Positioning and clamping device for circuit board unloading machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of positioning and clamping, in particular to a positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine. Comprising a plate unloading machine, the plate unloading machine comprises a lifting section and a feeding section, and a material frame is placed in the lifting section; a clamping mechanism is arranged on the feeding section; through the clamping mechanism, the problem of inaccurate positioning caused by deviation, rotation or deformation of the circuit board in the prior art is effectively solved. The clamping mechanism adopts a cooperative working mode of a positioning block and an extrusion plate, a deformed circuit board is leveled through a rubber ball at the lower end of a pressing strip, then the positioning block is used for clamping and positioning from the left side and the right side and the extrusion plate from the front-back direction, and comprehensive control over the four free edges of the circuit board is achieved. Position deviation in the conveying process can be corrected, the device can adapt to the board bodies deformed in the moving process, and it is ensured that the circuit boards can be accurately inserted into the material frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of positioning and clamping, and in particular to a positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine. Background Art

[0002] The unloader is a key equipment for automatically collecting, stacking and transferring circuit boards in the electronics manufacturing industry. It is mainly used at the end of the surface mount technology production line to remove the completed circuit boards from the conveyor line and stack them neatly in a material frame or tray. The material frame is evenly equipped with limit slots for placing circuit boards. The placement method is to first convey the material frame to the lifting section of the unloader through the output section of the unloader, and then the feeding section of the unloader conveys the circuit board to the edge of the feeding frame, and then the push rod pushes the circuit board horizontally into the limit slot of the material frame.

[0003] However, the following problems currently exist in the process of moving the circuit board into the material frame: the circuit board is pushed horizontally into the material frame from one side by a push rod. If it deviates or rotates during transportation or deforms after reflow soldering, the single-sided push rod cannot effectively correct it, which can easily prevent the circuit board from being pushed into the material frame. In addition, the front and rear sides of the conveyor belt cannot be clamped and positioned due to the need for transportation. As a result, only the two free edges of the circuit board in the conveying direction can be clamped and positioned. At the same time, to facilitate the placement of the lower board, there is a gap between the circuit board and the two sides of the conveyor belt. Therefore, the existing clamping mechanism cannot perform position correction by clamping only on the two free edges in the conveying direction, resulting in the inability to accurately insert the circuit board into the material frame. The insertion and placement of the circuit board is generally performed after the reflow soldering operation. However, the circuit board after reflow soldering may deform and arch. Even after leveling, secondary rebound deformation may still occur due to conveying vibration and gravity factors. The arch height is uncertain, resulting in different variations in the relative distance of the circuit board edge. This causes the clamping mechanism to face uncontrolled conditions such as inability to effectively clamp the edge, insufficient clamping force, or excessive clamping that exacerbates the arch deformation. As a result, the circuit board cannot be inserted into the material frame due to geometric instability.

[0004] Therefore, the circuit board is prone to displacement or rotation during transportation, and is prone to deformation after reflow soldering, resulting in the inability of existing unilateral pushing or clamping methods to effectively position and insert. This is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution: An embodiment of the present invention provides a positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloader, including a unloader, the unloader includes a lifting section and a feeding section, a material frame is placed in the lifting section; a clamping mechanism is provided on the feeding section.

[0007] The clamping mechanism comprises a support frame fixedly mounted on the feeding section and in an inverted concave shape, a fixed plate is slidably arranged between two vertical sections of the support frame, and a pressing portion and a deviation correcting portion are arranged on the fixed plate.

[0008] The pressing part comprises two pressure strips which are slidably arranged below the fixed plate, and rubber balls are evenly rolled and mounted on the lower ends of the pressure strips.

[0009] The correction part includes two extrusion plates slidably arranged under the fixed plate, and a concave movable frame located on the rear side of the support frame is slidably installed at the rear end of the fixed plate. The two longitudinal sections of the movable frame are slidably provided with fixed seats, and the two fixed seats are slidably provided with L-shaped positioning blocks, and the vertical section of the positioning block is slidably provided with a pressure block, and magnetic suction parts are provided on the fixed seat and the positioning block.

