Marine shore power winch overspeed alarm device and alarm method

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine shore power winch overspeed alarm device and an alarm method. The device comprises a pulse acquisition unit, a control signal input unit and a single-chip microcomputer control unit, and further comprises an LED alarm display unit, an alarm parameter setting unit and an alarm relay trigger unit which are respectively connected with the single-chip microcomputer control unit, the pulse acquisition unit is connected with the single-chip microcomputer control unit and can transmit a pulse signal to the single-chip microcomputer control unit for data processing and judgment, and whether overspeed alarm and abnormal cable laying alarm are triggered or not is judged. The control signal input unit is also connected with the single-chip microcomputer control unit and transmits signals of the last two circles of the cable of the shore power winch to the single-chip microcomputer so as to trigger alarming of the last two circles. The ship shore power winch has the advantages that the operation safety of the ship shore power winch is remarkably improved, and the stability and safety of a ship power system are ensured; the system has multiple alarm modes and flexible alarm parameter setting, and can provide reliable safety guarantee in various complex working environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for monitoring the working status of a shore power winch on a ship and providing protection, in particular to an overspeed alarm device and an alarm method for a shore power winch on a ship. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing severity of global climate change, greenhouse gas emissions have become a major global environmental challenge. To address climate change and reduce carbon emissions in the shipping industry, countries are actively promoting the adoption of low-carbon shipping technologies. Against this backdrop, shore power technology, a key solution for green shipping, is becoming an increasingly important power supply method for ships docked at ports. Shore power systems transmit electricity from shore to ships via cables, replacing the ship's internal combustion engine generators. This reduces exhaust emissions, noise pollution, and fuel consumption while the ship is in port. Medium-voltage shore power systems connect the shore grid to the ship via cables, which are retracted and extended by shore power winches. Therefore, the proper operation of these winches is crucial to ensuring a stable power supply.

[0003] However, when using a marine winch to release the cable, the cable often falls into the sea due to gravity due to the cable being released too long, thus affecting the power supply stability of the shore power system. In addition, the application environment of marine shore power winches is complex and is also affected by multiple external factors, including the following:

[0004] First, wind loads can create additional lateral forces on winches, affecting their stability. While sailing or moored, the vessel may experience rolling and pitching movements, which can cause the relative position between the hull and the cable to change. This can be particularly challenging in strong winds and waves, significantly challenging the stability of the winch and cable, potentially causing the cable to slip or the winch to overspeed.

[0005] Secondly, the wave-induced fluctuations subject the connection between the ship and the shore power winch to periodic vertical forces. This resulting "sinking and floating" effect affects cable tension and the winch's operating state. As the ship floats, the enormous vertical forces can cause the cable to tighten or slacken, leading to abnormal cable release from the winch, potentially causing power outages or cable drops.

[0006] While some existing devices exist for monitoring winch operation, specialized monitoring devices specifically for shore power systems are rarely documented. Even simple monitoring devices that can assist with monitoring are often unreliable, failing to effectively address issues like cable detachment and abnormal cable release. They also lack effective alarm mechanisms and emergency braking protection. Therefore, a new alarm device is urgently needed to ensure the safe and reliable operation of shore power winches. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shore power winch overspeed alarm and alarm method that can monitor and automatically alarm in real time, in order to address the problems of overspeed, abnormal cable release and cable detachment caused by improper operation or environmental factors during the use of existing ship shore power winches, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the ship's shore power system.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the ship shore power winch overspeed alarm device of the present invention includes a pulse acquisition unit for real-time acquisition of pulse signals generated during the rotation of the shore power winch, a control signal input unit for transmitting the remaining amount signal of the shore power winch cable, and a single-chip microcomputer control unit for data information processing. It also includes an LED alarm display unit, an alarm parameter setting unit and an alarm relay trigger unit respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit. The safety threshold can be set through the alarm parameter setting unit. The pulse acquisition unit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit and can transmit the pulse signal generated during the real-time acquisition of the shore power winch rotation process to the single-chip microcomputer control unit for data processing and judgment, and can judge whether to trigger an overspeed alarm or an abnormal cable release alarm according to the set safety threshold. The control signal input unit is also connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit and can transmit the last two turns of the shore power winch cable to the single-chip microcomputer through the control signal input unit to trigger the last two turns alarm to ensure that the equipment responds in time under critical conditions.

