Multi-purpose tractor front axle suspension

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a multi-purpose tractor front axle suspension which comprises a tractor front axle body and a suspension body, a front hydraulic lifting suspension is vertically suspended at the front end of the suspension body, and the front hydraulic lifting suspension comprises a first quick release connector and a first electric hydraulic oil cylinder. Two sets of first electric hydraulic oil cylinders are arranged at the front end of the suspension body. According to the multi-purpose tractor front axle suspension, mounting of front and bottom functional parts of a tractor is achieved, the rear and top suspension of a frame is matched, the four-direction multi-purpose effect is achieved, and the farm tool replacement efficiency is improved by more than 50%; four-wheel-drive expansion flexibility is achieved, two-wheel-drive / four-wheel-drive mode switching can be completed within 10 minutes through a standardized drive shaft connector, the tractor is suitable for multiple scenes such as field ploughing and mountain transportation, and the application range of the tractor is widened; standardized quick-release design: unified interface specification is compatible with farm tools of multiple brands, user equipment purchase cost is reduced, operation is convenient, and professional tools are not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a front axle suspension of a multi-purpose tractor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of agricultural machinery technology, the demand for "one machine with multiple uses" for general-purpose frame tractors is becoming increasingly prominent. However, the front axle suspension of existing tractors usually only has a single support and shock absorption function, which has obvious shortcomings. Its suspension interface is single, and only a small number of agricultural implements can be mounted at the front, and the bottom space cannot be fully utilized; the hydraulic lifting mechanism is independently set, and the coordinated control of the front and rear suspensions is difficult, which can easily lead to center of gravity shift; and in four-wheel drive mode, the power transmission stability between the front axle suspension and the frame is insufficient, seriously affecting the reliability of multiple components operating simultaneously. The traditional suspension structure cannot realize the "front + bottom" dual-position functional component mounting, and lacks an integrated design for four-wheel drive expansion and suspension coordinated control, resulting in low efficiency of tractor multi-functional operation.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention provides a multi-purpose tractor front axle suspension. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a front axle suspension for a multi-purpose tractor. The invention has the advantages of arranging hydraulic lifting suspensions in front and rear of the suspension to achieve flexible mounting of functional components at the front and bottom of a universal frame-type tractor frame, while improving the power transmission stability in four-wheel drive mode. This solves the problems raised in the background art, such as a single suspension interface, only a small number of agricultural implements can be mounted at the front, and the bottom space cannot be fully utilized; the hydraulic lifting mechanisms are independently arranged, and the coordinated control of the front and rear suspensions is difficult, which easily leads to center of gravity shift; and in four-wheel drive mode, the power transmission stability of the front axle suspension and the frame is insufficient, which seriously affects the reliability of simultaneous operation of multiple components. The traditional suspension structure cannot achieve the mounting of functional components in both "front + bottom" directions, and lacks an integrated design for four-wheel drive expansion and suspension coordinated control, resulting in low efficiency in the multi-functional operation of the tractor.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-purpose tractor front axle suspension comprises a tractor front axle body and a suspension body, the front end suspension of the suspension body is vertically provided with a front hydraulic lifting suspension, the front hydraulic lifting suspension comprises a quick-release interface 1 and an electric hydraulic cylinder 1, the front end of the suspension body is provided with two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders 1, the ends of the two groups of the electric hydraulic cylinders 1 are movably connected with the quick-release interface 1, the rear end suspension of the suspension body is vertically downwardly installed with a rear hydraulic lifting suspension, the rear hydraulic lifting suspension comprises an electric hydraulic cylinder 2 and a quick-release interface 2, the rear end of the suspension body is provided with two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders 2, the ends of the two groups of the electric hydraulic cylinders 2 are movably connected with the quick-release interface 2, the number of the tractor front axle bodies is two groups, and the top and bottom of the two groups of tractor front axle bodies are respectively provided with four-wheel drive shaft interfaces, and the four-wheel drive shaft interfaces are splined.

