A flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of cable technology, and discloses a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable and a preparation method thereof. The charging pile cable prepared by the present invention comprises a cable core, a heat insulation layer, a shielding layer, and an outer sheath layer. The outer sheath layer is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as the main raw material, with the addition of maleic anhydride grafted POE, reinforcing fillers, and composite flame retardants and other functional additives, so that the cable has excellent flame retardant and wear resistance. Among them, the reinforcing filler utilizes the synergistic effect between hexagonal boron nitride and polyimide containing siloxane segments and long-chain fluorocarbon structures to improve the wear resistance of the outer sheath layer. The composite flame retardant has higher flame retardant efficiency than traditional inorganic flame retardants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) around the world, the demand for charging infrastructure (such as charging piles) has surged. As the core component connecting charging piles and vehicles, charging pile cables must meet the following scenario requirements: (1) High safety: Fires may occur during charging due to overload, short circuit, or high ambient temperature, making flame retardancy a rigid requirement; (2) Durability: Frequent dragging, bending, and mechanical friction (such as in public charging station scenarios) require cables to have excellent wear resistance; (3) Environmental adaptability: Outdoor exposure (ultraviolet rays, rain, extreme temperatures) and complex working conditions (such as gas stations and underground garages) pose challenges to material stability.

[0003] Traditional cables face the following bottlenecks in charging pile applications: (1) Insufficient flame retardancy. Ordinary PVC and other materials are flammable and release toxic fumes, which do not meet strict fire protection standards. (2) Poor wear resistance. Frequent movement causes sheath wear, accelerates insulation aging, and causes leakage or short circuit risks. (3) Conflict between flexibility and strength: High flame retardant additives may reduce material flexibility, while the pursuit of wear resistance may easily sacrifice bending life. Therefore, in order to address the shortcomings of traditional charging pile cables, such as insufficient flame retardancy, poor wear resistance, and the contradiction between flexibility and strength, researchers need to develop a charging pile cable with excellent comprehensive performance to meet practical application needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable, comprising, from the inside out, a cable core, a thermal insulation layer, a shielding layer, and an outer sheath layer. The cable core is formed by gluing multiple wire cores together, each wire core consisting of a copper conductor and a polyethylene insulation layer. The thermal insulation layer is a nanoporous thermal insulation material, and the shielding layer is an aluminum-plastic composite tape.

[0007] The outer sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 8-15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 10-16 parts of reinforcing filler, 4-8 parts of composite flame retardant, 2.5-4.5 parts of antioxidant, 2-3 parts of lubricant, and 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber;

[0008] Furthermore, the antioxidant is one of antioxidant 168 or antioxidant 1010;

[0009] Furthermore, the lubricant is zinc stearate;

[0010] Furthermore, the ultraviolet absorber is ultraviolet absorber UV-1;

[0011] The composite flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0012] Step A1: Phytic acid is mixed evenly with 1,4-dioxane and heated to 50-60° C., 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole is slowly added under nitrogen, and the mixture is refluxed and stirred for 8-12 hours, followed by rotary evaporation, drying, and grinding to obtain an imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor;

[0013] Furthermore, in step A1, the molar ratio of phytic acid to 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole is 1:2-4;

[0014] Step A2: Ultrasonically disperse magnesium hydroxide in a mixture of deionized water and ethanol, add silane coupling agent KH560, heat to 40°C, stir and react for 5-7 hours, filter, wash, and dry, collect the product, and redisperse the product in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Then, add triethylamine and imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor, react in a water bath at 80-90°C for 3-5 hours, filter, wash, and dry to obtain a composite flame retardant.

[0015] Furthermore, in step A2, the usage ratio of magnesium hydroxide, deionized water, ethanol, silane coupling agent KH560, DMF, triethylamine and imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor is 2-4 g:10 mL:40 mL:0.2-0.5 mL:100 mL:0.1-0.2 mL:1.5-2.5 g.

