Concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electric strengthening and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electric strengthening and a control method. The system comprises a concentric circle circulating flow reactor, a microbial electric strengthening unit and an AI driving control unit, a concentric circle double-ring gallery and multi-point water inlet and multi-point backflow achieve a complete mixed flow type flow state of transverse plug flow and longitudinal circulation flow, the concentric circle circulation flow state is coupled with the microbial electric strengthening unit to form gas-liquid-solid-electricity four-phase turbulent flow to break a mass transfer boundary layer, and the contact efficiency and the mass transfer efficiency of sewage and microorganisms are strengthened. The anodes and the cathodes of concentric circle structures are closely arranged to generate electric field gradient to regulate and control spatial distribution of microbial communities, dynamic polarity switching is achieved through an AI system, the reactor is endowed with the self-adaptive capacity for coping with water quality fluctuation, and the sewage carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment efficiency is improved in a breakthrough mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical intensification and a control method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mainstream technology in the field of sewage treatment is still the biological treatment process with activated sludge method, biofilm method and various improved processes as the core, but its technical bottlenecks in flow distribution, space utilization, carbon emissions and energy consumption, and treatment efficiency are becoming increasingly prominent.

[0003] Traditional activated sludge processes (such as AAO and oxidation ditches) often rely on mechanical agitation or unidirectional flow, which can easily lead to uneven water flow distribution, such as hydraulic dead zones and short-circuits. This can result in uneven sludge activity and low reactor volume utilization. While biofilm processes improve stability and adaptability to water quality fluctuations by immobilizing microorganisms on carriers, their fixed-bed structure is prone to localized blockages. Uncontrolled biofilm thickness can hinder internal mass transfer, significantly reducing the adsorption and degradation rate of high-concentration, recalcitrant organic matter.

[0004] The biological denitrification and denitrification process of traditional biological treatment technology is highly dependent on external carbon sources, which will increase operating costs and even cause secondary pollution. In addition, the spatial isolation between the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone in the traditional process leads to poor electron transfer pathways, making it difficult for denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria to work together efficiently, thereby limiting the improvement of denitrification efficiency.

[0005] Traditional biological treatment technologies struggle to effectively degrade recalcitrant organic matter, often found in wastewater, due to the limited specificity of microbial metabolic enzymes. This requires extended residence times, significantly increasing energy consumption and footprint. While existing electrochemical technologies can enhance electron transfer through an applied potential to promote the degradation and removal of recalcitrant organic matter, they also face challenges such as excessive thickening of the biofilm on the electrode surface due to a lack of fluid shear force regulation, further exacerbating mass transfer limitations.

[0006] Traditional sewage treatment technologies are mostly limited to a single discipline. For example, biological treatment technology focuses on the regulation of microbial metabolism. Electrically enhanced bioreactors mostly adopt a single flow state design or focus on the electrode reaction mechanism. Fluid mechanics only considers the optimization of water flow morphology. The existing electric field and microbial metabolism have insufficient synergistic efficiency, and lack a multi-parameter coupling dynamic control mechanism.

[0007] The process design in the field of sewage treatment is highly dependent on the accuracy of mathematical models and calculation formulas. In terms of engineering application design calculations, traditional designs calculate volume, reflux, and points separately and ignore the hydraulic linkage. For example, the traditional volume V and nitrification liquid reflux Q rThe calculation formula relies on a fixed hydraulic retention time and sludge age while ignoring dynamic fluctuations in water quality (such as the influent carbon-nitrogen ratio, pollutant concentration gradient, dissolved oxygen carrying capacity, hydraulic shock, etc.), resulting in design redundancy or insufficient efficiency. The biological reaction and electrochemical system are calculated independently without quantifying the biological-electrochemical synergistic effect, which makes it impossible to match the flow pattern-reaction coupling relationship, and the actual operating efficiency often falls short of expectations. In addition, traditional methods often rely on empirical values ​​to set multiple water inlet / return flow positions without setting a quantitative model based on the flow pattern, resulting in design deviations. As a result, the positional relationship between the water inlet and return flow holes in the gas-liquid-solid mixed system cannot be effectively correlated, which in turn prevents the water flow pattern in the pool from truly achieving complete mixing, resulting in mass transfer efficiency and removal effect that do not meet expectations.

[0008] In terms of automated control of sewage treatment systems: existing systems mostly use PLC or SCADA independent control units, and each module is adjusted based on a single parameter threshold and lacks a multi-parameter collaborative optimization mechanism; the current density of the bioelectrochemical system mostly uses a fixed value or manual adjustment without linking it to microbial activity; the execution units such as flow, aeration, and electrodes operate independently, and a global optimization strategy for the coupling of flow state-bio-electrochemical reactions has not been established.

[0009] Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to develop a sewage treatment technology that has uniform water flow distribution, high mass transfer efficiency, small equipment footprint, denitrification efficiency that does not rely on external carbon sources, strong ability to treat difficult-to-degrade organic matter, and a control system with multi-field coordinated optimization during the sewage treatment process. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In response to the shortcomings of traditional sewage treatment reactors, such as uneven water flow distribution and poor mass transfer efficiency, large equipment footprint, dependence of denitrification efficiency on external carbon sources, weak treatment capacity for difficult-to-degrade organic matter, and bottlenecks in automated control, the present invention provides a concentric circular flow sewage treatment system and control method based on electrical intensification, which breaks through the single-disciplinary limitations of traditional sewage treatment and overcomes bottlenecks such as low mass transfer efficiency, high energy consumption for denitrification, and difficulty in treating difficult-to-degrade organic matter.

[0011] The concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement proposed in the present invention realizes uniform water flow distribution, efficient mass transfer, compact space, enhanced pollution removal and coordinated regulation through an innovative concentric circle corridor structure, multi-dimensional circulating flow design and a four-field coupling mechanism of "physical field + biological field + electric field + information field", providing a systematic solution for breaking through the bottleneck of traditional sewage treatment technology.

[0012] Specifically, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement, which includes a concentric circle circulating flow reactor, a microbial electrical enhancement unit, and an AI drive control unit.

[0013] The concentric circle circulating flow reactor adopts an inner and outer concentric circle ring structure. The outer anoxic zone gallery and the inner aerobic zone gallery are separated by the inner circle pool wall, forming a double-ring nested space. A flow propeller is provided at the bottom of the outer anoxic zone to drive water flow in the outer gallery to form a horizontal circulation flow. After sewage flows in through the water inlet pipe, a ring pipe is provided on the top of the inner wall of the outer circle to distribute multiple water inlets. An aerator is provided at the bottom of the inner aerobic zone, and multiple water holes are provided at the bottom of the inner circle pool wall and a multiple-point air lift reflux system is provided on the top. The air lift power of the aerator provided at the bottom of the inner circle is used to cause the water flow to form a longitudinal circulation flow pattern of inner circle upflow and outer circle downflow. The treated water is collected by the water collecting weir at the top of the inner circle and discharged through the outlet pipe. The entire reactor is coupled in longitudinal and transverse circulation, presenting a completely mixed flow pattern.

