Intelligent photoelectric separation cone barrel type screening and distributing device for coal gangue

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal gangue treatment, and particularly relates to an intelligent photoelectric separation cone barrel type screening and distributing device for coal gangue. The conical barrel structure with the large end facing upwards is adopted, and the gaps changing from large to small are formed among the conical barrels, so that materials with different particle sizes are automatically screened and orderly arranged under the action of gravity or external force, and the problems that in traditional material distribution, the particle sizes are disordered, and mixing and stacking are caused are effectively solved. According to the invention, particle size layering and space guiding can be completed in advance before materials enter an X-ray identification area, the overlapping and stacking phenomena of large particles and small particles are obviously reduced, and the separation degree and identification definition of the materials in an image are improved. The regularized material distribution enables the target boundary in the X-ray image to be clearer, thereby facilitating the accurate positioning and classification of an image recognition algorithm, improving the stability and robustness of an intelligent recognition model, indirectly improving the air jet blowing precision, and reducing the false blowing or missing blowing phenomenon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal gangue processing, and particularly relates to a coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for clean and efficient utilization of coal resources, the intelligent identification and efficient sorting of coal gangue are gaining increasing attention. X-ray transmission identification and sorting, a key technology for gangue sorting, has been widely used in coal beneficiation systems due to its non-contact, strong penetration, and high recognition accuracy. However, the current coal loading method used in industrial applications generally adopts a random particle size distribution, whereby different particle sizes are randomly mixed and transported to the X-ray detection area via a conveyor belt.

[0003] This randomized particle size distribution approach presents significant drawbacks in actual production. Due to the varying and disordered particle sizes, large and small particles can easily overlap, adhere, and stack during transportation. This can lead to overlapping, obstructed, and blurred boundaries in X-ray images. These image characteristics significantly increase the difficulty of image-based target segmentation and positioning, affecting the accuracy and stability of recognition algorithms. This can lead to problems such as misidentification and air jet deviation in the sorting system, severely impacting sorting effectiveness and overall system efficiency.

[0004] In view of this, the inventor hopes to provide a coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen distribution device, which optimizes the particle size distribution law, reduces the probability of overlapping and adhesion, improves image clarity and target separation, and provides a more favorable image basis and target feature expression for subsequent X-ray identification and sorting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the traditional technology and provide a coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen distribution device, comprising a horizontal channel, a vertical channel, a screening box, a screening distribution mechanism, a horizontal conveyor belt, an X-ray generator, a sensor, a controller, a gas tank, a spray valve, a dust collector, a clean coal transfer belt and a gangue transfer belt; the left end of the horizontal channel is connected to the screening box, the right end of the horizontal channel is connected to the vertical channel, the upper side of the screening box is provided with a screening distribution mechanism, the interior of the horizontal channel is installed with a horizontal conveyor belt, the upper part of the horizontal conveyor belt is installed with an X-ray generator near the right end inflection point, and the horizontal conveyor belt is provided with a screen box. A sensor is installed below or on the side of the upper belt body, a spray valve is installed below the right inflection point of the horizontal conveyor belt, the spray valve is connected to the gas tank, a dust collector is installed at the top outlet of the vertical channel, and two branch pipes are arranged side by side at the bottom of the vertical channel, a clean coal transfer belt is installed below one branch pipe close to the horizontal channel, and a gangue transfer belt is installed below the other branch pipe, the screening and distribution mechanism, horizontal conveyor belt, X-ray generator, sensor, gas tank, spray valve, dust collector, clean coal transfer belt and gangue transfer belt are respectively connected to the controller.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen distribution device, when the sensor detects incoming material, it sends an incoming material signal to the controller, and the controller controls the X-ray generator to collect images and sends the data to the controller. The controller processes and compares the received image data, and chooses whether to control the spray valve to blow air according to the comparison result; when the spray valve does not blow air, the ore falls into the clean coal transfer belt; when the spray valve blows air, the ore falls into the gangue transfer belt.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen distribution device, the screen distribution mechanism can realize the arrangement of the ore particle size from small to large from one side to the other side.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel type screen distribution device, the screen distribution mechanism includes a row of cone barrels, the cone barrels are arranged at an angle, and the large end is located at a high position, and a blanking gap with a gradually increasing groove width is formed between two adjacent cone barrels.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen distribution device, the screen distribution mechanism can achieve the arrangement of the mineral material particle size from small to large from both sides toward the middle.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel type screen distribution device, the screen distribution mechanism includes two rows of symmetrically inclined cone barrels, each row of the cone barrels is inclined, and the large end faces outward and is located at a high position, and a blanking gap with a groove width gradually increasing from the outside to the inside is formed between two adjacent cone barrels in the same row.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen distribution device, the cone barrel adopts a fixed structure and uses overall vibration to achieve the movement of mineral materials; or the cone barrel adopts a rotatable structure and two adjacent cone barrels can rotate towards each other.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen distribution device, when the cone barrel adopts a rotatable structure, its surface is provided with a guide texture that can push the mineral material to move in an orderly manner on the cone surface during rotation.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. Achieve regularized particle size distribution: By adopting a cone barrel structure with the large end facing upward and setting gaps varying from large to small between multiple cone barrels, materials of different particle sizes can be automatically screened and arranged in an orderly manner under the action of gravity or external force, effectively solving the problem of disordered particle size and mixed accumulation in traditional distribution.

