Multifunctional pneumatic control coaxial valve

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional air control coaxial valve, and belongs to the valve field, which is mainly composed of a valve body, a valve core, a piston valve sleeve and a limiting assembly, wherein the valve core can slide among the left position, the middle position and the right position; when the piston valve sleeve moves to the most right side and the valve core is located in the middle position, the left valve port is closed and the right valve port is opened; when the piston valve sleeve moves to the most left side and the valve core is located in the left position, the left valve port is closed; when the valve core is located in the right position, the right valve port is closed; the limiting assembly can control the sliding of the valve core; the limiting assembly can be switched among the first state, the second state and the third state; when the limiting assembly is in the first state, the limiting assembly limits the valve core in the middle position; when the limiting assembly is in the second state, the limiting assembly limits the valve core to slide between the middle position and the left position; when the limiting assembly is in the third state, the limiting assembly limits the valve core to slide between the middle position and the right position; the application can realize the control function of the medium flow direction; and the control is convenient and the operation is simple without disassembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of valve technology, and in particular relates to a multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve. Background Technology

[0002] Coaxial valves are widely used in the field of valve technology. Their unique integrated valve body and actuator structure gives them many advantages. The actuator of a coaxial valve is completely aligned with the axis of the fluid pipeline and the direction of fluid flow. This design not only makes coaxial valves compact and suitable for installation in space-constrained environments, but also features a balanced structural design that requires low driving force, and a straight-through structural design that enables low pressure drop.

[0003] However, while coaxial valves perform excellently in controlling pipeline opening and closing, existing coaxial valves have relatively limited functionality. When more complex control of the medium flowing through the pipeline is required, such as controlling the direction of flow, it is usually necessary to connect other valves, such as check valves, in series with the pipeline. This not only increases the complexity of the pipeline but also raises the overall cost. Furthermore, when it is necessary to change the direction of flow, the check valve must be removed from the pipeline, reversed, and reinstalled, which consumes a lot of manpower. Therefore, designing a multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve that integrates multiple functions is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve, which includes a valve body, a valve core, a piston valve sleeve, and a limiting assembly; the valve body has ports B and A at its left and right ends respectively, and the piston valve sleeve is slidably disposed within the valve body; the valve core and the piston valve sleeve are slidably connected, and the right end of the piston valve sleeve and the valve core form a left valve port; the right end of the valve core and the right end of the valve body form a right valve port, and the valve core can slide between a left position, a middle position, and a right position; when the piston valve sleeve moves to the rightmost position and the valve core is in the middle position, the left valve port is closed and the right valve port is open; when the piston valve sleeve moves... When the valve core is in the left position at the far left, the left valve port is closed; when the valve core is in the right position, the right valve port is closed. The limiting component is located in the valve body and is connected to the left end of the valve core to control the sliding of the valve core. The limiting component can switch between a first state, a second state, and a third state. When the limiting component is in the first state, it restricts the valve core to the middle position. When the limiting component is in the second state, it restricts the valve core from sliding between the middle and left positions. When the limiting component is in the third state, it restricts the valve core from sliding between the middle and right positions.

[0006] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes a control block, a control cap, a control cylinder, a right gasket, and a left gasket; the control block is fixedly connected to the valve body, and a left flat groove is provided inside the control block; the control cap is fixedly connected to the right side of the control block, and a right flat groove is provided inside the control cap; the left end of the control cylinder is rotatably connected to the control block, and the right end is rotatably connected to the control cap; the left and right sides of the control cylinder are respectively provided with a left control groove and a right control groove along the axial direction, and the left and right control grooves are spaced apart in the circumferential direction; the left end of the valve core is provided with a left shoulder and a right shoulder; the left gasket and the right gasket are respectively located on the left and right sides of the control cylinder, and both the left and right gaskets are sleeved on the valve core; the left gasket is located to the right of the left shoulder, and the right gasket is located to the left of the right shoulder; the left gasket is provided with a left gasket pin, and the left gasket pin is slidably connected to the left flat groove; the right gasket is provided with a right gasket pin, and the right gasket pin is slidably connected to the right flat groove.