[0009] The single chip microcomputer control unit, the pulse acquisition unit, the control signal input unit and the alarm relay trigger unit are all connected to a power supply unit.

[0010] The power supply unit includes a power supply DC / DC module, a filter circuit, a surge protection circuit and a single chip microcomputer power supply circuit.

[0011] The LED alarm display unit includes a power indicator light, an equipment operation indicator light, two indicator lights for detecting the status of the pulse acquisition unit, a shore power winch alarm indicator light and a three-digit digital tube.

[0012] The pulse acquisition unit includes a proximity switch input circuit for acquiring the pulse signal generated by the rotation of the winch, an acquisition unit input protection circuit, and an acquisition unit output protection circuit. The acquisition unit input protection circuit is connected to the rear end of the proximity switch input circuit. An acquisition unit isolation optocoupler for signal transmission and electrical isolation is also provided between the acquisition unit input protection circuit and the acquisition unit output protection circuit.

[0013] The control signal input unit includes a signal input circuit for cable collection and release signal input, the last two rounds alarm signal input, manual brake reset signal input and backup input, and also includes a control end input protection circuit connected to the signal input circuit end, a control end isolation optocoupler connected to the rear end of the control end input protection circuit, and a control end output protection circuit connected to the rear end of the control end isolation optocoupler.

[0014] The alarm relay trigger unit includes a signal isolation circuit and a power relay circuit. The alarm relay trigger unit is provided with an interface for externally connecting a winch brake signal.

[0015] The alarm parameter setting unit sets different safety thresholds through a four-digit dial.

[0016] An alarm method based on the above-mentioned shore power winch overspeed alarm device includes the following steps:

[0017] A. The pulse acquisition unit collects pulse signals during the winch's rotation in real time and transmits them to the single-chip microcomputer control unit. The data is processed according to the preset safety threshold to determine whether to trigger an overspeed or abnormal cable release alarm. At the same time, the control signal input unit transmits the last two rotation signals to the single-chip microcomputer, triggering the last two rotation alarm to ensure that the equipment responds promptly in critical conditions.

