Waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste plastic recovery, and discloses a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device and method.The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device comprises a pre-treatment assembly, a film-forming thermal cracking assembly and a post-treatment assembly which are sequentially communicated; the film-forming cracking assembly comprises a melting module communicated with the pretreatment assembly, and the melting module is communicated with a cracking module used for cracking plastic through a cleaning module; the cracking module comprises a cracking cylinder, a material distribution pipe is rotationally connected into the cracking cylinder, the outer wall of the material distribution pipe communicates with a plurality of spirally arranged flow distribution pipes, and the flow distribution pipes smear molten waste plastics on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder through smearing heads; a spiral scraping and washing plate is arranged on the shunting pipe, the shunting pipe and the scraping and washing plate are arranged in a staggered manner, and the scraping and washing plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cracking cylinder. Modular design is adopted, through cooperative work of all the assemblies, waste plastic treatment can be continuously conducted, the device has the advantages of being high in efficiency, low in energy consumption and long in period operation, equipment faults are reduced, and the device is suitable for recycling of mixed waste plastic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste plastic recycling, and in particular to a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device and method. Background Art

[0002] Plastic is an important organic synthetic polymer material with a wide range of applications, bringing convenience to people's work and life. However, at the same time, the pollution caused by discarded plastics is becoming more and more serious.

[0003] Currently, waste plastics are recycled through incineration for power generation, recycling, and resource recovery. Incineration is a common method, but it can cause serious damage to the surrounding environment and pose a significant risk to the human body.

[0004] Chinese patent number CN202311148258.1 discloses a waste plastic film-forming pyrolysis device and method. By setting up a horizontal film-forming pyrolysis device, since the pyrolysis cylinder of the horizontal film-forming pyrolysis device is set horizontally, the waste plastic film can be evenly attached to the inner wall of the pyrolysis cylinder, thereby enabling the film on the inner wall of the pyrolysis cylinder to be fully pyrolyzed. In addition, a bevel is provided at the edge of the spiral film-forming blade, thereby enabling the paste-like waste plastic to be evenly scraped onto the inner wall of the pyrolysis cylinder better and more smoothly. In addition, a spiral cleaning structure is provided, which allows the cleaning steel brush to clean the carbon powder on the inner wall of the pyrolysis cylinder after pyrolysis into the collection bin, thereby improving production efficiency. However, the molten plastic in this patent enters the pyrolysis cylinder directly, and the lack of a uniform distribution mechanism leads to local accumulation, low heat transfer efficiency, and insufficient plastic cracking.

[0005] Therefore, the present application designs a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device and method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device, comprising a pre-treatment component for treating waste plastic, the pre-treatment component being connected to a film-forming cracking component for cracking the waste plastic, the film-forming cracking component being connected to a post-treatment component for processing cracking products;

[0008] The film-forming pyrolysis component includes a melting module connected to the pre-treatment component. The melting module is connected to a pyrolysis module for pyrolysis of plastics through a cleaning module. After pyrolysis, the waste plastics enter the post-treatment component for treatment.

[0009] The pyrolysis module includes a pyrolysis cylinder, a distribution pipe is coaxially connected to the pyrolysis cylinder, and the outer wall of the distribution pipe is connected to a plurality of spirally arranged diversion pipes, which apply the molten waste plastic to the inner wall of the pyrolysis cylinder through a smearing head;