[0007] Preferably, when the limiting component is in the first state, the left control groove and the left flat groove are misaligned, the right control groove and the right flat groove are misaligned, and the left gasket pin and the right gasket pin are fixed, thereby limiting the valve core to the center position; when the limiting component is in the second state, the left control groove and the left flat groove are misaligned, the right control groove and the right flat groove are aligned, the left gasket pin is fixed, and the right gasket pin can slide to the left along the right control groove and the right flat groove, thereby limiting the valve core to slide between the center position and the left position; when the limiting component is in the third state, the left control groove and the left flat groove are aligned, the right control groove and the right flat groove are misaligned, the left gasket pin can slide to the right along the left control groove and the left flat groove, and the right gasket pin is fixed, thereby limiting the valve core to slide between the center position and the right position.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting assembly further includes a small piston and a small spring; the small piston is slidably disposed within the control block, with one end of the small piston forming a small piston cavity between it and the control block, and the other end forming a small spring cavity between it and the control block; the small spring is disposed within the small spring cavity to drive the small piston to move in the direction of extending into the small piston cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting assembly further includes a control pawl and a torsion spring; multiple ratchet teeth are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in the middle of the control cylinder; the control pawl is rotatably connected to the small piston; the torsion spring is disposed in the control pawl to drive the control pawl to rotate toward the ratchet teeth.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting component further includes a one-way pawl and a spring; the one-way pawl is rotatably connected within the control block; the spring is fixedly disposed within the control block to drive the one-way pawl to rotate toward the ratchet tooth.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting component further includes a centering spring; the centering spring is disposed between the right washer and the left washer to drive the right washer and the left washer to move in a direction away from each other.

[0012] Preferably, the control block is provided with a medium flow channel, which connects the B port and the left valve port.

[0013] Preferably, the piston valve sleeve has a piston disc in the middle, and a pneumatic cavity is formed between the right side of the piston disc and the valve body. A main spring cavity is formed between the left side of the piston disc, the right side of the control block, and the valve body. The valve body is also provided with port C and port D. Port C is connected to the pneumatic cavity, and port D is connected to the main spring cavity. The control block is provided with a control flow channel and an air flow channel. The control flow channel connects the main spring cavity and the small piston cavity, and the air flow channel connects the small spring cavity to the outside.

[0014] Preferably, the coaxial valve further includes a main spring; the main spring is disposed in the main spring cavity to drive the piston valve sleeve to move to the right.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. By configuring a valve core, piston sleeve, and limiting assembly, when the limiting assembly is in the first state, the valve core is restricted to the neutral position, the piston sleeve moves to the leftmost position, and the medium can flow between port A and port B; when the limiting assembly is in the second state, the valve core is restricted to sliding between the neutral and left positions, the piston sleeve moves to the leftmost position, and the medium can flow unidirectionally between port B and port A; when the limiting assembly is in the third state, the valve core is restricted to sliding between the neutral and right positions, the piston sleeve moves to the leftmost position, and the medium can flow unidirectionally between port A and port B; thus, the function of controlling the flow direction of the medium is realized.

[0017] 2. By setting a control cylinder, the limit component can be switched between the first, second and third states by rotating the control cylinder. This allows for easy switching of the unidirectional flow of the medium between port A and port B without disassembly, saving manpower and providing multiple functions.

[0018] 3. By setting a small piston and a control cylinder, the movement of the small piston can be controlled by controlling the rise and fall of the air source pressure. In turn, the control cylinder is rotated by controlling the cooperation between the pawl and the ratchet on the control cylinder, which can complete the switching of the working state of the limit component. It is convenient to control and simple to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view at point I;

[0024] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view at point II;

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction;

[0026] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the DD direction;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional view of the control cylinder of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Combination Figures 1-9As shown, a multi-functional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve, in this embodiment, includes a valve body 1, a valve core 5, a piston valve sleeve 6, and a limiting assembly; the valve body 1 has ports B and A at its left and right ends respectively, and the piston valve sleeve 6 is slidably disposed within the valve body 1; the valve core 5 and the piston valve sleeve 6 are slidably connected, and the right end of the piston valve sleeve 6 and the valve core 5 form a left valve port; the right end of the valve core 5 and the right end of the valve body 1 form a right valve port, and the valve core 5 can slide between the left, middle, and right positions; when the piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the rightmost position and the valve core 5 is in the middle position, the left valve port is closed and the right valve port is open; when the piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the rightmost position, ... On the far left, when valve core 5 is in the left position, the left valve port is closed; when valve core 5 is in the right position, the right valve port is closed; the limiting component is located inside the valve body 1, and the limiting component is connected to the left end of valve core 5 to control the sliding of valve core 5; the limiting component can switch between the first state, the second state, and the third state; when the limiting component is in the first state, the limiting component restricts valve core 5 to the middle position; when the limiting component is in the second state, the limiting component restricts valve core 5 from sliding between the middle position and the left position; when the limiting component is in the third state, the limiting component restricts valve core 5 from sliding between the middle position and the right position.

