Method for calculating carbon emission in decoration construction stage of equipment area of subway station

Abstract

The invention relates to a metro station equipment area decoration construction stage carbon emission calculation method, which comprises the following steps: S1, only performing carbon emission calculation on metro station equipment area decoration, dividing the equipment area decoration into three subsystems, namely a ceiling system, a wall surface system and a ground system, and each subsystem comprises a plurality of unit components; s2, establishing a comprehensive carbon emission factor of the equipment area decoration unit component based on the bill of quantity; s3, according to the engineering quantity of each unit component in the engineering quantity list and the corresponding comprehensive carbon emission factor, calculating the construction stage carbon emission of each unit component; and S4, accumulating the construction stage carbon emission of all unit components of the equipment area decoration to obtain the total carbon emission of the station equipment area decoration construction stage. According to the method, the carbon emission calculation difficulty is reduced by defining the calculation boundary of the carbon emission in the construction stage and creating the comprehensive carbon emission factors of equipment area decoration including production, transportation, construction and installation based on the bill of quantity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field related to carbon emission calculation, and specifically relates to a method for calculating carbon emissions during the decoration and construction phase of a subway station equipment area. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the growth of transportation demand, urban rail transit systems have been widely used as an efficient and environmentally friendly mode of transportation. Driven by the national goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality", low-carbon transportation has become an important development direction of the rail transit system. The carbon emissions of rail transit throughout its life cycle can generally be divided into the construction stage, operation stage and demolition stage, among which the construction stage includes building materials production, building materials transportation, construction and installation. In the existing technology, the research on carbon emissions during the construction stage of rail transit mainly focuses on civil engineering structures, while there is less research on carbon emissions from subway station decoration systems. The existing calculation method usually divides the decoration system into different types of building materials, and calculates their carbon emissions in the production, transportation and construction and installation stages respectively, and finally accumulates them to obtain the overall carbon emissions.

[0003] However, there are many problems with the existing methods for calculating carbon emissions from subway station decoration. First, during the building materials production stage, the calculation is usually based on the weight of the basic building materials multiplied by the carbon emission factor. However, the weight of thin-coated building materials such as latex paint and mortar is difficult to estimate accurately, resulting in calculation errors. Secondly, during the building materials transportation stage, carbon emission calculations rely on material weight, transportation distance, and carbon emission factors. However, the material weight data in existing technologies is often incomplete, making it difficult to accurately calculate carbon emissions. In addition, during the construction and installation stage, carbon emissions are calculated based on the consumption of electricity, gasoline, and diesel during the construction process. However, due to the difficulty in calculating energy consumption during subway station decoration construction, actual carbon emission data is difficult to obtain, resulting in limited reliability of the calculation results. Finally, the actual amount of building materials used in station decoration is difficult to benchmark with the data from the design stage, resulting in statistical difficulties and an inability to fully utilize the bill of quantities for accurate calculations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above issues, the present invention proposes a method for calculating carbon emissions during the construction phase of equipment area decoration in subway stations. This method reduces the difficulty of carbon emission calculation by clarifying the calculation boundaries of carbon emissions during the construction phase and creating a comprehensive carbon emission factor for equipment area decoration based on the bill of quantities, which includes production, transportation, construction and installation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Specify that carbon emissions are calculated only for the renovation of the equipment area of subway stations. Divide the equipment area renovation into three subsystems: ceiling system, wall system, and floor system. Each subsystem contains several unit components. Determine the carbon emission calculation boundary during the construction phase of the station equipment area renovation. The calculation boundary includes the building materials production phase, the building materials transportation phase, and the construction and installation phase.