[0010] The pressure bar moves downward and flattens the circuit board through the rubber ball. The two positioning blocks clamp the left and right sides of the circuit board to correct the deviation. The pressure block presses the circuit board downward to limit the up and down displacement and is locked by the magnetic suction part. The fixed plate moves up to lift the circuit board out of the feeding section. The two extrusion plates then clamp the front and back sides of the circuit board to correct the deviation and the positioning blocks follow and adapt. The magnetic suction part then fixes the positioning blocks to maintain the state, and the mobile frame drives the circuit board to be accurately inserted into the material frame.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the downward pressure part also includes a connecting plate fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two pressure strips, and a plurality of No. 1 pillars are fixedly installed on the upper end of the connecting plate. After the upper ends of the No. 1 pillars slide through the fixed plate, a lifting plate is fixedly installed together, and a No. 3 cylinder is fixedly installed on the lower end of the lifting plate. The telescopic section of the No. 3 cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting plate.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the correction part also includes a support plate that is slidably installed at the lower end of the fixed plate and corresponds one-to-one to the extrusion plate. The extrusion plate is fixedly installed on the corresponding support plate. A two-way cylinder is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed plate. The two telescopic sections of the two-way cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the two support plates. The opposite surfaces of the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame are slidably installed with push-pull plates through a pair of guide columns, and the end of the push-pull plate away from the guide column is installed with a fixed seat through a pair of support rods.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the positioning block is slidably mounted on the fixed seat through elastic member No. 1, and the elastic member No. 1 includes an axis plate. Two front-to-back symmetrical axis plates are fixedly mounted on the end of the fixed seat away from the corresponding support rod. An axis rod is fixedly mounted between the two axis plates, and a pair of axis seats are slidably mounted on the axis rod. The axis seats are fixedly connected to the corresponding positioning blocks, and a reset spring is installed between the two axis seats and the corresponding axis plates.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the pressure block is slidably installed on the positioning block through the No. 2 elastic member, the No. 2 elastic member includes a countersunk hole, and a pair of countersunk holes are opened at the upper end of the vertical section of the positioning block. A limiting column that slides in a one-to-one correspondence with the countersunk hole is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressure block, and a compression spring that is sleeved on the corresponding limiting column is installed between the bottom wall of the upper hole of the countersunk hole and the lower end of the corresponding pressure block. A No. 1 cylinder that corresponds to the pressure block one by one is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed plate, and the telescopic section of the No. 1 cylinder is in conflict with the upper end of the corresponding pressure block.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the magnetic attraction part includes a slot, a slot is provided at the end of the fixed seat away from the corresponding support rod, an electromagnet No. 1 is installed in the slot, a magnetic plate is provided at the end of the shaft seat away from the corresponding positioning block, a groove is provided at the upper end of the vertical section of the positioning block, and an electromagnet No. 2 is installed in the groove.

[0016] As a preferred solution, a positioning column that slides in a one-to-one correspondence with the shaft seat is fixedly installed at one end of the magnetic plate away from the No. 1 electromagnet, and a tension spring that is sleeved on the corresponding positioning column is fixedly installed between the magnetic plate and the shaft seat.

[0017] As a preferred solution, two left-right symmetrical sliding sleeves are fixedly installed at the rear end of the fixed plate, and a rectangular groove corresponding to the sliding sleeve is opened in the vertical section on the rear side of the support frame. The sliding sleeve slides through the corresponding rectangular groove, and a sliding rod sliding through the two sliding sleeves is fixedly installed between the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame.

[0018] As a preferred solution, cylinder No. 2 is fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame. The telescopic section of cylinder No. 2 slides through the movable frame and is fixedly connected to the corresponding push-pull plate. Cylinder No. 4 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed plate. The telescopic section of cylinder No. 4 is fixedly connected to the right longitudinal section of the movable frame.

[0019] As a preferred solution, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame, and a driving plate is fixedly installed after the telescopic section of the hydraulic cylinder slides through the support frame, and multiple No. 2 pillars are fixedly installed between the driving plate and the fixed plate.

