Automatic adjusting system for underground mine local fan air duct

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic adjusting system for an underground mine local fan air duct. Comprising an electric trolley, a guide rail, a sliding block, a limiting switch, an air duct, a bracket, an air duct lengthening end, a roadway top, a roadway bottom, a working face, a PLC, a gas sensor, a position sensor, a distance sensor, a pressure sensor, an infrared thermal imaging sensor, an inertia measurement unit and a human-computer interaction interface. Through cooperative work of the PLC, the artificial intelligence technology and the multi-sensor technology, the intelligent and automatic level of air duct control is improved, the air duct position and the ventilation effect can be rapidly and accurately controlled before and after blasting, and the safety of operators is ensured. The safety and the intelligent level of an underground mine ventilation system are improved, and the requirements of modern mine operation for high efficiency, accuracy and reliability of the ventilation system are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine ventilation equipment, and particularly relates to an automatic adjustment system for a local fan air duct in an underground mine. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of the development and preparatory engineering in an underground mine, the ventilation of the single-heading roadway working face is an important link to ensure the safety of workers and safe blasting. This method is described by single forced ventilation.

[0003] According to relevant regulations, the distance between the outlet of the forced ventilation air duct and the working face cannot be greater than 10 m. However, when blasting at the working face within such a short distance, the damage to the air duct caused by blasting flying stones and shock waves impacting the local fan is very serious, and the air duct often needs to be replaced, greatly increasing the enterprise cost. In the prior art, the adjustment of the air duct depends on manual operation, with low automation; it is impossible to automatically adjust the air pressure and position of the air duct according to environmental factors such as blasting signals, gas concentration, and temperature. Therefore, an intelligent system that can automatically adjust the air duct when the mine environment changes is needed to ensure the safety of workers and improve the ventilation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background art and provide an automatic adjustment system for a local fan air duct in an underground mine.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic adjustment system for a local fan air duct in an underground mine, including an electric trolley, a guide rail, a slider, a limit switch, an air duct, a bracket, an air duct extension end, the top of the roadway, the bottom of the roadway, a working face, a PLC controller, a gas sensor, a position sensor, a distance sensor, a pressure sensor, an infrared thermal imaging sensor, an inertial measurement unit, and a human-machine interface; The guide rail is fixed to the top of the roadway, and the limit switches are installed at both ends of the guide rail to prevent the electric trolley from exceeding the safe range of the track; when the electric trolley reaches the limit, the limit switch is triggered and the electric trolley stops running to prevent excessive telescoping and equipment damage; the electric trolley and the slider are embedded inside the guide rail; the top section of the air duct is fixed under the electric trolley through a bracket, and the rest is connected to the slider through a bracket; The PLC controller is connected to the electric trolley, the gas sensor, the position sensor, the distance sensor, the pressure sensor, the infrared thermal imaging sensor, and the human-machine interface, and is used to receive sensor signals and control the forward and reverse rotation of the electric trolley; The gas sensor and the infrared thermal imaging sensor are installed on the roadway wall and are used to detect the concentration of harmful gases (oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide) and temperature in the roadway; The position sensor, inertial measurement unit and distance sensor are installed on the electric trolley to detect the real-time position of the wind tube and the distance from the working surface; the pressure sensor monitors the wind pressure in the wind tube in real time; The human-machine interaction interface is connected to the PLC controller and is used to operate the system and display the data detected by each sensor and the working status of the wind tube in real time; the human-machine interaction interface and the PLC controller are installed in the control room.

[0006] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the fan duct of an underground mine, the system establishes communication with the blasting system when in use. Before blasting, the PLC controller stops ventilation after receiving the detonation signal, and then controls the electric trolley to quickly retract the fan duct to a safe position to avoid damage to the fan duct caused by the blasting impact; after the blasting is completed, the PLC controller receives the blasting end signal, controls the electric trolley to extend the fan duct to the optimal position and perform ventilation operations.

[0007] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the fan duct of an underground mine, the position sensor and distance sensor monitor the position of the duct and the distance from the working face in real time; the gas sensor detects the concentration of harmful gases in the tunnel in real time; the pressure sensor is installed inside the duct to detect the wind pressure in the duct; an infrared thermal imaging sensor is used to monitor the temperature inside the tunnel and fuse it with the gas sensor data to provide comprehensive environmental monitoring.

