Photovoltaic system parameter calculation method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic system parameter calculation method and device, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic data acquisition. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining structure parameters and arrangement parameters of a photovoltaic panel, and calculating the width of a shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and a solar altitude angle; if it is determined that the line spacing is larger than or equal to the shadow width, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated according to the structure parameters, the arrangement parameters and the solar altitude angle; and according to the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, the solar radiation amount, the solar incident angle and the ground reflectivity, calculating to obtain the total radiation amount which can be received by the photovoltaic panel, and determining the total shadow area and the total radiation amount as photovoltaic system parameters. The device executes the method. According to the method and the device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the scientificity of photovoltaic power station design and the accuracy of generating capacity prediction can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic data acquisition, and in particular to a photovoltaic system parameter calculation method and device. Background Art

[0002] Calculating radiation and analyzing shadows for photovoltaic systems are core components of power plant design and energy generation forecasting, but existing technologies still have significant limitations in refining these calculations. First, geometric modeling of shadow dynamics is insufficient. Most methods rely on two-dimensional projections or fixed-row spacing assumptions, failing to account for the dynamic coupling between the PV array's tilt angle and row spacing. This leads to distorted calculations of overlapping shadow areas between adjacent rows. In regions with large tilt angles or at low latitudes, traditional methods overestimate shadow areas by 20% to 30%, resulting in a waste of land resources. Second, most radiation models ignore or simplify ground-reflected radiation, failing to quantify the difference in ground reflection between shadowed and unshaded areas. In scenarios with high reflectivity, such as snow and sand, ignoring the reflected component can result in errors exceeding 8% in total radiation calculations. Furthermore, existing tools typically treat sun position, shadowing, and radiation decomposition as separate modules, lacking dynamic multi-physics coupling. This leads to distorted radiation predictions at the edges of the array, making power plant layout optimization reliant on trial-and-error, making it difficult to achieve a global optimal balance between power generation efficiency and land use.

[0003] The root cause of these problems lies in the fact that existing technologies use static models, while radiation calculation and shadow analysis of photovoltaic systems require real-time linkage. Secondly, they fail to integrate geographic parameters, structural parameters, and radiation physics models into a unified framework. Furthermore, existing methods rely on empirical assumptions rather than derivations based on geometric and optical theory, failing to comprehensively consider the following factors:

[0004] (1) Dynamic changes in the sun's position over time and geographical location;

[0005] (2) The impact of panel tilt and spacing on shadow overlap;

[0006] (3) Contribution of ground reflected radiation to photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for calculating photovoltaic system parameters, which can at least partially solve the problems in the prior art.

[0008] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating photovoltaic system parameters, comprising:

[0009] Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0010] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0011] If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle;

[0012] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0013] The structural parameters include the length of the photovoltaic panel, and the layout parameters also include the number of photovoltaic panel rows in the photovoltaic array. Accordingly, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated based on the structural parameters, the layout parameters, and the solar altitude angle, including:

[0014] Calculating the length of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the length of the photovoltaic panel, the solar altitude angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel;

[0015] The total shadow area is calculated according to the number of photovoltaic panel rows, the shadow length, and the shadow width.

[0016] The step of calculating the length of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the length of the photovoltaic panel, the solar altitude angle, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel includes:

[0017] The shadow length is calculated according to the following formula:

[0018] L shadow =L·|cos(Δε)|

[0019] Δε=|ɑ-β|

[0020] Among them, L shadow is the shadow length, L is the length of the photovoltaic panel, ɑ is the solar altitude angle, and β is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Wherein, the structural parameters also include the width of the photovoltaic panel; accordingly, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation method also includes:

[0022] If it is determined that the line spacing is less than the shadow width, the total shadow area is calculated according to the following formula:

[0023] W shodow -(N-1)(D+W·cosβ)

[0024] Among them, Wshadow is the shadow width, N is the number of photovoltaic panel rows in the photovoltaic array, D is the row spacing, W is the photovoltaic panel width, and β is the photovoltaic panel inclination angle.