[0030] Combination Figures 2-9 As shown, the limiting assembly includes a control block 7, a control cap 14, a control cylinder 21, a right gasket 17, and a left gasket 19. The control block 7 is fixedly connected inside the valve body 1, and a left flat groove 13 is provided inside the control block 7. The control cap 14 is fixedly connected to the right side of the control block 7, and a right flat groove 15 is provided inside the control cap 14. The left end of the control cylinder 21 is rotatably connected inside the control block 7, and the right end is rotatably connected inside the control cap 14. A left control groove 24 and a right control groove 23 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the control cylinder 21 along the axial direction. The right control groove 23 is spaced along the circumference; the left end of the valve core 5 is provided with a left shoulder and a right shoulder; the left gasket 19 and the right gasket 17 are located on the left and right sides of the control cylinder 21 respectively. The left gasket 19 and the right gasket 17 are both sleeved on the valve core 5. The left gasket 19 is located on the right side of the left shoulder, and the right gasket 17 is located on the left side of the right shoulder. The left gasket 19 is provided with a left gasket pin 20, which is slidably connected to the left flat groove 13. The right gasket 17 is provided with a right gasket pin 18, which is slidably connected to the right flat groove 15.

[0031] Combination Figures 2-9As shown, when the limiting assembly is in the first state, the left control groove 24 and the left flat groove 13 are misaligned, the right control groove 23 and the right flat groove 15 are misaligned, and the left gasket pin 20 and the right gasket pin 18 are fixed, thereby limiting the valve core 5 to the neutral position; when the limiting assembly is in the second state, the left control groove 24 and the left flat groove 13 are misaligned, the right control groove 23 and the right flat groove 15 are aligned, the left gasket pin 20 is fixed, and the right gasket pin 18 can slide to the left along the right control groove 23 and the right flat groove 15, thereby limiting the valve core 5 to slide between the neutral position and the left position; when the limiting assembly is in the third state, the left control groove 24 and the left flat groove 13 are aligned, the right control groove 23 and the right flat groove 15 are misaligned, the left gasket pin 20 can slide to the right along the left control groove 24 and the left flat groove 13, and the right gasket pin 18 is fixed, thereby limiting the valve core 5 to slide between the neutral position and the right position.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the limiting component is in the first state, the valve core 5 is restricted to the middle position. If the piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the rightmost position, the left valve port is closed and the right valve port is opened; if the piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the leftmost position, both the left and right valve ports are opened; the medium can flow between port A and port B, realizing the bidirectional flow function of the medium. When the limiting component is in the second state, the valve core 5 is restricted to slide between the middle and left positions. If the piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the leftmost position, the valve core 5 moves to the left position, and the left valve port is closed; if the piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the rightmost position, both the left and right valve ports are opened; if the piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the leftmost position, both the left and right valve ports are opened. On the left, when valve core 5 moves to the neutral position, both the left and right valve ports open; the medium can flow unidirectionally between port B and port A, achieving unidirectional flow of the medium in one direction. When the limiting component is in the third state, valve core 5 is restricted to sliding between the neutral and right positions. If valve core 5 moves to the right position, the right valve port closes. If piston valve sleeve 6 moves to the leftmost position and valve core 5 moves to the neutral position, both the left and right valve ports open; the medium can flow unidirectionally between port A and port B, achieving unidirectional flow of the medium in another direction, providing diverse functions.

[0033] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the limiting assembly also includes a small piston 27 and a small spring 28; the small piston 27 is slidably disposed in the control block 7, with one end of the small piston 27 and the control block 7 forming a small piston cavity 9, and the other end of the small piston 27 and the control block 7 forming a small spring cavity 10; the small spring 28 is disposed in the small spring cavity 10 and is used to drive the small piston 27 to move in the direction of extending into the small piston cavity 9.

[0034] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the limiting assembly also includes a control pawl 29 and a torsion spring 30; multiple ratchet teeth 22 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction in the middle of the control cylinder 21; the control pawl 29 is rotatably connected to the small piston 27; the torsion spring 30 is disposed inside the control pawl 29 to drive the control pawl 29 to rotate toward the ratchet teeth 22.