[0010] The diverter pipe is provided with a spiral scraping plate, the diverter pipe and the scraping plate are staggered, and the scraping plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cracking cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a conical discharge port is provided through the coating head, the inlet end of the discharge port is connected with the outlet of the diversion pipe, and a gap is provided between the discharge port and the inner wall of the cracking cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the scraping plate includes a spirally arranged connecting plate, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the distribution pipe and staggered with the diversion pipe. The end of the connecting plate away from the distribution pipe is fixed with a cleaning plate fixed to the end of the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the melting module includes a melting cylinder connected to the pre-treatment component, a driving shaft is rotatably connected inside the melting cylinder, and a driving spiral plate with a spiral line is provided on the driving shaft. The driving spiral plate pushes the waste plastic to the end of the melting cylinder and introduces it into the feeding pipe through a cleaning module connected to the driving shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the pitch of the pushing spiral plate gradually decreases toward one side of the cleaning module.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the melting cylinder away from the cleaning module is connected to a feed cylinder, and the feed cylinder is connected to the pre-treatment component; a feed shaft that is rotatably connected to the driving shaft is provided in the feed cylinder, and a number of feed rods and feed spirals for auxiliary feeding are provided on the feed shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the cleaning module includes a material guide shaft fixedly connected to the end of the driving shaft, the feed shaft is provided with an aggregate block, the aggregate block is provided with an annular aggregate trough, and the aggregate trough is connected to the inner cavity of the material guide shaft through a plurality of feed holes.

[0017] Preferably, the cleaning module includes an air intake cylinder rotatably mounted on the material guide shaft, the inner cavity of the air intake cylinder is connected to the inner cavity of the material guide shaft through a plurality of air intake holes, and a one-way module is provided in the air intake hole which opens in one direction to the inner cavity of the material guide shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the one-way module includes a blocking block slidably connected to the air inlet hole, a connecting rod is fixed to the blocking block, the connecting rod is slidably connected to a guide cylinder fixed in the air inlet cylinder, and a number of return springs in a stretched state are connected between the guide cylinder and the blocking block.

[0019] The present invention discloses a pyrolysis method based on a waste plastic film-forming thermal pyrolysis device, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The collected waste plastics are pre-processed by the pre-processing component and the waste plastics are crushed;

[0021] The crushed waste plastics are fed into the melting module of the film forming pyrolysis component to heat the waste plastics and melt them into a molten state;

[0022] The molten waste plastic is fed into the distribution pipe of the cracking module through the channel of the cleaning module. The molten waste plastic enters the inside of the diversion pipe and is smeared on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder by the smearing head to form a thin film.

[0023] The plastic film undergoes high-temperature cracking in the cracking cylinder, and the resulting gas products enter the post-processing components for separation and collection;

[0024] The scraper scrapes the solid residue left over from the cracking cylinder and sends it to the post-processing component for recycling;

[0025] After use, high-temperature compressed air is introduced into the cleaning module to clean up the remaining waste plastic for next use.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: the present invention discloses a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device and method, the device is mainly composed of a pre-treatment component, a film-forming cracking component and a post-treatment component, the pre-treatment component is used for the preliminary treatment of waste plastics, the treated waste plastics enter the film-forming cracking component, the film-forming cracking component includes a melting module, a cleaning module and a cracking module, the waste plastics are melted in the melting module, after passing through the cleaning module, they enter the cracking module for cracking, the cracked products enter the post-treatment component for further processing, and the thermal cracking treatment of waste plastics is achieved through the coordinated work of various components; the core components of the cracking module are the cracking cylinder and the distribution pipe, the distribution pipe is coaxially connected to the cracking Inside the cracking cylinder, several diversion pipes connected to its outer wall are distributed in a spiral shape, which can evenly spread the molten waste plastic on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder through the smearing head, greatly increasing the heating area of the waste plastic, enabling the waste plastic to absorb heat more fully, accelerating the thermal cracking reaction, and facilitating the thermal cracking reaction, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the waste plastic; at the same time, the spiral scraping plate arranged on the diversion pipe is staggered with the diversion pipe and in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cracking cylinder, which can scrape and clean the inner wall of the cracking cylinder during the spreading process, preventing plastic residue and coking, and avoiding these impurities from affecting heat transfer and the progress of the cracking reaction, ensuring the stable operation of the device, and facilitating the collection of solid waste remaining from plastic cracking for subsequent recycling.