[0006] Preferably, the front hydraulic lifting suspension is used to mount functional components at the front of the tractor frame, and the rear hydraulic lifting suspension is used to mount functional components at the bottom of the tractor frame.

[0007] Preferably, the front end connection between the suspension body and the first quick-release interface is in a movable connection relationship, and the rear end connection between the second quick-release interface and the suspension body is in a movable connection relationship.

[0008] Preferably, the front hydraulic lifting suspension and the rear hydraulic lifting suspension are spatially distributed in an "L-shape".

[0009] Preferably, the quick-release interface 1 and the quick-release interface 2 both adopt a "locating pin + hydraulic quick plug + electromagnetic locking" combination structure, the locating pin tolerance is ±0.5mm, the hydraulic quick plug synchronously connects the power oil circuit and the control signal line, and the electromagnetic locking device is locked / unlocked by one button through 12V DC power.

[0010] Preferably, frame hinge points are respectively provided on both sides of the interior of the suspension body, the frame hinge points are connected to the tractor front axle body through high-strength bolts, and the side surfaces of the tractor front axle body are provided with front axle hubs.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The front axle suspension of this multi-purpose tractor has multi-directional mounting capabilities: it can mount functional components in the "front + bottom" direction of the tractor, and cooperate with the rear and top suspension of the frame to achieve "up, down, front and back" four-directional multi-purpose of the machine, and improve the efficiency of agricultural implement replacement by more than 50%; four-wheel drive expansion flexibility: the standardized drive shaft interface can complete the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive mode switching within 10 minutes, which is suitable for multiple scenarios such as field cultivation and mountain transportation, broadening the scope of application of the tractor; standardized quick-release design: the unified interface specifications are compatible with agricultural implements of multiple brands, reducing users' equipment procurement costs, and the operation is convenient and does not require professional tools. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rear hydraulic lifting suspension structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the picture:

[0017] 1. Tractor front axle body;

[0018] 2. Suspension body;

[0019] 3. Frame hinge points;

[0020] 4. Four-wheel drive shaft interface;

[0021] 5. Front axle hub;

[0022] 6. Front hydraulic lift suspension; 601. Quick release interface 1; 602. Electric hydraulic cylinder 1;

[0023] 7. Rear hydraulic lifting suspension; 701. Electric hydraulic cylinder 2; 702. Quick release interface 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] A tractor is a self-propelled power machine used to tow and drive operating machinery to complete various mobile operations. It can also be used as a fixed operating power. It consists of an engine, transmission, travel, steering, hydraulic suspension, power output, electrical instruments, driving control and traction systems or devices.

[0027] The core function of the tractor front axle suspension system is to connect the frame and the front axle to achieve support, vibration reduction and posture control. The core function of the tractor front axle suspension system is to connect the frame and the front axle to achieve support, vibration reduction and posture control. Its key principles and structure are as follows:

[0028] 1. Basic structure composition

[0029] Frame and front axle connection mechanism

[0030] The suspension connecting piece is hinged to the front end of the frame through a pin, and the front axle is fixed to the connecting piece through a locking piece to form a movable joint.

[0031] Some designs use a rocker arm structure, where the front axle assembly is connected to the rocker arm through a transmission support mechanism, and the other end of the rocker arm is hinged to the frame bracket.

[0032] Hydraulic actuator

[0033] The two ends of the suspension cylinder are respectively hinged to the suspension connector (or rocker arm) and the frame cylinder support, and the vibration is buffered by the hydraulic pressure expansion and contraction action.

[0034] Auxiliary components

[0035] Contains a lateral stabilizer bar, shock absorbers and accumulators (for energy storage and release) to work together to suppress body roll and impact.

[0036] 2. Working Principle

[0037] Dynamic vibration reduction process

[0038] During driving, road impact is transmitted to the front axle, pushing the suspension link / rocker arm to rotate around the hinge point, forcing the hydraulic cylinder to compress or stretch.

[0039] The hydraulic oil in the cylinder flows through the accumulator to absorb energy and reduce the vibration amplitude; the angle sensor monitors the rocker arm displacement in real time and feeds back to the control system to adjust the oil pressure.

