Soil composition, soil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a soil composition, soil and a preparation method thereof. The soil composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of coal gangue, 20-30 parts of fly ash, 2-3 parts of organic solid waste, 2-3 parts of desert sand, 2-4 parts of sludge and 1-3 parts of a biological agent, the biological agent is bacillus megatherium and / or bacillus mucilaginosus. The bacillus megaterium and / or the bacillus mucilaginosus can accelerate the decomposition of organic matters, promote the conversion of inorganic nutrients, secrete plant growth stimulant and enzyme substances, enhance the resistance of plants to diseases and promote the growth of crops. Especially, the composition can also remove pathogenic bacteria, improve the soil microbial environment and accelerate the soil ripening process. The soil formed by adopting the soil composition is relatively low in cost, the formed soil is more required by the environment, and the existing substances which are difficult to treat can be treated, so that the soil composition is more practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and in particular to a soil composition, soil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The treatment of solid waste usually refers to the process of converting solid waste into a form suitable for transportation, storage, utilization or disposal through physical, chemical, biological, physicochemical and biochemical methods. The goal of solid waste treatment is to render it harmless, reduce its volume and utilize it as a resource. The main methods used include compaction, crushing, sorting, solidification, incineration, biological treatment, etc., which use the action of microorganisms or organisms to convert organic matter in solid waste into stable products, energy and other useful substances, such as composting, anaerobic digestion, cellulose hydrolysis, protein production from sludge or garbage, earthworm breeding to decompose garbage, etc. However, the above methods are too expensive and will also cause secondary pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil composition, soil and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem of high cost of solid waste treatment in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a soil composition is provided, which comprises, by weight, 60-70 parts of coal gangue, 20-30 parts of fly ash, 2-3 parts of organic solid waste, 2-3 parts of desert sand, 2-4 parts of silt, and 1-3 parts of a biological agent; the biological agent is Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus.

[0005] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned coal gangue to the biological agent is (60-70):2; and / or the mass ratio of the desert sand to the silt is (2-3):3.

[0006] Furthermore, the biological agent is a combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus, and the mass ratio of Bacillus megaterium to Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1:(2-3).

[0007] Furthermore, the average particle size of the coal gangue is less than 5 cm; and / or the average particle size of the organic solid waste is less than 2 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, the viscosity of the sludge is 1.80 to 56.70 mPa·s; and / or the mass content of organic matter in the organic solid waste is 10 to 30%.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing soil is provided, using the aforementioned soil composition as a raw material. The method comprises: step S1, first mixing coal gangue, fly ash, organic solid waste, desert sand, and silt to obtain mixture A; step S2, sequentially second mixing and allowing mixture A, a biological agent, and water to stand to obtain soil.

[0010] Furthermore, the above step S1 includes: humidifying the gangue and fly ash to obtain humidified gangue and humidified fly ash, and first mixing the humidified gangue, humidified fly ash, organic solid waste, desert sand and silt to obtain mixture A.

[0011] Furthermore, the first mixing is stirring mixing, and the rotation speed of the first mixing is 300-800 rpm; and / or, the first mixing time is 1-3 hours; and / or, the second mixing is stirring mixing, and the rotation speed of the second mixing is 600-1200 rpm; and / or, the second mixing time is 3-5 hours; and / or, the standing temperature is 20-30° C.; and / or, the standing time is 15-30 days; and / or, the mass ratio of the biological agent to water is 1:(1000-2000).

