Adjustable back arris arc template structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable back arris arc formwork structure which comprises a formwork assembly and a hoisting mechanism, the hoisting mechanism is connected with a winch on an operation beam of a tower building machine, the formwork assembly comprises a plurality of flexible plates and a plurality of supporting plates, positioning plates are fixed to the two ends of each supporting plate, and splicing assemblies are arranged on the positioning plates; a flexible plate is connected between every two adjacent supporting plates through an assembling assembly, the flexible plates are elastic, and the front end faces of the flexible plates and the front end faces of the supporting plates jointly form a continuous smooth working face. The rear end face of the supporting plate is connected with a reinforcing back ridge, the middle of the rear end face of the flexible plate is provided with a plurality of connecting blocks, and the reinforcing back ridge is provided with a plurality of adjustable back ridge assemblies. The curvature of the arc formwork can be accurately controlled in the construction process of the tower building machine, and a high-reliability solution is provided for curved surface concrete pouring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction technology, and particularly to an adjustable back rib arc formwork structure. Background Art

[0002] In the mechanized construction of modern high-rise tower buildings, tower cranes have become the core construction equipment due to their characteristics of continuous climbing and integrated operation. However, the construction efficiency of tower cranes highly depends on the adaptability of the supporting formwork system. Especially for curved concrete structures, the circular arc formwork system is one of the core equipments. However, the traditional formwork structure has the following technical pain points: Fixed curvature formworks are only applicable to a single designed diameter and cannot adapt to variable diameter designs, resulting in the need to re-customize and replace formworks whenever the surface diameter changes, causing a sharp increase in costs and construction delays. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable back rib arc formwork structure to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An adjustable back rib arc formwork structure includes a formwork assembly and a hoisting mechanism. The hoisting mechanism is connected to a winch on the operating beam of a tower crane. The formwork assembly includes a plurality of flexible plates and a plurality of support plates. Positioning plates are fixed at both ends of the support plates. Assembly components are arranged on the positioning plates. Flexible plates are connected between adjacent two support plates through the assembly components. The flexible plates are elastic, and their front end faces and the front end faces of the support plates together form a continuous smooth working surface; The rear end face of the support plate is connected with a reinforcing back rib. A plurality of connecting blocks are arranged in the middle of the rear end face of the flexible plate. A plurality of adjustable back rib components are installed on the reinforcing back rib. Each adjustable back rib component includes a support and two sets of telescopic self-locking members. The support is fixedly installed on the reinforcing back rib. One ends of the two sets of telescopic self-locking members are respectively hinged and installed at the left and right ends of the support, and the other ends are connected to the corresponding connecting blocks on one side through a detachable hinge structure. When the flexible plate bends and deforms, the distance between the connecting block and the support changes, and the telescopic self-locking members can adaptively extend and automatically lock; A connecting seat is horizontally arranged in the middle of the reinforcing back rib. The two ends of the connecting seat symmetrically extend to the rear spaces of the flexible plates on the left and right sides, and movable members are arranged on both sides thereof. When the flexible plate bends and deforms, the movable members always maintain close contact with the back of the flexible plate through active displacement to achieve continuous abutting support.

[0005] Furthermore, a number of sealing cavities are evenly spaced and opened on both sides of the front end of the connecting seat. The movable member includes a connecting rod, a support rod, and a seal. The connecting rod is slidably disposed on the sealing cavity. The front end of the connecting rod penetrates through the connecting seat and extends to the outside, and the support rod is disposed at the end thereof. The seal is disposed at the other end of the connecting rod. A first spring is connected between the seal and the inner wall of the sealing cavity. The rear ends of the sealing cavities are communicated through a conduit. Air ports are disposed at both the left and right ends of the connecting seat, and the air ports on both sides are respectively communicated with both ends of the conduit. The air ports on the corresponding sides of two adjacent connecting seats are connected by a detachable hose.