[0040] Load adaptability

[0041] The hydraulic system automatically adjusts the cylinder pressure according to the front axle load to maintain the vehicle body level (such as increasing the supporting force when overloaded).

[0042] However, in the actual operation process, the demand for "one machine with multiple uses" for general-purpose frame tractors has become increasingly prominent. However, the front axle suspension of existing tractors usually only has a single support and shock absorption function, which has obvious shortcomings. Its suspension interface is single, and only a small number of agricultural implements can be mounted at the front, and the bottom space cannot be fully utilized; the hydraulic lifting mechanism is set independently, and the coordinated control of the front and rear suspensions is difficult, which can easily lead to center of gravity shift; and in four-wheel drive mode, the power transmission stability between the front axle suspension and the frame is insufficient, which seriously affects the reliability of multiple components operating at the same time. The traditional suspension structure cannot realize the "front + bottom" dual-position functional component mounting, and lacks integrated design for four-wheel drive expansion and suspension coordinated control, resulting in low efficiency of tractor multi-functional operation.

[0043] See also Figure 1-3 The front axle suspension of a multi-purpose tractor includes a tractor front axle body 1 and a suspension body 2. The front end of the suspension body 2 is vertically suspended with a front hydraulic lifting suspension 6. The front hydraulic lifting suspension 6 includes a quick-release interface 601 and an electric hydraulic cylinder 602. The front end of the suspension body 2 is provided with two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders 602. The ends of the two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders 602 are movably connected with a quick-release interface 601. The rear end of the suspension body 2 is vertically suspended downwardly with a rear hydraulic lifting suspension 7. The rear hydraulic lifting suspension 7 includes an electric hydraulic cylinder 701 and a quick-release interface. Interface 2 702, the rear end of the suspension body 2 is provided with two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders 2 701, the ends of the two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders 2 701 are movably connected with quick-release interface 2 702, the number of tractor front axle bodies 1 is two groups, and the top and bottom of the two groups of tractor front axle bodies 1 are respectively provided with four-wheel drive drive shaft interfaces 4, which are splined. The electric hydraulic cylinder 1 602 and the electric hydraulic cylinder 2 701 use servo cylinders (stroke 0-300mm, accuracy ±0.1mm), which are powered by a vehicle-mounted 12V battery and independently controlled by a multi-way reversing valve.

[0044] This solution has multi-directional mounting capabilities: it can mount functional components in both the front and bottom directions of the tractor, and cooperate with the rear and top suspension of the frame to achieve multi-purpose use of the machine in four directions of "up, down, front and back", and improve the efficiency of agricultural implement replacement by more than 50%; four-wheel drive expansion flexibility: the standardized drive shaft interface can complete the two-wheel drive / four-wheel drive mode switching within 10 minutes, which is suitable for multiple scenarios such as field cultivation and mountain transportation, broadening the scope of application of tractors; standardized quick-release design: the unified interface specifications are compatible with agricultural implements of multiple brands, reducing users' equipment procurement costs, and the operation is convenient and does not require professional tools.

[0045] Among them, the front hydraulic lifting suspension 6 is used to mount the functional components of the front of the tractor frame, and the rear hydraulic lifting suspension 7 is used to mount the functional components at the bottom of the tractor frame. If the front agricultural implements are mounted separately, only the electric hydraulic cylinder 1 602 works to control the lifting of the front end; if the bottom agricultural implements are mounted separately, only the electric hydraulic cylinder 2 701 works to control the lifting of the bottom; front and rear agricultural implements are mounted simultaneously: through manual adjustment or preset program, the stroke of the two cylinders is synchronously controlled to meet the requirements of different working heights, front agricultural implements (such as plows, bulldozers), bottom agricultural implements (such as deep tillage and loosening devices, sensor arrays).