[0012] Furthermore, the second mixing includes sequentially performing a second A mixing and a second B mixing, and step S2 includes: performing a second A mixing on the biological agent and water to obtain a biological agent solution, performing a second B mixing on the biological agent solution and the mixture A in sequence, and allowing the mixture to stand to obtain soil; preferably, the rotation speed of the second A mixing is 600-800 rpm; and / or, the time for the second A mixing is 1-2 hours; and / or, the rotation speed of the second B mixing is 800-1200 rpm; and / or, the time for the second B mixing is 2-3 hours.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided soil, which is prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present application, the coal gangue is rich in inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements. Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus can convert inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements in the coal gangue into nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements that can be absorbed by plants; the addition of desert sand makes up for the lack of O and Ca elements in the soil. Desert sand has a high alkaline content and a particularly high content of harmful substances. The particles are too fine to be used. Combining it with silt with high viscosity helps to transform the desert sand into a nutrient solution. The addition of fly ash helps improve soil structure and supplement nutrients. The addition of organic solid waste not only provides the carbon source and energy required for microbial activity, but also increases the organic matter content of the soil, enhances the soil's water holding capacity and nutrient retention capacity, and promotes the formation of a granular structure. Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and promote the conversion of inorganic nutrients. At the same time, they can also secrete plant growth stimulants and enzymes, enhance plant resistance to diseases, and promote crop growth. In particular, they can also eliminate pathogenic bacteria, improve the soil microbial environment, and accelerate the soil maturation process. The soil formed by using the above soil composition has a lower cost, is more environmentally friendly, can process existing difficult-to-process materials, and is more practical. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0016] Terminology explanation: silt is a clay soil that is deposited in a still water or slow-flowing water environment, formed by biochemical action, has a natural water content greater than the liquid limit, and a natural porosity greater than or equal to 1.5.

[0017] As analyzed in the background of this application, the cost of solid waste treatment in the prior art is too high. In order to solve this problem, this application provides a soil composition, soil and a preparation method thereof.

[0018] In a typical embodiment of the present application, a soil composition is provided, which comprises, by weight, 60 to 70 parts of coal gangue, 20 to 30 parts of fly ash, 2 to 3 parts of organic solid waste, 2 to 3 parts of desert sand, 2 to 4 parts of silt, and 1 to 3 parts of a biological agent; the biological agent is Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus.

[0019] Gangue is rich in inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements. Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus can convert inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements in gangue into nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements that can be absorbed by plants; the addition of desert sand makes up for the lack of O and Ca elements in the soil. Desert sand has a high alkaline content and a particularly high content of harmful substances. The particles are too fine to be used. Combining it with silt with high viscosity will help to bond the desert sand. The addition of fly ash helps to improve the soil structure and supplement the nutrients; the addition of organic solid waste not only provides the carbon source and energy required for microbial activity, but also increases the organic matter content of the soil, enhances the water holding capacity and nutrient retention capacity of the soil, and promotes the formation of aggregate structure; Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, promote the transformation of inorganic nutrients, and at the same time secrete plant growth stimulants and enzymes, enhance plant resistance to diseases, and promote crop growth. In particular, they can also eliminate pathogenic bacteria, improve the soil microbial environment, and accelerate the soil maturation process. The soil formed by using the above-mentioned soil composition has a lower cost, and the formed soil is more in line with environmental needs. It can process existing materials that are difficult to handle and is more practical.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned Bacillus megaterium was purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g, and the above-mentioned Bacillus mucilaginosus was purchased from Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a live bacteria content of 20 billion CFU / g.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the mass ratio of the above-mentioned coal gangue to the biological agent is (60-70):2, specifically 60:2, 61:2, 62:2, 63:2, 64:2, 65:2, 66:2, 67:2, 68:2, 69:2, 70:2 and a range value between any two ratios; and / or, the mass ratio of desert sand to silt is (2-3):3.

[0022] Gangue is rich in minerals such as SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and CaO, but these components are often difficult for plants to absorb under natural conditions. By adding Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus, the mineral nutrients in the gangue can be effectively decomposed and converted into a form that is easily absorbed by plants. Controlling the mass ratio of gangue to biological inoculants within the above range helps ensure that the amount of inoculants is sufficient to activate their biochemical effects in the gangue, but does not cause excessive waste of resources or imbalance in the soil ecology. Desert sand is light and highly porosity but lacks cohesiveness and nutrients, while silt is heavy and highly water-retaining. The viscosity and adsorption properties of silt can fix the mineral particles in the desert sand, prevent wind and water erosion, and improve the physical stability of the soil. Controlling the mass ratio of desert sand to silt within the above range helps to achieve a more balanced and stable soil texture, while providing sufficient space for air flow and water retention.