[0014] The microbial electrical enhancement unit is constructed by covering the inner and outer walls of the inner circle of the reactor with three-dimensional arc-shaped electrode materials and connecting an external power supply to form concentric circle partitions, wherein the inner circle is the cathode of the aerobic zone and the outer circle is the anode of the anoxic zone.

[0015] The AI-driven optimization control unit integrates a multi-parameter sensor array, an edge computing unit, and a dynamic execution module. It dynamically controls the parameters of fluid, electric field, aeration, water inlet distribution, and mixed liquid reflux through a machine learning model, realizing four-dimensional collaborative optimization control of "physical field + biological field + electric field + information field."

[0016] Pipeline distribution flow is used for multi-point water inlet, and the air lift reflux system is used to reflux the mixed liquid to the outer anoxic zone at multiple points. In actual operation, the water quality, water quantity, treatment requirements and process parameters of the influent can be combined to adjust and optimize the water inlet or reflux to ensure that the multi-point water inlet and multi-point reflux system can operate efficiently and stably. The air lift reflux system includes an inverted cone-shaped manifold and a reflux pipe. The manifold is set at a certain water depth in the inner circle. The top of the manifold is connected to a reflux pipe and a reflux control valve. Multiple sets of manifolds and reflux pipes on the top of the inner circle reflux the mixed liquid to the outer anoxic zone to form a longitudinal circulation.

[0017] The multiple water inlets in the outer ring, the multiple water holes at the bottom of the inner ring, the return points at the top of the inner ring, and the lateral push flow create a fully mixed annular circulation flow pattern, promoting uniform material distribution and efficient mass transfer within the system. The multiple water holes along the circumferential direction of the inner ring wall bottom and the multiple air lift return system at the top are staggered to form a longitudinal circulation. Combined with the lateral circulation in the outer anoxic zone, this creates a coupled longitudinal and lateral circulation pattern, presenting a fully mixed flow pattern. Specifically, the unique spatially staggered distribution of the multiple water inlets in the upper annular conduit of the outer anoxic zone, the multiple water holes at the bottom of the inner and outer ring separating pools, and the multiple air lift return pipes at the top maximizes the complexity of the water flow path within a limited space, fully utilizing the dynamic characteristics of the water flow to achieve annular partitioned longitudinal circulation in the inner aerobic zone and outer anoxic zone, forming a denitrification self-circulating path.

[0018] The concentric circulating flow reactor adopts an inner and outer concentric ring structure. The outer anoxic zone corridor mainly undergoes phosphorus release and denitrification reaction under an anoxic environment, and the ammonia nitrogen in the influent can undergo anaerobic ammonia oxidation with the nitrate nitrogen in the reflux mixed liquid. The inner aerobic zone corridor mainly undergoes nitrification reaction, polyphosphate bacteria absorb phosphorus and other biological reaction processes.

[0019] Furthermore, the microbial electrical enhancement unit installs a three-dimensional electrode with a calcium-magnesium-based composite coating on the outer wall of the inner ring of the reactor to form an anoxic bio-anode zone, and covers the inner wall of the inner ring with a three-dimensional carbon felt composite material to form an aerobic bio-cathode zone. Combined with the reactor's circulating flow pattern, this forms a unique "electric field + microorganism + fluid" three-field coupled synergistic enhancement system. The external power supply supports an output voltage of 0.1-2.0V and has a dynamic polarity switching function with an adjustable switching frequency. Dynamic polarity switching is an active adaptation strategy based on changes in sewage characteristics and the active regeneration of electrode biofilms, improving the adaptability of the microbial electrical enhancement unit by reconstructing functional zones.

[0020] When the microbial electroenhancement unit is energized, a directional electric field is formed between the inner (cathode) and outer (anode) rings, driving ion migration. The three-dimensional electrode region of the anode, a calcium-magnesium-based composite coating, releases calcium and magnesium ions, attracting phosphate from the wastewater in the anoxic outer ring to the vicinity of the anode, where it precipitates hydroxyapatite or struvite, completing electrodeposition phosphorus removal. Simultaneously, the area near the anoxic anode facilitates the accumulation of anaerobic / facultative bacteria (denitrifying and electrogenic bacteria), which oxidize organic matter to generate electricity and provide electron flow to the system. The three-dimensional carbon felt composite material region of the cathode utilizes nitrate and nitrite nitrogen produced by aerobic nitrification in the inner ring for cathodic denitrification, while promoting oxygen reduction to produce hydrogen peroxide, which promotes the oxidative decomposition of recalcitrant organic matter. Furthermore, the area near the aerobic cathode facilitates the accumulation of nitrifying bacteria in the aerobic biofilm, accelerating nitrification. The cathode reaction also promotes biological processes such as hydrogenotrophic denitrification.

[0021] The microbial electrical enhancement unit utilizes a unique concentric tubular configuration, with the cathode and anode materials tightly fitted to the inner and outer walls of the reactor's inner ring, cleverly creating a zoned environment. The inner aerobic cathode and outer anoxic anode environments are conducive to the growth of microorganisms with different metabolic types, synergistically promoting organic matter degradation and biological nitrification and denitrification. By enhancing electron transfer through an applied electric potential, the decomposition efficiency of recalcitrant organic matter is increased and electron acceptors are provided for the denitrification process. The unique "electric field-microorganism-fluid" three-field coupling synergy enhances carbon reduction, nitrogen removal, and phosphorus removal, improving the efficiency of the entire wastewater treatment system.

[0022] The circulating flow pattern of the entire sewage treatment system can ensure full contact between the microorganisms on the electrode surface and the pollutants, which is conducive to the transfer of substances (substrates, ions, electrons) between the electrode surface and the biofilm. Oxygen reduction reaction occurs at the cathode and enhances aerobic nitrification. The anode promotes microbial electron transfer and accelerates denitrification and phosphorus precipitation, effectively improving the carbon reduction, nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal efficiency of the device, and achieving a breakthrough improvement in sewage treatment efficiency.

[0023] Under the synergistic effect of the three fields of "electric field-microorganism-fluid field", the following biochemical reactions mainly occur in the entire sewage treatment system: sewage is distributed through multiple points on the top of the outer circle into the outer circle anoxic zone for organic matter degradation, electroplating phosphorus removal, anode carbon oxidation, anaerobic ammonia oxidation of nitrate nitrogen in the reflux mixed liquid and influent ammonia nitrogen, and anoxic denitrification denitrification is carried out using the influent carbon source; the effluent from the outer circle anoxic zone enters the inner circle aerobic zone through multiple water holes at the bottom, undergoes aerobic nitrification and cathode denitrification reactions, and the generated hydrogen peroxide is used to oxidize difficult-to-degrade organic matter.

[0024] Furthermore, to address the bottlenecks in the automated control of the sewage treatment system, an AI-driven optimization control unit is introduced that integrates a multi-parameter sensor array, an edge computing unit, and a dynamic execution module. Through a machine learning model, the parameters of the fluid, electric field, aeration, water distribution, and mixed liquid reflux are dynamically controlled to achieve four-dimensional collaborative optimization and control of "physical field + biological field + electric field + information field".