[0027] The present invention adopts a modular design, and through the coordinated work of various components, the treatment of waste plastics can be carried out continuously. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, and long cycle operation, reduces the occurrence of equipment failures, and is suitable for the recycling of mixed waste plastics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of this application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this application are intended to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the film-forming and cracking assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cracking tube of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the smear head of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air intake cylinder of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the melting cylinder of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0036] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of center C;

[0038] In the figure: 1. Pre-treatment component; 2. Film-forming pyrolysis component; 3. Post-treatment component; 21. Pyrolysis cylinder; 22. Distribution pipe; 23. Diverter pipe; 24. Coating head; 25. Scraping plate; 26. Discharge port; 27. Connecting plate; 28. Cleaning plate; 29. Melting cylinder; 210. Propelling shaft; 211. Propelling spiral plate; 212. Feed cylinder; 213. Feeding shaft; 214. Feeding rod; 215. Feeding spiral plate; 216. Driving gear; 217. Driven gear; 218. Guide shaft; 219. Aggregate block; 220. Aggregate trough; 221. Feed hole; 222. Inlet cylinder; 223. Inlet hole; 224. Inlet pipe; 225. Sealed bearing; 226. Block; 227. Connecting rod; 228. Guide cylinder; 229. Return spring; 230. Drive motor; 231. Waste inlet; 232. Gas discharge pipe; 233. Solid discharge pipe; 234. Filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Reference Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device, comprising a pre-treatment component 1 for treating waste plastics, the pre-treatment component 1 being connected to a film-forming cracking component 2 for cracking the waste plastics, and the film-forming cracking component 2 being connected to a post-treatment component 3 for processing cracking products;

[0042] The film-forming pyrolysis component 2 includes a melting module connected to the pre-treatment component 1. The melting module is connected to a pyrolysis module for pyrolysis of plastics through a cleaning module. After pyrolysis, the waste plastics enter the post-treatment component 3 for treatment.

[0043] The cracking module includes a cracking cylinder 21, in which a distribution pipe 22 is coaxially connected. The outer wall of the distribution pipe 22 is connected to a plurality of spirally arranged diversion pipes 23. The diversion pipes 23 apply the melted waste plastic to the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 through a smearing head 24.

[0044] A spiral scraping plate 25 is provided on the diverter pipe 23 . The diverter pipe 23 and the scraping plate 25 are staggered. The scraping plate 25 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 .

[0045] The present invention discloses a waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device and method. The device mainly consists of a pre-treatment component 1, a film-forming cracking component 2 and a post-treatment component 3. The pre-treatment component 1 is used to perform preliminary treatment on the waste plastic. The treated waste plastic enters the film-forming cracking component 2. The film-forming cracking component 2 includes a melting module, a cleaning module and a cracking module. The waste plastic is melted in the melting module, passes through the cleaning module, enters the cracking module for cracking, and the cracked product enters the post-treatment component 3 for further processing. The thermal cracking treatment of the waste plastic is achieved through the coordinated work of various components. The core components of the cracking module are the cracking cylinder 21 and the distribution pipe 22. The distribution pipe 22 is coaxially connected to the cracking cylinder 21, and its outer wall is connected to several The shunt pipe 23 is spirally distributed, and can evenly spread the molten waste plastic on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 through the smearing head 24, greatly increasing the heated area of the waste plastic, enabling the waste plastic to absorb heat more fully, accelerating the thermal cracking reaction, and facilitating the thermal cracking reaction, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the waste plastic; at the same time, the spiral scraping plate 25 provided on the shunt pipe 23 is staggered with the shunt pipe 23 and in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21, and can scrape and clean the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 during the spreading process, preventing plastic residue and coking, and avoiding these impurities from affecting heat transfer and the progress of the cracking reaction, ensuring the stable operation of the device, and conveniently collecting the solid waste remaining from the plastic cracking for subsequent recycling. The present invention adopts a modular design, and through the coordinated work of each component, the processing of waste plastic can be carried out continuously, with the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, and long cycle operation, reducing the occurrence of equipment failure, and being suitable for the recycling of mixed waste plastics.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present application, the pre-processing component 1 is mainly used to process the collected waste plastics, including but not limited to sorting, cleaning and crushing, to facilitate subsequent processing; this is an existing conventional technical means and will not be repeated here.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, the post-processing component 3 includes a solid collection module and a gas collection module. The solid collection module is used to collect the solid residues produced by cracking, mainly carbon black, to improve the utilization value; while the gas collection module collects the combustible gas produced by cracking, which is convenient for subsequent production of fuel after condensation and separation.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of heating modules are embedded in the cracking cylinder 21 to provide high temperature for cracking the plastic.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, heating modules are also provided on the distribution pipe 22 and the diversion pipe 23 to maintain the molten state of the plastic.