[0023] To further improve, in one embodiment of the present application, the components of the above-mentioned coal gangue include, by mass percentage, 60% SiO2, 30% Al2O3, 10% Fe2O3 and CaO; and / or, the components of the above-mentioned desert sand include silica, silicate and calcium carbonate; and / or, the components of the above-mentioned fly ash include silica, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur trioxide, iron, manganese, titanium and vanadium; and / or, the components of the above-mentioned organic solid waste include at least one of food residues, vegetable roots, vegetable leaves, plant branches, leaves, weeds, livestock manure, animal carcasses and hair.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the biological agent is a combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus, and the mass ratio of Bacillus megaterium to Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1:(2-3).

[0025] Bacillus megaterium is a phosphate-dissolving bacterium with the characteristics of rapid reproduction, strong vitality, safety and non-toxicity. It dissolves compounds such as calcium phosphate, iron phosphate, aluminum phosphate that are difficult to absorb in soil crops, and promotes the dissolution and utilization of ineffective phosphorus in the soil; the growth of the bacteria produces a large amount of protease, amino acids, cytokinins, etc., which enhance the vitality of crop cells, accelerate crop metabolism, increase flowers and fruits, and make the fruits expand quickly and taste better, greatly improving crop yields and agricultural product grades; Bacillus megaterium secretes a large amount of highly active chitinase, which quickly eliminates pathogens, accelerates the growth and development of rhizobia and roots, and promotes the development of crop root systems. Bacillus mucilaginosus, also known as silicate bacteria, decomposes potassium-containing minerals in aluminum silicates and other ores, dissolving phosphate, releasing potassium, and fixing nitrogen. During its growth and reproduction, it produces organic acids, amino acids, polysaccharides, hormones, and other substances beneficial for plant absorption and utilization. After thriving in the soil, Bacillus mucilaginosus secretes plant growth stimulants and various enzymes, enhancing crop resistance to certain diseases and inhibiting the growth of other pathogens. The potassium content of Bacillus mucilaginosus bacteria exceeds 33%. This potassium is released upon death and can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants. Using both together can comprehensively improve soil nutrient availability, particularly in poor or nutrient-deficient soils. Bacillus mucilaginosus also secretes large amounts of colloid, which helps improve soil aggregate structure, enhances soil water and nutrient retention, and reduces water and nutrient loss. When combined with Bacillus megaterium, the activity can further enhance soil stability, promote healthy root growth, and improve crop yield and quality. By introducing these two microorganisms, the soil microbial community can be enriched and its biological activity enhanced. This not only facilitates the restoration of the soil ecosystem but also promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms, inhibits the activity of pathogenic microorganisms, maintains soil ecological balance, and reduces the incidence of pests and diseases. Controlling the mass ratio of Bacillus megaterium to Bacillus mucilaginosus within the above range helps ensure sufficient Bacillus megaterium for phosphorus dissolution while simultaneously uninhibiting Bacillus mucilaginosus's potassium release and nitrogen fixation, thereby improving nutrient utilization.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present application, the average particle size of the above-mentioned coal gangue is less than 5 cm; preferably, the average particle size of the coal gangue is 1 to 3 cm; and / or, the average particle size of the organic solid waste is less than 2 cm; preferably, the average particle size of the organic solid waste is 0.5 to 1 cm.

[0027] Controlling the particle size of coal gangue within a smaller range helps to evenly mix it with other components (such as fly ash, organic solid waste, etc.) and improve the decomposition efficiency of coal gangue. Coal gangue with an average particle size of 1 to 3 cm can play a good skeleton role in the soil, combining with fine fly ash, organic matter and desert sand to form soil particle gradation. This helps to form soil aeration, water permeability and aggregate structure, thereby optimizing the physical properties of the soil and providing a good environment for the growth of plant roots. Controlling the average particle size of organic solid waste within a smaller range helps to increase its contact surface area with microorganisms and promote microbial decomposition. In particular, controlling the average particle size of organic solid waste to 0.5 to 1 cm helps to further improve the aeration, water permeability and water retention properties of the soil, providing better conditions for plant growth.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, the viscosity of the sludge is 1.80 to 56.70 mPa·s, preferably 20 to 40 mPa·s; and / or the mass content of organic matter in the organic solid waste is 10 to 30%.