[0006] Furthermore, the telescopic self-locking member includes a sleeve, a support frame, a ratchet rack, and a ratchet pawl. The support frame is slidably assembled in the sleeve. The other end of the support frame extends out of the sleeve, and a fastening seat is hinged at the end thereof. A fastening hole is opened on the fastening seat, and a corresponding threaded hole is opened on the connecting block. The fastening hole and the threaded hole are connected by a bolt. A groove for embedding the ratchet rack is opened in the section of the support frame located inside the sleeve. An adjusting seat is slidably assembled inside the sleeve. The ratchet pawl is hinged on the adjusting seat, and a return spring is connected between the ratchet pawl and the adjusting seat. A pull rod is movably disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve. The bottom end of the pull rod penetrates and extends to be connected with the adjusting seat. Pulling up the pull rod can drive the horizontal displacement of the adjusting seat, forcing the ratchet pawl to disengage from the ratchet rack to achieve unlocking.

[0007] Furthermore, the assembling component includes a number of fixing rods. A number of through holes are opened on the positioning plate. The fixing rods are slidably disposed in each through hole. A limiting block is disposed at the rear end of the fixing rod. A fastening spring is connected between the limiting block and the rear end face of the positioning plate. A key block is disposed at the front end of the fixing rod. A key hole matching the key block is opened on the positioning plate, and a limiting port is designed at the bottom of the key hole. Elastic sealing strips are disposed at both the left and right ends of the support plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the flexible plate includes a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a base layer. The surface layer is made of a 1.5 mm wear-resistant stainless steel plate, the intermediate layer is made of a 3 mm high-elastic natural rubber, the base layer is made of a 2 mm glass fiber-reinforced nylon plate, and an Ω-shaped spring steel strip is embedded on the side of the flexible plate.

[0009] Further, hoisting openings are formed in both the upper and lower sides of the rear end face of the support plate, and hoisting rods are fixed in the hoisting openings; the hoisting mechanism includes a main frame, a movable frame, a first bearing frame and a second bearing frame. Movable grooves are formed in the inner sides of the left and right ends of the main frame, a lead screw and a slide bar are respectively arranged in the two movable grooves, one end of the movable frame is slidably connected to the slide bar, and the other end is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The lead screw is driven to rotate by a motor. A first bearing frame and a second bearing frame are respectively connected to the middle parts of the movable frame and the main frame. Shovel blocks are symmetrically arranged at the bottom ends of the first bearing frame and the second bearing frame. Guide wheels are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the left and right sides of the rear end face of the second bearing frame. A first telescopic cylinder and a second telescopic cylinder are respectively arranged on the main frame and the second bearing frame. Traction ropes are arranged at the ends of the piston rods of the first telescopic cylinder and the second telescopic cylinder. Hooks are arranged at both ends of the traction rope. A plurality of lifting lugs are distributed at the top end of the main frame.

[0010] Further, a bearing seat is arranged in the middle of the first bearing frame. A plurality of adjusting holes are equally spaced and formed in the rear end face of the bearing seat. Pressure rods are slidably assembled in the adjusting holes. The rear ends of the pressure rods extend out of the bearing seat and are fixedly connected with pressure blocks. A preloading spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of each pressure rod. The two ends of the preloading spring are respectively connected to the front side face of the pressure block and the rear end face of the bearing seat. A corrugated anti-slip rubber strip is embedded in the rear end face of the pressure block, and staggered convex patterns are arranged on the surface of the anti-slip rubber strip.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The template assembly of the present invention adopts the splicing design of a flexible plate and a support plate, and realizes rapid assembly and unlocking through the assembly component, which is convenient for adjusting the length and bending degree of the template according to the design curvature to meet the requirements of different arc radii; The telescopic self-locking part of the back rib adjusting component is automatically locked unidirectionally when the template is bent to prevent the flexible plate from rebounding; the reinforcing back ribs and multiple groups of support frames form a continuous grid to disperse the lateral pressure during concrete pouring and avoid local instability. At the same time, high-pressure gas is introduced into the pneumatic network of the connecting seat after bending and shaping to strengthen the abutting support of the support rods, and realize linkage response through air pressure changes, ensuring the overall stiffness and anti-deformation performance of the template and reducing the risk of concrete leakage.