[0016] The reinforcing filler is prepared by the following steps:

[0017] Step B1, 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine was mixed evenly in DMF, perfluorohexyl propylene oxide was slowly added, and the temperature was raised to 80-90° C. for reaction for 3-5 hours, and the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, washed, and dried to obtain fluorine-containing nitrodiphenylamine;

[0018] Furthermore, in step B1, the molar ratio of 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine to perfluorohexylpropylene oxide is 1:1.05-1.15;

[0019] Step B2, mixing fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, Pd / C and ethanol and stirring for 20-30 minutes, then slowly adding hydrazine hydrate dropwise, reacting at 75°C for 6-8 hours, filtering, adding water to precipitate the product, filtering, drying, and recrystallizing to obtain fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine;

[0020] Furthermore, in step B2, the usage ratio of fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, Pd / C, ethanol, hydrazine hydrate and water is 4.5-9 g:0.5-1 g:50 mL:5-10 g:100 mL;

[0021] Step B3, under nitrogen conditions, fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether were mixed and stirred in DMF, hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride was added and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly, the temperature was raised to 80-90°C and the reaction was carried out for 2.5-3.5 hours, then the temperature was lowered to room temperature, pyromellitic anhydride was added in 10 portions, the reaction was stirred for 15-20 hours, filtered, washed, and then reacted at 300°C for 2 hours to obtain a reinforced filler;

[0022] Furthermore, in step B3, the usage ratio of fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane, 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether, DMF, hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride and pyromellitic anhydride is 0.002-0.004 mol: 0.001-0.002 mol: 0.007-0.014: 200 mL: 2-5 g: 0.012-0.024 mol;

[0023] Furthermore, the hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride in step B3 is prepared by treating hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with a strong base.

[0024] A method for preparing a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step S1: extruding polyethylene onto a copper conductor to obtain a wire core, gluing multiple wire cores together to form a cable core, and sequentially wrapping a nanoporous thermal insulation material and an aluminum-plastic composite tape around the cable core to obtain a prefabricated cable;

[0026] Step S2, weighing raw materials by weight, mixing thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, maleic anhydride grafted POE, reinforcing filler, composite flame retardant, antioxidant, lubricant and ultraviolet absorber uniformly, adding them to a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and coating them on the outside of the prefabricated cable to form an outer sheath layer, thereby obtaining a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable;

[0027] Furthermore, the screw temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 200-220° C., and the screw speed is 200-300 rpm / min.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] The charging pile cable prepared by the present invention includes a cable core, a thermal insulation layer, a shielding layer and an outer sheath layer. The outer sheath layer is made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as the main raw material, and is added with functional additives such as maleic anhydride grafted POE, reinforcing fillers and composite flame retardants, so that the cable has excellent flame retardant and wear resistance; among them, the reinforcing filler utilizes the synergistic effect between hexagonal boron nitride and polyimide containing siloxane chain segments and long-chain fluorocarbon structures to improve the wear resistance of the outer sheath layer; compared with traditional inorganic flame retardants, the composite flame retardant has higher flame retardant efficiency.

[0030] The composite flame retardant prepared by the present invention adopts a combination of organic and inorganic, and the synergistic effect improves the flame retardant performance of the outer sheath layer. Compared with the single use of traditional inorganic flame retardants and organic flame retardants, the composite flame retardant has better flame retardant performance, and the dosage is small, and the impact on the comprehensive performance of the substrate is small.