[0050] As a further optimization, a conical discharge port 26 is formed through the smear head 24. The inlet end of the discharge port 26 has a small diameter that communicates with the outlet of the diverter tube 23, and a gap is provided between the discharge port 26 and the inner wall of the cracking barrel 21. When the molten waste plastic enters the conical discharge port 26 of the smear head 24 from the diverter tube 23, the small diameter of the inlet end exerts a certain pressure on the waste plastic, causing it to be evenly extruded, forming a thin film in the gap in the inner wall of the cracking barrel 21. This facilitates the uniform discharge of the molten waste plastic. The gap between the inlet end and the inner wall of the cracking barrel 21 facilitates the formation of a uniform film, increases the thermal cracking reaction area, and improves the thermal cracking effect and product quality.

[0051] In a further optimization scheme, the scraping plate 25 includes a spirally arranged connecting plate 27, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the distribution pipe 22 and staggered with the diverter pipe 23. A cleaning plate 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting plate 27, which is fixed to the end of the connecting plate 27, away from the distribution pipe 22. When the distribution pipe 22 rotates, it drives the connecting plate 27 to rotate. The cleaning plate 28 on the connecting plate 27 rotates with it, scraping the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 and scraping off the remaining waste plastic. This can effectively clean the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21, prevent waste plastic from remaining and coking, ensure the cleanliness of the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21, maintain cracking efficiency, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, the width of the cleaning plate 28 is greater than the thickness of the connecting plate 27 , forming a T-shaped cross-section, which facilitates cleaning the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 .

[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, blade-shaped structures are provided on both sides of the cleaning plate 28 to improve the cleaning effect.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, a gas discharge pipe 232 is provided at the end of the cracking cylinder 21 for discharging the combustible gas generated by cracking to facilitate collection by the gas collection module.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, a filter 234 is provided in the gas exhaust pipe 232 to filter the generated gas.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present application, a solid discharge pipe 233 is provided at the end of the cracking cylinder 21 to facilitate the discharge and storage of solid residues generated by cracking and to facilitate collection by the solid collection module.

[0057] To further optimize the solution, the melting module includes a melting barrel 29 connected to the pre-treatment component 1. A driving shaft 210 is rotatably connected to the melting barrel 29. A driving spiral plate 211 with a spiral line is provided on the driving shaft 210. The driving spiral plate 211 pushes the waste plastic to the end of the melting barrel 29 and is introduced into the distribution pipe 22 through a cleaning module that is transmission-connected to the driving shaft 210. After the pre-treatment, the waste plastic enters the melting barrel 29. The rotation of the driving shaft 210 drives the driving spiral plate 211 to rotate, pushing the waste plastic along the axial direction of the melting barrel 29, causing it to gradually melt during the movement. Finally, it enters the distribution pipe 22 through the cleaning module, realizing continuous transportation and melting of the waste plastic in the melting barrel 29, ensuring a stable supply of raw materials for the cracking module, improving melting efficiency and quality, and providing good conditions for subsequent cracking.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present application, the driving shaft 210 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 230 to serve as the moving power for the waste plastics.

[0059] A further optimization scheme is to gradually reduce the pitch of spiral plate 211 toward the cleaning module. As spiral plate 211 rotates, the pitch gradually decreases, increasing the extrusion force on the waste plastics. This allows the waste plastics to accumulate more densely and fully melt near the cleaning module. Adjusting the propulsion speed and extrusion force of the waste plastics allows for more uniform heating, improved melting quality, and a stable state of the raw materials entering the cracking module, facilitating subsequent cracking reactions.