[0025] Furthermore, the AI ​​drive control unit includes a multi-parameter sensor array, an edge control module, and a dynamic execution module.

[0026] The multi-parameter sensor array includes electrochemical activity sensors embedded in the anode and cathode surfaces of the microbial electrical enhancement unit, impedance spectrum microbial activity sensors in the inner and outer corridors, dissolved oxygen / redox potential / pH integrated probes deployed at different depths in the inner and outer circles, an ultraviolet-visible spectrum water quality analyzer, and a three-dimensional acoustic Doppler flowmeter.

[0027] The edge computing unit runs the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory Network) water quality prediction model and reinforcement learning control algorithm to dynamically generate control instructions.

[0028] The dynamic execution module controls the frequency converter of the flowmaker, the aeration volume regulating valve, the electrolysis voltage controller, the multi-point water inlet proportional valve, and the gas lift reflux controller, and adjusts the flowmaker, aeration volume, electrode power supply, water inlet flow distribution, and gas lift reflux volume in real time.

[0029] Furthermore, the reinforcement learning control algorithm generates control instructions based on the multi-objective function of water output excess, efficiency improvement, flow field uniformity, and energy consumption reduction. The action space includes: The bottom flow pusher has a speed adjustment and direction switching function; the speed adjustment range is 50%-150%.

[0030] The air volume of the bottom aerator is graded and regulated; the air volume range of the aerator is 1-20m³ air / m³ sewage.

[0031] The voltage, current density and polarity of the external power supply are dynamically switched; the voltage control range is 0.5-2.0V; the current density control range is 0.5-10.0A / m².

[0032] The water flow distribution ratio of multiple water inlet points on the top of the outer ring is adjustable from 0 to 100%. The reflux ratio of the mixed liquid in the inner ring is regulated and adjustable from 100 to 400%.

[0033] Furthermore, the dynamic execution module is configured as follows: the external power supply has a dynamic polarity switching function; when the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the inlet water is <4, the inner circle electrode is switched to the anode and the outer circle electrode is switched to the cathode to achieve dynamic reorganization of the functional areas; when the electrochemical activity sensor detects that the internal resistance of the cathode biofilm rises above the threshold, it triggers periodic polarity reversal; the reversal period is calibrated online by cyclic voltammetry, and the range is 10-60 seconds.

[0034] When the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the influent is low, the anoxic anode of the microbial electrical enhancement unit consumes organic matter, resulting in insufficient carbon sources for anoxic denitrification. At this time, controlling the polarity switch to turn the outer ring into the cathode allows the organic matter enriched in the cathode zone to provide a carbon source for denitrification while avoiding the waste of carbon sources from anodic oxidation. Simultaneously, the inner ring anode strengthens ammonia nitrogen nitrification, alleviating nitrification pressure. By reorganizing the electrode functional zones and enriching and utilizing organic carbon in situ, the traditional denitrification process, which requires an external carbon source, is overcome, effectively improving denitrification efficiency.

[0035] During operation, microbial electroenhancement units can experience electrode scaling and excessive biofilm thickness. Excessive biofilm growth increases internal resistance, decreases electrode activity, and shortens electrode life. Cyclic voltammetry is used to online monitor redox peak shifts and dynamically calibrate the reversal cycle. By changing the direction of the electric field, the cathode is instantly transformed into the anode, allowing electrochemical oxidation to strip the excessively thick biofilm, reducing internal resistance and extending electrode life. Furthermore, the alternating electric field generated by polarity switching can promote the extracellular electron transfer rate of microorganisms, enhancing the "electrochemical-biological" synergistic effect by stimulating microbial metabolism through the electric field.

[0036] Dynamic polarity switching is an active adaptation strategy based on changes in sewage characteristics and regeneration of electrode biofilm activity, which improves the adaptive ability of the microbial electrical enhancement unit by reconstructing functional areas.

[0037] During operation, the sewage treatment system evenly distributes the influent carbon source through multiple points at the top of the outer ring, entering the outer anoxic zone for denitrification. Nitrate nitrogen generated by the nitrification reaction in the inner ring is then returned to the outer anoxic zone through a multi-point recirculation system, where it reacts with the influent ammonia nitrogen for anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification. Simultaneously, the anode of the microbial electro-enhancement unit undergoes carbon oxidation, generating electrons that are transferred to the cathode of the inner ring, causing cathodic denitrification of nitrate nitrogen in the inner aerobic zone. When the influent carbon-nitrogen ratio is low, the polarity of the microbial electro-enhancement unit switches, turning the outer ring into a cathode. Organic matter accumulated in the cathode zone provides a carbon source for denitrification. Meanwhile, the inner anode enhances ammonia nitrogen nitrification, effectively improving denitrification efficiency.

[0038] The design and calculation method of the sewage treatment system reactor includes the reactor design calculation based on the circulation flow pattern of multiple water inlet and multiple return points and the electric field-biological synergy, including the calculation of the reactor volume and the number of inner circle mixed liquid return points.

[0039] Furthermore, the effective volume V of the outer anoxic zone of the reaction system is n The calculation is shown in (Formula 1): (Formula 1); Effective volume of outer ring hypoxic zone V n Affected by chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen comprehensive removal rate and dissolved oxygen, the outer ring effective reaction empirical coefficient F is introduced n , Dissolved oxygen inhibition half-saturation constant K in the outer ring of the device n 、COD half-saturation constant K of the outer ring of the device COD The outer ring volume of the real-time correction device at low carbon-nitrogen ratio or high removal rate; the synergistic denitrification of electric enhancement and biological reaction is affected by the biofilm on the electrode surface and the flow state, and the introduction of η e Dynamically reflect the mass transfer efficiency of the electrode-microorganism interface and quantify the gain of the electrode on nitrogen removal; Where: V n : Effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³; Q: Total water flow rate of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; TN in : Total nitrogen concentration in the sewage treatment system influent, mg / L; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in effluent from sewage treatment system, mg / L; T: sewage temperature, °C; η e : The empirical value of electronic utilization rate of sewage treatment system is 0.6~0.8; F: Faraday constant, 96485C / mol; F n : The empirical coefficient of the effective reaction of the outer ring is 0.5~1.0; Y: sludge yield coefficient, taken as 0.3~0.6kgVSS / kgBOD5; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, 0.03~0.06kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X n : Average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor of the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, gMLSS / L; DO n : Dissolved oxygen concentration in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, the value is ≤0.5mg / L; K n : The half-saturation inhibition constant of dissolved oxygen in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system is 0.1~0.3mg / L; K COD : The COD (chemical oxygen demand) half-saturation constant of the outer ring of the sewage treatment system is 20~50mg / L; j n : Current density of the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, A / m 2 , with a value of 0.5~1.5; A n : Effective area of ​​the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, m 2 ; COD in : COD concentration of sewage treatment system influent, mg / L; COD out : COD concentration of sewage treatment system effluent, mg / L.