[0012] 2. The hoisting mechanism drives the shovel block to wedge into the bottom end of the template through the lead screw motor to realize automatic clamping. The pressure block and the preloading spring of the first bearing frame eliminate the gap, and the corrugated anti-slip rubber strip enhances the friction. The traction rope that can be automatically tightened ensures stable hoisting, avoids the common problems of shaking or displacement during construction, and improves the efficiency of high-altitude operations. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the template assembly of the present invention; Figure 2Front view structural schematic diagram of the template component of the present invention; Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the connecting seat of the present invention; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the telescopic self-locking member of the present invention; Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the assembly component of the present invention; Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 Front view of the hoisting mechanism of the present invention.

[0014] In the figure, flexible plate - 1, support plate - 2, positioning plate - 3, reinforcing back rib - 4, connecting block - 5, support - 6, telescopic self-locking member - 7, connecting seat - 8, movable member - 9, sealing cavity - 10, connecting rod - 11, support rod - 12, seal - 13, first spring - 14, conduit - 15, air port - 16, hose - 17, sleeve - 18, support frame - 19, ratchet rack - 20, ratchet pawl - 21, fastening seat - 22, adjusting seat - 23, pull rod - 24, fixed rod - 25, limit block - 26, fastening spring - 27, key block - 28, key hole - 29, limit port - 31, elastic sealing strip - 32, hoisting port - 33, hoisting rod - 34, main frame - 35, movable frame - 36, first bearing frame - 37, second bearing frame - 38, movable groove - 39, lead screw - 40, motor - 41, shovel block - 42, guide wheel - 43, first telescopic cylinder - 44, second telescopic cylinder - 45, towing rope - 46, hook - 47, bearing seat - 48, pressure rod - 49, pressure block - 50, assembly component - 51. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, an adjustable back rib arc template structure includes a template component and a hoisting mechanism. The hoisting mechanism is connected to a winch on the operating beam of a tower crane. The template component includes a plurality of flexible plates 1 and a plurality of support plates 2. Positioning plates 3 are fixed at both ends of the support plates 2. Assembly components 51 are arranged on the positioning plates 3. Flexible plates 1 are connected between adjacent two support plates 2 through the assembly components 51. The flexible plates 1 are elastic, and their front end faces and the front end faces of the support plates 2 together form a continuous smooth working surface; The rear end face of the support plate 2 is connected with a reinforcing back rib 4. In the middle of the rear end face of the flexible plate 1, there are a plurality of connecting blocks 5. A number of adjustable back rib assemblies are installed on the reinforcing back rib 4. Each adjustable back rib assembly includes a support 6 and two sets of telescopic self-locking members 7. The support 6 is fixedly installed on the reinforcing back rib 4. One ends of the two sets of telescopic self-locking members 7 are respectively hinged to the left and right ends of the support 6, and the other ends are connected to the corresponding connecting blocks 5 on one side through a detachable hinge structure. When the flexible plate 1 bends and deforms, the distance between the connecting block 5 and the support 6 changes accordingly, and the telescopic self-locking member 7 can adaptively extend and automatically lock. A connecting seat 8 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the reinforcing back rib 4. Both ends of the connecting seat 8 symmetrically extend to the rear space of the flexible plates 1 on the left and right sides, and movable members 9 are arranged on both sides thereof. When the flexible plate 1 bends and deforms, the movable member 9 always maintains close contact with the back surface of the flexible plate 1 through active displacement to achieve continuous abutting support.

[0017] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Before concrete pouring, construction workers adjust the formwork according to the designed curvature. First, according to the range of the place to be poured, the length of the formwork is adjusted, and the corresponding number of flexible plates 1 and support plates 2 are spliced into one body. For example, support plates 2 and flexible plates 1 are added to expand the coverage range of the formwork; the overall initial state of the spliced formwork is flat, and then the formwork is bent according to the designed curvature. Since the flexible plate 1 is made of an elastic material, this high recoverability ensures that no permanent deformation occurs after deformation and it can be reused. When the formwork gradually bends, the curvature continuously increases, which in turn causes the distance between the connecting block 5 and the support 6 to shorten. The telescopic self-locking member 7 performs one-way self-locking in real time according to the change in distance to prevent rebound, and ensures the stiffness of the formwork after deformation, avoiding the flexible plate 1 from deforming due to pressure during concrete pouring.