[0031] The reinforcing filler prepared by the present invention is based on hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride and coated with a polyimide containing siloxane segments and long-chain fluorocarbon structures on the surface, which significantly improves the wear resistance of the cable sheath. Among them, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) itself has excellent wear resistance and a layered structure similar to graphite. The layers are bonded by weak van der Waals forces, which makes them easy to slip during friction and provides excellent solid lubrication properties, thereby reducing the friction coefficient of the material. The polyimide containing siloxane segments acts as a bridge to enhance the interface bonding between the filler and the matrix. The h-BN matrix can be made of polyurethane, which can make the external force more evenly distributed and reduce the wear and damage caused by local stress concentration. The flexibility of silicone and the high strength of polyimide work together to improve the compatibility of h-BN with the polyurethane matrix, avoid filler agglomeration and ensure uniform dispersion. The long-chain fluorocarbon structure contained on the surface of the reinforcing filler has low surface energy, which can make the material hydrophobic and anti-adhesive, reducing the adhesive wear between the friction pairs. In addition, during the friction process, the long-chain fluorocarbon structure may migrate to the surface to form a self-lubricating film, continuously reducing friction resistance and achieving long-term wear resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the present application, hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride is prepared by ultrasonically dispersing 1.5 g of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets in 150 mL of 5 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 1.5 h, then continuously refluxing in a 120° C. oil bath for 24 h, filtering, washing to neutrality, and freeze-drying.

[0034] Example 1: The composite flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0035] Step A1: 0.1 mol of phytic acid was mixed evenly with 200 mL of 1,4-dioxane and heated to 50° C. Under nitrogen, 0.2 mol of 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole was slowly added, and the mixture was refluxed and stirred for 8 hours. The mixture was then rotary evaporated, dried, and ground to obtain an imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor.

[0036] Step A2, 2g of magnesium hydroxide was ultrasonically dispersed in a mixture of 10mL of deionized water and 40mL of ethanol, 0.2mL of silane coupling agent KH560 was added, and the temperature was raised to 40°C and stirred for reaction for 5h, filtered, washed, and dried, and the product was collected. The product was redispersed in 100mL of DMF, and 0.1mL of triethylamine and 1.5g of imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor were added. The mixture was reacted in a water bath at 80°C for 3h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a composite flame retardant.

[0037] The reinforcing filler is prepared by the following steps:

[0038] Step B1: 0.1 mol of 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine was mixed evenly in 200 mL of DMF, 0.105 mol of perfluorohexylpropylene oxide was slowly added, and the temperature was raised to 80° C. for reaction for 3 h, and the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, washed, and dried to obtain fluorine-containing nitrodiphenylamine;

[0039] Step B2, 4.5 g of fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, 0.5 g of Pd / C and 50 mL of ethanol were mixed and stirred for 20 min, and then 5 g of hydrazine hydrate was slowly added dropwise, and the mixture was refluxed at 75 ° C for 6 h, filtered, and 100 mL of water was added to precipitate the product, filtered, dried, and recrystallized to obtain fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine;

[0040] Step B3: Under nitrogen conditions, 0.002 mol of fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 0.001 mol of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 0.007 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether were mixed and stirred uniformly in 200 mL of DMF, 2 g of hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride was added and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C and reacted for 2.5 h, then cooled to room temperature, 0.012 mol of pyromellitic anhydride was added in 10 portions, stirred and reacted for 15 h, filtered, washed, and then reacted at 300 ° C for 2 h to obtain a reinforced filler.

[0041] Example 2: The composite flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0042] Step A1: 0.1 mol of phytic acid was mixed evenly with 200 mL of 1,4-dioxane and heated to 55° C. Under nitrogen, 0.3 mol of 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole was slowly added, and the mixture was refluxed and stirred for 10 hours. The mixture was then rotary evaporated, dried, and ground to obtain an imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor.

[0043] Step A2, 3g of magnesium hydroxide was ultrasonically dispersed in a mixture of 10mL of deionized water and 40mL of ethanol, 0.35mL of silane coupling agent KH560 was added, and the temperature was raised to 40°C and stirred for reaction for 6h, filtered, washed, and dried, and the product was collected. The product was redispersed in 100mL of DMF, and 0.15mL of triethylamine and 2g of imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor were added. The mixture was reacted in a water bath at 85°C for 4h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a composite flame retardant.