[0040] The ratio of the volume of the outer anoxic zone to the effective volume of the inner aerobic zone is 1:(1.5~3.0).

[0041] The geometric dimensions of the sewage treatment system can be calculated based on the geometric relationship between the total volume of the reactor and the diameters of the inner and outer rings.

[0042] Furthermore, the mixed liquid reflux flow rate Q in the inner circle of the reactor r The calculation of is shown in (Formula 2): (Formula 2); Inner ring mixed liquid reflux flow Q r The calculation formula is determined by the balance between bioelectrochemical denitrification capacity and nitrate nitrogen load; the denominator of the formula is nitrate nitrogen load, and f is introduced C / N Real-time correction of the effect of carbon source limitation on denitrification efficiency; combined with the characteristics of the airlift loop reactor, the denitrification rate K de After temperature correction, the molecular term is introduced into the electrically enhanced denitrification contribution term Quantify the biological and electrochemical dual-driven nitrogen removal capacity of the outer anoxic zone; Where: Q r : Return flow rate of mixed liquid in the inner circle of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; Q: Total water flow rate of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; T: sewage temperature, °C; V n : Effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, 0.03~0.06kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X o : Average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor in the inner circle of the sewage treatment system, gMLSS / L; f C / N : Correction factor for the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the sewage treatment system inlet, ranging from 0.6 to 1.5; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in effluent from sewage treatment system, mg / L; TKN out : Total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentration in the effluent of the sewage treatment reactor, mg / L; j n : Current density of the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, A / m 2 , with a value of 0.5~1.5; A n : Effective area of ​​the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, m 2 ; η e : The empirical value of electronic utilization rate of sewage treatment system is 0.6~0.8; F: Faraday constant, 96485C / mol; △COD n : COD removal capacity in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, mg / L.

[0043] Furthermore, the number of reflux points n in the multi-point water inlet, multi-point water hole and gas lift reflux system is the same, and its calculation is shown in (Equation 3): (Formula 3); The introduction of C / N dynamically adjusts the distribution of water inlet points according to real-time water quality data to adapt to water quality fluctuations and strengthen the dispersed utilization of carbon sources; the nitrification liquid return flow rate will affect the actual hydraulic retention time of the outer anoxic zone and the concentration of substances participating in the reaction. The number of water inlet points is correlated with the nitrification liquid return flow rate Q rThe system is linked to perform dynamic adjustments and a safety adjustment factor k is introduced to take into account the uncertainty of water quality fluctuations and changes in reactor operating conditions to ensure the uniformity and stability of the inlet water distribution. Where: n: the number of reflux points at the top of the inner circle of the sewage treatment system reactor; k: safety adjustment empirical coefficient, ranging from 1.0 to 1.5; Q: Total water flow rate of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; TN in : Total nitrogen concentration in the sewage treatment system influent, mg / L; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in effluent from sewage treatment system, mg / L; Q r : Return flow rate in the inner aerobic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³ / d; T: sewage temperature, °C; TN r : Total nitrogen concentration of the inner reflux liquid of the sewage treatment system, mg / L; C / N: The ratio of COD to TN in the actual influent of the sewage treatment system; V n : Effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, 0.03~0.06kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X o : Average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor in the inner circle of the sewage treatment system, gMLSS / L; K s : biological reaction half-saturation constant, ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 g / L; A: The effective impact area of ​​a single water inlet point in the outer anoxic zone, m 2 ; f: Mass transfer empirical coefficient, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5.

[0044] The present invention also protects the AI ​​control method for the concentric circular flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement as described above, comprising the following steps: S1: Real-time acquisition of fluid dynamics, water quality parameters, electrochemistry, and biological metabolism data through a multi-parameter sensor array; The multi-parameter sensor array is selected as a three-dimensional acoustic Doppler flowmeter. Dissolved oxygen / redox potential / pH integrated probes and UV-visible spectrometer water quality analyzers are deployed at different depths in the inner and outer circles to detect water quality parameters. Electrochemical activity sensors on the anode and cathode surfaces of the microbial electrical enhancement unit are used to measure electrochemical data, and impedance spectrum microbial activity sensors in the inner and outer circle corridors are used to detect biological metabolic data. A three-dimensional acoustic Doppler flowmeter is deployed to collect flow velocity vectors and flow field uniformity fluid dynamics indicators to quantify turbulence intensity and flow field uniformity. A UV-visible spectrometer water quality analyzer is deployed to simultaneously detect COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus online. concentration; integrated dissolved oxygen / redox potential / pH probes are placed at different depths in the inner and outer circles to obtain dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and pH values ​​to identify the redox gradients in the inner and outer circles; electrochemical activity sensors are placed on the anode and cathode surfaces of the microbial electrical enhancement unit to collect current efficiency, electrode potential, and charge transfer resistance data in real time to monitor electron transfer efficiency; impedance spectrum microbial activity sensors are placed in the inner and outer corridors to collect oxygen consumption rate and analyze the metabolic status of the biofilm in real time; the multi-dimensional data (fluid, water quality, electrochemistry, biology) collected in real time reflects the current operating status of the system, and the above data is the basis of the edge computing unit prediction model; S2: The edge computing unit receives the real-time data collected above and pre-processes it. It then inputs the processed data into the pre-trained LSTM model to predict the changing trends of key water quality indicators in the next 15 minutes. The LSTM model is run, inputting real-time sensor data to predict the changing trends of key water quality indicators over the next 15 minutes. The reinforcement learning control algorithm generates control instructions based on the multi-objective functions of water output exceeding the standard, efficiency improvement, flow field uniformity, and energy consumption reduction. S3: The reinforcement learning control algorithm outputs the optimal execution parameter combination based on the above prediction results and the current state of the system; S4: The dynamic execution module receives the generated optimal execution parameter combination and converts it into a control signal to jointly adjust the flow propeller, aeration volume, electrode power supply, inlet water distribution and air lift return flow; The optimal execution parameter combination output by the reinforcement learning control algorithm is converted into control signals by the dynamic execution module: the frequency converter of the flow pusher adjusts the motor speed and direction; the aeration volume regulating valve controls the air volume of the aeration fan; the electrolysis voltage controller sets the voltage, current density and polarity (including whether to trigger the polarity reversal mode); the multi-point water inlet proportional valve adjusts the opening of n water inlet points; and the air lift return controller adjusts the valve opening on the air lift return pipeline.

[0045] After executing the above steps, the system enters a new state, and the sensor collects data again, forming a closed-loop feedback to continuously optimize the control.