[0025] The solar radiation includes direct solar radiation and scattered solar radiation. Accordingly, the total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, including:

[0026] Calculating the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel based on the solar incident angle and the direct solar radiation;

[0027] Calculating the solar scattered radiation that can be received by the photovoltaic panel according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel and the amount of solar scattered radiation;

[0028] Calculating the ground reflected radiation amount that the photovoltaic panel can receive based on the ground reflectivity, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, the direct solar radiation, and the scattered solar radiation;

[0029] The total radiation amount that can be received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the direct solar radiation, the scattered solar radiation and the ground reflected radiation.

[0030] The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method further includes:

[0031] The corresponding radiation reaching the ground and the radiation reflected by the ground are calculated based on the non-shadow area and the shadow area respectively.

[0032] In one aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic system parameter calculation device, comprising:

[0033] An acquisition unit is used to obtain structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0034] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0035] a first calculation unit, configured to calculate a total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the arrangement parameters, and the solar altitude angle if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width;

[0036] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the total radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and determine the total shadow area and the total radiation as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0037] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the following method is implemented:

[0038] Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0039] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0040] If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle;

[0041] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0042] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, including:

[0043] The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following method is implemented:

[0044] Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0045] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0046] If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle;

[0047] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0048] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the following method:

[0049] Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0050] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0051] If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle;

[0052] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0053] The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method and device provided by the embodiment of the present invention obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the shadow width formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; wherein the layout parameters include row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panel and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, and the row spacing is the projection distance of the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground; if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle; the total radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive is calculated according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, the solar radiation, the solar incidence angle and the ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters. Through the closed-loop calculation framework of the accurately acquired solar position information, the shadow projection geometric relationship and the radiation component decomposition algorithm, high-precision and fully coupled photovoltaic system parameter calculation is achieved, which is helpful for subsequent radiation calculation and shadow analysis, and improves the scientific nature of photovoltaic power station design and the accuracy of power generation prediction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a photovoltaic system parameter calculation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a photovoltaic system parameter calculation method provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the geometry of photovoltaic array projection and photovoltaic shadow overlap determination provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram illustrating a radiation component decomposition model provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram illustrating ground radiation distribution and shadow area provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation height and size of photovoltaic panels in a photovoltaic power station provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic system parameter calculation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other in any manner.

[0064] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic system parameter calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0065] Step S1: Obtaining the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculating the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0066] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0067] Step S2: If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated based on the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle.

[0068] Step S3: Calculate the total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and determine the total shadow area and the total radiation as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0069] In the above step S1, the device obtains the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculates the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0070] The arrangement parameters include row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projected distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground. The device can be a computer device that executes the method. The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application comply with relevant regulations. The solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle can be calculated based on a pre-established solar position model.

[0071] The specific instructions are as follows:

[0072] The declination angle δ is calculated based on the annual cumulative number of days n. The specific formula is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Where n is the day of the year. For example, if it is January 1, 2025, the value is 1.

[0075] Calculate the solar altitude angle α and solar azimuth angle γ using the local latitude φ and hour angle h. h = (solar time - 12) × 15°. Correct the solar time based on the accuracy and time zone.

[0076] sinα=sinφsinδ+cosφcosδcosh.

[0077]

[0078] Traditional solar position models suffer from simplification flaws. They often use fixed-date or average solar trajectory data, failing to dynamically calculate solar altitude and azimuth angles based on latitude, longitude, and real-time parameters. This can lead to amplified errors in high-latitude regions or during seasonal transitions. Furthermore, some commercial software ignores time zone and true solar time corrections when calculating hour angles, further introducing systematic biases.

[0079] The specific calculation process is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the time t can be specifically solar time.

[0080] like Figure 3As shown, the structural parameters of the photovoltaic panels may include a photovoltaic panel length L of each photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic panel width W of each photovoltaic panel, assuming that all photovoltaic panels have the same size.

[0081] The arrangement parameters of the photovoltaic panels may include the photovoltaic panel inclination angle β of each photovoltaic panel and the photovoltaic panel height ΔH of each photovoltaic panel, wherein ΔH=H top -H bottom , the details are as follows:

[0082] H top H is the vertical height of the upper edge of the photovoltaic panel from the ground. bottom It is the vertical height of the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel from the ground.