[0008] S2, establishing a comprehensive carbon emission factor for the equipment area decoration unit components based on the bill of quantities, wherein the comprehensive carbon emission factor includes the sum of the carbon emissions of the corresponding unit components during the building materials production stage, the building materials transportation stage, and the construction and installation stage;

[0009] S3, calculate the carbon emissions of each unit component during the construction phase based on the engineering quantity of each unit component in the bill of quantities and the corresponding comprehensive carbon emission factor;

[0010] S4, sum up the carbon emissions during the construction phase of all unit components of the equipment area decoration to obtain the total carbon emissions during the construction phase of the station equipment area decoration.

[0011] Preferably, the calculation boundary in step S1 excludes the following: carbon emissions from the installation and dismantling of sandwich color steel plate prefabricated houses and container houses used during the construction phase; and carbon dioxide emissions generated by normal breathing of construction workers.

[0012] Preferably, the unit components of the ceiling system include aluminum alloy gusset ceiling, inorganic paint ceiling, and cement matte ceiling; the unit components of the wall system include ceramic tile wall, inorganic paint interior wall, and wood grain aluminum plate decorative wall; the unit components of the floor system include anti-static raised floor, prefabricated terrazzo floor, and vitrified tile floor.

[0013] Preferably, the carbon emissions of equipment area decoration during the construction phase are C total Calculated by the following formula:

[0014] C total =∑C subs,i ;

[0015] Where C subs,i represents the carbon emissions of a subsystem i in the equipment area decoration; the carbon emissions of the equipment area decoration subsystem i during the construction phase C subs,i Calculated by the following formula:

[0016] C subs,i =∑C unit,j ;

[0017] Where C unit,j represents the carbon emissions of a unit component j in the equipment area decoration subsystem of a station; the carbon emissions of the equipment area decoration unit component j during the construction phase C unit,j Calculated by the following formula:

[0018] C unit,j =M j ·C EF,j ;

[0019] Where C EF,j represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor of unit component j, M j Represents the engineering quantity of the unit component j.

[0020] Preferably, the total weight of the finishing materials included in the calculation of the bill of quantities is not less than 95% of the total weight of the building materials consumed in the construction.

[0021] Preferably, the comprehensive carbon emission factor = carbon emission factor in the material production stage + carbon emission factor in the building materials transportation stage + carbon emission factor in the construction and installation stage.

[0022] Preferably, the comprehensive carbon emission factor of the unit component is pre-generated and stored in a database, and is matched and called through the bill of quantities item number during actual calculation.

[0023] Preferably, in addition to storing the pre-generated comprehensive carbon emission factors of unit components, the database also stores historical carbon emission data of each construction project. By comparing and analyzing with real-time monitoring data, a feedback mechanism is formed to correct the comprehensive carbon emission factors and improve the robustness of the calculation model.

[0024] Preferably, the comprehensive carbon emission factor is dynamically adjusted according to the raw material production and construction and installation process parameters in different periods and regions. The dynamic adjustment includes regression analysis or machine learning model prediction based on historical data and on-site monitoring data, thereby achieving adaptive updating of the carbon emission factor.

[0025] Preferably, the quantity data of each item in the bill of quantities is collected in real time through on-site sensors or construction log data, and compared and corrected with preset standards to ensure the accuracy of the unit component quantity, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0026] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are: the present invention clarifies the calculation boundary of carbon emissions in the construction phase, and limits the calculation scope to the three stages of building materials production, building materials transportation and construction and installation, avoiding the carbon emission accounting errors caused by the fuzzy calculation boundaries in the existing methods. In addition, the method of the present invention can effectively reduce the unfair distribution of carbon trading rights caused by unclear boundaries in the carbon emission calculation process, avoid enterprises from manipulating carbon emission data by using fuzzy boundaries, and improve the fairness and transparency of carbon emission management. The present invention proposes a calculation method based on the bill of quantities, introduces a comprehensive carbon emission factor including the three stages of building materials production, transportation and construction and installation, and multiplies the quantity of each unit component in the bill of quantities by its comprehensive carbon emission factor to calculate its carbon emissions in the construction phase. This method greatly simplifies the item-by-item statistical work of material weight, energy consumption and other data in the traditional decoration carbon emission calculation, reduces the difficulty of data collection and calculation, improves the efficiency and accuracy of carbon emission accounting, and has strong engineering application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the decoration composition of the subway station equipment area of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the comprehensive carbon emission factor composition during the construction phase of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the present invention.