[0044] The reinforcing filler is prepared by the following steps:

[0045] Step B1, 0.1 mol of 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine was mixed evenly in 200 mL of DMF, 0.11 mol of perfluorohexylpropylene oxide was slowly added, and the temperature was raised to 85° C. for reaction for 4 h, and the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, washed, and dried to obtain fluorine-containing nitrodiphenylamine;

[0046] Step B2, 6 g of fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, 0.75 g of Pd / C and 50 mL of ethanol were mixed and stirred for 25 min, and then 7.5 g of hydrazine hydrate was slowly added dropwise, and the mixture was refluxed at 75 ° C for 7 h, filtered, and 100 mL of water was added to precipitate the product, filtered, dried, and recrystallized to obtain fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine;

[0047] Step B3. Under nitrogen conditions, 0.003 mol of fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 0.0015 mol of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 0.01 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether were mixed and stirred uniformly in 200 mL of DMF, 3.5 g of hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride was added and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly, the temperature was raised to 85 ° C. and reacted for 3 h, then cooled to room temperature, 0.018 mol of pyromellitic anhydride was added in 10 portions, stirred and reacted for 18 h, filtered, washed, and then reacted at 300 ° C. for 2 h to obtain a reinforced filler.

[0048] Example 3: The composite flame retardant is prepared by the following steps:

[0049] Step A1: 0.1 mol of phytic acid was mixed evenly with 200 mL of 1,4-dioxane and heated to 60° C. Under nitrogen, 0.4 mol of 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole was slowly added, and the mixture was refluxed and stirred for 12 hours. The mixture was rotary evaporated, dried, and ground to obtain an imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor;

[0050] Step A2, 4 g of magnesium hydroxide was ultrasonically dispersed in a mixture of 10 mL of deionized water and 40 mL of ethanol, 0.5 mL of silane coupling agent KH560 was added, and the temperature was raised to 40 ° C. and stirred for reaction for 7 h, filtered, washed, and dried, and the product was collected. The product was redispersed in 100 mL of DMF, and 0.2 mL of triethylamine and 2.5 g of imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor were added. The mixture was reacted in a water bath at 90 ° C for 5 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a composite flame retardant.

[0051] The reinforcing filler is prepared by the following steps:

[0052] Step B1: 0.1 mol of 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine was mixed uniformly in 200 mL of DMF, 0.115 mol of perfluorohexylpropylene oxide was slowly added, and the temperature was raised to 90° C. for reaction for 5 h, and the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, washed, and dried to obtain fluorine-containing nitrodiphenylamine;

[0053] Step B2, 9 g of fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, 0.5-1 g of Pd / C and 50 mL of ethanol were mixed and stirred for 30 min, and then 10 g of hydrazine hydrate was slowly added dropwise, and the mixture was refluxed at 75 ° C for 8 h, filtered, and 100 mL of water was added to precipitate the product, filtered, dried, and recrystallized to obtain fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine;

[0054] Step B3: Under nitrogen conditions, 0.004 mol of fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 0.002 mol of 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 0.014 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether were mixed and stirred uniformly in 200 mL of DMF, 5 g of hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride was added and ultrasonically dispersed uniformly, the temperature was raised to 90 ° C and reacted for 3.5 hours, then cooled to room temperature, 0.024 mol of pyromellitic anhydride was added in 10 portions, stirred and reacted for 20 hours, filtered, washed, and then reacted at 300 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a reinforced filler.

[0055] Example 4: A method for preparing a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step S1: extruding polyethylene onto a copper conductor to obtain a wire core, gluing multiple wire cores together to form a cable core, and sequentially wrapping a nanoporous thermal insulation material and an aluminum-plastic composite tape around the cable core to obtain a prefabricated cable;

[0057] Step S2, weigh the raw materials by weight, mix 50 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 8 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 10 parts of reinforcing filler prepared in Example 1, 5 parts of composite flame retardant prepared in Example 1, 2.5 parts of antioxidant 168 or 1010, 2 parts of zinc stearate and 1 part of ultraviolet absorber UV-1, add them to a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and coat them on the outside of the prefabricated cable to form an outer sheath layer to obtain a flame retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable. The screw temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 200°C and the screw speed is 200rpm / min.