[0035] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the limiting assembly also includes a one-way pawl 25 and a spring 26; the one-way pawl 25 is rotatably connected to the control block 7; the spring 26 is fixedly disposed in the control block 7 to drive the one-way pawl 25 to rotate toward the ratchet 22.

[0036] In this embodiment, by controlling the small piston 27 to drive the control pawl 29 to move, the control cylinder 21 can be rotated by controlling the cooperation of the pawl 29 and the ratchet 22, thereby realizing the switching of the working state of the limit component and the switching of its internal medium flow direction function. No disassembly is required, saving manpower, and the control is convenient and simple to operate.

[0037] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the limiting assembly also includes a centering spring 16; the centering spring 16 is disposed between the right washer 17 and the left washer 19, and is used to drive the right washer 17 and the left washer 19 to move in a direction away from each other.

[0038] Combination Figures 2-4 , Figure 6 As shown, the control block 7 is provided with a medium flow channel 8, which connects port B and the left valve port.

[0039] Combination Figures 2-4 , Figure 6 As shown, a piston disc is provided in the middle of the piston valve sleeve 6. The right side of the piston disc and the valve body 1 form a pneumatic chamber 2, and the left side of the piston disc, the right side of the control block 7, and the valve body 1 form a main spring chamber 3. The valve body 1 is also provided with port C and port D. Port C is connected to the pneumatic chamber 2, and port D is connected to the main spring chamber 3. The control block 7 is provided with a control flow channel 11 and an air flow channel 12. The control flow channel 11 connects the main spring chamber 3 and the small piston chamber 9, and the air flow channel 12 connects the small spring chamber 10 to the outside.

[0040] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the coaxial valve also includes a main spring 4; the main spring 4 is disposed in the main spring cavity 3 and is used to drive the piston valve sleeve 6 to move to the right.

[0041] The working principle of this multi-functional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the limiting component is in the first state at this time. When the present invention needs to be used, first connect ports A and B to the medium pipeline, and ports C and D to the pneumatic pipeline respectively. Then, high-pressure medium is introduced into port A or port B. Since the piston valve sleeve 6 is held in the rightmost position under the action of the main spring 4, the right end of the piston valve sleeve 6 and the valve core 5 are in close contact. And since the limiting component is in the first state, the left control groove 24 and the left flat groove 13 are misaligned, the right control groove 23 and the right flat groove 15 are misaligned, and the left gasket pin 20 and the right gasket pin 18 are fixed. When in use, valve core 5 is restricted to the neutral position, so the left valve port is closed, and the medium cannot flow between ports A and B. Then, high-pressure air is introduced into port C. After the high-pressure air enters the pneumatic chamber 2, it pushes the piston valve sleeve 6 to move to the leftmost position against the main spring 4, opening the left and right valve ports and forming a passage. The high-pressure medium can flow between ports A and B in both directions. When the high-pressure air is stopped from being introduced into port C, under the action of the main spring 4, the piston valve sleeve 6 is pushed to move to the rightmost position, closing the left valve port, which can block the flow of the medium between ports A and B.

[0042] When it is necessary for the medium to pass through port B to port A in a unidirectional manner, high-pressure air is first introduced into port D. After passing through the main spring cavity 3 and the control flow channel 11, the high-pressure air enters the small piston cavity 9 and pushes the small piston 27 to move against the small spring 28, so that the air in the small spring cavity 10 is discharged to the outside through the air flow channel 12. Since the control pawl 29 is rotatably connected to the small piston 27, the ratchet 22 is pushed to rotate under the cooperation of the control pawl 29 and the torsion spring 30. When the small piston 27 is pressed against the bottom surface of the small spring cavity 10, the control cylinder 21 is rotated 45 degrees clockwise through the ratchet 22. Figure 6 Then, the air pressure at port D is controlled to decrease, and under the action of the small spring 28, the small piston 27 is pushed to move. Under the action of the one-way pawl 25 and the spring 26, the control cylinder 21 cannot reverse. With the cooperation of the control pawl 29 and the torsion spring 30, the small piston 27 returns to the initial position, completing one rise and fall of the air pressure at port D; then, the air pressure at port D is controlled to rise and fall again, and similarly, the control cylinder 21 is pushed to rotate 45 degrees clockwise again. Figure 6(Middle), so that the left control groove 24 and the left flat groove 13 are offset, and the right control groove 23 and the right flat groove 15 are aligned, and the limit component is in the second state; when the medium flows from port B to port A, high-pressure air is introduced into port C, pushing the piston valve sleeve 6 to move to the leftmost position. After the medium enters, it pushes the valve core 5 to the right. Since the left gasket 19 is fixed at this time, under the action of the left shoulder, the valve core 5 cannot move to the right and is restricted to the middle position, so the left valve port opens, and the medium flows out from port A after passing through the medium flow channel 8, the left valve port and the right valve port; when the medium in the pipeline backflows, the medium flows from port A to port B. When the medium overcomes the centering spring 16, it pushes the valve core 5 to the left. Under the action of the right shoulder, it drives the right gasket 17 to move to the left, causing the right gasket pin 18 to move to the left along the right control groove 23 and the right flat groove 15. This moves the valve core 5 to the left position and it is in close contact with the piston valve sleeve 6, closing the left valve port and preventing the medium from flowing, thus realizing the one-way passage function from port B to port A. When the high-pressure air is stopped from flowing into port C, under the action of the main spring 4, the piston valve sleeve 6 is pushed to the rightmost position. The valve core 5 and the piston valve sleeve 6 close the left valve port, thus blocking the flow of the medium between port B and port A.