[0030] In addition, described feature, structure or characteristic can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.In the following description, many specific details are provided so as to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the technical scheme of the present application can be put into practice without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps etc. can be adopted. In other cases, known methods, devices, implementations or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring the various aspects of the application.

[0031] See also Figure 1 This embodiment discloses a method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area, including the following steps:

[0032] S1 specifies that carbon emissions will only be calculated for the renovation of subway station equipment areas. Equipment area renovations are divided into three subsystems: ceiling, wall, and floor systems. Each subsystem consists of several unit components. The ceiling system includes components such as aluminum alloy gusset ceilings, inorganic coating ceilings, and matte cement ceilings. The wall system includes components such as ceramic tile walls, inorganic coating interior walls, and wood-grain aluminum decorative walls. The floor system includes components such as anti-static raised floors, precast terrazzo floors, and vitrified tile floors. Because subway station equipment area renovations involve a variety of materials and construction techniques, a subsystem and unit component approach is adopted to more accurately calculate the carbon emissions of various types of renovation materials, improving the scientificity and rationality of the calculations. The carbon emission calculation boundaries for the construction phase of station equipment area renovations are determined, encompassing the building materials production, transportation, and construction and installation phases. The building materials production stage refers to the entire manufacturing process of building materials from the mining of raw materials to the final shape. The carbon emissions in this stage mainly come from energy consumption and industrial emissions in the building materials production process; the building materials transportation stage refers to the process of transporting building materials from the production plant to the construction site. The carbon emissions are affected by factors such as transportation distance, type of transportation tools and fuel consumption; the construction and installation stage refers to the processing, installation and use of related construction equipment of building materials at the construction site. The carbon emissions in this stage mainly come from the consumption of energy such as electricity, diesel and gasoline.

[0033] S2, establish a comprehensive carbon emission factor for the decoration unit components of the equipment area based on the bill of quantities. The comprehensive carbon emission factor includes the sum of the carbon emissions of the corresponding unit components in the building materials production stage, the building materials transportation stage, and the construction and installation stage. Comprehensive carbon emission factor = carbon emission factor in the material production stage + carbon emission factor in the building materials transportation stage + carbon emission factor in the construction and installation stage. The establishment of a comprehensive carbon emission factor is one of the core elements of this method. By comprehensively calculating the carbon emissions in each stage, it can avoid errors caused by incomplete data or unclear calculation boundaries in existing methods, and improve the accuracy of carbon emission accounting. The bill of quantities contains the quantity, specifications and construction process information of each unit component. Calculating carbon emissions based on this list can reduce the deviation caused by inaccurate material weight estimation in traditional methods, making the calculation more reliable.

[0034] S3. Calculate the construction phase carbon emissions for each unit component based on the project quantities and the corresponding comprehensive carbon emission factor for each unit component in the bill of quantities. The project quantity refers to the actual number of each unit component used during construction, while the comprehensive carbon emission factor is a summary of the carbon emission data for that unit component at different stages. Multiplying the two together yields the construction phase carbon emissions for that unit component. This calculation method effectively reduces the heavy workload and computational complexity associated with calculating carbon emissions for each stage separately in traditional methods, making carbon emission accounting more practical.

[0035] S4: Accumulate the construction-phase carbon emissions of all unit components of the equipment area renovation to obtain the total carbon emissions during the construction phase of the station equipment area renovation. Since the station equipment area renovation is composed of multiple subsystems and unit components, its total carbon emissions are the cumulative value of the carbon emissions of each unit component. This method calculates the carbon emissions of each unit component in the bill of quantities and ultimately summarizes the overall carbon emissions. This makes the calculation process more systematic, avoids the data inconsistencies caused by calculating the carbon emissions of each component separately in traditional methods, and improves the accuracy and applicability of carbon emission accounting.