[0017] 2. Reduce the probability of overlapping and sticking: This device can complete particle size stratification and spatial guidance in advance before the material enters the X-ray identification area, significantly reducing the overlap and stacking of large and small particles, and improving the separation and identification clarity of the material in the image.

[0018] 3. Improve recognition and sorting accuracy: Regularized fabrics make the target boundaries in X-ray images clearer, facilitating accurate positioning and classification by image recognition algorithms, thereby improving the stability and robustness of the intelligent recognition model, and indirectly improving the accuracy of air jet blowing and sorting, reducing mis-blowing or missed blowing.

[0019] 4. Simple structure and strong adaptability: The device of the present invention has a simple structural design, and multiple cone barrels can be modularly assembled, which is convenient for production and maintenance, and can be flexibly adapted to coal preparation systems with different particle size ranges and processing capacities.

[0020] 5. A variety of material driving modes are available: According to actual application requirements, the material can be moved and screened on the surface of the cone barrel through vibration or rotation structure, with good adaptability and scalability.

[0021] 6. Improve the overall efficiency of the system: This device optimizes the material status during the loading stage, providing better input conditions for subsequent image recognition and intelligent sorting. It improves the efficiency of coal gangue identification and sorting from a system level and has significant industrial promotion value.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the screening and distribution mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of particle size distribution of the screening and distribution mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the screening and distribution mechanism in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of particle size distribution of the screening and distribution mechanism in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals of the various components are as follows:

[0030] 1-horizontal channel, 2-vertical channel, 3-screening box, 4-screen distribution mechanism, 401-conical barrel, 402-dropping gap, 5-horizontal conveyor belt, 6-X-ray generator, 7-sensor, 8-controller, 9-gas tank, 10-spray valve, 11-dust collector, 12-clean coal transfer belt, 13-gangue transfer belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, this embodiment provides a coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone-barrel screen distribution device, including a horizontal channel 1, a vertical channel 2, a screening box 3, a screen distribution mechanism 4, a horizontal conveyor belt 5, an X-ray generator 6, a sensor 7, a controller 8, a gas tank 9, a spray valve 10, a dust collector 11, a clean coal transfer belt 12, and a gangue transfer belt 13. The screen distribution mechanism 4, horizontal conveyor belt 5, X-ray generator 6, sensor 7, gas tank 9, spray valve 10, dust collector 11, clean coal transfer belt 12, and gangue transfer belt 13 are respectively connected to the controller 8.

[0034] In this embodiment, the left end of the horizontal channel 1 is connected to a screening box 3, and the right end of the horizontal channel 1 is connected to a vertical channel 2. A screening and distribution mechanism 4 is provided on the upper side of the screening box 3, and a horizontal conveyor belt 5 is installed inside the horizontal channel 1. An X-ray generator 6 is installed above the horizontal conveyor belt 5 near the right end inflection point. A sensor 7 is installed below or to the side of the upper belt body of the horizontal conveyor belt 5. A spray valve 10 is installed below the right end inflection point of the horizontal conveyor belt 5, and the spray valve 10 is connected to the gas tank 9.

[0035] In this embodiment, a dust collector 11 is installed at the top outlet of the vertical channel 2, and two branch pipes are provided side by side at the bottom of the vertical channel 2. A clean coal transfer belt 12 is installed under one branch pipe close to the horizontal channel, and a gangue transfer belt 13 is installed under the other branch pipe.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the sensor 7 detects incoming material, it sends an incoming material signal to the controller 8. The controller 8 controls the X-ray generator 6 to collect images and sends the data to the controller 8. The controller 8 processes and compares the received image data and chooses whether to control the spray valve 10 to blow air according to the comparison result. When the spray valve 10 does not blow air, the ore falls into the clean coal transfer belt 12; when the spray valve blows air, the ore falls into the gangue transfer belt 13.

[0037] In this embodiment, the screening and distribution mechanism 4 can achieve that the particle sizes of the mineral materials are arranged in order from small to large from one side to the other side.

[0038] In this embodiment, the screening and distributing mechanism 4 includes a row of conical barrels 401 . The conical barrels 401 are tilted, and the large ends are located at a high position. A blanking gap 402 with a gradually increasing groove width is formed between two adjacent conical barrels 401 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the cone barrel 401 adopts a fixed structure and uses overall vibration to achieve the movement of the mineral material.