[0046] Four-wheel drive shaft interface 4 switching mode: Connect the middle interface of the suspension body 2 to the frame power source (such as the motor or gearbox output shaft) through a quick-release drive shaft. The four-wheel drive system can be assembled within 10 minutes. It is suitable for complex terrain such as mountainous and slippery conditions. A standardized four-wheel drive shaft interface is set in the middle of the suspension body 2, which can be quickly connected to the front axle drive motor or transmission shaft to form a four-wheel drive system with the rear wheel drive, thereby improving the driving force for multi-component operations in complex terrain. The drive shaft adopts a spline connection and transmits a torque of ≥500N·m.

[0047] Among them, the front end connection between the suspension body 2 and the quick-release interface 601 is in a movable connection relationship, and the rear end connection between the quick-release interface 2 702 and the suspension body 2 is in a movable connection relationship. The suspension body 2 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy (such as 6061-T6) and is integrally formed. It has a lightweight design and a rated load of ≥2 tons. The tractor front axle body 1, the suspension body 2 and the frame hinge point 3, and the frame hinge point 3 are connected by high-strength bolts and can withstand a pitch angle of ±15° and a roll angle of ±10°.

[0048] Among them, the front hydraulic lifting suspension 6 and the rear hydraulic lifting suspension 7 are distributed in an "L-shaped" space.

[0049] Among them, the quick-release interface 1 601 and the quick-release interface 2 702 both adopt a "locating pin + hydraulic quick plug + electromagnetic locking" combination structure. The locating pin tolerance is ±0.5mm. The hydraulic quick plug synchronously connects the power oil circuit and the control signal line. The electromagnetic locking device is locked / unlocked with one button through 12V DC.

[0050] Among them, frame hinge points 3 are respectively set on both sides of the suspension body 2. The frame hinge points 3 are connected to the tractor front axle body 1 through high-strength bolts. The side of the tractor front axle body 1 is provided with a front axle wheel hub 5. The high-strength screws are M20 high-strength bolts with a bolt pre-tightening torque of 350-380N·m. Anti-loosening nuts and spring washers are used for double anti-loosening to ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0051] Electric hydraulic cylinder 1 602 and electric hydraulic cylinder 2 701 use double-acting single-piston rod hydraulic cylinders. The rated working pressure of the cylinder is 16MPa and the maximum thrust can reach 80kN.

[0052] Operation of quick release interface 1 601 and quick release interface 2 702:

[0053] 1) Installation steps

[0054] Align the interface: Align the connector of the implement with the quick-release interface 1 601 or the quick-release interface 2 702, and slowly move the implement so that the locating pin is inserted into the locating hole of the interface.

[0055] Hydraulic quick-connect connection: Push the hydraulic quick-connect interface and hear a "click" sound, indicating that the power oil circuit and control signal line are connected in place.

[0056] Electromagnetic locking: When 12V DC is connected, the electromagnetic locking device will be activated to lock the implement on the interface. At this time, the locking indicator light will light up, indicating that the installation is complete.

[0057] 2) Disassembly steps

[0058] Disconnect the power supply: Turn off the power supply of the electromagnetic locking device and the lock indicator light goes out.

[0059] Disassemble the hydraulic quick-connect: Press and hold the unlock button on the hydraulic quick-connect interface and slowly pull it out to disconnect the power oil circuit and control signal line.

[0060] Removing the implement: Gently move the implement to disengage the locating pins from the locating holes in the interface to complete the removal of the implement.

[0061] Example 1:

[0062] Front-mounted tillage plow + bottom-mounted deep tillage and loosening device

[0063] Operation: Electric hydraulic cylinder 1 602 is lowered to the depth of cultivated land (e.g. 20 cm), electric hydraulic cylinder 2 701 is lowered to the height of 10 cm above the ground of the loosening device, and the front and rear suspensions are independently controlled to achieve the synchronous operation of "upper cultivated land + lower loosening".

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] Bottom-mounted sensor array in four-wheel drive mode

[0066] Operation: Connect the four-wheel drive shaft, and use the electric hydraulic cylinder 701 to lift the sensor array to a height of 5 cm from the ground. Use the four-wheel drive force to drive stably on complex terrain and collect soil data in real time.