[0036] In this example, office space, living quarters, and storage facilities during the construction phase are typically constructed of prefabricated buildings or container buildings made of sandwich color-coated steel sheets due to their short lifespan. These buildings are reusable, easy to install and dismantle, and consume minimal energy for construction and dismantling, thus not included in the carbon emissions from the construction and installation phase. Since temporary structures on construction sites are primarily for short-term use, lightweight, removable structures help reduce resource waste and energy consumption. Therefore, this calculation method excludes them from the carbon emissions statistics for the construction and installation phase. Furthermore, carbon dioxide released from normal breathing is a normal physiological phenomenon and is not directly related to on-site labor, so it is not included in the carbon emissions from labor during the construction process. Carbon emission accounting primarily focuses on energy consumption and material use associated with construction activities. However, on-site respiratory emissions from construction workers are natural metabolic processes and do not significantly change due to construction activities. Therefore, they are not considered in the carbon emission calculation. The station's decoration system is divided into two subsystems: public area decoration and equipment area decoration. Since public area decoration varies significantly from station to station and is often independently subcontracted, this calculation method only considers the equipment area decoration. The equipment area decoration subsystem is divided into ceiling systems, wall systems, and floor systems. Each system has different construction and decoration practices, based on a collection of unit components such as granite floors and aluminum alloy ceilings. Because subway station decoration encompasses multiple distinct areas, public area decoration is typically designed and constructed by independent subcontracting teams, resulting in significant variations in decoration materials, practices, and emissions data. Therefore, this calculation method only calculates carbon emissions for equipment area decoration. Carbon emissions from equipment area decoration are calculated using a hierarchical breakdown of the overall system, subsystem, and unit component. This involves first determining the overall system boundaries, then breaking them down into subsystems, and finally calculating carbon emissions for specific unit components. This hierarchical calculation approach helps improve the accuracy of carbon emission statistics and is applicable to the emission accounting needs of equipment area decoration at different stations.

[0037] The specific implementation method of this implementation is as follows: the carbon emissions of the subway station equipment area decoration during the construction phase are C total Calculated by the following formula:

[0038] C total =∑C subs,i (1)

[0039] Where C subs,i represents the carbon emissions of a subsystem i in the equipment area decoration; the carbon emissions of the equipment area decoration subsystem i during the construction phase C subs,i Calculated by the following formula:

[0040] C subs,i =∑C unit,j (2)

[0041] Where C unit,j represents the carbon emissions of a unit component j in the equipment area decoration subsystem of a station; the carbon emissions of the equipment area decoration unit component j during the construction phase C unit,j Calculated by the following formula:

[0042] C unit,j =M j ·C EF,j (3)

[0043] Where C EF,j represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor of unit component j, M j Represents the engineering quantity of the unit component j.

[0044] Furthermore, the total weight of finishing materials included in the bill of quantities must not be less than 95% of the total weight of building materials consumed in the construction. To ensure the completeness and accuracy of carbon emissions calculations, the statistical scope of finishing materials must cover major building materials to avoid affecting the overall carbon emissions accounting results due to the omission of some building materials. By setting the total weight of finishing materials to not be less than 95% of the total weight of building materials consumed in the construction, the comprehensiveness of the calculated data can be guaranteed and the reliability of the calculation results can be improved.