[0040] A specific application of this embodiment is: by introducing the concept of regularized particle size distribution, the particle size arrangement state of the material during transportation is improved from the source, and the image recognition quality and sorting accuracy are improved. The screening and distribution mechanism 4 includes a plurality of conical barrel structures arranged side by side. The conical barrel is a conical structure with one end large and the other end small, and is arranged in sequence with the large end facing the material feeding direction. A gap structure that changes from large to small is provided between the multiple conical barrels. In conjunction with the size of the conical barrel body, the screening and guiding distribution function of the material is realized as a whole. Specifically, materials with larger particle sizes tend to fall into areas with larger gaps, while materials with smaller particle sizes fall into areas with smaller gaps, thereby achieving an orderly distribution of particle sizes from large to small on the conveyor belt, or forming a particle size distribution pattern with large particles in the middle of the belt and small particles on both sides. By combining structural innovation with motion mode design, pre-screening of material particle size and regular distribution are achieved in the loading process, effectively reducing the risk of overlapping and adhesion of materials in X-ray images, improving image clarity and target boundary recognition rate, and significantly enhancing the accuracy and stability of subsequent intelligent identification and sorting, which has good industrial application prospects and promotion value.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the cone barrels 401 adopt a rotatable structure, and two adjacent cone barrels 401 can rotate towards each other.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] This embodiment is an improvement on the second embodiment, in that the surface of the cone barrel 401 is provided with a guide texture that can push the mineral material to move in an orderly manner on the cone surface during the rotation process.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the screening and distribution mechanism can arrange the particle sizes of the mineral materials from small to large from both sides toward the middle.

[0047] The screening and distribution mechanism 4 includes two rows of symmetrically inclined conical barrels 401. The conical barrels 401 in each row are inclined, with the large ends facing outward and located at a high position. A blanking gap 402 with a groove width gradually increasing from the outside to the inside is formed between two adjacent conical barrels 401 in the same row.

[0048] Example 5

[0049] The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the cone barrels 401 adopt a rotatable structure, and two adjacent cone barrels 401 can rotate towards each other.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] This embodiment is an improvement on the fifth embodiment, in that the surface of the cone barrel 401 is provided with a guide texture that can push the mineral material to move in an orderly manner on the cone surface during the rotation process.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device, characterized in that: It includes a horizontal channel, a vertical channel, a screening box, a screening distribution mechanism, a horizontal conveyor belt, an X-ray generator, a sensor, a controller, a gas tank, a spray valve, a dust collector, a clean coal transfer belt and a gangue transfer belt; the left end of the horizontal channel is connected to the screening box, the right end of the horizontal channel is connected to the vertical channel, the upper side of the screening box is provided with a screening distribution mechanism, a horizontal conveyor belt is installed inside the horizontal channel, an X-ray generator is installed above the horizontal conveyor belt near the right end inflection point, and an X-ray generator is installed below or on the side of the upper belt body of the horizontal conveyor belt. A sensor is installed, a spray valve is installed below the right inflection point of the horizontal conveyor belt, the spray valve is connected to the gas tank, a dust collector is installed at the top outlet of the vertical channel, and two branch pipes are arranged side by side at the bottom of the vertical channel, a clean coal transfer belt is installed below one branch pipe close to the horizontal channel, and a gangue transfer belt is installed below the other branch pipe. The screening and distribution mechanism, horizontal conveyor belt, X-ray generator, sensor, gas tank, spray valve, dust collector, clean coal transfer belt and gangue transfer belt are respectively connected to the controller.

2. The coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the sensor detects incoming material, it sends an incoming material signal to the controller. The controller controls the X-ray generator to collect images and sends the data to the controller. The controller processes and compares the received image data and chooses whether to control the spray valve to blow air according to the comparison result. When the spray valve does not blow air, the ore falls into the clean coal transfer belt; when the spray valve blows air, the ore falls into the gangue transfer belt.

3. The coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screening and distribution mechanism can achieve that the particle sizes of the mineral materials are arranged in order from small to large from one side to the other side.

4. The coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The screening and distributing mechanism includes a row of conical barrels, which are arranged at an angle, with the large end located at a high position, and a blanking gap with a gradually increasing groove width is formed between two adjacent conical barrels.

5. The coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screening and distribution mechanism can achieve that the particle sizes of the mineral materials are arranged in order from small to large from both sides toward the middle.

6. The coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The screening and distribution mechanism includes two rows of symmetrically inclined conical barrels. The conical barrels in each row are inclined with the large ends facing outward and located at a high position. A blanking gap with a groove width gradually increasing from the outside to the inside is formed between two adjacent conical barrels in the same row.

7. The coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The cone barrel adopts a fixed structure and utilizes overall vibration to achieve the movement of the ore; or the cone barrel adopts a rotatable structure and two adjacent cone barrels can rotate towards each other.

8. The coal gangue intelligent photoelectric sorting cone barrel screen material distribution device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: When the cone barrel adopts a rotatable structure, its surface is provided with a guide texture that can push the mineral materials to move in an orderly manner on the cone surface during the rotation process.

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