[0029] The viscosity of silt affects its uniformity when mixed with other soil components and the resulting physical properties of the soil. Controlling silt viscosity within the above range helps improve soil water retention while also enhancing soil aeration. Controlling the organic matter content of organic solid waste within the above range helps maintain a suitable soil environment while providing a rich carbon source and nutrients for microbial growth, promoting microbial activity, accelerating organic matter degradation, and releasing more nutrients.

[0030] In another typical embodiment of the present application, a method for preparing soil is provided, using the aforementioned soil composition as a raw material. The method comprises: step S1, first mixing coal gangue, fly ash, organic solid waste, desert sand, and silt to obtain mixture A; step S2, second mixing and allowing mixture A, a biological agent, and water to stand in sequence to obtain soil.

[0031] First, by first mixing coal gangue, fly ash, organic solid waste, desert sand and silt, it helps to improve the uniformity of distribution between the components, thereby helping to improve the air permeability, water retention and formation of aggregate structure of the soil, providing a healthy and stable growth environment for the roots of plants. By second mixing mixture A, biological bacteria agent and water and then letting it stand, during this process, the biological bacteria agent is activated under the appropriate humidity and raw material environment, which helps to accelerate the decomposition of coal gangue and organic solid waste, promote the release of nutrients, and convert them into a form that can be absorbed by plants. The soil preparation method of the present application does not require traditional complex processing processes, has a low preparation cost, and the formed soil is more environmentally friendly and can process existing difficult-to-process materials, making it more practical.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned step S1 includes: humidifying the coal gangue and fly ash to obtain humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash, and first mixing the humidified coal gangue, humidified fly ash, organic solid waste, desert sand and silt to obtain mixture A; preferably, the moisture content of the humidified coal gangue is 20% to 30%; and / or the moisture content of the humidified fly ash is 20% to 30%.

[0033] Gangue and fly ash tend to generate a large amount of dust in a dry state, which not only pollutes the environment but may also endanger the health of operators. Humidification treatment can significantly reduce the generation of dust and improve the safety and cleanliness of the working environment. Humidification can also form a moisture film on the surface of the gangue and fly ash particles, which helps them to adhere to other raw materials such as organic solid waste, desert sand and silt, so that the various raw materials can be more evenly combined in the subsequent mixing process to form a structurally stable mixture A. Controlling the moisture content of the humidified gangue and the moisture content of the humidified fly ash within the above range helps to form a mixture A with good plasticity, which is conducive to the formation of soil aggregate structure and improves the stability and water holding capacity of the final soil.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present application, the first mixing is stirring mixing, and the first mixing speed is 300-800 rpm; and / or, the first mixing time is 1-3 hours; and / or, the second mixing is stirring mixing, and the second mixing speed is 600-1200 rpm; and / or, the second mixing time is 3-5 hours; and / or, the standing temperature is 20-30° C.; and / or, the standing time is 15-30 days; and / or, the mass ratio of the biological agent to water is 1:(1000-2000).

[0035] Controlling the speed and time of the first mixing process within the aforementioned ranges helps improve the uniformity of dispersion among the components and balances material dispersion with energy consumption. Controlling the speed and time of the second mixing process within the aforementioned ranges helps promote uniform distribution of the bio-inoculum in Mixture A, promoting sufficient contact between the microorganisms and the raw materials, thereby activating the microorganisms and accelerating their decomposition of coal gangue and other organic matter. Controlling the temperature and time of the standing period within the aforementioned ranges helps accelerate microbial growth and reproduction, improve their decomposition capacity and conversion efficiency, mature the soil, and enhance its fertility and biological activity. Controlling the mass ratio of the bio-inoculum to water within the aforementioned ranges helps control the distribution density of microorganisms in the soil, thereby improving their decomposition efficiency.

[0036] In order to improve the uniformity and activity of the distribution of the biological agent in the soil, thereby increasing the decomposition rate of organic solid waste and coal gangue and enhancing soil fertility, in one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned second mixing includes a second A mixing and a second B mixing performed sequentially, and step S2 includes: performing a second A mixing on the biological agent and water to obtain a biological agent solution, and performing a second B mixing on the biological agent solution and mixture A in sequence and letting them stand to obtain soil; preferably, the rotation speed of the second A mixing is 600-800 rpm; and / or, the time of the second A mixing is 1-2 hours; and / or, the rotation speed of the second B mixing is 800-1200 rpm; and / or, the time of the second B mixing is 2-3 hours.

