively overcomes the characteristic that the frequency of ocean wave excitation is too low and not easy to utilize. The frequency of ocean wave excitation can be effectively amplified, improving the induced electromotive force. Combining the advantages of the triboelectric nanogenerator TENG, it can fully collect energy such as ocean rivers, etc., and has great application potential in the fields of self-powered sensors, ocean monitoring, etc., and is suitable for large-scale ocean energy development and other blue energy applications. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a partial sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the swing disk and the main connecting rod assembly;

[0022] Figure 4It is a structural diagram of an obtuse-angle connecting rod;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the main connecting rod assembly.

[0024] In the attached drawings, the components represented by each label are as follows:

[0025] Shell - 1, hollow annular track - 2, rolling ball - 3, main connecting rod assembly - 4, swing disc - 5, universal base - 6;

[0026] Top cover - 11, cylinder - 12, sealing ring - 13;

[0027] Hollow annular track with a smaller radius - 21, hollow annular track with a larger radius - 22, copper foil electrode - 23;

[0028] Main connecting rod - 41, inner threaded rod end joint bearing - 42, obtuse-angle connecting rod - 43, flange-type linear bearing - 44, planar thrust bearing - 45;

[0029] Annular groove - 51, connecting flange - 52;

[0030] Large ball - 61, seat body - 62, upper cover - 63. Specific implementation mode

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the attached drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy collection includes a shell 1, a hollow annular track 2 with a negative charge material film and a copper foil electrode attached inside the shell 1, a rolling ball 3 wrapped with a positive charge material, a main connecting rod assembly 4, a swing disc 5, and a universal base 6, etc. The rolling ball 3 can freely roll in the hollow annular track 2. The main connecting rod assembly 4 connects the shell 1, the swing disc 5, and the universal base 6, and the hollow annular track 2 is installed on the swing disc 5.

[0033] The housing 1 is composed of a top cover 11, a cylindrical barrel 12, a sealing ring 13, and a protective cover (not shown in the figure). The top cover 11 is installed at the upper end of the barrel 12 through bolts or snap structures. An annular groove for installing the sealing ring is provided on the contact surface between the barrel 12 and the top cover 11. Multiple annular grooves can be used to improve the sealing performance. In the middle of the surface of the top cover opposite to the annular groove, there is a threaded boss (not shown in the figure). The protective cover is threadedly and sealedly connected to the boss to prevent water from entering the interior of the housing. A through hole is provided at the center of the top cover 11. The housing 1 can be made of acrylic material for easy observation of the interior of the device.

[0034] The hollow annular track 2 is a circular hollow barrel, with at least one being provided, and multiple concentric hollow annular tracks with different radii can be provided. In this embodiment, two hollow annular tracks are provided. Refer to the appendix Figure 2 , there is a hollow annular track 21 with a smaller radius and a hollow annular track 22 with a larger radius. Figure 2 Among them, the hollow annular track 22 with a larger radius is in an open state. When multiple hollow annular tracks are provided, the diameters of their track cross-sections can be the same or can decrease sequentially from the outside to the inside. The hollow annular track 2 is composed of two half-ring surfaces spliced up and down, and a wire hole is left at the splicing surface. On the inner surface of the hollow annular track 2, annular copper foil electrodes 23 are circumferentially and equidistantly spaced and pasted. Adjacent two copper foil electrodes form a group and are connected by wires, respectively serving as electrodes of an external circuit. A negative charge material film is pasted on the inner side of the copper foil electrode 23. An annular groove 51 matching the hollow annular track 2 is provided on the upper surface of the swing disk 5, serving as a mounting seat for the hollow annular track 2. The hollow annular track 2 and the swing disk 5 are fixed by bolts. A connecting flange 52 is installed at the center of the swing disk 5, and an internal thread is provided in the inner hole at the center of the connecting flange 52.

[0035] The outer surface of the rolling ball 3 is wrapped with a positive charge material and is placed in the hollow annular track 2, where it can freely roll, periodically make contact with and separate from the negative charge material film on the inner side of the hollow annular track 2, and generate an induced electromotive force on the copper foil electrode 23 to supply power to an external circuit. The diameter of the rolling ball 3 matches that of the corresponding hollow annular track 2, and the number of rolling balls 3 matches the number of hollow annular tracks 2. The body of the rolling ball 3 can be made of any material with a relatively high density to increase the rolling weight and make the swing disk 5 swing freely more efficiently. The positive charge material can be selected from materials that are easy to lose electrons, such as nylon, polyoxymethylene, ethyl cellulose, aluminum, etc.