[0018] B. When an alarm occurs, the LED alarm display unit will immediately display the fault type and trigger the brake system through the alarm relay trigger unit to ensure that the equipment stops and prevents the cable from falling off or equipment damage; in the cable reeling and releasing mode, the overspeed and abnormal cable release alarm functions will be suppressed to avoid false alarms, but the last two turns alarm is always valid to ensure that the cable can be stopped in time during the last two turns.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] Not only can the single-chip control unit directly determine whether to trigger the overspeed alarm and abnormal cable release alarm based on the set safety threshold, but it can also trigger the last two-turn alarm by controlling the signal input of the signal input unit and set the last two-turn alarm to the highest priority; when an abnormal situation is detected, the alarm relay triggers the braking action to ensure that the shore power winch stops in time to prevent the cable from falling off or equipment damage. In the cable reeling and releasing mode, the overspeed alarm and abnormal cable release alarm functions are suppressed to avoid false alarms, but the last two-turn alarm function is still valid and triggers the alarm and starts the braking action when the last two turns of the cable are left, thereby significantly improving the operational safety of the ship's shore power winch and ensuring the stability and safety of the ship's power system; in addition, it has multiple alarm modes and flexible alarm parameter settings, and can provide reliable safety protection in various complex working environments. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has obvious advantages in intelligence, safety, reliability, etc., and is particularly suitable for ship shore power systems in complex environments. It can effectively improve the operational safety of the system and provide strong support for the safe operation of the ship's power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a principle block diagram of the overspeed alarm device for a shore power winch used on a ship according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the pulse acquisition unit in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the control signal input unit in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a circuit diagram of the alarm relay trigger unit in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The overspeed alarm device and alarm method for a shore power winch for a ship of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] As shown in the figure, the ship shore power winch overspeed alarm device of the present invention is an overspeed alarm and protection device that is designed to solve the safety problems of overspeed, abnormal cable release and cable falling caused by improper operation or environmental factors during the use of existing ship shore power winches. It can monitor and automatically alarm in real time; it includes a pulse acquisition unit for real-time acquisition of pulse signals generated during the rotation of the shore power winch, a control signal input unit for transmitting the shore power winch cable remaining signal (the signal is triggered by the shore power winch mechanical structure, that is, when there are 2 turns left, the mechanical structure pushes the micro switch to generate an alarm signal), a control signal input unit for acquiring the shore power winch "last two turns alarm" signal and a single-chip microcomputer control unit 2 for data information processing, and also includes an LED alarm display unit 5, an alarm parameter setting unit 6 and an alarm relay trigger unit 7 respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit. The single-chip microcomputer control unit 2, the pulse acquisition unit 3, the control signal input unit 4 and the alarm relay trigger unit are all connected to a power supply unit 1. The specific connection structure is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the power supply unit 1 is connected in series with the single-chip microcomputer control unit 2 to form a first circuit; the pulse acquisition unit 3 and the control signal input unit 4 are connected in parallel to form a second circuit; the alarm parameter setting unit 6, the LED alarm display unit 5 and the alarm relay trigger unit 7 are connected in parallel to form a third circuit; the first circuit and the third circuit are connected in series, and the second circuit is connected in parallel to the first circuit, and the above-mentioned units are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 2; wherein, the pulse acquisition unit is responsible for detecting the winch state; it includes a proximity switch input circuit for acquiring the pulse signal generated by the rotation of the winch, an acquisition unit input protection circuit and an acquisition unit output protection circuit, the acquisition unit input protection circuit is connected to the rear end of the proximity switch input circuit, and an acquisition unit isolation optical coupler for signal transmission and electrical isolation is also provided between the acquisition unit input protection circuit and the acquisition unit output protection circuit, such as Figure 2 The pulse acquisition unit shown uses a 785 optocoupler with an output current of 50mA for signal transmission and electrical isolation, and has good anti-interference ability; the proximity switch uses the Omron E2E-X2D 1-N model to collect the pulse signal generated by the rotation of the winch; the control signal input unit includes signal input circuits for receiving and releasing cable signals, receiving the last two turns alarm signal, manual brake reset signal input, and backup input, and also includes a control end input protection circuit connected to the signal input circuit end, a control end isolation optocoupler connected to the rear end of the control end input protection circuit, and a control end output protection circuit connected to the rear end of the control end isolation optocoupler, as shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown in the figure, the unit consists of a protection circuit and a 187 optocoupler isolation circuit, and has excellent anti-interference performance; the alarm relay trigger unit is the core part of the winch control, which includes a signal isolation circuit and a power relay circuit. The alarm relay trigger unit is provided with an interface for connecting an external winch brake signal to realize alarm triggering, such as Figure 4 As shown, the unit consists of three power relays, which are driven by 187 isolation optocouplers and have a mechanical life of up to 2×10^7 times; the LED alarm display unit is the core of the display part, which includes a power indicator light, an equipment (i.e., shore power winch) operation indicator light, two indicator lights for detecting the status of the pulse acquisition unit, a shore power winch alarm indicator light, and a three-digit digital tube (the three-digit digital tube uses a common cathode digital tube). It has two display modes to display the detected shore power winch rotation speed in real time, and displays the corresponding fault code when the alarm is triggered, so that the operator can quickly locate the problem and facilitate maintenance. The three alarm modes correspond to three fault codes. The fault code AL is displayed when the overspeed alarm is triggered. 1. The abnormal cable-releasing alarm displays fault code AL2, and the last two-turn alarm displays fault code AL3; the alarm parameter setting unit is used to set the safety threshold of the winch overspeed device. The alarm parameter setting unit sets 16 different safety thresholds through a four-digit dial, which can adapt to different models of shore power winches. The safety threshold can be set through the alarm parameter setting unit. The pulse acquisition unit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit, and the pulse signal generated during the rotation of the shore power winch collected in real time by the pulse acquisition unit can be transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer control unit. The single-chip microcomputer control unit processes and judges the data and can judge whether to trigger the overspeed alarm or the abnormal cable-releasing alarm according to the safety threshold set by the alarm parameter setting unit. Since the control signal input unit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit, the signal of the last two turns of the shore power winch cable can be transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer through the control signal input unit to trigger the last two turns alarm, so as to ensure that the equipment responds in time under critical conditions. The device can adapt to complex working environments and provide reliable safety protection.