[0045] See also Figure 2 , taking a subway station in Wuhan as an example, the composition of the comprehensive carbon emission factor in the construction phase is demonstrated. The comprehensive carbon emission factor in the construction phase is composed of carbon emissions in the building materials production phase, carbon emissions in the building materials transportation phase, and carbon emissions in the building materials construction and installation phase, which respectively correspond to the carbon emissions generated in the production and manufacturing process of building materials, the carbon emissions when building materials are transported from the production site to the construction site, and the carbon emissions generated by the installation of materials during the construction process. Carbon emissions from other processes, such as carbon emissions in the operation phase and the demolition phase, are not included in the carbon emission calculation scope of this phase to ensure the pertinence and applicability of the calculation method. As can be seen from the figure, this embodiment refines the carbon emission factors corresponding to different construction practices of equipment area decoration, and lists the carbon emission data of different unit components such as the top surface (ceiling), wall surface and ground surface. The enumerated data in this schematic diagram can be used to guide the calculation of carbon emissions in the decoration construction phase of the equipment area of a subway station, ensuring the accuracy and operability of the calculation results.

[0046] In this embodiment, the comprehensive carbon emission factors for each unit component are pre-generated and stored in a database. During actual calculations, they are matched and retrieved using the bill of quantities item number. Since the carbon emission factors for each unit component are fixed values calculated based on emission data from each phase, to improve calculation efficiency, the comprehensive carbon emission factors for all unit components are pre-calculated and stored in the database. In actual application, the calculation system can quickly match the corresponding comprehensive carbon emission factors based on the bill of quantities item number, thereby achieving automated calculations, reducing manual input, and improving the convenience and accuracy of data retrieval. In addition to storing the pre-generated comprehensive carbon emission factors for each unit component, the database also stores historical carbon emission data for each construction project. By comparing and analyzing this data with real-time monitoring data, a feedback mechanism is established to adjust the comprehensive carbon emission factors and enhance the robustness of the calculation model. Historical carbon emission data includes information on building material consumption, transportation methods, and construction processes for different construction projects, and can be used to compare and analyze the real-time monitoring data for the current project. If there is a discrepancy between the monitoring data and the historical data, the system can use this feedback mechanism to adjust the comprehensive carbon emission factors to better reflect actual conditions, improving the calculation model's adaptability to different construction conditions and enhancing the accuracy of carbon emission predictions. Furthermore, the comprehensive carbon emission factor is dynamically adjusted based on raw material production and construction and installation process parameters over time and across regions. This dynamic adjustment involves regression analysis or machine learning model predictions based on historical data and on-site monitoring data, enabling adaptive updates of the carbon emission factor. Due to regional differences in building material production methods, energy structures, and construction techniques, the comprehensive carbon emission factor cannot remain static. By comprehensively analyzing historical and real-time monitoring data through regression analysis or machine learning models, the system can dynamically optimize the carbon emission factor, adjusting it over time and across regions, thereby ensuring the adaptability of the calculation method and improving the accuracy of carbon emission accounting.

[0047] Furthermore, the quantity data for each unit in the bill of quantities is collected in real time using on-site sensors or construction log data, and then compared and calibrated against preset standards to ensure the accuracy of the unit quantities, thereby improving the precision of the calculation results. During the construction process, the actual quantities of each unit component may deviate from the design data. To reduce the deviation in carbon emission calculations caused by data errors, this method uses sensors or construction log data for real-time data collection and comparison and calibration against preset standards. This automated data calibration ensures the accuracy of the bill of quantities and makes the carbon emission calculation results more accurate and reliable.