[0037] In another typical embodiment of the present application, a soil is provided. The soil is prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0038] Since the soil is prepared using the soil composition of the present application, the soil has low cost and is rich in nutrients required for plant growth, which can improve the resistance of plants to diseases and promote crop growth.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present application will be further illustrated below with reference to examples.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The soil composition comprises, by weight, 70 parts of coal gangue (average particle size of 1 cm), 20 parts of fly ash, 2 parts of organic solid waste (consisting of food scraps, vegetable roots, leaves, plant branches, leaves, weeds, livestock feces, animal carcasses, and hair, with an average particle size of 0.5 cm and an organic matter content of 20% by weight), 3 parts of desert sand, 3 parts of silt (viscosity of 30 Pa·s), and 2 parts of Bacillus megaterium (Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a viable bacterial content of 20 billion CFU / g). The soil composition is used as raw material for soil preparation, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0042] S1: The coal gangue and fly ash are passed through a humidifying device to increase the humidity to obtain humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash, wherein the moisture content of the humidified coal gangue and the humidified fly ash is 20%;

[0043] S2: mixing the organic solid waste, desert sand, silt, humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash in a mixer at a first mixing speed of 300 rpm for 3 hours to form a mixture A;

[0044] S3: Bacillus megaterium and water are mixed for a second time A at a weight ratio of 1:1000, the speed of the second A mixing is 600 rpm, and the second A mixing time is 2 hours to form a Bacillus megaterium solution. The Bacillus megaterium solution is then added to the mixture A for a second B mixing, the speed of the second B mixing is 800 rpm, and the second B mixing time is 3 hours to obtain a mixture B. The mixture B is allowed to stand at 30° C. for 15 days to obtain soil.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that, in parts by weight, the soil composition includes: 60 parts of coal gangue (average particle size 3 cm), 30 parts of fly ash, 3 parts of organic solid waste (consisting of food scraps, vegetable roots, vegetable leaves, plant branches, leaves, weeds, livestock feces, animal carcasses and hair, with an average particle size of 1 cm and an organic matter mass content of 20%), 2 parts of desert sand, 3 parts of silt (viscosity 30 Pa·s), and 2 parts of Bacillus mucilaginosus (Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a viable bacterial content of 20 billion CFU / g). The above soil composition is used as raw material for soil preparation, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0047] S1: The coal gangue and fly ash are passed through a humidifying device to increase the humidity to obtain humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash, wherein the moisture content of the humidified coal gangue and the humidified fly ash is 20%;

[0048] S2: mixing the organic solid waste, desert sand, silt, humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash in a mixer at a first mixing speed of 300 rpm for 3 hours to form a mixture A;

[0049] S3: Bacillus megaterium and water are mixed for a second time A at a weight ratio of 1:10, the speed of the second A mixing is 600 rpm, and the second A mixing time is 2 hours to form a Bacillus megaterium solution. The Bacillus megaterium solution is then added to the mixture A for a second B mixing, the speed of the second B mixing is 800 rpm, and the second B mixing time is 3 hours to obtain a mixture B. The mixture B is allowed to stand at 30° C. for 15 days to obtain soil.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight portion of Bacillus megaterium is 1 part, and soil is finally obtained.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight parts of silt are 2 parts, and soil is finally obtained.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that a combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus is used to replace Bacillus megaterium, and the mass ratio of Bacillus megaterium to Bacillus mucilaginosus in the combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1:2, and finally soil is obtained.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] The difference from Example 1 is that a combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus is used to replace Bacillus megaterium, and the mass ratio of Bacillus megaterium to Bacillus mucilaginosus in the combination of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1:3, and finally soil is obtained.

[0058] Example 7

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is that the average particle size of the coal gangue is 5 cm, the average particle size of the organic solid waste is 2 cm, and soil is finally obtained.