[0046] The present invention also protects the above-mentioned method for treating sewage using the concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement, comprising the following steps: Step S1: The sewage enters the outer anoxic zone through multiple points on the top of the outer ring, and the nitrate nitrogen in the reflux mixed liquid undergoes anaerobic ammonia oxidation with the influent ammonia nitrogen, and denitrification and denitrification are carried out using the influent carbon source, while organic matter degradation and electro-deposition phosphorus removal are carried out simultaneously; Step S2: The water from the outer anoxic zone enters the inner aerobic zone through multiple water holes at the bottom. Nitrification and cathode denitrification reactions are carried out simultaneously in the upward flow, and the generated H2O2 is used to oxidize the refractory organic matter. In step S3, the multi-point gas lift reflux device at the top of the inner ring drives the mixed liquid to reflux at multiple points to the outer ring anoxic zone, forming a fully mixed flow to enhance the carbon removal, nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal and pollution reduction reaction.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The concentric double-ring corridors and multi-point water inlet and multi-point return of the present invention realize a completely mixed flow pattern of "horizontal push flow + longitudinal circulation". The concentric circulation flow pattern is coupled with the microbial electrical enhancement unit to form a "gas-liquid-solid-electricity" four-phase turbulence to break the mass transfer boundary layer, thereby enhancing the contact between sewage and microorganisms and the mass transfer efficiency.

[0048] 2. The sewage is evenly distributed in the reactor through multi-point water inlet and multi-point air lift reflux. At the same time, aeration drives the water circulation to improve the reflux effect and reduce energy consumption. Multi-point water inlet balances the carbon-nitrogen ratio and multi-point reflux accurately controls the dissolved oxygen distribution, promoting the efficiency of synchronous nitrification and denitrification in aerobic and anoxic zones.

[0049] 3. The concentric circle structure of the anode and cathode is closely arranged to generate an electric field gradient to regulate the spatial distribution of the microbial community. The anode biofilm enriches heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria and the cathode electric field drives the enrichment of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria, which can promote spatial synergistic denitrification. At the same time, the anode electrocatalysis promotes the oxidation of difficult-to-degrade organic matter and electrodeposition phosphorus removal. The dynamic polarity switching achieved through the AI ​​system gives the reactor the adaptive ability to cope with water quality fluctuations, achieving a breakthrough improvement in the efficiency of wastewater decarbonization, denitrification and phosphorus removal.

[0050] 4. Mechanism innovation: The sewage treatment system has created a unique "physical field-electric field-biological field-information field" four-field synergy mechanism. The physical field flow propeller and the gas lift system work together to construct a three-dimensional circulating flow to enhance mass transfer and biofilm. The electric field enhances microbial metabolic activity and accelerates pollutant degradation. The biological field enriches functional microbial flora and promotes the zoning metabolism of pollutants. The information field is embedded in the AI-driven real-time optimization system. Through the closed-loop architecture of data collection-model prediction-multi-objective reinforcement learning decision-making-dynamic collaborative execution-feedback optimization, the electrochemical activity, microbial metabolism and fluid dynamics are incorporated into the AI ​​decision-making loop, breaking through the limitations of traditional water quality control.

[0051] 5. Calculation innovation: The calculation formulas for the reactor volume, the amount of mixed liquor reflux from the inner circle to the outer circle, and the number of reflux points, through multi-parameter coupling and dynamic response mechanisms, break through the bottleneck of traditional design, achieve a synergistic improvement in precision, energy saving, and stability, and accurately guide engineering scale-up. In the formulas of this application, the volume calculation and the mixed liquor reflux calculation formulas innovatively incorporate electrochemical parameters (current density, electron utilization), biodynamics (denitrification rate, nitrification rate), and fluid mechanics into a unified model to achieve the synergistic optimization calculation of "electron transfer-microbial metabolism-fluid mass transfer". In addition, the creative combination of the circulating flow state of the sewage treatment system proposes a quantifiable design model formula for the number of multiple water inlet points in the outer circle, multiple water holes at the bottom of the inner circle, and the number of reflux points on the top. Its benefits go beyond single process optimization and provide a reusable design paradigm for the sewage treatment industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Partially enlarged view of the cathode in the aerobic zone and the anode in the anoxic zone in area A; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement of the present invention; In the figure: 1-outer ring anoxic zone; 2-inner ring aerobic zone; 3-flow pusher; 4-aerobic zone cathode; 5-anoxic zone anode; 6-multi-point water inlet; 7-aerator; 8-multi-point water holes; 9-air lift return system; 10-water inlet pipe; 11-water outlet pipe; 12-external power supply; 13-water flow direction of the multi-point water holes at the bottom of the inner ring; 14-water flow direction of the air lift return system at the top of the inner ring; 15-inner ring vertical upflow water direction; 16-outer ring horizontal circulation direction; 17-water flow longitudinal circulation direction; 18-inner ring pool wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the examples of the present invention are conventionally purchased raw materials and reagents.

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to implementation cases. Example

[0055] This embodiment provides a concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement, the system includes a concentric circle circulating flow reactor, a microbial electrical enhancement unit, an AI drive control unit, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the concentric circle circulating flow reactor adopts an inner and outer concentric circle ring structure, and the outer anoxic zone 1 gallery and the inner aerobic zone 2 gallery are separated by the inner circle pool wall 18; a flow pusher 3 is set at the bottom of the outer anoxic zone 1 to drive the water flow in the outer gallery to form a water flow in the outer circle transverse circulation direction as 16; after the sewage flows into the outer circle through the water inlet pipe 10, a ring pipe is set on the top of the outer wall of the outer circle to distribute multiple water inlets 6 to enter the outer circle to form a downward flow, and an aerator 7 is set at the bottom of the inner circle aerobic zone, and an aerator 7 is set at the bottom of the inner circle aerobic zone. A plurality of water holes 8 are provided at the bottom of the pool wall 18 (the water flow direction is as shown by 13 for the water flow direction of the multiple water holes at the bottom of the inner circle) and a multi-point air lift return system 9 is provided at the top (the water flow direction is as shown by 14 for the water flow direction of the air lift return system at the top of the inner circle). The air lift power of the aerator provided at the bottom of the inner circle causes the water flow to form a flow pattern with a vertical upward flow direction of the inner circle as shown by 15 and a downward flow direction of the outer circle as shown by 17 for the longitudinal circulation direction of the water flow; the treated sewage is discharged through the outlet pipe 11.

[0056] The microbial electric enhancement unit is constructed by covering and installing three-dimensional arc electrode materials on the inner and outer walls of the inner circle of the reactor and connecting an external power supply 12 to form a concentric circle structure partition, such as Figure 2 As shown, the inner ring is the cathode 4 in the aerobic zone, and the outer ring is the anode 5 in the anoxic zone. The gas stripping reflux device includes an inverted conical collecting cover and a reflux pipe. The collecting cover is set on the top of the inner ring, and the reflux pipe is connected to the top of the collecting cover. Multiple sets of collecting covers and reflux pipes on the top of the inner ring return the mixed liquid to the anoxic zone in the outer ring to form a longitudinal circulation.