[0018] In this embodiment, a number of sealing cavities 10 are equally spaced and opened on both sides of the front end of the connecting seat 8. The movable member 9 includes a connecting rod 11, a support rod 12, and a sealing member 13. The connecting rod 11 is slidably arranged on the sealing cavity 10. The front end of the connecting rod 11 penetrates through the connecting seat 8 and extends to the outside, and a support rod 12 is arranged at its end. The sealing member 13 is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod 11. A first spring 14 is connected between the sealing member 13 and the inner wall of the sealing cavity 10. The rear ends of the respective sealing cavities 10 are communicated through a conduit 15. Air ports 16 are arranged at both ends of the connecting seat 8, and the air ports 16 on both sides are respectively connected to both ends of the conduit 15. The air ports 16 on the corresponding sides of the two adjacent connecting seats 8 are connected through a detachable hose 17. After the assembly of the template is completed, the air ports 16 on the corresponding sides of the adjacent connecting seats 8 are connected by hoses 17, so that the sealed cavities 10 in all the connecting seats 8 form a closed-loop pneumatic network. When the flexible plate 1 bends and deforms towards the working surface, the strut 12 is driven by the pre-tightening force of the internal first spring 14 to be in real-time contact with the back of the flexible plate 1, ensuring that no matter how the flexible plate 1 bends, the basic support does not become void. After bending and shaping, the high-pressure gas introduced from the outside of the air port 16 at the outermost side synchronously pushes all the movable parts 9 through the connected air path network, so that the strut 12 further presses tightly and locks its position, forming a uniformly strengthened dynamic support system, and then the input air port 16 is blocked and closed; during the pouring of concrete, the lateral pressure is evenly dispersed by the strut 12 to prevent local deformation of the flexible plate 1. If the flexible plate 1 undergoes micro-deformation (such as local protrusion) due to the flow of concrete, at this time, the strut 12 is compressed and retracted, the volume of the sealed cavity 10 decreases, resulting in an instantaneous increase in the air pressure in the cavity, and the reaction force automatically increases to inhibit the expansion of the deformation. At the same time, the air pressure change is transmitted to the adjacent chambers through the catheter 15 network, triggering the linkage pressurization of the surrounding struts 12 to form a collaborative correction.

[0019] In this embodiment, the telescopic self-locking member 7 includes a sleeve 18, a support frame 19, a ratchet rack 20 and a ratchet pawl 21. The support frame 19 is slidably assembled in the sleeve 18. The other end of the support frame 19 extends out of the sleeve 18, and a fastening seat 22 is hinged at its end. A fastening hole is provided on the fastening seat 22, and a corresponding threaded hole is provided on the connecting block 5. The fastening hole and the threaded hole are connected by a bolt. A groove for embedding the ratchet rack 20 is provided in the section of the support frame 19 located inside the sleeve 18. An adjusting seat 23 is slidably assembled inside the sleeve 18. The ratchet pawl 21 is hinged on the adjusting seat 23, and a return spring is connected between the ratchet pawl 21 and the adjusting seat 23; a pull rod 24 is movably arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve. The bottom end of the pull rod 24 penetrates and extends to be connected with the adjusting seat 23. Pulling up the pull rod 24 can drive the horizontal displacement of the adjusting seat 23, forcing the ratchet pawl 21 to disengage from the ratchet rack 20 to achieve unlocking; When the flexible plate 1 bends towards the working surface to form a convex arc, the connecting block 5 moves relative to the support 6, and the gap between the connecting block 5 and the support 6 becomes smaller, thereby pushing the support frame 19 to slide into the sleeve frame 18. The ratchet rack 20 on the support frame 19 meshes with the ratchet pawl 21 in the sleeve frame 18. After the support frame 19 moves, the ratchet rack 20 pushes the ratchet pawl 21, but the return spring makes the ratchet pawl 21 automatically snap into the tooth groove to achieve "one-way self-locking", preventing the support frame 19 from extending in the original direction. If the flexible plate 1 attempts to rebound and reset due to the concrete pouring pressure or material elasticity, the inclined surface structure of the ratchet pawl 21 will block the reverse movement of the ratchet rack 20, thereby preventing the support frame 19 from extending and forming a rigid stop to ensure that the flexible plate 1 will not recover. When the flexible plate 1 needs to be restored, only need to pull the pull rod 24 on the outer wall of the sleeve frame 18 to drive the adjusting seat 23 to move, forcing the ratchet pawl 21 to disengage from the ratchet rack 20. At this time, the support frame 19 can move freely. After restoring the flexible plate 1, then push the pull rod 24 to reset the adjusting seat 23 so that the ratchet pawl 21 meshes again; Multiple groups of support frames 19 are evenly distributed along the reinforcement back rib 4 to form a continuous support grid. When a single point is stressed, the adjacent support frames 19 disperse the load through the reinforcement back rib 4 to avoid local instability. For example, when the concrete is poured to the middle of the flexible plate 1, the support frame 19 at this place bears the maximum pressure. At this time, part of the load is transmitted to the support frames 19 on both sides through the back rib to inhibit the overall rebound trend.

