Wireless wheel sensor with speed measurement function

Abstract

The invention provides a wireless wheel sensor with a speed measurement function, and the sensor comprises a sensor main body, and the two ends of the sensor main body are symmetrically provided with installation holes. At least two U-shaped magnetic induction units are arranged on two sides of the sensor main body, each U-shaped magnetic induction unit comprises a magnet and a coil, and the coil is wound on the magnet; a wireless transmission circuit, a magnetic steel signal processing board, a charging board and a battery are arranged in the middle of the sensor body, and the charging board and the battery are arranged in a power supply unit. The sensitivity is improved through asymmetric arrangement of the U-shaped neodymium-iron-boron magnets and winding of the differential coil, and electromagnetic interference is effectively resisted in cooperation with the permalloy shielding layer. A triple power supply system (a lithium titanate battery, a super capacitor and photovoltaic charging) realizes low power consumption and long endurance, installation holes are arranged to facilitate installation, and the device is suitable for high-precision speed measurement scenes of railways, rail transit and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sensor technology, and in particular to a wireless wheel sensor with a speed measurement function. The sensor improves the wheel signal capture sensitivity through the asymmetric vertical arrangement of U-shaped magnets and a differential coil winding process. The sensor is used for vehicle speed detection in the fields of railways and rail transit, and has high-precision speed measurement, low power consumption management and wireless data transmission functions. Background Art

[0002] In the railway and rail transit sectors, vehicle speed detection is a critical technology for ensuring transportation safety and operational efficiency. Conventional electromagnetic induction sensors, currently used in contactless vehicle sensors, are susceptible to interference from adjacent track currents; Hall effect elements are unstable in high-temperature environments; and photoelectric sensors are significantly affected by rain and snow. Especially in heavy-haul and high-speed railway applications, electromagnetic interference can easily affect signal capture, leading to reduced speed measurement accuracy and false triggering. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, in order to solve the problems existing in the technical background, the present invention proposes a wireless wheel sensor with speed measurement function. Specifically, it includes the following contents:

[0004] A wireless wheel sensor with a speed measurement function, comprising:

[0005] A sensor body, wherein mounting holes are symmetrically provided at both ends of the sensor body;

[0006] At least two U-shaped magnetic induction units are provided on both sides of the sensor body. The U-shaped magnetic induction units include a magnet and a coil, and the coil is wound on the magnet;

[0007] A wireless transmission circuit, a magnetic steel signal processing board, a charging board and a battery are arranged in the middle of the sensor body. The charging board and the battery are arranged in the power supply unit.

[0008] Furthermore, a magnetic shielding layer is provided on the outside of the U-shaped magnetic induction unit, and the coil assembly is wrapped with Permalloy to reduce electromagnetic interference between adjacent sensors and ensure the continuous operation of the equipment in extreme environments.

[0009] Furthermore, the power supply unit includes a lithium titanate battery main power supply, a supercapacitor buffer module and a photovoltaic auxiliary charging interface.

[0010] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] This device utilizes an asymmetrically arranged U-shaped NdFeB magnet and differential coil winding to enhance sensitivity, while a Permalloy shield effectively resists electromagnetic interference. Its triple power supply system (lithium titanate battery + supercapacitor + photovoltaic charging) ensures low power consumption and long battery life. Its convenient mounting holes facilitate installation, making it suitable for high-precision speed measurement in railways and other mass transit applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless wheel sensor with speed measurement function according to the present invention.

[0013] 1-Magnet; 2-Coil; 3-Mounting hole; 4-Wireless transmission circuit; 5-Magnetic steel signal processing board; 6-Power supply unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] See also Figure 1 A wireless wheel sensor with a speed measurement function is shown, comprising:

[0016] The sensor body has mounting holes 3 symmetrically provided at both ends of the sensor body;

[0017] At least two U-shaped magnetic induction units are provided on both sides of the sensor body. The U-shaped magnetic induction unit includes a magnet 1 and a coil 2. The coil 2 is wound on the magnet 1.

[0018] A wireless transmission circuit 4 , a magnetic steel signal processing board 5 , a charging board and a battery are provided in the middle of the sensor body. The charging board and the battery are provided in a power supply unit 6 .

[0019] The U-shaped magnetic induction unit is provided with a magnetic shielding layer on the outside, and the coil 2 component is wrapped with Permalloy to reduce electromagnetic interference between adjacent sensors and ensure the continuous operation of the equipment in extreme environments.

[0020] The power supply unit 6 includes a lithium titanate battery main power supply, a supercapacitor buffer module and a photovoltaic auxiliary charging interface.