[0083] Photovoltaic panels can be arranged in rows, and the row spacing refers to the row spacing between photovoltaic panels arranged in one row, that is, Figure 3 The line spacing D in .

[0084] The step of calculating the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle includes:

[0085] The shadow width is calculated according to the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, W shadow is the shadow width.

[0088] In step S2, if the device determines that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, the device calculates the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array based on the structural parameters, the layout parameters, and the solar altitude angle. The structural parameters include the length of the photovoltaic panels, and the layout parameters also include the number of rows of photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array. Referring to the above description, taking a row of photovoltaic arrays as an example, i.e., a row of photovoltaic panels, the product of the number of photovoltaic panel rows and the number of photovoltaic panels arranged in a row constitutes the photovoltaic array, i.e., the number of photovoltaic panel rows represents the number of rows in the photovoltaic array.

[0089] Accordingly, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated based on the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle, including:

[0090] Calculating the length of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the length of the photovoltaic panel, the solar altitude angle, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; calculating the length of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the length of the photovoltaic panel, the solar altitude angle, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel includes:

[0091] The shadow length is calculated according to the following formula:

[0092] L shadow =L·|cos(Δε)|

[0093] Δε=|α-β|

[0094] Among them, L shadow is the shadow length, L is the length of the photovoltaic panel, α is the solar altitude angle, and β is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel. shadow It corresponds to the length of the shadow formed by a row of photovoltaic arrays on the ground. Similarly, W shadow It corresponds to the width of the shadow formed by a row of photovoltaic arrays on the ground.

[0095] The total shadow area is calculated based on the number of rows of photovoltaic panels, the shadow length and the shadow width. When the photovoltaic array is a single row and the shadow width is less than or equal to the row spacing, the shadow area A of the photovoltaic panel is shadow Calculated according to the following formula:

[0096] A shadow =L shadow W shadow

[0097] The total shadow area is calculated according to the following formula:

[0098] N×L shadow ×W shadow

[0099] Wherein, N is the number of rows of photovoltaic panels.

[0100] The structural parameters also include the width of the photovoltaic panel; accordingly, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation method also includes:

[0101] If it is determined that the line spacing is less than the shadow width, the total shadow area is calculated according to the following formula:

[0102] W shadow -(N-1)(D+W·cosβ)

[0103] Among them, W shadow is the shadow width, N is the number of photovoltaic panel rows in the photovoltaic array, D is the row spacing, W is the photovoltaic panel width, and β is the photovoltaic panel inclination angle. Figure 3 , where the total shadow area corresponds to the “effective shadow length” and the number of PV panel rows in the PV array corresponds to the “number of overlapping rows”.

[0104] Figure 3 Figure a in the figure illustrates the geometric relationship of the shadow projection of the photovoltaic panel. Figure 3Figure b shows the key parameters such as panel height and shadow projection length in the left view. Figure 3 Figure c in the figure further explains the judgment criteria and correction methods for shadow overlap.

[0105] In step S3, the device calculates the total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle, and ground reflectivity, and determines the total shadow area and the total radiation as photovoltaic system parameters. The solar incidence angle θ can be expressed and calculated according to the following formula:

[0106] cosθ=sinαcosβ+cosαsinβcos(γ-ψ)

[0107] Among them, γ is the solar azimuth angle, and ψ is the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel (usually 180 degrees for the south direction).

[0108] The solar radiation includes direct solar radiation and scattered solar radiation. Accordingly, the total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, including:

[0109] like Figure 4 As shown, the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated according to the solar incident angle and the direct solar radiation; the direct solar radiation reaching the photovoltaic panel is calculated according to the following formula G direct，tilt :

[0110] G direct,tilt =G direct max(cosθ,0)

[0111] Among them, G direct is the direct solar radiation.

[0112] The solar scattered radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle and the solar scattered radiation amount; the solar scattered radiation G is calculated based on the following formula diffuse，tilt :

[0113]

[0114] Among them, G diffuse The solar scattered radiation amount can be calculated according to the existing isotropic model.