[0043] When the medium needs to pass through port A to port B in a one-way direction, the air in port D is first controlled to rise and fall four times, which then pushes the small piston 27 into the small spring cavity 10 four times. By controlling the cooperation between the pawl 29, torsion spring 30, one-way pawl 25, spring plate 26 and ratchet 22, the control cylinder 21 continues to rotate 180 degrees clockwise. Figure 6 (Middle) Align the left control slot 24 and the left flat slot 13, and offset the right control slot 23 and the right flat slot 15, with the limit assembly in the third state; When the medium flows from port A to port B, high-pressure air is introduced into port C, pushing the piston valve sleeve 6 to the leftmost position. After the medium enters, it pushes the valve core 5 to the left. Since the right gasket 17 is fixed at this time, under the action of the right shoulder, the valve core 5 cannot move to the left and is restricted to the middle position, so the left valve port opens, and the medium flows out from port B after passing through the right valve port, the left valve port, and the medium flow channel 8; When backflow occurs in the pipeline, the medium flows from port B. When the medium flows to port A, the medium overcomes the centering spring 16 to push the valve core 5 to the right. Under the action of the left shoulder, the left gasket 19 moves to the right, causing the left gasket pin 20 to move to the right along the left control groove 24 and the left flat groove 13. As a result, the valve core 5 moves to the right position, closing the right valve port and preventing the medium from flowing, thus realizing the one-way passage function from port A to port B. When the high-pressure air is stopped from flowing to port C, under the action of the main spring 4, the piston valve sleeve 6 is pushed to the rightmost position. The valve core 5 and the piston valve sleeve 6 close the left valve port, thus blocking the flow of the medium between port A and port B.

[0044] When the coaxial valve needs to be switched to the initial state, the air pressure in port D needs to be controlled to rise and fall twice again, thereby pushing the small piston 27 into the small spring cavity 10 twice. By controlling the cooperation between the pawl 29, torsion spring 30, one-way pawl 25, spring 26 and ratchet 22, the control cylinder 21 continues to rotate 90 degrees clockwise. Figure 6 (In the middle), thereby rotating the control cylinder 21 to the initial position, and putting the limiting component in the first state, thus completing the reset of the present invention.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve, characterized in that, The valve body (1) includes a valve core (5), a piston valve sleeve (6), and a limiting assembly. The valve body (1) has a B port and an A port at its left and right ends, respectively. The piston valve sleeve (6) is slidably disposed inside the valve body (1). The valve core (5) and the piston valve sleeve (6) are slidably connected. The right end of the piston valve sleeve (6) and the valve core (5) form a left valve port. The right end of the valve core (5) and the right end of the valve body (1) form a right valve port. The valve core (5) can slide between the left, middle, and right positions. When the piston valve sleeve (6) moves to the rightmost position and the valve core (5) is in the middle position, the left valve port is closed and the right valve port is open; when the piston valve sleeve (6) moves to the leftmost position and the valve core (5) is in the left position, the left valve port is closed; when the valve core (5) is in the right position, the right valve port is closed. The limiting component is located inside the valve body (1), and the limiting component is connected to the left end of the valve core (5) to control the sliding of the valve core (5); the limiting component can switch between the first state, the second state and the third state; When the limiting component is in the first state, the limiting component restricts the valve core (5) to the middle position; when the limiting component is in the second state, the limiting component restricts the valve core (5) from sliding between the middle position and the left position; when the limiting component is in the third state, the limiting component restricts the valve core (5) from sliding between the middle position and the right position.