[0020] In this embodiment, the assembly component 51 includes a plurality of fixing rods 25. A plurality of through holes are formed on the positioning plate 3. The fixing rods 25 are slidably arranged in each through hole. A limiting block 26 is arranged at the rear end of the fixing rod 25. A fastening spring 27 is connected between the limiting block 26 and the rear end face of the positioning plate 3. A key block 28 is arranged at the front end of the fixing rod 25. A key hole 29 matching the key block 28 is formed on the positioning plate 3. A limiting port 31 is designed at the bottom of the key hole 29. Elastic sealing strips 32 are arranged at both the left and right ends of the support plate 2. After the flexible plate 1 is bent and deformed, the elastic sealing strips 32 can always fill the gap between the support plate 2 and the flexible plate 1, thereby ensuring that the concrete will not seep in; When assembling the flexible plate 1 and the support plate 2, first connect the flexible plate 1 and the support plate 2 and insert the key block 28 into the key hole 29. Then the staff presses the fixing rod 25 inward to push the key block 28 into the limiting port 31. Finally, rotate the fixing rod 25 so that the key block 28 rotates 90°, thereby snapping into both ends of the limiting port 31. At this time, the key block 28 and the key hole 29 are staggered to form a mechanical interlock. Since the fixing rod 25 is pressed inward during installation, the fastening spring 27 is compressed. Therefore, during work, the restoring force of the fastening spring 27 will continuously apply an axial pre-tightening force to ensure that the key block 28 always abuts against the limiting port 31 to prevent loosening. When unlocking is required, only need to rotate the key block 28 90° in the reverse direction, and the spring rebounds to push the fixing rod 25 out of the limiting port 31.

[0021] In this embodiment, the flexible plate 1 includes a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a base layer. The surface layer is made of a 1.5-mm wear-resistant stainless steel plate, the intermediate layer is made of 3-mm high-elastic natural rubber, and the base layer is made of a 2-mm glass fiber-reinforced nylon plate. Moreover, an Ω-shaped spring steel strip is embedded in the side of the flexible plate 1. The stainless steel of the surface layer resists wear, the high-elastic natural rubber of the intermediate layer provides deformation, and the glass fiber-reinforced nylon plate of the base layer increases strength, ensuring that the working surface is both smooth and durable. When deformed, the rubber layer absorbs stress to avoid cracking. And when the flexible plate 1 bends, the Ω-shaped spring steel strip on its side enhances the edge rigidity to prevent twisting.