[0060] In a further optimization scheme, the end of the melting barrel 29 away from the cleaning module is connected to a feed barrel 212, which is in communication with the pre-processing assembly 1. A feed shaft 213, which is in rotation with the drive shaft 210, is rotatably connected to the feed barrel 212. The feed shaft 213 is equipped with several feed rods 214 and feed spirals 215 to assist in feeding the waste plastic after being processed by the pre-processing assembly 1. The waste plastic after being processed by the pre-processing assembly 1 enters the feed barrel 212 through the waste inlet 231. The feed shaft 213 rotates, and the feed rods 214 and feed spirals 215 push the waste plastic into the melting barrel 29. Simultaneously, the drive shaft 210 drives the drive spiral 211 to rotate. These two working together improve feeding efficiency, prevent waste plastic from clogging during the feeding process, and ensure continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present application, a driving gear 216 is provided on the driving shaft 210 , and the driving gear 216 is engaged with a driven gear 217 to drive the feeding shaft 213 to rotate.

[0062] A further optimized solution includes a guide shaft 218 fixed to the end of the driving shaft 210. A collection block 219 is provided on the feed shaft 213. The collection block 219 has an annular collection trough 220 formed on the collection block 219. The collection trough 220 is connected to the inner cavity of the guide shaft 218 through a plurality of feed holes 221. The rotation of the driving shaft 210 drives the guide shaft 218 to rotate. The collection block 219 on the feed shaft 213 rotates with the feed shaft 213. The molten waste plastic with increased pressure enters the collection trough 220, is guided into the inner cavity of the guide shaft 218 through the feed holes 221, and then enters the distribution pipe 22. This achieves precise transfer of the waste plastic from the feed barrel 212 to the distribution pipe 22, ensures that the waste plastic enters the cracking module smoothly, and improves the consistency and efficiency of the entire processing process.

[0063] To further optimize the solution, the cleaning module includes an air inlet cylinder 222 that is rotatably mounted on the guide shaft 218. The inner cavity of the air inlet cylinder 222 is connected to the inner cavity of the guide shaft 218 through a plurality of air inlet holes 223. A one-way module is installed in the air inlet holes 223 to open the inner cavity of the guide shaft 218 in one direction. The air inlet cylinder 222 is connected to the air source through the air inlet pipe 224, so that the air inlet cylinder 222 and the guide shaft 218 can achieve rotational ventilation when they rotate relative to each other. When necessary, external air enters the inner cavity of the guide shaft 218 through the air inlet holes 223. The one-way module ensures a one-way flow of gas, preventing the backflow of waste plastics. Gas can be introduced to clean and protect the interior of the device, maintaining the cleanliness of the device, preventing impurities from affecting the cracking process, and ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0064] A further optimized solution is that the one-way module includes a blocking block 226 that is slidably connected to the air inlet 223. A connecting rod 227 is fixed to the blocking block 226. The connecting rod 227 is slidably connected to a guide cylinder 228 fixed to the air inlet cylinder 222. A number of return springs 229 are connected in a stretched state between the guide cylinder 228 and the blocking block 226. When air is admitted, the pressure in the cavity of the air inlet cylinder 222 increases. The gas pressure pushes the blocking block 226 to overcome the elastic force of the return springs 229, causing the air inlet 223 to open and allow air to enter the cavity of the guide shaft 218. After the air is admitted, the return spring 229 resets the blocking block 226, closing the air inlet 223 and preventing the backflow of waste plastic. This ensures one-way gas flow, effectively preventing waste plastic and other materials from backflowing and clogging the air inlet 223, ensuring a good cleaning effect and improving the reliability and stability of the device.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, the blocking block 226 is designed to be conical, which can compress the blocking block 226 when waste plastics circulate, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0066] The present invention discloses a pyrolysis method based on a waste plastic film-forming thermal pyrolysis device, comprising the following steps:

[0067] The collected waste plastics are pre-treated and crushed by the pre-treatment component 1. The collected waste plastics may be of various shapes and sizes. The pre-treatment component 1 sorts, cleans and crushes them, and can break large pieces of waste plastics into smaller particles, which not only facilitates the subsequent transportation and processing in the film forming and cracking component 2, but also increases the specific surface area of the waste plastics, so that they are heated more evenly during the melting and cracking process, thereby improving the processing efficiency and effect.