[0036] The main connecting rod assembly 4 includes a main connecting rod 41, an inner threaded rod end joint bearing 42, an obtuse angle connecting rod 43, a flange type linear bearing 44, and a flat thrust bearing 45. External threads are provided at both ends and in the middle of the main connecting rod 41. The external thread in the middle thereof is matched with the internal thread of the connecting flange 52 on the swing disc 5. By rotating the swing disc 5, its relative position with respect to the main connecting rod 41 can be changed, and its position on the main connecting rod 41 is fixed by a locking nut. The top of the main connecting rod 41 passes through the spherical inner ring of the inner threaded rod end joint bearing 42, and the end is fixed with a nut. The bottom of the main connecting rod 41 is connected to the universal base 6 by a thread. The threaded end of the inner threaded rod end joint bearing 42 is connected to the lower end of the obtuse angle connecting rod 43. External threads are provided at both ends of the obtuse angle connecting rod 43. Its upper end sequentially passes through the flange type linear bearing 44 and the flat thrust bearing 45, and the end is fixed with a nut. The angle of the obtuse angle connecting rod 43 determines the swing angle of the swing disc 5. The flange type linear bearing 44 is fixed to the top cover 11 by bolts through a through hole in the center of the top cover 11. This structure of the main connecting rod assembly 4 allows the obtuse angle connecting rod 43 to rotate around the center of the top cover 11, and drives the main connecting rod 41 to swing or revolve in cooperation with the universal base 6.

[0037] The universal base 6 is composed of large balls 61, small balls, a seat body 62, an upper cover 63, etc. Threaded mounting holes are provided on the large balls 61 for connection with the bottom of the main connecting rod 41. The upper cover 63 is provided with a hole having a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the large balls 61. The seat body 62 is provided with a hemispherical groove, and small balls are laid between the large balls 61 and the hemispherical groove, and the large balls 61 can freely roll on the small balls. The seat body 62 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 1.

[0038] The device is wrapped and sealed by an external cylindrical acrylic housing 1. Under the action of water waves, a rolling ball 3 wrapped with a positive - charged material rolls back and forth in a hollow annular track 2. The spherical surface of the positive - charged material constantly contacts and separates from the negative - charged material film evenly spaced on the inner side of the hollow annular track 2. Due to the different electron affinities of the two materials, the positive - charged material is prone to losing electrons and serves as an electron donor. Common positive - charged materials include: polyoxymethylene, ethyl cellulose, nylon, aluminum, etc., which are used as the outer surface material of the rolling ball; while the negative - charged material is prone to gaining electrons and serves as an electron acceptor. Common negative - charged materials include: polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyimide (Kapton), etc., which are used as the negative - charged material film. According to the triboelectric effect, equal amounts of positive and negative charges are generated on the surfaces of the positive - charged material and the negative - charged material respectively during the friction process. Among them, the spherical surface of the positive - charged material ball carries a positive charge, and the surface of the negative - charged material film carries a negative charge. The negative - charged material film is attached to the copper - foil electrode 23. The negative charges on the surface of the negative - charged material film generate induced charges on the copper - foil electrode 23 through the action of electrostatic induction. Adjacent copper - foil electrodes form a group of electrodes and are connected by wires. Multiple groups of electrodes are connected in parallel to increase the generated current. As the rolling ball 3 wrapped with the positive - charged material rolls, when the rolling ball 3 approaches a certain copper - foil electrode 23, the negative charges on this copper - foil electrode 23 accumulate to form a negative pole, and the other copper - foil electrode 23 connected to it through a wire becomes a positive pole, thus generating a potential difference between the positive and negative copper - foil electrodes. The copper - foil electrodes 23 are arranged alternately. Through an external circuit, charges can flow between the two copper - foil electrodes to form a current. The rolling motion of the rolling ball 3 wrapped with the positive - charged material continuously repeats the above - mentioned triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction process, enabling the periodic transfer of charges between the electrodes, thereby converting the mechanical energy of water waves into electrical energy.