[0020] One or more of the above-mentioned technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: First, the present invention effectively solves the problem of inaccurate positioning of circuit boards caused by offset, rotation or deformation in the prior art through a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism uses a positioning block and an extrusion plate to work together. The deformed circuit board is first flattened by the rubber ball at the lower end of the pressure bar, and then the positioning block clamps and positions it from the left and right sides and the extrusion plate from the front and back, achieving comprehensive control of the four free edges of the circuit board. It can not only correct positional deviations during transportation, but also adapt to board deformation during transportation, ensuring that the circuit board can be accurately inserted into the material frame.

[0021] Second, the clamping mechanism of this invention achieves precise adjustment of the circuit board's position through the cooperation of positioning blocks and extrusion plates. The positioning blocks automatically correct for left-right deviations when clamping from both sides, while the extrusion plates adjust the position in the front-back direction. This four-way positioning mechanism overcomes the limitation of existing clamping mechanisms that only contact two free edges. Even if the circuit board deviates on the conveyor belt, the multi-directional clamping can accurately return it to the predetermined position.

[0022] Third, the clamping mechanism of the present invention uses rubber balls at the bottom of the pressure strip to apply uniform downward pressure to the arched circuit board, restoring it to a flat state before clamping and positioning it. This flattening-then-positioning workflow effectively solves the problem of deformed circuit boards being difficult to clamp, avoiding situations where insufficient clamping force or even the inability to clamp due to board deformation can ensure that circuit boards of all degrees of deformation can be reliably clamped and positioned.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the correction part of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing portion of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure between the positioning block, the pressing block and the limiting column of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure in the middle.

[0031] Reference numerals: 10, lifting section; 11, feeding section; 12, material frame; 2, clamping mechanism; 20, support frame; 21, fixed plate; 3, pressing part; 30, pressure strip; 31, rubber ball; 32, connecting plate; 33, lifting plate; 34, No. 3 cylinder; 4, deviation correction part; 40, extrusion plate; 41, moving frame; 410, sliding sleeve; 411, sliding rod; 42, fixed seat; 420, push Pull plate; 421, support rod; 43, positioning block; 44, pressure block; 440, compression spring; 441, No. 1 cylinder; 45, support plate; 46, two-way cylinder; 47, shaft; 50, shaft seat; 51, return spring; 6, magnetic part; 60, No. 1 electromagnet; 61, magnetic plate; 610, positioning column; 611, tension spring; 62, No. 2 electromagnet; 7, No. 2 cylinder; 8, No. 4 cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth numerous specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloader includes a unloader, which includes a lifting section 10 arranged in the middle, a feeding section 11 arranged on the right and an output section arranged on the left, and a material frame 12 is placed in the lifting section 10; the unloader and the material frame 12 are both existing technologies and are not technical points of the present invention, so they will not be described in detail here. A clamping mechanism 2 is provided on the feeding section 11.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the clamping mechanism 2 includes a support frame 20, and the feeding section 11 is fixedly mounted with an inverted concave support frame 20. A fixed plate 21 is provided between the two vertical sections of the support frame 20 for sliding up and down, and the fixed plate 21 is provided with a pressing portion 3 and a correcting portion 4.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame 20, and a driving plate is fixedly installed after the telescopic section of the hydraulic cylinder slides through the support frame 20, and a plurality of No. 2 pillars are fixedly installed between the driving plate and the fixed plate 21.

[0036] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the pressing portion 3 includes two front-to-back symmetrical pressing strips 30 that slide up and down below the fixed plate 21 , and rubber balls 31 are evenly rolled and mounted on the lower ends of the pressing strips 30 .