[0067] Example 3:

[0068] Front-mounted bulldozer + bottom-mounted seeder

[0069] Operation scenario: Suitable for continuous farmland leveling and sowing operations.

[0070] Operation steps: Electric hydraulic cylinder 1 602 descends, adjusting the bulldozer to a height of 5 cm from the ground to level the land; electric hydraulic cylinder 2 701 descends, inserting the seeder's furrow opener into the soil to a depth of 3-5 cm; the tractor travels at a speed of 3-5 km / h, and the bulldozer levels the land while the seeder completes the sowing operation; when encountering a ridge or obstacle, electric hydraulic cylinder 1 602 and electric hydraulic cylinder 2 701 are simultaneously raised to allow the farm implement to cross the obstacle, and then adjusted to the operating height.

[0071] Example 4: Front-mounted sprayer + bottom-mounted cultivator in four-wheel drive mode

[0072] Operation scenario: Suitable for pest control and tillage and weeding operations in mountain orchards.

[0073] Operation steps: Connect the four-wheel drive shaft and switch to four-wheel drive mode to improve the tractor's passability in mountainous areas. Use the electric hydraulic cylinder 602 to lift the sprayer to an appropriate height (1.5-2m from the ground). Adjust the spray angle to ensure uniform spraying of the liquid medicine. Lower the electric hydraulic cylinder 701 and insert the weeding tool of the cultivator into the soil to a depth of 5-8cm. Drive the tractor at a speed of 2-3km / h. The sprayer is spraying the medicine and the cultivator is completing the weeding and improving work efficiency.

[0074] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0075] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The front axle suspension of a multi-purpose tractor is characterized by: The invention comprises a tractor front axle body (1) and a suspension body (2), wherein the front end of the suspension body (2) is vertically suspended with a front hydraulic lifting suspension (6), wherein the front hydraulic lifting suspension (6) comprises a quick-release interface (601) and an electric hydraulic oil cylinder (602), and the front end of the suspension body (2) is provided with two groups of electric hydraulic oil cylinders (602), and the ends of the two groups of electric hydraulic oil cylinders (602) are movably connected with a quick-release interface (601), and the rear end of the suspension body (2) is vertically suspended downwardly with a rear hydraulic lifting suspension. The rear hydraulic lifting suspension (7) includes two electric hydraulic cylinders (701) and two quick-release interfaces (702). The rear end of the suspension body (2) is provided with two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders (701). The ends of the two groups of electric hydraulic cylinders (701) are movably connected with the quick-release interfaces (702). The number of the tractor front axle bodies (1) is two groups. The tops and bottoms of the two groups of tractor front axle bodies (1) are respectively provided with four-wheel drive shaft interfaces (4). The four-wheel drive shaft interfaces (4) are connected by splines.

2. The multi-purpose tractor front axle suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front hydraulic lifting suspension (6) is used for mounting functional components at the front of the tractor frame, and the rear hydraulic lifting suspension (7) is used for mounting functional components at the bottom of the tractor frame.

3. The front axle suspension of a multi-purpose tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front connection between the suspension body (2) and the quick-release interface 1 (601) is in a movable connection relationship, and the rear connection between the quick-release interface 2 (702) and the suspension body (2) is in a movable connection relationship.

4. The front axle suspension of a multi-purpose tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front hydraulic lifting suspension (6) and the rear hydraulic lifting suspension (7) are spatially distributed in an "L-shaped" manner.

5. The front axle suspension of a multi-purpose tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-release interface 1 (601) and the quick-release interface 2 (702) both adopt a "locating pin + hydraulic quick plug + electromagnetic locking" combination structure, the locating pin tolerance is ±0.5mm, the hydraulic quick plug is synchronously connected to the power oil circuit and the control signal line, and the electromagnetic locking device is locked / unlocked by one button through 12V DC.

6. The front axle suspension of a multi-purpose tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Frame hinge points (3) are respectively provided on both sides of the interior of the suspension body (2); the frame hinge points (3) are connected to the tractor front axle body (1) via high-strength bolts; and the side surfaces of the tractor front axle body (1) are provided with front axle hubs (5).

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