[0060] Example 8

[0061] The difference from Example 1 is that the viscosity of the sludge is 1.80 Pa·s, the mass content of organic matter in the organic solid waste is 30%, and soil is finally obtained.

[0062] Example 9

[0063] The difference from Example 1 is that the viscosity of the sludge is 56.70 Pa·s, the mass content of organic matter in the organic solid waste is 10%, and soil is finally obtained.

[0064] Example 10

[0065] The difference from Example 1 is that the viscosity of the sludge is 60 Pa·s, the mass content of organic matter in the organic solid waste is 5%, and soil is finally obtained.

[0066] Example 11

[0067] The difference from Example 1 is that the humidification of coal gangue and fly ash is omitted, and soil is finally obtained.

[0068] Example 12

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that the step of first mixing Bacillus megaterium and water to form a Bacillus megaterium solution is omitted, and Bacillus megaterium, water and mixture A are directly mixed to finally obtain soil.

[0070] Example 13

[0071] The difference from Example 1 is that the standing temperature is 20° C. and the standing time is 30 days, and soil is finally obtained.

[0072] Example 14

[0073] The difference from Example 1 is that the standing temperature is 20° C. and the standing time is 10 days, and the soil is finally obtained.

[0074] Example 15

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that, in parts by weight, the soil composition comprises: 70 parts of coal gangue (average particle size of 1 cm), 20 parts of fly ash, 2 parts of organic solid waste (consisting of food scraps, vegetable roots, leaves, plant branches, leaves, weeds, livestock feces, animal carcasses, and hair, with an average particle size of 0.5 cm and an organic matter content of 20% by mass), 3 parts of desert sand, 3 parts of silt (viscosity of 30 Pa·s), and 2 parts of Bacillus megaterium. The soil composition is used as raw material for soil preparation, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0076] S1: The coal gangue and fly ash are passed through a humidifying device to increase the humidity to obtain humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash, wherein the moisture content of the humidified coal gangue and the humidified fly ash is 20%;

[0077] S2: mixing the organic solid waste, desert sand, silt, humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash in a mixer at a first mixing speed of 800 rpm for 1 hour to form a mixture A;

[0078] S3: Bacillus megaterium and water are mixed for a second time (A) at a weight ratio of 1:2000, the speed of the second mixing (A) is 800 rpm, and the time of the second mixing (A) is 1 hour to form a Bacillus megaterium solution. The Bacillus megaterium solution is then added to the mixture (A) for a second mixing (B) at a speed of 1200 rpm, and the time of the second mixing (B) is 2 hours to obtain a mixture (B). The mixture (B) is allowed to stand at 30° C. for 15 days to obtain soil.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] The difference from Example 1 is that the addition of Bacillus megaterium was omitted, and soil was finally obtained.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] The difference from Example 1 is that the strain Penicillium oxalicum (manufacturer: Ningbo Mingzhou Biotechnology Co., Ltd., model number: B94704) is used to replace Bacillus megaterium, and finally the soil is obtained.

[0083] Comparative Example 3

[0084] The difference from Example 1 is that, in parts by weight, the soil composition comprises: 80 parts of coal gangue (average particle size of 1 cm), 10 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of organic solid waste (consisting of food scraps, vegetable roots, leaves, plant branches, leaves, weeds, livestock feces, animal carcasses, and hair, with an average particle size of 0.5 cm and an organic matter content of 20% by mass), 1 part of desert sand, 5 parts of silt (viscosity of 30 Pa·s), and 0.5 parts of Bacillus megaterium. The soil composition is used as raw material for soil preparation, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0085] S1: The coal gangue and fly ash are passed through a humidifying device to increase the humidity to obtain humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash, wherein the moisture content of the humidified coal gangue and the humidified fly ash is 20%;

[0086] S2: mixing the organic solid waste, desert sand, silt, humidified coal gangue and humidified fly ash in a mixer at a first mixing speed of 300 rpm for 3 hours to form a mixture A;

[0087] S3: Bacillus megaterium and water are mixed for a second time A at a weight ratio of 1:1000, the speed of the second A mixing is 600 rpm, and the second A mixing time is 2 hours to form a Bacillus megaterium solution. The Bacillus megaterium solution is then added to the mixture A for a second B mixing, the speed of the second B mixing is 800 rpm, and the second B mixing time is 3 hours to obtain a mixture B. The mixture B is allowed to stand at 30° C. for 15 days to obtain soil.