[0115] The ground reflected radiation amount that the photovoltaic panel can receive is calculated based on the ground reflectivity, the photovoltaic panel inclination, the direct solar radiation and the scattered solar radiation; the radiation amount reflected from the ground to the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the following formula, that is, the reflection contribution G reflected，tilt:

[0116]

[0117] Wherein, ρ is the ground reflectivity.

[0118] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the direct solar radiation, the scattered solar radiation and the ground reflected radiation. The total radiation G is calculated according to the following formula: tilt :

[0119] G tilt =G direct，tilt +G diffuse，tilt +G reflected，tilt .

[0120] The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method further includes:

[0121] The corresponding radiation reaching the ground and the radiation reflected by the ground are calculated based on the non-shadow area and the shadow area respectively.

[0122] Distinguish the ground radiation G in the non-shadow area ground，non-shadow and the ground radiation G in the shadow area ground，shadow ; Quantify the amount of radiation reflected from the ground to the photovoltaic panel.

[0123] Corresponding to the radiation reaching the ground and being a non-shadow area, the ground radiation G in the non-shadow area is calculated according to the following formula ground，non-shadow :

[0124] G ground，non-shadow =G direct +G diffuse .

[0125] Corresponding to the radiation reaching the ground and being in the shadow area, the ground radiation G in the shadow area is calculated according to the following formula ground，shadow :

[0126] G ground,shadow =G diffuse .

[0127] Corresponding to the radiation reflected from the ground and in the non-shadow area, the ground radiation G in the non-shadow area is calculated according to the following formula reflected,non-shadow :

[0128] G reflected,non-shadow =(G direct +G diffuse )·ρ.

[0129] Corresponding to the radiation reflected from the ground and in the shadow area, the ground radiation G in the shadow area is calculated according to the following formula reflected,shadow :

[0130] G reflected,shadow =Gdiffuse ·ρ.

[0131] like Figure 5 As shown, the description is as follows:

[0132] The entire measurement space is divided into two non-overlapping areas: the shadow area and the non-shadow area. The shadow area is rectangular with a width of W and a length of L. There is only diffuse radiation component G in the shadow area. diffuse , does not receive any direct light, and the light characteristics are completely determined by the ambient scattered light and the diffuse reflection characteristics of the photovoltaic panel material; there is also a direct light radiation component G in the non-shadow area direct and diffuse radiation component G diffuse , totaling G direct +G diffuse , the area receives direct illumination from the light source and ambient scattered light; then a reflected radiation measurement mechanism is set up to capture the radiation characteristics in the two areas, and measurements are made inside the shadow area and to the right of the non-shadow area; then the radiation values of the shadow area and the non-shadow area are measured and recorded, and the radiation values of the shadow area and the non-shadow area are compared by G diffuse With G direct +G diffuse The numerical difference of the direct lighting component G is calculated direct Finally, according to the measurement results, the formula λ=(G direct +G diffuse ) / G diffuse Calculate the illumination coefficient λ to assess the contribution of direct illumination to the overall radiation.

[0133] Taking a photovoltaic power station as an example, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described as follows:

[0134] The longitude and latitude coordinates of the photovoltaic power station are 44.41N, 87.66E. In order to calculate the radiation components and the shadow area, the relevant calculation parameters such as the installation height and inclination of the photovoltaic panels are given. Figure 6 shown.

[0135] To calculate radiation components and shadow area, using this photovoltaic power station as an example, four specific dates were selected for calculation in 2023: the Spring Equinox (March 21, 79 days per year), the Summer Solstice (June 21, 171 days per year), the Autumnal Equinox (September 23, 265 days per year), and the Winter Solstice (December 22, 355 days per year). This facilitated comparison of radiation components and shadow area. For ease of analysis, a photovoltaic array within the photovoltaic power station was selected as the research object, and parameters such as radiation and shadow area were calculated. The actual length of the selected photovoltaic array was 83 meters, and specific calculation results were obtained.

[0136] The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention obtains the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculates the shadow width formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; wherein the layout parameters include row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panel and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, and the row spacing is the projection distance of the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground; if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle; the total radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive is calculated according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, the solar radiation, the solar incidence angle and the ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters. Through the closed-loop calculation framework of the accurately acquired solar position information, the shadow projection geometric relationship and the radiation component decomposition algorithm, high-precision and fully coupled photovoltaic system parameter calculation is achieved, which is helpful for subsequent radiation calculation and shadow analysis, and improves the scientific nature of photovoltaic power station design and the accuracy of power generation prediction.