[0008] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the fan duct of an underground mine bureau, the system uses deep learning and reinforcement learning models to continuously optimize the fan duct control strategy. The deep learning algorithm learns from historical data and optimizes the expansion and contraction and ventilation strategies of the fan duct, and can automatically adjust the wind pressure and position of the fan duct to cope with complex situations such as air flow changes or gas concentration fluctuations in the tunnel; the reinforcement learning model interacts with the tunnel environment and adjusts the operating parameters of the fan duct according to real-time feedback such as gas concentration and wind pressure, optimizes energy utilization, avoids energy waste caused by excessive ventilation, and ensures that the gas concentration is always within a safe range.

[0009] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the fan tube of an underground mine, the inertial measurement unit is installed on the electric trolley to monitor the movement status of the trolley in real time. When the position sensor fails, the inertial measurement unit can automatically judge and trigger an emergency stop based on the movement data of the trolley to avoid position control failure.

[0010] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the fan tube of an underground mine, the system is designed with a backup control system, including an independent hard-wired emergency stop circuit. When the main control system fails, the system operation is immediately stopped through the independent circuit to ensure the safety of the system.

[0011] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the local fan air duct in an underground mine, the human-machine interaction interface provides real-time data feedback and an operation control interface for operators, enabling real-time monitoring of information such as the operating status of the air duct, gas concentration, and air pressure; operators can also manually start and stop the air duct, adjust the air pressure, or stop the system operation in case of an emergency. The human-machine interaction interface also provides an alarm function. When the gas concentration exceeds the safety threshold or the system malfunctions, the system will automatically issue an alarm.

[0012] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the local fan air duct in an underground mine, when the distance between the working face and the air duct becomes farther, the system device can be moved forward as a whole, and only the extended end of the air duct needs to be extended.

[0013] In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment system for the local fan air duct in an underground mine, the electric trolley, slider, and guide rail are designed with dust-proof and sealing to prevent mine dust from entering key components.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: Through the collaborative work of the PLC controller, artificial intelligence technology, and multi-sensor technology, the present invention improves the intelligent and automated level of air duct control, can quickly and accurately control the position of the air duct and the ventilation effect before and after blasting, ensuring the safety of operators. It improves the safety and intelligent level of the underground mine ventilation system, meeting the requirements of high efficiency, precision, and reliability of the ventilation system for modern mine operations.

[0015] The system of the present invention dynamically adjusts the position and air pressure of the air duct by real-time monitoring of the gas concentration and temperature in the mine roadway, combined with deep learning and reinforcement learning algorithms, to ensure the maximization of ventilation efficiency. Before blasting, the system automatically retracts the air duct to avoid impact damage; after blasting, it quickly extends to the optimal position to resume ventilation. The backup control system and inertial measurement unit provide redundant protection to ensure that the entire system remains safe when the main control system fails. Operators can monitor the system data in real time through the human-machine interaction interface and can manually set system parameters. It solves the problems of traditional air ducts relying on manual adjustment and being easily damaged by blasting, significantly improving the intelligent, automated level, and safety of the underground mine ventilation system, and having a wide range of application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a flow chart of the system of the present invention; Figure 3 is the human-machine interaction interface of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Electric trolley, 2. Guide rail, 3. Slide block, 4. Limit switch, 5. Air duct, 6. Bracket, 7. Extended end of air duct, 8. Top of roadway, 9. Bottom of roadway, 10. Working face, 11. PLC controller, 12. Gas sensor, 13. Position sensor, 14. Distance sensor, 15. Pressure sensor, 16. Infrared thermal imaging sensor, 17. Inertial measurement unit, 18. Human-machine interface. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there can also be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the description of the present invention are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manner.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature can be that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or the first feature and the second feature are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "beneath" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in the specification of the present invention includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the present invention provides an automatic adjustment system for a local fan air duct in an underground mine, including an electric trolley 1, a guide rail 2, a slider 3, a limit switch 4, an air duct 5, a bracket 6, an air duct extension end 7, the top of the roadway 8, the bottom of the roadway 9, a working face 10, a PLC controller 11, a gas sensor 12, a position sensor 13, a distance sensor 14, a pressure sensor 15, an infrared thermal imaging sensor 16, an inertial measurement unit 17, and a human-machine interface 18; The guide rail 2 is fixed to the top of the roadway 8 by high-strength bolts, and limit switches 4 are installed at both ends of the guide rail 2 to prevent the trolley from exceeding the safe operating range, thereby causing excessive stretching and equipment damage. The electric trolley 1 and the slider 3 are embedded inside the guide rail 2 using dust-proof and sealed bearings to ensure stable sliding in a dust environment in the mine. When the electric trolley 1 reaches the limit, the limit switch 4 is triggered, and the electric trolley 1 stops running to prevent excessive telescoping and equipment damage; the electric trolley 1 and the slider 3 are embedded inside the guide rail 2; the top section of the air duct 5 is fixed below the electric trolley 1 through the bracket 6, and the rest is connected to the slider 3 through the bracket 6.