[0088] Performance Testing

[0089] Alfalfa was planted in the soil prepared in the examples and comparative examples. After 3 months of growth, the average height, average leaf width and percentage of alfalfa plants with brown spot disease were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0094] Gangue is rich in inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements. Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus can convert inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements in gangue into nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and other trace elements that can be absorbed by plants; the addition of desert sand makes up for the lack of O and Ca elements in the soil. Desert sand has a high alkaline content and a particularly high content of harmful substances. The particles are too fine to be used. Combining it with silt with high viscosity will help to bond the desert sand. The addition of fly ash helps to improve the soil structure and supplement the nutrients; the addition of organic solid waste not only provides the carbon source and energy required for microbial activity, but also increases the organic matter content of the soil, enhances the water holding capacity and nutrient retention capacity of the soil, and promotes the formation of aggregate structure; Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, promote the transformation of inorganic nutrients, and at the same time secrete plant growth stimulants and enzymes, enhance plant resistance to diseases, and promote crop growth. In particular, they can also eliminate pathogenic bacteria, improve the soil microbial environment, and accelerate the soil maturation process. The soil formed by using the above-mentioned soil composition has a lower cost, and the formed soil is more in line with environmental needs. It can process existing materials that are difficult to handle and is more practical.

[0095] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil composition, characterized in that The soil composition comprises, by weight, 60 to 70 parts of coal gangue, 20 to 30 parts of fly ash, 2 to 3 parts of organic solid waste, 2 to 3 parts of desert sand, 2 to 4 parts of silt, and 1 to 3 parts of a biological agent; the biological agent is Bacillus megaterium and / or Bacillus mucilaginosus.

2. The soil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the coal gangue to the biological agent is (60-70):2; and / or the mass ratio of the desert sand to the silt is (2-3):

3.

3. The soil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The biological bacterial agent is a combination of the Bacillus megaterium and the Bacillus mucilaginosus, and the mass ratio of the Bacillus megaterium to the Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1:(2-3).

4. The soil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The average particle size of the coal gangue is less than 5 cm; and / or the average particle size of the organic solid waste is less than 2 cm.

5. The soil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The viscosity of the sludge is 1.80 to 56.70 mPa·s; and / or the mass content of organic matter in the organic solid waste is 10 to 30%.

6. A method for preparing soil, characterized in that: Using the soil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as a raw material, the preparation method comprises: Step S1, first mixing coal gangue, fly ash, organic solid waste, desert sand and silt to obtain a mixture A; Step S2: performing a second mixing and standing of the mixture A, the biological agent, and water in sequence to obtain the soil.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that The step S1 includes: humidifying the gangue and the fly ash to obtain humidified gangue and humidified fly ash, and performing the first mixing of the humidified gangue, the humidified fly ash, the organic solid waste, the desert sand and the silt to obtain the mixture A.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The first mixing is stirring mixing, the first mixing speed is 300 to 800 rpm; and / or the first mixing time is 1 to 3 hours; and / or, the second mixing is stirring mixing, the second mixing speed is 600-1200 rpm; and / or, the second mixing time is 3-5 hours; and / or, the standing temperature is 20 to 30° C.; and / or, the standing time is 15 to 30 days; And / or, the mass ratio of the biological agent to the water is 1:(1000-2000).

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that The second mixing includes sequentially performing a second A mixing and a second B mixing, and the step S2 includes: performing the second A mixing on the biological agent and the water to obtain a biological agent solution, and sequentially performing the second B mixing on the biological agent solution and the mixture A and allowing the mixture to stand to obtain the soil; Preferably, the second A is mixed at a speed of 600 to 800 rpm; and / or the second A is mixed for 1 to 2 hours; and / or, the second B mixing speed is 800-1200 rpm; and / or, the second B mixing time is 2-3 hours.

10. Soil, characterized in that: The soil is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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