[0058] Example 5: A method for preparing a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step S1: extruding polyethylene onto a copper conductor to obtain a wire core, gluing multiple wire cores together to form a cable core, and sequentially wrapping a nanoporous thermal insulation material and an aluminum-plastic composite tape around the cable core to obtain a prefabricated cable;

[0060] Step S2, weigh the raw materials by weight, mix 55 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 12 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 13 parts of reinforcing filler prepared in Example 2, 7 parts of composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2, 4.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, 2.5 parts of zinc stearate and 1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-1, add them to a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and coat them on the outside of the prefabricated cable to form an outer sheath layer to obtain a flame retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable. The screw temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 210°C and the screw speed is 250rpm / min.

[0061] Example 6: A method for preparing a flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step S1: extruding polyethylene onto a copper conductor to obtain a wire core, gluing multiple wire cores together to form a cable core, and sequentially wrapping a nanoporous thermal insulation material and an aluminum-plastic composite tape around the cable core to obtain a prefabricated cable;

[0063] Step S2, weigh the raw materials by weight, mix 60 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 16 parts of reinforcing filler prepared in Example 3, 9 parts of composite flame retardant prepared in Example 3, 4.5 parts of antioxidant 1010, 3 parts of zinc stearate and 2 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-1, add them to a twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and coat them on the outside of the prefabricated cable to form an outer sheath layer to obtain a flame retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable. The screw temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 220°C and the screw speed is 300rpm / min.

[0064] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example is a charging pile cable. The difference from Example 6 is that hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets are used instead of the reinforcing filler prepared in Example 3, and the rest are the same.

[0065] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example is a charging pile cable. The difference from Example 6 is that magnesium hydroxide is used instead of the composite flame retardant prepared in Example 3, and the rest are the same.

[0066] Comparative Example 3: This comparative example is a charging pile cable. The difference from Example 6 is that magnesium hydroxide is used instead of the composite flame retardant prepared in Example 3, and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets are used instead of the reinforcing filler prepared in Example 3. The rest are the same.

[0067] The charging pile cables prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to performance tests:

[0068] Flame retardant performance test: oxygen index test is conducted according to GB / T 2406.2-2009 "Plastics - Determination of combustion behavior by oxygen index method", and UL94 vertical combustion test is conducted according to GB / T 2408-2008 "Plastics - Determination of combustion behavior - Horizontal and vertical methods";

[0069] Abrasion resistance test: Test in accordance with the test method in GB / T 9867-2008 "Vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber - Determination of wear resistance (rotating roller abrader method)";

[0070] Tensile strength test: Mechanical properties test is carried out in accordance with GB / T 33594-2017 standard;

[0071] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0072] Table 1: Performance test results

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from Table 1, the flame retardant performance test of the charging pile cable prepared by the present invention shows that the oxygen index is in the range of (30.6-32.5)%, and the flame retardant grade is V-0, indicating that the cable has excellent flame retardant performance; the wear resistance test shows that the wear loss is in the range of (212-231) mm. 3 , indicating that the cable has excellent wear resistance; after tensile strength test, the tensile strength is (33.6-35.1) MPa, indicating that the cable has excellent wear resistance and flame retardant properties while maintaining excellent mechanical properties.

[0075] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the scope defined by the concept of the invention, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable, characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, it includes a cable core, a thermal insulation layer, a shielding layer and an outer sheath layer. The cable core is made of multiple wire cores glued together. The wire core is composed of a copper conductor and a polyethylene insulation layer. The thermal insulation layer is a nano-porous thermal insulation material, and the shielding layer is an aluminum-plastic composite tape. The outer sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, 8-15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 10-16 parts of reinforcing filler, 4-8 parts of composite flame retardant, 2.5-4.5 parts of antioxidant, 2-3 parts of lubricant, and 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorber; The composite flame retardant is prepared by reacting magnesium hydroxide modified with a silane coupling agent with an imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor, and the imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor is prepared by reacting phytic acid with 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole; The reinforcing filler is formed by reacting fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane, 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether and pyromellitic anhydride on the surface of hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride and coating the surface. The fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine is obtained by reducing fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, and the fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine is obtained by reacting 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine and perfluorohexyl propylene oxide.

2. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite flame retardant is prepared by the following steps: Step A1: Phytic acid is mixed evenly with 1,4-dioxane and heated to 50-60° C., 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole is slowly added under nitrogen, and the mixture is refluxed and stirred for 8-12 hours, followed by rotary evaporation, drying, and grinding to obtain an imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor; Step A2: Ultrasonically disperse magnesium hydroxide in a mixture of deionized water and ethanol, add silane coupling agent KH560, heat to 40°C, stir and react for 5-7 hours, filter, wash, and dry, collect the product, and redisperse the product in N,N-dimethylformamide. Then, add triethylamine and imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor, react in a water bath at 80-90°C for 3-5 hours, filter, wash, and dry to obtain a composite flame retardant.

3. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A1, the molar ratio of phytic acid to 1-hydroxyethyl-2-methylimidazole is 1:2-4.

4. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A2, the usage ratio of magnesium hydroxide, deionized water, ethanol, silane coupling agent KH560, DMF, triethylamine and imidazole-phytic acid flame retardant precursor is 2-4 g:10 mL:40 mL:0.2-0.5 mL:100 mL:0.1-0.2 mL:1.5-2.5 g.

5. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing filler is prepared by the following steps: Step B1, 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine was mixed evenly in DMF, perfluorohexyl propylene oxide was slowly added, and the temperature was raised to 80-90° C. for reaction for 3-5 hours, and the mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, washed, and dried to obtain fluorine-containing nitrodiphenylamine; Step B2, mixing fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, Pd / C and ethanol and stirring for 20-30 minutes, then slowly adding hydrazine hydrate dropwise, reacting at 75°C for 6-8 hours, filtering, adding water to precipitate the product, filtering, drying, and recrystallizing to obtain fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine; Step B3: Under nitrogen conditions, fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether were mixed and stirred in DMF, hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride was added and ultrasonically dispersed evenly, the temperature was raised to 80-90°C and the reaction was carried out for 2.5-3.5 hours, and then the temperature was lowered to room temperature. Pyromellitic anhydride was added in 10 portions, and the reaction was stirred for 15-20 hours. The mixture was filtered and washed, and then the mixture was reacted at 300°C for 2 hours to obtain a reinforced filler.

6. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step B1, the molar ratio of 4,4-dinitrodiphenylamine to perfluorohexylpropylene oxide is 1:1.05-1.

15.

7. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step B2, the usage ratio of fluorinated nitrodiphenylamine, Pd / C, ethanol, hydrazine hydrate and water is 4.5-9 g:0.5-1 g:50 mL:5-10 g:100 mL.

8. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step B3, the amount ratio of fluorinated diaminodiphenylamine, 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane, 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether, DMF, hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride and pyromellitic anhydride is 0.002-0.004 mol: 0.001-0.002 mol: 0.007-0.014: 200 mL: 2-5 g: 0.012-0.024 mol, and the hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride is prepared by treating hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with a strong base.

9. The flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is one of antioxidant 168 and antioxidant 1010, the lubricant is zinc stearate, and the ultraviolet absorber is ultraviolet absorber UV-1.

10. A method for preparing the flame-retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: extruding polyethylene onto a copper conductor to obtain a wire core, gluing multiple wire cores together to form a cable core, and sequentially wrapping a nanoporous thermal insulation material and an aluminum-plastic composite tape around the cable core to obtain a prefabricated cable; Step S2, weigh the raw materials by weight, mix the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, maleic anhydride grafted POE, reinforcing filler, composite flame retardant, antioxidant, lubricant and ultraviolet absorber evenly, add them to the twin-screw extruder for extrusion, and coat them on the outside of the prefabricated cable to form an outer sheath layer to obtain a flame retardant and wear-resistant charging pile cable. The screw temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 200-220°C, and the screw speed is 200-300rpm / min.

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