[0022] In this embodiment, lifting ports 33 are opened on both the upper and lower sides of the rear end surface of the support plate 2, and a lifting rod 34 is fixed in the lifting port 33. The lifting mechanism includes a main frame 35, a movable frame 36, a first carrier frame 37, and a second carrier frame 38. Movable grooves 39 are opened on the inner sides of the left and right ends of the main frame 35. A lead screw 40 and a sliding rod are respectively arranged in the two movable grooves 39. One end of the movable frame 36 is slidably connected to the sliding rod, and the other end is threadedly connected to the lead screw 40. The lead screw 40 is driven to rotate by a motor 41. The middle parts of the movable frame 36 and the main frame 35 are respectively connected to the first carrier frame 37 and the second carrier frame 38. Shovel blocks 42 are symmetrically arranged at the bottoms of the first carrier frame 37 and the second carrier frame 38. Guide wheels 43 are arranged on the upper and lower parts of the left and right sides of the rear end surface of the second carrier frame 38. A first telescopic cylinder 44 and a second telescopic cylinder 45 are respectively arranged on the main frame 35 and the second carrier frame 38. The ends of the piston rods of the first telescopic cylinder 44 and the second telescopic cylinder 45 are respectively provided with a traction rope 46. Hooks 47 are arranged at both ends of the traction rope 46. A plurality of lifting lugs are distributed at the top of the main frame 35. When hoisting, first stand up the formwork, and then the first carrier frame 37 and the second carrier frame 38 respectively descend and move to the front and rear sides of the formwork. The starting rod motor 41 drives the lead screw 40 to rotate in the movable groove 39, and then drives the movable frame 36 to move horizontally along the sliding rod. The bottom shovel blocks 42 (wedge-shaped structures) are inserted into the bottom end of the formwork, so as to guide and lift the formwork. Then, as the movable frame 36 continues to move, finally the formwork is clamped by the first carrier frame 37 and the second carrier frame 38. Then the staff respectively bypass the upper and lower traction ropes 46 around the corresponding guide wheels 43, buckle the hooks 47 on the lifting rods 34, and then start the first telescopic cylinder 44 and the second telescopic cylinder 45 to make the piston rods of the two extend downward, so as to push the middle part of the traction rope 46 to move downward, making the traction rope 46 tightened, so as to ensure that the traction rope 46 is always in a straight state during hoisting to prevent the formwork from shaking.

[0023] In this embodiment, a bearing seat 48 is provided in the middle of the first bearing frame 37. A plurality of adjustment holes are provided at equal intervals on the rear end surface of the bearing seat 48. A pressure rod 49 is slidably mounted in the adjustment hole. The rear end of the pressure rod 49 extends out of the bearing seat 48 and is fixedly connected to a pressure block 50. A pre-compression spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pressure rod 49. The two ends of the pre-compression spring are respectively connected to the front side surface of the pressure block 50 and the rear end surface of the bearing seat 48. A corrugated anti-slip rubber strip is embedded in the rear end surface of the pressure block 50. The surface of the anti-slip rubber strip is provided with staggered raised patterns. When the first carrier 37 moves inward, it pushes the pressure block 50 close to the working surface of the template and compresses the pre-load spring, eliminating the installation gap between the curved working surface of the template and the first carrier 37. During lifting, the reset elastic force of the pre-load spring ensures that the pressure block 50 always abuts the template to prevent displacement caused by the initial shaking during lifting. The corrugated anti-slip rubber strip at the rear end of the pressure block 50 is embedded in the template surface under the elastic force, increasing the static friction coefficient, thereby further preventing the template from shaking.

[0024] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable arc formwork structure for back ribs, comprising a formwork assembly and a hoisting mechanism, wherein the hoisting mechanism is connected to a winch on the operating beam of a tower crane, and is characterized in that: The template component includes a plurality of flexible plates and a plurality of support plates. Positioning plates are fixed at both ends of the support plates. Assembly components are arranged on the positioning plates. Flexible plates are connected between adjacent support plates through the assembly components. The flexible plates are elastic, and their front end faces and the front end faces of the support plates together form a continuous smooth working surface; A reinforcing back rib is connected to the rear end face of the support plate, and a plurality of connecting blocks are arranged in the middle of the rear end face of the flexible plate. A number of adjustable back rib components are installed on the reinforcing back rib. Each adjustable back rib component includes a support and two sets of telescopic self-locking components. The support is fixedly installed on the reinforcing back rib. One ends of the two sets of telescopic self-locking components are respectively hinged to the left and right ends of the support, and the other ends are connected to the connecting blocks on the corresponding side through detachable hinge structures. When the flexible plate bends and deforms, the distance between the connecting block and the support changes, and the telescopic self-locking components can adaptively extend and automatically lock; A connecting seat is horizontally arranged in the middle of the reinforcing back rib. Both ends of the connecting seat symmetrically extend to the rear spaces of the flexible plates on the left and right sides, and movable components are arranged on both sides thereof. When the flexible plate bends and deforms, the movable components always maintain close contact with the back of the flexible plate through active displacement to achieve continuous abutting support.