2. The multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a control block (7), a control cap (14), a control cylinder (21), a right washer (17), and a left washer (19). The control block (7) is fixedly connected inside the valve body (1), and the control block (7) is provided with a left flat groove (13). The control cap (14) is fixedly connected to the right side of the control block (7), and a right flat groove (15) is provided inside the control cap (14). The left end of the control cylinder (21) is rotatably connected to the control block (7), and the right end is rotatably connected to the control cap (14). The left and right sides of the control cylinder (21) are respectively provided with a left control groove (24) and a right control groove (23) along the axial direction. The left control groove (24) and the right control groove (23) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The valve core (5) is provided with a left shoulder and a right shoulder at its left end; The left gasket (19) and the right gasket (17) are located on the left and right sides of the control cylinder (21), respectively. The left gasket (19) and the right gasket (17) are both sleeved on the valve core (5). The left gasket (19) is located on the right side of the left shoulder, and the right gasket (17) is located on the left side of the right shoulder. The left gasket (19) is provided with a left gasket pin (20), and the left gasket pin (20) is slidably connected to the left flat groove (13). The right gasket (17) is provided with a right gasket pin (18), and the right gasket pin (18) is slidably connected to the right flat groove (15).

3. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the limiting component is in the first state, the left control groove (24) and the left flat groove (13) are misaligned, the right control groove (23) and the right flat groove (15) are misaligned, and the left gasket pin (20) and the right gasket pin (18) are fixed, thereby limiting the valve core (5) in the middle position; When the limiting component is in the second state, the left control groove (24) and the left flat groove (13) are misaligned, the right control groove (23) and the right flat groove (15) are aligned, the left gasket pin (20) is fixed, and the right gasket pin (18) can slide to the left along the right control groove (23) and the right flat groove (15), thereby restricting the valve core (5) to slide between the middle position and the left position; When the limiting component is in the third state, the left control groove (24) and the left flat groove (13) are aligned, the right control groove (23) and the right flat groove (15) are offset, the left gasket pin (20) can slide to the right along the left control groove (24) and the left flat groove (13), and the right gasket pin (18) is fixed, thereby restricting the valve core (5) to slide between the middle position and the right position.

4. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting assembly also includes a small piston (27) and a small spring (28). The small piston (27) is slidably disposed in the control block (7). One end of the small piston (27) and the control block (7) form a small piston cavity (9), and the other end and the control block (7) form a small spring cavity (10). The small spring (28) is disposed in the small spring cavity (10) to drive the small piston (27) to move into the small piston cavity (9).

5. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting assembly also includes a control pawl (29) and a torsion spring (30). Multiple ratchet teeth (22) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in the middle of the control cylinder (21). The control pawl (29) is rotatably connected to the small piston (27); The torsion spring (30) is disposed in the control pawl (29) to drive the control pawl (29) to rotate toward the ratchet tooth (22).

6. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting component also includes a one-way pawl (25) and a spring (26). The one-way pawl (25) is rotatably connected within the control block (7); The reed (26) is fixedly disposed in the control block (7) to drive the one-way pawl (25) to rotate toward the ratchet (22).

7. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting component also includes a centering spring (16). The centering spring (16) is disposed between the right washer (17) and the left washer (19) to drive the right washer (17) and the left washer (19) to move away from each other.

8. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control block (7) is provided with a medium flow channel (8), which connects the B port and the left valve port.

9. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The piston valve sleeve (6) is provided with a piston disc in the middle. The right side of the piston disc and the valve body (1) form a pneumatic cavity (2). The left side of the piston disc, the right side of the control block (7) and the valve body (1) form a main spring cavity (3). The valve body (1) is also provided with port C and port D. Port C is connected to the pneumatic cavity (2), and port D is connected to the main spring cavity (3). The control block (7) is provided with a control flow channel (11) and an air flow channel (12). The control flow channel (11) connects the main spring cavity (3) and the small piston cavity (9), and the air flow channel (12) connects the small spring cavity (10) to the outside.

10. A multifunctional pneumatically controlled coaxial valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: The coaxial valve also includes a main spring (4); The main spring (4) is disposed in the main spring cavity (3) to drive the piston valve sleeve (6) to move to the right.

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