[0028] The various units in the marine shore power winch overspeed alarm device of the present invention are connected through different circuits and work together to ensure that the device can collect the pulse signal of the winch rotation in real time, calculate the rotation speed and determine whether it is overspeeding, display the alarm information and trigger the braking action. The power supply unit is responsible for supplying power to each module and has surge protection and filtering functions to ensure stable operation of the equipment. The single-chip microcomputer operation control unit is responsible for data processing and alarm judgment, while the pulse acquisition unit is used to collect the working status signal of the winch. The control signal input unit is used for the user to control the working mode of the alarm device, and the LED alarm display unit provides real-time status indication. The alarm parameter setting unit allows the user to customize the alarm threshold, and the alarm relay trigger unit is responsible for executing the alarm and controlling external devices such as the brake system. The device ensures that the winch can alarm in time and take necessary protective measures under abnormal conditions, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the marine shore power winch. During specific operation, the pulse signal generated by the winch rotation is transmitted to the single-chip control unit 2 through the pulse acquisition unit 3. After logical operation, the single-chip microcomputer displays the winch rotation speed and alarm type on the LED alarm display unit 5, and at the same time controls the alarm relay trigger unit 7 to trigger the braking action; and the control signal input unit 4 transmits the control signal to the single-chip microcomputer operation control unit 2. After logical judgment, the single-chip microcomputer can switch to the cable retracting and releasing mode, or perform a manual brake reset, or trigger the last two-turn alarm. The LED alarm display unit 5 will display the corresponding alarm information, and the alarm relay trigger unit 7 will trigger the braking action.

[0029] Furthermore, the power supply unit includes a power supply DC / DC module, a filtering circuit, a surge protection circuit and a single-chip microcomputer power supply circuit, wherein the equipment power supply adopts a DC 18-36V power supply, and the surge protection circuit can effectively resist 0.5KV surge and 6KV contact electrostatic discharge. For example: the 24V DC voltage can be converted to 5V through the Zhiyuan DCDC switching power supply (model E1205UQFCS-3W), and then the 5V voltage can be converted to 3.3V through the linear regulator to power the single-chip microcomputer operation control unit 2, the LED alarm display unit 5 and the alarm parameter setting unit 6. The surge protection and EMI filtering circuits set at the front end of the power supply unit 1 can prevent lightning The 24V DC voltage passes through the surge protection and EMI filtering circuits and then supplies power to the pulse acquisition unit 3, the control signal input unit 4 and the alarm relay trigger unit 7. In addition, the single-chip microcomputer control unit includes a 72MHz main frequency ARM core single-chip microcomputer, a single-chip microcomputer minimum system, and a data memory. The data memory can store user setting values ​​and alarm records. Specifically, it can be composed of an M3 core CPU, a chip program download circuit, a data storage circuit, and a quartz crystal oscillator circuit. The M3 core CPU adopts an STM32F103 chip with a main frequency of up to 72MHz.

[0030] Example 2:

[0031] The alarm method of the present invention based on the above-mentioned shore power winch overspeed alarm device includes the following steps:

[0032] A. The pulse acquisition unit collects the pulse signal of the winch during rotation in real time and transmits it to the single-chip microcomputer control unit for data processing and judgment. The data processing is performed according to the preset safety threshold, that is, the single-chip microcomputer control unit determines whether to trigger the overspeed or abnormal cable release alarm; at the same time, the control signal input unit transmits the signal of the last two turns of the shore power winch cable to the single-chip microcomputer, triggering the last two turns alarm (the last two turns alarm has the highest priority) to ensure that the equipment responds in time under critical conditions. The abnormal conditions refer to (1) the wave action caused by the waves causes the connection between the hull and the shore power winch to be affected by the periodic vertical force, and the resulting "sinking and floating" effect will affect the cable tension and the working state of the winch. During the floating process of the hull, the huge vertical force may cause the cable to be tightened or loosened, and the cable may be slowly pulled into the sea water, thereby causing the winch to release the cable abnormally; (2) The wind load will generate additional lateral force on the winch equipment, affecting its stability. During navigation or mooring, the hull may experience movements such as rolling and pitching. These movements may cause the relative position between the hull and the cable to change, causing the cable to slowly fall off, resulting in abnormal cable release;