[0137] Furthermore, the structural parameters include the length of the photovoltaic panel, and the layout parameters also include the number of photovoltaic panel rows in the photovoltaic array; accordingly, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated based on the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle, including:

[0138] The length of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground is calculated according to the length of the photovoltaic panel, the solar altitude angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; the description can be made with reference to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0139] The total shadow area is calculated based on the number of photovoltaic panel rows, the shadow length, and the shadow width.

[0140] Furthermore, the calculating of the shadow length of the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the photovoltaic panel length, the solar altitude angle, and the photovoltaic panel inclination angle includes:

[0141] The shadow length is calculated according to the following formula:

[0142] L shadow =L·|cos(Δε)|

[0143] Δε=|ɑ-β|

[0144] Among them, L shadow is the shadow length, L is the length of the photovoltaic panel, ɑ is the solar altitude angle, and β is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel. The above embodiments can be referred to for explanation and will not be repeated here.

[0145] Furthermore, the structural parameters also include the width of the photovoltaic panel; accordingly, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation method also includes:

[0146] If it is determined that the line spacing is less than the shadow width, the total shadow area is calculated according to the following formula:

[0147] W shadow -(N-1)(D+W·cosβ)

[0148] Among them, W shadow is the shadow width, N is the number of photovoltaic panel rows in the photovoltaic array, D is the row spacing, W is the photovoltaic panel width, and β is the photovoltaic panel inclination angle.

[0149] Furthermore, the solar radiation includes direct solar radiation and scattered solar radiation; accordingly, the total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, including:

[0150] The direct solar radiation that can be received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the solar incident angle and the direct solar radiation amount; the above description can be referred to the embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0151] The solar scattered radiation that can be received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle and the solar scattered radiation amount; the above-mentioned embodiment can be referred to for explanation and will not be repeated here.

[0152] The ground reflected radiation amount that the photovoltaic panel can receive is calculated based on the ground reflectivity, the photovoltaic panel inclination, the direct solar radiation and the scattered solar radiation; the above-mentioned embodiment can be referred to for description and will not be repeated here.

[0153] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the direct solar radiation, the scattered solar radiation and the ground reflected radiation.

[0154] Furthermore, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation method further includes:

[0155] The corresponding radiation amount reaching the ground and the radiation amount reflected by the ground are calculated based on the non-shadow area and the shadow area, respectively.

[0156] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system parameter calculation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes an acquisition unit 701, a first calculation unit 702 and a second calculation unit 703, wherein:

[0157] The acquisition unit 701 is used to obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; wherein the layout parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panel and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, and the row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground; the first calculation unit 702 is used to calculate the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width; the second calculation unit 703 is used to calculate the total radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and determine the total shadow area and the total radiation as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0158] Specifically, the acquisition unit 701 in the device is used to obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; wherein the layout parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panel and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, and the row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground; the first calculation unit 702 is used to calculate the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width; the second calculation unit 703 is used to calculate the total radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and determine the total shadow area and the total radiation as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0159] The photovoltaic system parameter calculation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention obtains the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculates the shadow width formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; wherein the layout parameters include row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panel and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, and the row spacing is the projection distance of the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground; if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle; the total radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive is calculated according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, the solar radiation, the solar incidence angle and the ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters. Through the closed-loop calculation framework of the accurately acquired solar position information, the shadow projection geometric relationship and the radiation component decomposition algorithm, high-precision and fully coupled photovoltaic system parameter calculation is achieved, which is helpful for subsequent radiation calculation and shadow analysis, and improves the scientific nature of photovoltaic power station design and the accuracy of power generation prediction.