2. The adjustable back rib arc formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of sealing cavities are equally spaced and opened on both sides of the front end of the connecting seat. The movable component includes a connecting rod, a support rod and a sealing member. The connecting rod is slidably arranged on the sealing cavity. The front end of the connecting rod penetrates through the connecting seat and extends to the outside, and the support rod is arranged at the end thereof. The sealing member is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod. A first spring is connected between the sealing member and the inner wall of the sealing cavity. The rear ends of the sealing cavities are communicated through a conduit. Air ports are arranged at both ends of the connecting seat, and the air ports on both sides are respectively connected to both ends of the conduit. The air ports on the corresponding sides of the adjacent connecting seats on both sides are connected through a detachable hose.

3. An adjustable back rib arc template structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic self-locking component includes a sleeve, a support frame, a ratchet rack and a ratchet pawl. The support frame is slidably assembled in the sleeve. The other end of the support frame extends out of the sleeve, and a fastening seat is hinged at the end thereof. A fastening hole is opened on the fastening seat, and a corresponding threaded hole is opened on the connecting block. The fastening hole and the threaded hole are connected by a bolt. A groove for installing the ratchet rack is opened in the section of the support frame located in the sleeve. An adjusting seat is slidably assembled inside the sleeve. The ratchet pawl is hinged to the adjusting seat, and a return spring is connected between the ratchet pawl and the adjusting seat; A pull rod is movably arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve. The bottom end of the pull rod penetrates and extends to be connected to the adjusting seat. Pulling up the pull rod can drive the horizontal displacement of the adjusting seat, forcing the ratchet pawl to disengage from the ratchet rack to achieve unlocking.

4. An adjustable back rib arc formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly component includes a number of fixing rods. A number of through holes are opened on the positioning plate. The fixing rods are slidably arranged in each through hole. A limiting block is arranged at the rear end of the fixing rod. A fastening spring is connected between the limiting block and the rear end face of the positioning plate. A key block is arranged at the front end of the fixing rod. A key hole matching the key block is opened on the positioning plate, and a limiting port is designed at the bottom of the key hole. Elastic sealing strips are arranged at both the left and right ends of the support plate.

5. The adjustable back rib arc formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible plate includes a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a base layer. The surface layer is made of a 1.5-mm wear-resistant stainless steel plate, the intermediate layer is made of a 3-mm high-elasticity natural rubber, the base layer is made of a 2-mm glass fiber-reinforced nylon plate, and an Ω-shaped spring steel strip is embedded in the side of the flexible plate.

6. An adjustable back rib arc formwork structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lifting openings are formed in the upper and lower sides of the rear end face of the support plate, and lifting rods are fixed in the lifting openings; the lifting mechanism includes a main frame, a movable frame, a first carrier frame, and a second carrier frame. Movable grooves are formed in the inner sides of the left and right ends of the main frame, a lead screw and a slide bar are respectively arranged in the two movable grooves, one end of the movable frame is slidably connected to the slide bar, and the other end is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The lead screw is driven by a motor to rotate. A first carrier frame and a second carrier frame are respectively connected to the middle parts of the movable frame and the main frame. Shovel blocks are symmetrically arranged at the bottoms of the first carrier frame and the second carrier frame respectively. Guide wheels are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the left and right sides of the rear end face of the second carrier frame. A first telescopic cylinder and a second telescopic cylinder are respectively arranged on the main frame and the second carrier frame. The ends of the piston rods of the first telescopic cylinder and the second telescopic cylinder are respectively provided with traction ropes, hooks are arranged at both ends of the traction ropes, and a plurality of lifting lugs are distributed at the top end of the main frame.

7. An adjustable back rib arc formwork structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A carrier seat is arranged in the middle of the first carrier frame. A plurality of adjusting holes are equally spaced and formed in the rear end face of the carrier seat. Pressure rods are slidably assembled in the adjusting holes. The rear ends of the pressure rods extend out of the carrier seat and are fixedly connected with pressure blocks. A preloading spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of each pressure rod. The two ends of the preloading spring are respectively connected to the front side face of the pressure block and the rear end face of the carrier seat. A corrugated anti-slip rubber strip is embedded in the rear end face of the pressure block, and staggered convex patterns are arranged on the surface of the anti-slip rubber strip.

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