[0057] This example calculates the effective volume Vn of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system. Based on the ratio of the outer anoxic zone volume to the inner aerobic zone volume (1:(1.5-3.0)), the effective volume and total volume of the inner aerobic zone are calculated. This ensures that the overall volume of the sewage treatment system meets the hydraulic retention time requirement for efficient pollutant removal, thereby rationally determining the structural dimensions of the sewage treatment system. Using the calculated total volume and effective volume of the inner aerobic zone, as well as the known effective water depth of the sewage treatment system, the outer and inner diameters of the sewage treatment system can be determined based on the geometric relationship of a cylinder. This provides theoretical guidance for sewage treatment system design. The calculation of Qr ensures that the inner mixed liquor returns to the outer anoxic zone to complete the denitrification reaction, ensuring effective denitrification, and supports the calculation of the number of recirculation points n. The calculation of the inner-to-outer mixed liquor return flow rate Qr and the number of recirculation points n aims to optimize the design of the longitudinal circulation flow pattern.

[0058] Specifically, these parameters are calculated as follows: ①Effective volume V of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system n Calculation: Effective volume V of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system nThe calculation is shown in (Formula 1): (Formula 1); Where: V n : Effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³; Q: Total inflow flow of sewage treatment system, 1000m³ / d; TN in : Total nitrogen concentration of sewage treatment system influent, 50 mg / L; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in the effluent from the sewage treatment system, 15 mg / L; T: sewage temperature, 12°C; η e : The electronic utilization rate of the sewage treatment system is an empirical value of 0.7; F: Faraday constant, 96485C / mol; F n : The empirical coefficient of the effective reaction of the outer ring is 0.6; Y: sludge yield coefficient, taken as 0.5kgVSS / kgBOD5; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, taking 0.05kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X n : The average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system is 3.5gMLSS / L; DO n : Dissolved oxygen concentration in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, take 0.2 mg / L; K n : The half-saturation inhibition constant of dissolved oxygen in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system is 0.2 mg / L; K COD : COD half-saturation constant of the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, take 35 mg / L; j n : The current density of the outer anode of the sewage treatment system is 1.0A / m 2 ; A n : Effective area of ​​the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, m 2 ; COD in : COD concentration of sewage treatment system influent, 300 mg / L; COD out : COD concentration of sewage treatment system effluent, 50mg / L.

[0059] The effective volume V of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment systemn and the effective volume V of the inner aerobic zone o The relationship between V n :V o =1:2. The calculation of the total volume V of the sewage treatment system, the outer diameter D of the sewage treatment system, and the height H of the sewage treatment system (5m) is shown in (Formula 1-1): (Formula 1-1); The effective volume V of the inner aerobic zone of the sewage treatment system o The relationship with the inner diameter d of the sewage treatment system is shown in (Formula 1-2): (Formula 1-2); Substituting the above values ​​into (Equation 1) we can get: The effective volume V of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system n The value is 187.5m³, the effective volume of the inner aerobic zone V o The value is 375m³, and the total effective volume of the sewage treatment system is 562.5m³.

[0060] From (Formula 1-1), the outer diameter of the sewage treatment system is 11.97m, and from (Formula 1-2), the inner diameter of the sewage treatment system is 9.77m.

[0061] ② Mixed liquid return flow rate Q in the inner aerobic zone of the sewage treatment system r Calculation: Return flow rate Q in the inner aerobic zone of the sewage treatment system r The calculation of is shown in (Formula 2): (Formula 2); Where: Q r : Return flow rate of mixed liquid in the inner circle of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; Q: Total inflow flow of sewage treatment system, 1000m³ / d; T: sewage temperature, 12°C; V n : The effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system is 187.5m³; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, taking 0.05kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X o : The average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor in the inner circle of the sewage treatment system is 3.5gMLSS / L; f C / N : Correction factor for the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the sewage treatment system inlet water, take 1.3; TN out: Total nitrogen concentration in the effluent from the sewage treatment system, 15 mg / L; TKN out : Total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentration of the effluent from the sewage treatment reactor, 8 mg / L; j n :Sewage treatment system outer ring anode current density, 1.0A / m 2 ; A n : Effective area of ​​the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, m 2 ; η e : The electronic utilization rate of the sewage treatment system is empirically valued at 0.7; F: Faraday constant, 96485C / mol; △COD n : COD removal capacity of the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, 200mg / L.

[0062] Substituting the above values ​​into (Formula 2),

[0063] Calculate Q r Value .

[0064] ③Calculation of the number n of return points in the sewage treatment system: The number n of the multiple water inlets in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, the multiple water holes at the bottom of the inner ring, and the return points of the air lift return system at the top of the inner ring are the same, and their calculation is shown in (Equation 3): (Formula 3); Where: k: safety adjustment empirical coefficient, take 1.2; Q: Total inflow flow of sewage treatment system, 1000m³ / d; TN in : Total nitrogen concentration of sewage treatment system influent, 50 mg / L; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in the effluent from the sewage treatment system, 15 mg / L; Q r : Return flow rate in the inner aerobic zone of the sewage treatment system, 2949.41m³ / d; T: sewage temperature, 12°C; TN r : Total nitrogen concentration of the reflux liquid in the inner circle of the sewage treatment system is 40 mg / L; C / N: The ratio of COD to TN in the actual influent of sewage treatment, 300 / 50; V n: The effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system is 178.34m³; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, 0.05kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X o : The average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor in the inner circle of the sewage treatment system is 3.5gMLSS / L; K s : Biological reaction half-saturation constant, 0.15g / L; A: The effective impact area of ​​a single water inlet point in the outer anoxic zone, 10m 2 ; f: Empirical coefficient of mass transfer in sewage treatment system, the value is 1.3.

[0065] Substituting the above values ​​into (Equation 3):

[0066] Calculation shows that the number of multiple water inlet points in the outer circle of the sewage treatment reactor is 4.16, rounded up to n=5.

[0067] Therefore, the number of the sewage treatment system's outer ring multi-point water inlets, the inner ring's bottom multi-point water holes, and the inner ring's top air lift reflux system's reflux points are all 5.

[0068] According to the above calculation results, the treatment capacity of a sewage treatment station is 1000m³ / d. The designed sewage treatment system has an outer diameter of 12m, an inner diameter of 10m, and a height of 5m. The number of return points of the outer multi-point water inlet, the inner multi-point water holes at the bottom, and the inner top air lift return system is 5.