[0033] B. When an abnormal situation is detected, an alarm will be triggered. The LED alarm display unit will immediately light up the alarm light and display the fault type. At the same time, the alarm relay trigger unit will trigger the brake action to ensure that the shore power winch stops in time to prevent the cable from falling off or equipment damage. In the cable reeling and releasing mode, the overspeed and abnormal cable release alarm functions will be suppressed to avoid false alarms, but the last two turns alarm is always valid. When the last two turns of the cable are left, the alarm will be triggered and the brake action will be activated to ensure that the cable can be stopped in time when the last two turns of the cable are left.

[0034] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine shore power winch overspeed alarm device, characterized by: It includes a pulse acquisition unit for real-time acquisition of pulse signals generated during the rotation of the shore power winch, a control signal input unit for transmitting the remaining signal of the shore power winch cable, and a single-chip microcomputer control unit for data information processing. It also includes an LED alarm display unit, an alarm parameter setting unit and an alarm relay trigger unit respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit. The safety threshold can be set through the alarm parameter setting unit. The pulse acquisition unit is connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit and can transmit the pulse signal generated during the rotation of the shore power winch in real time to the single-chip microcomputer control unit for data processing and judgment, and can judge whether to trigger an overspeed alarm or an abnormal cable release alarm according to the set safety threshold. The control signal input unit is also connected to the single-chip microcomputer control unit and can transmit the last two turns of the shore power winch cable to the single-chip microcomputer through the control signal input unit to trigger the last two turns alarm, so as to ensure that the equipment responds in time under critical conditions.

2. The shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single chip microcomputer control unit, the pulse acquisition unit, the control signal input unit and the alarm relay trigger unit are all connected to a power supply unit.

3. The shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power supply unit includes a power supply DC / DC module, a filter circuit, a surge protection circuit and a single chip microcomputer power supply circuit.

4. The shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The LED alarm display unit includes a power indicator light, an equipment operation indicator light, two indicator lights for detecting the status of the pulse acquisition unit, a shore power winch alarm indicator light and a three-digit digital tube.

5. The shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The pulse acquisition unit includes a proximity switch input circuit for acquiring the pulse signal generated by the rotation of the winch, an acquisition unit input protection circuit, and an acquisition unit output protection circuit. The acquisition unit input protection circuit is connected to the rear end of the proximity switch input circuit. An acquisition unit isolation optocoupler for signal transmission and electrical isolation is also provided between the acquisition unit input protection circuit and the acquisition unit output protection circuit.

6. The shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control signal input unit includes a signal input circuit for cable collection and release signal input, the last two rounds alarm signal input, manual brake reset signal input and backup input, and also includes a control end input protection circuit connected to the signal input circuit end, a control end isolation optocoupler connected to the rear end of the control end input protection circuit, and a control end output protection circuit connected to the rear end of the control end isolation optocoupler.

7. The shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, characterized in that: The alarm relay trigger unit includes a signal isolation circuit and a power relay circuit. The alarm relay trigger unit is provided with an interface for externally connecting a winch brake signal.

8. The shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The alarm parameter setting unit sets different safety thresholds through a four-digit dial.

9. An alarm method based on the shore power winch overspeed alarm device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. The pulse acquisition unit collects pulse signals during the winch rotation process in real time and transmits them to the single-chip microcomputer control unit. The data is processed according to the preset safety threshold to determine whether to trigger an overspeed or abnormal cable release alarm. At the same time, the control signal input unit can transmit the last two rotation signals to the single-chip microcomputer, triggering the last two rotation alarm to ensure that the equipment responds promptly in critical conditions. B. When an alarm occurs, the LED alarm display unit will immediately display the fault type and trigger the brake system through the alarm relay trigger unit to ensure that the shore power winch stops; in the cable reeling and releasing mode, the overspeed and abnormal cable release alarm functions will be suppressed, but the last two turns alarm is always valid to ensure that the winch can be stopped in time when the cable is in the last two turns.

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