[0037] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the correction part 4 includes two front-to-back symmetrical extrusion plates 40 that slide forward and backward and are arranged under the fixed plate 21. The rear end of the fixed plate 21 is slid left and right and is installed with a concave movable frame 41 located on the rear side of the support frame 20, and the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame 41 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the support frame 20. The two longitudinal sections of the movable frame 41 are both slid left and right and are provided with a fixed seat 42. The opposite surfaces of the two fixed seats 42 are both slid forward and backward and are provided with an L-shaped positioning block 43. The vertical section of the positioning block 43 slides up and down and is provided with a pressure block 44. The fixed seat 42 and the positioning block 43 are both provided with a magnetic suction part 6.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pressing part 3 also includes a connecting plate 32 fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two pressure strips 30, and a plurality of No. 1 pillars are fixedly installed on the upper end of the connecting plate 32. After the upper ends of the No. 1 pillars slide through the fixed plate 21, a lifting plate 33 is fixedly installed together. A No. 3 cylinder 34 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the lifting plate 33, and the telescopic section of the No. 3 cylinder 34 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting plate 32.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, during specific operation, the external conveying mechanism conveys the circuit board to the feeding section 11, and the feeding section 11 conveys the circuit board to the position of the clamping mechanism 2, and then the hydraulic cylinder pushes the fixed plate 21 downward through the driving plate and the second pillar, so that the two positioning blocks 43 are located on the left and right sides of the circuit board, and the two extrusion plates 40 are located on the front and back sides of the feeding section 11, and then the third cylinder 34 pushes the two pressure strips 30 downward through the lifting plate 33, the first pillar and the connecting plate 32, and the pressure strips 30 press down the circuit board through the rubber ball 31, so that the circuit board that is slightly arched due to vibration during the conveying process is The board is temporarily leveled to avoid further deformation or damage caused by direct clamping of the circuit board. The leveling method during the transportation process keeps the circuit board in a stress-locked state throughout the entire process from leveling, fixing to transportation, avoiding the stress release after the exit of the leveling mechanism in the traditional process, which leads to transportation vibration and rebound deformation caused by gravity factors. The circuit board maintains a stable geometric shape until it reaches the material frame 12. Finally, the circuit board is accurately inserted into the limit slot of the material frame 12 in a flat and non-deflected posture, avoiding problems such as jamming and collision caused by deformation or unknown misalignment, and achieving high-reliability board unloading operations.

[0040] Then the two fixing seats 42 move toward each other, driving the two positioning blocks 43 to move toward each other to clamp the left and right sides of the circuit board, completing the left and right direction correction, and then the pressing block 44 moves down to press the left and right edges of the circuit board, and is fixed to maintain the pressed state through the magnetic suction part 6, and the telescopic section of the No. 3 cylinder 34 retracts, driving the pressure strip 30 to move up and away from the circuit board.

[0041] The telescopic section of the hydraulic cylinder retracts, and the fixed plate 21 is driven to move upward through the drive plate and the second pillar. When the fixed plate 21 moves upward, it drives the circuit board that has been corrected to the left and right to rise and separate from the feeding section 11. The extrusion plate 40 is higher than the feeding section 11. At this time, the extrusion plate 40 is not blocked or interfered with by the feeding section 11. Then the two extrusion plates 40 move toward each other to clamp the front and rear sides of the circuit board to complete the front and rear direction correction. The positioning block 43 fixes the circuit board in the correction state through the magnetic component 6. Then the moving frame 41 drives the fixed seat 42 and the positioning block 43 to move left as a whole. The positioning block 43 drives the circuit board that has completed the left and right and front and back correction to accurately insert into the corresponding position of the material frame 12. The magnetic component 6 is powered off to release the positioning block 43 and the pressure block 44. All components are reset to prepare for the next operation.

[0042] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the correcting part 4 also includes a support plate 45 that is slidably installed at the lower end of the fixed plate 21 and corresponds one-to-one to the extrusion plate 40. The extrusion plate 40 is fixedly installed on the corresponding support plate 45. A two-way cylinder 46 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed plate 21. The two telescopic sections of the two-way cylinder 46 are respectively fixedly connected to the two support plates 45. The opposite surfaces of the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame 41 are slidably installed with a push-pull plate 420 through a pair of guide columns. The end of the push-pull plate 420 away from the guide column is installed with a fixed seat 42 through a pair of support rods 421.

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the positioning block 43 is slidably mounted on the fixed seat 42 through an elastic member No. 1. The elastic member No. 1 includes an axis plate. Two front-to-back symmetrical axis plates are fixedly mounted on one end of the fixed seat 42 away from the corresponding support rod 421. A shaft rod 47 is fixedly mounted between the two axis plates. A pair of shaft seats 50 are slidably mounted on the shaft rod 47. The shaft seats 50 are fixedly connected to the corresponding positioning blocks 43. A reset spring 51 is installed between the two shaft seats 50 and the corresponding axis plates.