[0048] In summary, the present invention discloses a method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station's equipment area. By defining the calculation boundaries, establishing a comprehensive carbon emission factor based on the bill of quantities, and combining real-time data collection and a dynamic adjustment mechanism, the method achieves accurate calculation of carbon emissions during the equipment area renovation and construction phase. The method of the present invention effectively covers key links such as building material production, transportation, and construction and installation, making the calculation results more scientific and reliable. The technical solution of the present invention can significantly reduce the complexity of carbon emission calculations and improve data processing efficiency. At the same time, through database storage and feedback mechanisms, the applicability and accuracy of the carbon emission factor can be continuously optimized. Furthermore, the present invention can dynamically adjust carbon emission calculation parameters based on on-site monitoring data, thereby improving the robustness of the calculation model and providing accurate data support for low-carbon construction. The implementation of the present invention will help promote the development of the subway construction industry towards a green and low-carbon direction, enhance carbon emission control capabilities during construction, and provide a scientific basis and technical support for the environmental protection and sustainability of urban rail transit construction. Through the application of the present invention, the practice of green construction concepts can be further promoted, helping the industry achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of simplicity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Specify that carbon emissions are calculated only for the renovation of the equipment area of subway stations. Divide the equipment area renovation into three subsystems: ceiling system, wall system, and floor system. Each subsystem contains several unit components. Determine the carbon emission calculation boundary during the construction phase of the station equipment area renovation. The calculation boundary includes the building materials production phase, the building materials transportation phase, and the construction and installation phase. S2, establishing a comprehensive carbon emission factor for the equipment area decoration unit components based on the bill of quantities, wherein the comprehensive carbon emission factor includes the sum of the carbon emissions of the corresponding unit components during the building materials production stage, the building materials transportation stage, and the construction and installation stage; S3, calculate the carbon emissions of each unit component during the construction phase based on the engineering quantity of each unit component in the bill of quantities and the corresponding comprehensive carbon emission factor; S4, sum up the carbon emissions during the construction phase of all unit components of the equipment area decoration to obtain the total carbon emissions during the construction phase of the station equipment area decoration.

2. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation boundary in step S1 excludes the following: carbon emissions from the installation and dismantling of sandwich color steel plate prefabricated houses and container houses used during the construction phase; and carbon dioxide emissions generated by normal breathing of construction workers.

3. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The unit components of the ceiling system include aluminum alloy gusset ceiling, inorganic paint ceiling, and cement matte ceiling; the unit components of the wall system include ceramic tile wall, inorganic paint interior wall, and wood grain aluminum plate decorative wall; the unit components of the floor system include anti-static raised floor, prefabricated terrazzo floor, and vitrified tile floor.

4. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Carbon emissions from equipment area decoration during the construction phase C total Calculated by the following formula: C total =∑C subs,i ; Where C subs,i represents the carbon emissions of a subsystem i in the equipment area decoration; the carbon emissions of the equipment area decoration subsystem i during the construction phase C subs,i Calculated by the following formula: C subs,i =∑C unit,j ; Where C unit,j represents the carbon emissions of a unit component j in the equipment area decoration subsystem of a station; the carbon emissions of the equipment area decoration unit component j during the construction phase C unit,j Calculated by the following formula: C unit,j =M j ·C EF,j ; Where C EF,j represents the comprehensive carbon emission factor of unit component j, M j Represents the engineering quantity of the unit component j.

5. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The total weight of the finishing materials included in the calculation of the bill of quantities shall not be less than 95% of the total weight of the building materials consumed in the construction.

6. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The comprehensive carbon emission factor = carbon emission factor of the material production stage + carbon emission factor of the building materials transportation stage + carbon emission factor of the construction and installation stage.

7. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The comprehensive carbon emission factor of the unit component is pre-generated and stored in the database, and is matched and called through the bill of quantities item number during actual calculation.

8. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In addition to storing pre-generated unit component comprehensive carbon emission factors, the database also stores historical carbon emission data of each construction project. By comparing and analyzing with real-time monitoring data, a feedback mechanism is formed to correct the comprehensive carbon emission factors and improve the robustness of the calculation model.

9. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The comprehensive carbon emission factor is dynamically adjusted according to the raw material production and construction and installation process parameters in different periods and regions. The dynamic adjustment includes regression analysis or machine learning model prediction based on historical data and on-site monitoring data, thereby achieving adaptive updating of the carbon emission factor.

10. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the renovation and construction phase of a subway station equipment area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The quantity data of each item in the bill of quantities is collected in real time through on-site sensors or construction log data, and is compared and corrected with preset standards to ensure the accuracy of the unit component quantity, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation results.

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