[0024] The PLC controller 11 is connected to the electric trolley 1, the gas sensor 12, the position sensor 13, the distance sensor 14, the pressure sensor 15, the infrared thermal imaging sensor 16, and the human-machine interface 18, and is used to receive sensor signals and control the forward and reverse rotation of the electric trolley 1.

[0025] The gas sensor 12 and the infrared thermal imaging sensor 16 are installed on the roadway wall and are used to detect the concentration of harmful gases (oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide) and temperature in the roadway; The position sensor 13, the inertial measurement unit 17, and the distance sensor 14 are installed on the electric trolley 1 and are used to detect the real-time position of the air duct 5 and the distance from the working face; the pressure sensor 15 monitors the air pressure inside the air duct 5 in real time; The human-machine interface 18 is connected to the PLC controller 11 and is used to operate the system and display the data detected by each sensor and the working state of the air duct in real time; the human-machine interface 18 and the PLC controller 11 are installed in the control room. The PLC controller 11 is installed inside the control room and is not marked in the figure.

[0026] Furthermore, the system establishes communication with the blasting system when in use. Before blasting, after the PLC controller 11 receives the detonation signal, it first stops ventilation and then controls the electric trolley 1 to quickly retract the wind tube 5 to a safe position to avoid damage to the wind tube 5 caused by the blasting impact; after the blasting is completed, the PLC controller 11 receives the blasting end signal, controls the electric trolley 1 to extend the wind tube 5 to the optimal position and perform ventilation operations.

[0027] Specifically, the position sensor 13 and the distance sensor 14 monitor the position of the wind duct 5 and the distance from the working surface 10 in real time; the gas sensor 12 detects the concentration of harmful gases in the tunnel in real time; the pressure sensor 15 is installed inside the wind duct 5 to detect the wind pressure inside the wind duct 5; the infrared thermal imaging sensor 16 is used to monitor the temperature inside the tunnel and fuse the data with the gas sensor 12 to provide comprehensive environmental monitoring.

[0028] Furthermore, the system uses deep learning and reinforcement learning models to continuously optimize the wind duct control strategy. The deep learning algorithm learns from historical data and optimizes the expansion and contraction and ventilation strategy of the wind duct 5, and can automatically adjust the wind pressure and position of the wind duct to cope with complex situations such as air flow changes or gas concentration fluctuations in the tunnel; the reinforcement learning model interacts with the tunnel environment and adjusts the operating parameters of the wind duct according to real-time feedback such as gas concentration and wind pressure, optimizes energy utilization, avoids energy waste caused by excessive ventilation, and ensures that the gas concentration is always within a safe range.

[0029] Furthermore, to enhance system safety, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) 17 is installed on the electric vehicle 1 to monitor its motion in real time. In the event of a malfunction of the position sensor 13, the IMU 17 automatically detects and triggers an emergency stop based on the vehicle's motion data, preventing position control failure. This system incorporates a backup control system, including an independent, hard-wired emergency stop circuit. This independent circuit immediately halts system operation in the event of a failure in the primary control system, ensuring system safety.

[0030] Furthermore, the human-machine interaction interface provides 18 operators with real-time data feedback and operation control interface, which can monitor the operating status, gas concentration, wind pressure and other information of the wind duct 5 in real time; the operators can also manually start and stop the wind duct 5, adjust the wind pressure or stop the system operation in an emergency. The human-machine interaction interface 18 also provides an alarm function. When the gas concentration exceeds the safety threshold or the system fails, the system will automatically issue an alarm.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the use, when the distance between the working surface 10 and the wind tube 5 becomes farther, the system device can be moved forward as a whole, and only the extended end 7 of the wind tube needs to be lengthened.

[0032] Through artificial intelligence technology, multi-sensor fusion technology and PLC controller, the present invention realizes the automatic and precise adjustment of the air ducts in underground mines, significantly improving the ventilation efficiency and safety, and meeting the high-standard operation requirements of modern mines.