[0068] The crushed waste plastic is fed into the melting module of the film-forming and cracking assembly 2, where the waste plastic is heated and melted into a molten state; the crushed waste plastic enters the melting cylinder 29 of the melting module, and a pushing screw plate 211 is provided on the driving shaft 210 rotatably connected in the melting cylinder 29. During the rotation process, the pushing screw plate 211 pushes the waste plastic along the axial direction of the melting cylinder 29, so that it gradually approaches the cleaning module during the movement process; on the other hand, during the pushing process, the waste plastic rubs against the cylinder wall and itself, and is heated externally, thereby gradually melting into a molten state, thereby ensuring the continuous advancement of the waste plastic in the melting process and improving the melting efficiency;

[0069] The molten waste plastic is fed into the distribution pipe 22 of the cracking module through the channel of the cleaning module, and the molten waste plastic enters the inside of the diversion pipe 23 and is smeared on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 by the smearing head 24 to form a thin film; the molten waste plastic first enters the cleaning module, and the guide shaft 218 in the cleaning module is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 210. The collecting block 219 on the feeding shaft 213 guides the waste plastic into the inner cavity of the guide shaft 218 through the collecting groove 220 and the feeding hole 221, and then feeds it into the distribution pipe 22 of the cracking module; the outer wall of the distribution pipe 22 is connected to a plurality of spirally arranged diversion pipes 23. After the molten waste plastic enters the diversion pipe 23, it is evenly smeared on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder 21 through the tapered discharge port 26 on the smearing head 24 to form a thin film, thereby increasing the heating area of the waste plastic and facilitating the subsequent thermal cracking reaction to proceed more fully;

[0070] The plastic film undergoes high-temperature cracking in the cracking cylinder 21, forming gaseous products that enter the post-processing component 3 for separation and collection. The plastic film undergoes rapid thermal cracking reaction in the high-temperature environment, and the gaseous products generated by the cracking are discharged from the cracking cylinder 21 and enter the post-processing component 3. The post-processing component 3 is specifically used to separate and collect these cracking products. It can separate gas, liquid and solid products of different components, realize resource recycling and improve the environmental protection and economic efficiency of the entire treatment process.

[0071] The scraper plate 25 scrapes the solid residue remaining after pyrolysis from the pyrolysis cylinder 21 and sends it to the post-processing assembly 3 for recycling. The scraper plate 25 is composed of a spiral connecting plate 27 and a cleaning plate 28. It is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the distribution pipe 22 and is arranged offset from the diversion pipe 23. When the distribution pipe 22 rotates, the scraper plate 25 rotates accordingly, sliding in contact with the inner wall of the pyrolysis cylinder 21, scraping the solid matter remaining after pyrolysis and sending it to the post-processing assembly 3 through the channel inside the device, further realizing resource recycling and reducing waste generation.

[0072] After use, high-temperature compressed air is introduced from the cleaning module to clean up the remaining waste plastics for the next use; the air inlet cylinder 222 in the cleaning module is sleeved on the guide shaft 218, and the inner cavity of the air inlet cylinder 222 is connected with the inner cavity of the guide shaft 218 through the air inlet hole 223. The one-way module in the air inlet hole 223 ensures the one-way flow of gas. After the waste plastics are processed, high-temperature compressed air is introduced, and the air enters the guide shaft 218 from the air inlet cylinder 222, and then the interior of the entire device is cleaned, and the remaining waste plastics are blown out of the device to avoid the remaining waste plastics affecting the processing effect during the next use. At the same time, it can also prevent the remaining waste plastics from deteriorating and coking in the device, thereby extending the service life of the device.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device, characterized by: The invention comprises a pre-treatment component (1) for treating waste plastics, wherein the pre-treatment component (1) is connected to a film-forming cracking component (2) for cracking the waste plastics, and the film-forming cracking component (2) is connected to a post-treatment component (3) for processing cracking products; The film-forming pyrolysis component (2) comprises a melting module connected to the pre-treatment component (1), the melting module being connected to a pyrolysis module for pyrolyzing plastics through a cleaning module, and the waste plastics enter the post-treatment component (3) for treatment after pyrolysis; The cracking module comprises a cracking cylinder (21), a distribution pipe (22) is coaxially connected to the cracking cylinder (21), the outer wall of the distribution pipe (22) is connected to a plurality of spirally arranged shunt pipes (23), and the shunt pipes (23) smear the molten waste plastic on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder (21) through a smearing head (24); A spiral scraping plate (25) is provided on the diverter tube (23), the diverter tube (23) and the scraping plate (25) are staggered, and the scraping plate (25) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cracking cylinder (21).

2. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smearing head (24) is provided with a conical discharge port (26), the inlet end of the discharge port (26) is connected to the outlet of the diversion pipe (23) with a small diameter, and a gap is set between the discharge port (26) and the inner wall of the cracking cylinder (21).

3. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping plate (25) includes a spirally arranged connecting plate (27), the connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the distribution pipe (22) and is staggered with the diversion pipe (23), and a cleaning plate (28) fixedly connected to the end of the connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate (27) away from the distribution pipe (22).

4. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting module comprises a melting barrel (29) connected to the pre-treatment assembly (1), a driving shaft (210) being rotatably connected in the melting barrel (29), a driving spiral plate (211) having a spiral line being provided on the driving shaft (210), and the driving spiral plate (211) pushing the waste plastic to the end of the melting barrel (29) and introducing the waste plastic into the distribution pipe (22) through a cleaning module connected to the driving shaft (210) by transmission.

5. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pitch of the pushing spiral plate (211) gradually decreases toward one side of the cleaning module.

6. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the melting cylinder (29) away from the cleaning module is connected to a feed cylinder (212), and the feed cylinder (212) is connected to the pre-treatment component (1); a feed shaft (213) that is rotatably connected to the feed cylinder (212) and is transmission-connected to the driving shaft (210) is provided on the feed shaft (213) with a plurality of auxiliary feeding feed rods (214) and feeding spirals (215).

7. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning module includes a material guide shaft (218) fixedly connected to the end of the driving shaft (210), a material collection block (219) is provided on the feeding shaft (213), and a ring-shaped material collection trough (220) is provided on the material collection block (219). The material collection trough (220) is connected to the inner cavity of the material guide shaft (218) through a plurality of feed holes (221).

8. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cleaning module comprises an air intake cylinder (222) rotatably sleeved on the material guide shaft (218); the inner cavity of the air intake cylinder (222) is connected to the inner cavity of the material guide shaft (218) through a plurality of air intake holes (223); a one-way module is provided in the air intake hole (223) and is opened in one direction toward the inner cavity of the material guide shaft (218).

9. The waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-way module includes a blocking block (226) slidably connected to the air inlet (223), a connecting rod (227) fixed to the blocking block (226), the connecting rod (227) being slidably connected to a guide cylinder (228) fixed to the air inlet cylinder (222), and a plurality of return springs (229) in a stretched state being connected between the guide cylinder (228) and the blocking block (226).

10. A waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking method, based on the waste plastic film-forming thermal cracking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Pre-processing the collected waste plastics through a pre-processing component (1) to crush the waste plastics; The crushed waste plastics are fed into the melting module of the film-forming cracking component (2) to heat the waste plastics and melt them into a molten state; The molten waste plastic is fed into the distribution pipe (22) of the cracking module through the channel of the cleaning module, and the molten waste plastic enters the inside of the diversion pipe (23) and is smeared on the inner wall of the cracking cylinder (21) by the smearing head (24) to form a thin film; The plastic film is cracked at high temperature in the cracking cylinder (21), and the gas products are sent to the post-processing component (3) for separation and collection; The scraper (25) scrapes the solid residue left after cracking from the cracking cylinder (21) and sends it to the post-processing component (3) for recycling; After use, high-temperature compressed air is introduced into the cleaning module to clean up the remaining waste plastic for next use.

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