[0069] For a sewage treatment system where the total nitrogen concentration in the influent suddenly increases from 40 mg / L to 80 mg / L, that is, the carbon-nitrogen ratio drops sharply to 3.5, the AI ​​control method is as follows: Step S1: The multi-parameter sensor array of the AI-driven control unit collects data in real time: a three-dimensional acoustic Doppler flowmeter collects fluid dynamics data (flow velocity vector, flow field uniformity); a UV-visible spectroscopy water quality analyzer simultaneously detects water quality parameter data online (COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus concentrations); dissolved oxygen / redox potential / pH integrated probes are arranged at different depths in the inner and outer circles to obtain water quality parameter data (dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and pH value); electrochemical activity sensors on the anode and cathode surfaces of the microbial electrical enhancement unit collect electrochemical data (current efficiency, electrode potential, and charge transfer resistance) in real time; and impedance spectroscopy microbial activity sensors in the inner and outer corridors collect biological metabolic data (oxygen consumption rate) to analyze the metabolic status of the biofilm in real time. The sensor array detected a sudden increase in the total nitrogen concentration in the influent from 40 mg / L to 80 mg / L, indicating a sudden drop in the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 3.5, indicating an abnormality. Step S2: The edge computing unit receives the real-time data collected above and pre-processes it. The processed data is input into the pre-trained LSTM model to predict the changing trend of key water quality indicators in the next 15 minutes. Step S3: The reinforcement learning control algorithm outputs the optimal execution parameter combination based on the above prediction results and the current state of the system; The decision-making process generates optimized execution parameters: Identifying the problem of insufficient carbon-nitrogen ratio inhibiting denitrification, the generated action combination is as follows: Polarity switching: outer ring → cathode, inner ring → anode, suitable for denitrification of low carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N ratio < 4); Bottom flow generator: adjust the speed to +40, rotate in the opposite direction for 10 minutes to break the dead zone; Bottom aerator: Increase the air volume by +30% to maintain the dissolved oxygen in the inner circle >2.0mg / L; DC power supply voltage: The outer ring voltage is adjusted to 1.8V to strengthen the electrochemical oxidation compensation carbon source; The water flow distribution ratio of multiple water inlet points on the top of the outer ring: the flow of the two high-load water inlet points near the water inlet pipe is reduced by 70%; Inner circle mixed liquid reflux ratio: increased by 50% to accelerate the migration of nitrate to the inner circle; Step S4: The dynamic execution module receives the generated optimized execution parameter combination and converts it into control signals, which jointly regulate the flowmaker, aeration rate, electrode power supply, inlet water distribution, and air lift return flow. The flowmaker's variable frequency drive adjusts the motor speed and direction; the aeration rate regulating valve controls the aeration fan air volume; the electrolysis voltage controller sets the voltage, current density, and polarity (including whether to trigger polarity reversal mode); the multi-point water inlet proportional valve adjusts the opening of n water inlet points; and the air lift return controller adjusts the valve opening on the air lift pipeline.

[0070] Dynamic execution module execution sequence: ① Switch the polarity of the DC power supply and adjust the cathode voltage of the outer ring to 1.8V; ②Open the gas lift reflux valve to 85%; ③ At the outer ring water inlet point, open the two water inlet valves near the water inlet pipe to 70%, and increase the flow rate at other points proportionally; ④The flow propeller rotates in the opposite direction and accelerates to 140% of the original speed; ⑤The opening of the aeration valve is increased to 90%; After executing these steps, the AI ​​control unit's sensors collect data again. If the carbon-nitrogen ratio is greater than 4, the corresponding strengthening measures are gradually rescinded, returning the dynamic execution module to its initial level. The entire process is a dynamically adjusted, closed-loop feedback, real-time optimization control system that completes a cycle every 15 minutes, achieving dynamic optimization response.

[0071] The sewage treatment system of the present invention has created a unique four-field synergistic mechanism of "physical field-electric field-biological field-information field". The physical field flow propeller and the air lift system work together to construct a three-dimensional circulating flow to enhance mass transfer and biofilm. The electric field enhances microbial metabolic activity and accelerates pollutant degradation. The biological field enriches functional microbial flora and promotes the zoning metabolism of pollutants. The information field is embedded in the AI-driven real-time optimization system. Through the closed-loop architecture of data acquisition-model prediction-multi-objective reinforcement learning decision-dynamic collaborative execution-feedback optimization, the electrochemical activity, microbial metabolism and fluid dynamics are incorporated into the AI ​​decision-making loop, breaking through the limitations of traditional water quality control.

[0072] The two embodiments described above are merely some specific implementations of the present invention. For ordinary researchers in this field, without departing from the implementation principles of the present invention, appropriate adjustments and modifications may be made to drug selection, concentration range screening, and molar ratio setting, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A concentric circle circulation sewage treatment system based on electrical intensification, characterized by: The system includes a concentric circular circulation flow reactor, a microbial electrical enhancement unit, and an AI drive control unit; The concentric circle circulating flow reactor adopts an inner and outer concentric circle ring structure, wherein the outer anoxic zone (1) corridor and the inner aerobic zone (2) corridor are separated by the inner circle pool wall; a flow pusher (3) is provided at the bottom of the outer anoxic zone (1) to drive the water flow to form a horizontal circulation flow in the outer gallery; after the sewage flows in through the water inlet pipe (10), a ring pipe is provided at the top of the inner wall of the outer circle to distribute multiple water inlets (6); an aerator (7) is provided at the bottom of the inner circle aerobic zone (2); and multiple water holes (8) are provided at the bottom of the inner circle pool wall and a multiple air lift reflux system (9) is provided at the top; The microbial electrical enhancement unit is constructed by covering and installing three-dimensional arc-shaped electrode materials on the inner and outer walls of the inner circle of the reactor and connecting an external power supply (12) to form concentric circle structure partitions, wherein the inner circle is the cathode (4) of the aerobic zone and the outer circle is the anode (5) of the anoxic zone; The AI-driven control unit integrates a multi-parameter sensor array, an edge computing unit, and a dynamic execution module, and dynamically controls the parameters of fluid, electric field, aeration, water inlet distribution, and mixed liquid reflux through a machine learning model.

2. The concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-point water holes (8) in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the inner pool wall and the multi-point air lift reflux system (9) at the top are staggered to form a longitudinal circulation, which is combined with the transverse circulation of the outer anoxic zone (1) to form a longitudinal and transverse circulation coupling, presenting a completely mixed flow state.

3. The concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microbial electrical enhancement unit is provided with a calcium-magnesium-based composite coating three-dimensional electrode on the outer wall of the inner ring of the reactor to form an anoxic biological anode area, and the inner wall of the inner ring is covered with a three-dimensional carbon felt composite material to form an aerobic biological cathode area. The external power supply (12) supports an output voltage of 0.1-2.0V and has a dynamic polarity switching function, and the switching frequency is adjustable.

4. The concentric circle circulating flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The AI ​​drive control unit includes a multi-parameter sensor array, an edge computing unit, and a dynamic execution module; The multi-parameter sensor array includes electrochemical activity sensors embedded in the anode and cathode surfaces of the microbial electrical enhancement unit, impedance spectrum microbial activity sensors in the inner and outer corridors, dissolved oxygen / redox potential / pH integrated probes deployed at different depths in the inner and outer circles, a UV-visible spectroscopy water quality analyzer, and a three-dimensional acoustic Doppler flowmeter; The edge computing unit runs the LSTM water quality prediction model and the reinforcement learning control algorithm to dynamically generate control instructions; The dynamic execution module controls the frequency converter of the flowmaker, the aeration volume regulating valve, the electrolysis voltage controller, the multi-point water inlet proportional valve, and the gas lift reflux controller, and adjusts the flowmaker, aeration volume, electrode power supply, water inlet flow distribution, and gas lift reflux volume in real time.