[0039] Since both the negative - charged material film and the copper - foil electrode 23 are arranged at intervals within the hollow annular track 2, when the rolling ball 3 rolls one circle in the hollow annular track 2, multiple contacts and separations of the positive and negative - charged materials occur, which plays a role in amplifying the excitation frequency of water - wave energy and results in higher power - generation efficiency. The rolling ball 3 wrapped with the positive - charged material and the hollow annular track 2 are installed on a swing disk 5. The swing disk 5 is connected to the universal base 6 at the center of the bottom of the cylinder 12 through a main connecting rod 41, enabling the swing disk 5 to swing with water waves in any direction and be converted into the rolling of the rolling ball 3 within the hollow annular track 2 in real - time. Due to the circumferential symmetry of the hollow annular track 2, the device can collect water - wave energy from any direction, thereby achieving efficient energy conversion. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, simple structure, convenient maintenance, and low cost.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, according to the content of this specification, many modifications and variations can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "top end", "bottom end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0042] In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a hollow annular track (2) provided with a negatively charged material thin film and a copper foil electrode inside the housing (1), a rolling ball (3) wrapped with a positively charged material, a main connecting rod assembly (4), a swinging disc (5), and a universal base (6). The rolling ball (3) can freely roll inside the hollow annular track (2). The hollow annular track (2) is installed on the swinging disc (5). The main connecting rod assembly (4) connects the housing (1), the swinging disc (5), and the universal base (6). The main connecting rod (41) of the main connecting rod assembly (4) can swing freely.

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy collection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow annular track (2) is a circular hollow cylinder. At least one hollow annular track (2) is provided. The hollow annular track (2) is formed by splicing two upper and lower semi-annular surfaces, and a wire hole is left at the splicing surface.

3. The triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 1, wherein, The hollow annular track (2) is a circular hollow cylinder. A plurality of concentric hollow annular tracks with different radii are provided. The diameters of the cross-sections of the tracks are the same or decrease sequentially from the outside to the inside. The hollow annular track (2) is all formed by splicing two upper and lower semi-annular surfaces, and a wire hole is left at the splicing surface.

4. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The copper foil electrode (23) is annular and is circumferentially and equidistantly attached to the inner surface of the hollow annular track (2). Adjacent two copper foil electrodes are in a group and are connected by a wire. The negatively charged material thin film is attached to the inner side of the copper foil electrode (23).

5. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular groove (51) matching the hollow annular track (2) is provided on the upper surface of the swinging disc (5). A connecting flange (52) is installed at the center of the swinging disc (5), and an internal thread is provided in the inner hole at the center of the connecting flange (52).

6. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The main connecting rod assembly (4) includes a main connecting rod (41), an internal threaded rod end joint bearing (42), an obtuse connecting rod (43), a flange type linear bearing (44), and a flat thrust bearing (45). External threads are provided at both ends and the middle of the main connecting rod (41). The external thread in the middle is connected to the swinging disc (5). By rotating the swinging disc (5), its position relative to the main connecting rod (41) is changed. The top of the main connecting rod (41) is connected to the internal threaded rod end joint bearing (42), and the bottom of the main connecting rod (41) is connected to the universal base (6).

7. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that, The housing (1) is composed of a top cover (11), a cylindrical barrel (12), and a sealing ring (13). The top cover (11) is installed at the upper end of the barrel (12) through a bolt or snap structure. An annular groove for installing the sealing ring is provided at the contact surface between the barrel (12) and the top cover (11).

8. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The housing (1) further includes a protective cover. A threaded boss is provided in the middle of the surface of the top cover opposite to the annular groove. The protective cover is threadedly and hermetically connected to the boss.

9. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 8, characterized in that, The universal base (6) is composed of large balls (61), small balls, a seat body (62), an upper cover (63), etc. A threaded mounting hole is provided on the large ball (61) and is connected to the bottom of the main connecting rod (41). The upper cover (63) is provided with a hole having a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the large ball (61). The seat body (62) is provided with a hemispherical groove, and small balls are laid between the large ball (61) and the hemispherical groove. The seat body (62) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (1).

10. A triboelectric nanogenerator for multi-directional water wave energy harvesting according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 8, characterized in that, The housing 1 is made of acrylic material. The positive electrode material is selected from polyoxymethylene, ethyl cellulose, nylon or aluminum, and the negative electrode material is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyimide.

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