[0021] The U-shaped magnetic induction unit in this invention uses a neodymium iron boron magnet combined with a permalloy shield. The magnet dimensions are 30×25×15mm. The coil 2 is wound with 1500±50 turns of 0.1mm enameled wire. The mounting bracket is made of 304 stainless steel and has an anti-loosening structure.

[0022] The magnetic shield is made of 0.3mm thick Permalloy sheets, using a layered, staggered wrapping method, achieving a shielding effectiveness of over 40dB. The sensor housing is made of IP67-rated engineering plastic and filled with polyurethane potting compound to ensure waterproof and shockproof performance.

[0023] The U-shaped magnet is wound with a non-matching differential coil 2 to improve the wheel signal capture sensitivity, increase the magnetic shielding layer structure, and use Permalloy to wrap the coil 2 to increase the oncoming vehicle alarm monitoring function: by measuring the train speed and setting the predicted threshold value, the number of train approach alarms is reduced, and the interference with the normal work of on-site personnel is also reduced, making the oncoming vehicle warning more reliable.

[0024] The sensor of the present invention adopts an adaptive wake-up algorithm: a three-level wake-up mechanism (sleep → monitoring → full power) is triggered by the vibration sensor.

[0025] Adopt dynamic power regulation technology to automatically adjust the transmission power according to the wireless signal strength (0.1-100mW adjustable)

[0026] A dual-verification model was created for signal processing: This model combines the time difference method with the magnetic field rate integration method to calculate vehicle speed. Based on the distance between the center positions of the two vehicle sensors and the time it takes for the vehicle wheels to pass the wheel sensors, the central processing chip calculates the train's passing speed. An intelligent trigger mechanism was designed to support complex judgment based on multiple conditions, including speed threshold, number of axles, and vehicle type. The wheelbase is measured based on speed, and since the wheelbase of a passenger car is larger than that of a truck, this mechanism can be used to determine whether the passing train is a truck or a passenger car.

[0027] This invention significantly improves wheel signal capture sensitivity by combining an asymmetrically arranged U-shaped NdFeB magnet with a two-pronged differential coil. The magnetic shielding design utilizes a layered, staggered wrapping of 0.3mm Permalloy, achieving a shielding effectiveness exceeding 40dB. This effectively suppresses adjacent track currents and external electromagnetic interference, resolving the signal distortion issues associated with traditional electromagnetic sensors in heavy-load / high-speed rail scenarios. Compared to traditional Hall effect elements and photoelectric sensors, this design maintains stable detection performance in harsh environments such as high temperatures, rain, and snow.

[0028] The power supply unit 6 of the present invention achieves ultra-low power consumption and energy redundancy. Not only does it extend the device's operating cycle without external power, but its supercapacitor module can also handle instantaneous high current demands, ensuring power stability during wireless transmission. This increases battery life by more than three times compared to traditional single-power solutions.

[0029] The symmetrical mounting holes 3 are designed for easy installation, and the Permalloy shielding layer also acts as a heat sink, slowing down the attenuation of magnetic performance. The present invention provides comparative test data in a laboratory environment: compared with traditional non-contact sensor tests, the structure is simple, the design is compact, and the speed measurement error is less than 0.5%.

[0030] The product displays an extreme temperature test report, showing 2000 hours of continuous operation at -40℃ to 85℃, and a 99.9% data packet reception rate at a distance of 200 meters in a wireless transmission reliability test.

[0031] In other embodiments, a vehicle approaching alarm monitoring function is provided: by measuring the train speed and setting the predicted threshold value, the number of train approaching alarms is reduced, and the interference with the normal work of the on-site staff is reduced, making the vehicle approaching warning more reliable. Integrated GPS / Beidou positioning module to achieve automatic calibration of the equipment position

[0032] The above describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wireless wheel sensor with speed measurement function, characterized in that: include: A sensor body, wherein mounting holes are symmetrically provided at both ends of the sensor body; At least two U-shaped magnetic induction units are provided on both sides of the sensor body. The U-shaped magnetic induction units include a magnet and a coil, and the coil is wound on the magnet; A wireless transmission circuit, a magnetic steel signal processing board, a charging board and a battery are arranged in the middle of the sensor body. The charging board and the battery are arranged in the power supply unit.

2. A wireless wheel sensor with speed measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped magnetic induction unit is provided with a magnetic shielding layer on the outside, and the coil assembly is wrapped with Permalloy to reduce electromagnetic interference between adjacent sensors and ensure the continuous operation of the equipment in extreme environments.

3. The wireless wheel sensor with speed measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit includes a lithium titanate battery, a main power supply, a supercapacitor buffer module and a photovoltaic auxiliary charging interface.

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