5. The concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The reinforcement learning control algorithm generates control instructions based on the multi-objective function of water output excess, efficiency improvement, flow field uniformity, and energy consumption reduction. The action space includes: Speed ​​adjustment and direction switching of the bottom flow pusher (3); Gradual regulation of the gas volume of the bottom aerator (7); Dynamic switching of voltage, current density and polarity of an external power source (12); The water flow distribution ratio of multiple water inlet points on the top of the outer ring; Control of the reflux ratio of the inner ring mixed liquid.

6. The concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The dynamic execution module is configured as follows: the external power supply has a dynamic polarity switching function; When the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the influent is less than 4, the inner electrode is switched to the anode and the outer electrode to the cathode; When the electrochemical activity sensor detects that the internal resistance of the cathode biofilm rises above a threshold, it triggers periodic polarity reversal; The reversal period was calibrated online by cyclic voltammetry and ranged from 10 to 60 seconds.

7. The concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The effective volume V of the outer anoxic zone (1) of the sewage treatment system n The calculation is shown in (Formula 1): (Formula 1); Outer ring oxygen-deficient zone (1) effective volume V n Affected by chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen comprehensive removal rate and dissolved oxygen, the outer ring effective reaction empirical coefficient F is introduced n , Dissolved oxygen inhibition half-saturation constant K in the outer ring of the device n 、COD half-saturation constant K of the outer ring of the device COD The outer ring volume of the real-time correction device at low carbon-nitrogen ratio or high removal rate; the synergistic denitrification of electric enhancement and biological reaction is affected by the biofilm on the electrode surface and the flow state, and the introduction of η e Dynamically reflect the mass transfer efficiency of the electrode-microorganism interface and quantify the gain of the electrode on nitrogen removal; Where: V n : Effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³; Q: Total water flow rate of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; TN in : Total nitrogen concentration in the sewage treatment system influent, mg / L; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in effluent from sewage treatment system, mg / L; T: sewage temperature, °C; η e : The empirical value of electronic utilization rate of sewage treatment system is 0.6~0.8; F: Faraday constant, 96485C / mol; F n : The empirical coefficient of the effective reaction of the outer ring is 0.5~1.0; Y: sludge yield coefficient, taken as 0.3~0.6kgVSS / kgBOD5; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, 0.03~0.06kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X n : Average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor of the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, gMLSS / L; DO n : Dissolved oxygen concentration in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, the value is ≤0.5mg / L; K n : The half-saturation inhibition constant of dissolved oxygen in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system is 0.1~0.3mg / L; K COD : COD half-saturation constant of the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, ranging from 20 to 50 mg / L; j n : Current density of the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, A / m 2 , with a value of 0.5~1.5; A n : Effective area of ​​the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, m 2 ; COD in : COD concentration of sewage treatment system influent, mg / L; COD out : COD concentration of sewage treatment system effluent, mg / L.

8. The concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner circle mixed liquid reflux flow rate Q of the sewage treatment system r The calculation of is shown in (Formula 2): (Formula 2); Introducing f C / N Real-time correction of the effect of carbon source limitation on denitrification efficiency; combined with the characteristics of the airlift loop reactor, the denitrification rate K de After temperature correction, the molecular term is introduced into the electrically enhanced denitrification contribution term Quantify the biological and electrochemical dual-driven nitrogen removal capacity of the outer anoxic zone; Where: Q r : Return flow rate of mixed liquor in the inner circle of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; Q: Total water flow rate of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; T: sewage temperature, °C; V n : Effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, 0.03~0.06kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X o : Average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor in the inner circle of the sewage treatment system, gMLSS / L; f C / N : Correction factor for the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the sewage treatment system inlet water, ranging from 0.6 to 1.5; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in effluent from sewage treatment system, mg / L; TKN out : Total Kjeldahl nitrogen concentration in effluent from sewage treatment system, mg / L; j n : Current density of the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, A / m 2 , with a value of 0.5~1.5; A n : Effective area of ​​the outer anode of the sewage treatment system, m 2 ; η e : The empirical value of electronic utilization rate of sewage treatment system is 0.6~0.8; F: Faraday constant, 96485C / mol; △COD n : COD removal capacity in the outer ring of the sewage treatment system, mg / L.

9. The concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical enhancement according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number n of reflux points of the multi-point water inlet (6), multi-point water hole (8) and gas lift reflux system (9) is the same, and its calculation is shown in (Equation 3): (Formula 3); The introduction of C / N dynamically adjusts the distribution of water inlet points according to real-time water quality data to adapt to water quality fluctuations and strengthen the dispersed utilization of carbon sources; the nitrification liquid return flow rate will affect the actual hydraulic retention time of the outer anoxic zone and the concentration of substances participating in the reaction. The number of water inlet points is correlated with the nitrification liquid return flow rate Q r The system is linked to perform dynamic adjustments and a safety adjustment factor k is introduced to take into account the uncertainty of water quality fluctuations and changes in reactor operating conditions to ensure the uniformity and stability of the inlet water distribution. Where: n: the number of return points at the top of the inner circle of the sewage treatment system; k: safety adjustment empirical coefficient, ranging from 1.0 to 1.5; Q: Total water flow rate of sewage treatment system, m³ / d; TN in : Total nitrogen concentration in the sewage treatment system influent, mg / L; TN out : Total nitrogen concentration in effluent from sewage treatment system, mg / L; Q r : Return flow rate in the inner aerobic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³ / d; T: sewage temperature, °C; TN r : Total nitrogen concentration of the inner reflux liquid of the sewage treatment system, mg / L; C / N: The ratio of COD to TN in the actual influent of the sewage treatment system; V n : Effective volume of the outer anoxic zone of the sewage treatment system, m³; K de : Denitrification rate at 20℃, 0.03~0.06kgNO3 - -N / (kgMLSS·d); X o : Average concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor in the inner circle of the sewage treatment system, gMLSS / L; K s : biological reaction half-saturation constant, ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 g / L; A: The effective impact area of ​​a single water inlet point in the outer anoxic zone, m 2 ; f: Mass transfer empirical coefficient, ranging from 1.2 to 1.

5.

10. The AI ​​control method for the concentric circle circulation flow sewage treatment system based on electrical intensification according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Real-time acquisition of fluid dynamics, water quality parameters, electrochemistry, and biological metabolism data through a multi-parameter sensor array; S2: The edge computing unit receives the real-time data collected above and pre-processes it. It then inputs the processed data into the pre-trained LSTM model to predict the changing trends of key water quality indicators in the next 15 minutes. S3: The reinforcement learning control algorithm outputs the optimal execution parameter combination based on the above prediction results and the current state of the system; S4: The dynamic execution module receives the generated optimal execution parameter combination and converts it into a control signal to jointly adjust the flow propeller, aeration volume, electrode power supply, inlet water distribution and air lift return flow; After executing the above steps, the system enters a new state, and the sensor collects data again, forming a closed-loop feedback to continuously optimize the control.

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