[0044] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the pressure block 44 is slidably installed on the positioning block 43 through the No. 2 elastic member. The No. 2 elastic member includes a countersunk hole. A pair of countersunk holes are opened at the upper end of the vertical section of the positioning block 43. The lower end of the pressure block 44 is fixedly installed with a limiting column that slides in a one-to-one correspondence with the countersunk holes. A compression spring 440 is installed between the bottom wall of the upper hole of the countersunk hole and the lower end of the corresponding pressure block 44 and is sleeved on the corresponding limiting column. The lower end of the fixed plate 21 is fixedly installed with a No. 1 cylinder 441 that corresponds to the pressure block 44 one by one. The telescopic section of the No. 1 cylinder 441 is in conflict with the upper end of the corresponding pressure block 44.

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the opposite ends of the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame 41 are fixedly installed with No. 2 cylinder 7, and the telescopic section of No. 2 cylinder 7 slides through the movable frame 41 and is fixedly connected to the corresponding push-pull plate 420, and the upper end of the fixed plate 21 is fixedly installed with No. 4 cylinder 8, and the telescopic section of No. 4 cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the right longitudinal section of the movable frame 41.

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the magnetic attraction part 6 includes a slot, a slot is provided at one end of the fixing seat 42 away from the corresponding support rod 421, and a No. 1 electromagnet 60 is installed in the slot, a magnetic plate 61 is provided at one end of the shaft seat 50 away from the corresponding positioning block 43, a groove is provided at the upper end of the vertical section of the positioning block 43, and a No. 2 electromagnet 62 is installed in the groove.

[0047] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a positioning column 610 that slides in one-to-one correspondence with the shaft seat 50 is fixedly installed at one end of the magnetic plate 61 away from the first electromagnet 60, and a tension spring 611 that is sleeved on the corresponding positioning column 610 is fixedly installed between the magnetic plate 61 and the shaft seat 50.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, during specific operation, the two No. 2 cylinders 7 push the corresponding two positioning blocks 43 closer to each other through the corresponding push-pull plates 420 and support rods 421, and the vertical sections of the positioning blocks 43 correct the left and right sides of the circuit board. Then the No. 1 cylinder 441 pushes the corresponding pressure blocks 44 downward and compresses the compression spring 440 at the same time. The downward movement of the pressure blocks 44 pushes the circuit board and the horizontal sections of the positioning blocks 43 to close together, so as to limit the up and down movement of the circuit board. Then the No. 2 electromagnet 62 is energized to fix the pressure blocks 44 in the downward state, so that the pressure blocks 44 keep pressing down on the circuit board.

[0049] Afterwards, the telescopic section of the No. 1 cylinder 441 moves away from the corresponding pressure block 44, and the No. 3 cylinder 34 pulls the two pressure bars 30 away from the circuit board, so that the pressure bars 30 are higher than the extrusion plate 40. At this time, the circuit board remains flat under the downward pressure of the pressure block 44, and then the hydraulic cylinder pulls the fixed plate 21 to move upward, and the fixed plate 21 drives the circuit board that has been corrected to the left and right to move up and out of the feeding section 11.

[0050] Afterwards, the two-way cylinder 46 pulls the two support plates 45 closer to each other, and the two support plates 45 drive the two extrusion plates 40 closer to each other to squeeze the circuit board to correct the front and rear sides of the circuit board. During the correction process, the circuit board and the two positioning blocks 43 will move back and forth, and the movement of the positioning blocks 43 forces the corresponding two return springs 51 to deform. After the front and rear correction of the circuit board is completed, the No. 1 electromagnet 60 is energized to attract the magnetic plate 61 to limit the movement of the positioning blocks 43, so that the circuit board remains in a fully positioned state. At this time, the tension spring 611 is stretched, and the two-way cylinder 46 pushes the two support plates 45 away from each other, and the two support plates 45 drive the corresponding extrusion plates 40 away from the circuit board.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, two left-right symmetrical sliding sleeves 410 are fixedly installed at the rear end of the fixed plate 21, and a rectangular groove corresponding to the sliding sleeve 410 is opened on the rear vertical section of the support frame 20. The sliding sleeve 410 slides through the corresponding rectangular groove, and a sliding rod 411 that slides through the two sliding sleeves 410 is fixedly installed between the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame 41.