[0033] The above has introduced in detail an automatic adjustment system for the local fan air ducts in underground mines provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution disclosed by the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic adjustment system for the bureau fan air duct in an underground mine, characterized in that: It includes an electric trolley (1), a guide rail (2), a slider (3), a limit switch (4), a blower (5), a bracket (6), an extended end of the blower (7), a tunnel top (8), a tunnel bottom (9), a working surface (10), a PLC controller (11), a gas sensor (12), a position sensor (13), a distance sensor (14), a pressure sensor (15), an infrared thermal imaging sensor (16), an inertial measurement unit (17) and a human-computer interaction interface (18); The guide rail (2) is fixed to the top (8) of the lane, and limit switches (4) are installed at both ends of the guide rail (2) to prevent the electric trolley (1) from exceeding the safety range of the track; when the electric trolley (1) reaches the limit, the limit switch (4) is triggered, and the electric trolley (1) stops running, preventing excessive expansion and contraction and equipment damage; the electric trolley (1) and the slider (3) are embedded in the guide rail (2); the top section of the wind tube (5) is fixed to the bottom of the electric trolley (1) through the bracket (6), and the remaining part is connected to the slider (3) through the bracket (6); The PLC controller (11) is connected to the electric trolley (1), the gas sensor (12), the position sensor (13), the distance sensor (14), the pressure sensor (15), the infrared thermal imaging sensor (16), and the human-machine interface (18), and is used to receive sensor signals and control the forward and reverse rotation of the electric trolley (1); The gas sensor (12) and the infrared thermal imaging sensor (16) are installed on the tunnel wall and are used to detect the concentration and temperature of harmful gases in the tunnel; The position sensor (13), inertial measurement unit (17) and distance sensor (14) are installed on the electric trolley (1) and are used to detect the real-time position of the wind tube (5) and the distance from the working surface; the pressure sensor (15) monitors the wind pressure in the wind tube (5) in real time; The human-machine interaction interface (18) is connected to the PLC controller (11) and is used to operate the system and display the data detected by each sensor and the working status of the wind tube in real time; the human-machine interaction interface (18) and the PLC controller (11) are installed in the control room.

2. The automatic adjustment system for the bureau fan air duct in an underground mine according to claim 1, wherein: The system establishes communication with the blasting system when in use. Before blasting, after receiving the detonation signal, the PLC controller (11) first stops ventilation, and then controls the electric trolley (1) to quickly retract the wind tube (5) to a safe position to avoid damage to the wind tube (5) caused by the blasting impact. After the blasting is completed, the PLC controller (11) receives the blasting end signal, controls the electric trolley (1) to extend the wind tube (5) to the optimal position and perform ventilation operations.

3. The automatic adjustment system for underground mine fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position sensor (13) and the distance sensor (14) monitor the position of the wind tube (5) and the distance from the working surface (10) in real time; the gas sensor (12) detects the concentration of harmful gases in the tunnel in real time; the pressure sensor (15) is installed inside the wind tube (5) and is used to detect the wind pressure in the wind tube (5); an infrared thermal imaging sensor (16) is used to monitor the temperature inside the tunnel and fuse the data with the gas sensor (12) to provide comprehensive environmental monitoring.

4. An automatic adjustment system for a local fan air duct in an underground mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The present system uses deep learning and reinforcement learning models to continuously optimize the air duct control strategy. The deep learning algorithm learns from historical data and optimizes the telescoping and ventilation strategies of the air duct (5), and can automatically adjust the air pressure and position of the air duct to cope with complex situations such as air flow changes or gas concentration fluctuations in the roadway; The reinforcement learning model adjusts the operation parameters of the air duct according to real-time feedback such as gas concentration and air pressure through interaction with the roadway environment, optimizes energy utilization, avoids energy waste caused by excessive ventilation, and ensures that the gas concentration is always within the safe range.

5. The automatic adjustment system for underground mine fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inertial measurement unit (17) is installed on the electric trolley (1) to monitor the motion state of the trolley (1) in real time. When the position sensor (13) fails, the inertial measurement unit (17) can automatically judge and trigger an emergency stop through the motion data of the trolley to avoid position control failure.

6. The automatic adjustment system of the local fan air duct in an underground mine according to claim 1, wherein: The present system is designed with a backup control system, including an independent hard-wired emergency stop circuit. When the main control system fails, the system operation is immediately stopped through the independent circuit to ensure the safety of the system.

7. The automatic adjustment system for underground mine fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The man-machine interface provides real-time data feedback and an operation control interface for the operator (18), and can monitor the operation status of the air duct (5), gas concentration, air pressure and other information in real time; the operator can also manually start and stop the air duct (5), adjust the air pressure or stop the system operation in an emergency. The man-machine interface (18) also provides an alarm function. When the gas concentration exceeds the safety threshold or the system fails, the system will automatically issue an alarm.

8. An automatic adjustment system for a local fan air duct in an underground mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the distance between the working face (10) and the air duct (5) becomes farther away, the present system device can be moved forward as a whole, and only the extended end (7) of the air duct needs to be extended.

9. The automatic adjustment system of the local fan air duct in an underground mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric trolley (1), the slider (3) and the guide rail (2) adopt a dust-proof and sealed design to prevent mine dust from entering key components.

Images