[0160] The photovoltaic system parameter calculation device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to execute the processing flow of the above-mentioned method embodiments. Its functions are not described in detail here, and reference can be made to the detailed description of the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0161] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the computer device includes: a memory 801, a processor 802, and a computer program stored in the memory 801 and executable on the processor 802. When the processor 802 executes the computer program, the following method is implemented:

[0162] Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0163] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0164] If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle;

[0165] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0166] This embodiment discloses a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following method is implemented:

[0167] Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0168] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0169] If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle;

[0170] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0171] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following method is implemented:

[0172] Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle;

[0173] The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground.

[0174] If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle;

[0175] The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

[0176] Compared with the technical solutions in the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a photovoltaic system parameter calculation method, which obtains the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculates the shadow width formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; wherein the layout parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panel and the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, and the row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground; if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle; the total radiation that can be received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, the solar radiation, the solar incidence angle and the ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters. Through the closed-loop calculation framework of the accurately acquired solar position information, the shadow projection geometric relationship and the radiation component decomposition algorithm, high-precision and fully coupled photovoltaic system parameter calculation is achieved, which is helpful for subsequent radiation calculation and shadow analysis, and improves the scientific nature of photovoltaic power station design and the accuracy of power generation prediction.

[0177] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0178] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0179] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0180] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0181] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "a specific embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0182] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic system parameter calculation method, characterized in that: include: Obtain the structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground based on the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground. If it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width, then calculating the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the layout parameters and the solar altitude angle; The total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and the total shadow area and the total radiation are determined as photovoltaic system parameters.

2. The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural parameters include the length of the photovoltaic panel, and the layout parameters also include the number of photovoltaic panel rows in the photovoltaic array. Accordingly, the total shadow area of the photovoltaic array is calculated based on the structural parameters, the layout parameters, and the solar altitude angle, including: Calculating the length of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the length of the photovoltaic panel, the solar altitude angle and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel; The total shadow area is calculated according to the number of photovoltaic panel rows, the shadow length, and the shadow width.

3. The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of calculating the length of a shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the length of the photovoltaic panel, the solar altitude angle, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel includes: The shadow length is calculated according to the following formula: L shadow =L·|cos(Δε)| Δε=|α-β| Among them, L shadow is the shadow length, L is the length of the photovoltaic panel, ɑ is the solar altitude angle, and β is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel.

4. The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The structural parameters also include the width of the photovoltaic panel; accordingly, the photovoltaic system parameter calculation method also includes: If it is determined that the line spacing is smaller than the shadow width, the total shadow area is calculated according to the following formula: W shadow -(N-1)(D+W·cosβ) Among them, W shadow is the shadow width, N is the number of photovoltaic panel rows in the photovoltaic array, D is the row spacing, W is the photovoltaic panel width, and β is the photovoltaic panel inclination angle.

5. The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar radiation includes direct solar radiation and scattered solar radiation. Accordingly, the total radiation received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the photovoltaic panel inclination, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, including: Calculating the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel based on the solar incident angle and the direct solar radiation; Calculating the solar scattered radiation that can be received by the photovoltaic panel according to the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel and the amount of solar scattered radiation; Calculating the ground reflected radiation amount that the photovoltaic panel can receive based on the ground reflectivity, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, the direct solar radiation, and the scattered solar radiation; The total radiation amount that can be received by the photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the direct solar radiation, the scattered solar radiation and the ground reflected radiation.

6. The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic system parameter calculation method further includes: The corresponding radiation reaching the ground and the radiation reflected by the ground are calculated based on the non-shadow area and the shadow area respectively.

7. A photovoltaic system parameter calculation device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition unit is used to obtain structural parameters and layout parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and calculate the width of the shadow formed by the photovoltaic panel on the ground according to the height of the photovoltaic panel and the solar altitude angle; The arrangement parameters include the row spacing, the height of the photovoltaic panels, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panels. The row spacing is the projection distance between the upper edges of two adjacent photovoltaic panels on the ground. a first calculation unit, configured to calculate a total shadow area of the photovoltaic array according to the structural parameters, the arrangement parameters, and the solar altitude angle if it is determined that the row spacing is greater than or equal to the shadow width; The second calculation unit is used to calculate the total radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive based on the photovoltaic panel inclination angle, solar radiation, solar incidence angle and ground reflectivity, and determine the total shadow area and the total radiation as photovoltaic system parameters.

8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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