[0052] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figures 5 and 6 As shown, during specific operation, the No. 4 cylinder 8 pulls the movable frame 41 to move to the left, and the movable frame 41 drives the positioned circuit board to move to the left through the support rod 421, so that the circuit board can be smoothly inserted into the limit groove of the material frame 12. After moving into position, the No. 2 electromagnet 62 is powered off to release the fixation of the pressure block 44, and the pressure block 44 moves up and away from the circuit board under the action of the compression spring 440. The No. 2 cylinder 7 then pulls the corresponding positioning block 43 away from the circuit board. After the positioning block 43 is completely away from the circuit board, the No. 1 cylinder 7 pulls the corresponding positioning block 43 away from the circuit board. When the electromagnet 60 is powered off, the fixation on the magnetic plate 61 is released, and the magnetic plate 61 moves away from the first electromagnet 60 under the action of the tension spring 611. However, the gap between the magnetic plate 61 and the tension spring 611 is within the adsorption range of the first electromagnet 60, thereby ensuring that the positioning block 43 is fixed while avoiding the movement of the positioning block 43 causing frequent friction between the magnetic plate 61 and the first electromagnet 60, thereby extending the service life of the first electromagnet 60 and the magnetic plate 61, and then the positioning block 43 is reset under the action of the reset spring 51.

[0053] Afterwards, the lifting section 10 of the unloader drives the material frame 12 to move down a distance, so that the next limit slot of the material frame 12 moves to the path position to be discharged, preparing for the subsequent clamping mechanism 2 to clamp the circuit board and place it on the material frame 12. After the movement is completed, the No. 4 cylinder 8 pushes the movable frame 41 to move right and reset, preparing for the next clamping of the circuit board. The circuit boards are clamped and placed reciprocally according to the above operation until a corresponding number of circuit boards are placed in the material frame 12. The lifting plate 33 of the unloader transports the material frame 12 with the circuit boards to the output section, and the output section outputs the material frame 12 away from the lifting section 10. The material frame 12 is then moved out of the unloader by an external forklift for unified placement, and then the empty material frame 12 is inserted into the output section, and the output section transports the empty material frame 12 to the lifting section 10 to continue the clamping and placement processing of the circuit boards.

[0054] During the entire circuit board unloading process, the leveling and deflection correction cycle is greatly compressed through the close connection of actions and the response of high-speed pneumatic components. The geometric stability of the circuit board is maintained through rigid constraints, ensuring one-time and accurate insertion into the material frame 12, avoiding the efficiency loss of manual clearance, restart and debugging caused by repeated jamming in traditional solutions. Therefore, the mechanism design of this application is a necessary technical investment to ensure the high reliability of the insertion of the circuit board into the material frame 12. Its essence is to replace the uncontrollable post-fault handling link with a controllable pre-precision control process, and to achieve continuous and stable operation of the production line by avoiding rework. Ultimately, in the precision circuit board unloading scenario, the slight increase in the time consumption of a single operation is exchanged for a substantial improvement in overall production efficiency, achieving the coordinated optimization of precision and performance.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0056] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "number one," and "number two" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature designated as "first," "second," "number one," or "number two" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," "installed," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0058] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloader, comprising a unloader, the unloader comprising a lifting section and a feeding section, a material frame being placed in the lifting section; characterized in that: The feeding section is provided with a clamping mechanism; The clamping mechanism includes a support frame fixedly mounted on the feeding section and in an inverted concave shape, a fixed plate is slidably provided between two vertical sections of the support frame, and a pressing portion and a deviation correcting portion are provided on the fixed plate; The pressing part includes two pressure strips which are slidably arranged under the fixed plate, and rubber balls are evenly installed at the lower ends of the pressure strips; The deviation correction part includes two squeezing plates slidably arranged under the fixed plate, and a concave movable frame located on the rear side of the support frame is slidably installed on the rear end of the fixed plate. The two longitudinal sections of the movable frame are slidably provided with fixed seats, and the two fixed seats are slidably provided with L-shaped positioning blocks, and the vertical sections of the positioning blocks are slidably provided with pressure blocks, and magnetic suction parts are provided on the fixed seats and the positioning blocks. The pressure bar moves downward and flattens the circuit board through the rubber ball. The two positioning blocks clamp the left and right sides of the circuit board to correct the deviation. The pressure block presses the circuit board downward to limit the up and down displacement and is locked by the magnetic suction part. The fixed plate moves up to lift the circuit board out of the feeding section. The two extrusion plates then clamp the front and back sides of the circuit board to correct the deviation and the positioning blocks follow and adapt. The magnetic suction part then fixes the positioning blocks to maintain the state, and the mobile frame drives the circuit board to be accurately inserted into the material frame.

2. A positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing part also includes a connecting plate fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two pressure strips, a plurality of No. 1 pillars are fixedly installed on the upper end of the connecting plate, and a lifting plate is fixedly installed on the upper ends of the No. 1 pillars after sliding through the fixed plate, and a No. 3 cylinder is fixedly installed on the lower end of the lifting plate, and the telescopic section of the No. 3 cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting plate.

3. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The correcting part also includes a support plate that is slidably installed at the lower end of the fixed plate and corresponds to the extrusion plate one by one. The extrusion plate is fixedly installed on the corresponding support plate. A two-way cylinder is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed plate. The two telescopic sections of the two-way cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the two support plates. The opposite surfaces of the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame are slidably installed with push-pull plates through a pair of guide columns. The end of the push-pull plate away from the guide column is installed with a fixed seat through a pair of support rods.

4. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning block is slidably mounted on the fixed seat through elastic member No. 1, and the elastic member No. 1 includes an axis plate. Two front-to-back symmetrical axis plates are fixedly mounted on one end of the fixed seat away from the corresponding support rod. An axis rod is fixedly mounted between the two axis plates, and a pair of axis seats are slidably mounted on the axis rod. The axis seats are fixedly connected to the corresponding positioning blocks, and a reset spring is installed between the two axis seats and the corresponding axis plates.

5. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure block is slidably installed on the positioning block through the No. 2 elastic member. The No. 2 elastic member includes a countersunk hole. A pair of countersunk holes are opened at the upper end of the vertical section of the positioning block. A limiting column that slides in a one-to-one correspondence with the countersunk holes is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressure block. A compression spring that is sleeved on the corresponding limiting column is installed between the bottom wall of the upper hole of the countersunk hole and the lower end of the corresponding pressure block. A No. 1 cylinder that corresponds to the pressure block one by one is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed plate. The telescopic section of the No. 1 cylinder is in conflict with the upper end of the corresponding pressure block.

6. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic attraction part includes a slot, a slot is provided at one end of the fixing seat away from the corresponding support rod, an electromagnet No. 1 is installed in the slot, a magnetic plate is provided at one end of the shaft seat away from the corresponding positioning block, a groove is provided at the upper end of the vertical section of the positioning block, and an electromagnet No. 2 is installed in the groove.

7. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positioning column that slides in one-to-one correspondence with the shaft seat is fixedly installed on one end of the magnetic plate away from the No. 1 electromagnet, and a tension spring that is sleeved on the corresponding positioning column is fixedly installed between the magnetic plate and the shaft seat.

8. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two left-right symmetrical sliding sleeves are fixedly installed at the rear end of the fixed plate, and a rectangular groove corresponding to the sliding sleeves is opened in the vertical section of the rear side of the support frame. The sliding sleeves slide through the corresponding rectangular grooves, and a sliding rod sliding through the two sliding sleeves is fixedly installed between the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame.

9. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opposite ends of the two longitudinal sections of the movable frame are fixedly installed with No. 2 cylinders. The telescopic section of the No. 2 cylinder slides through the movable frame and is fixedly connected to the corresponding push-pull plate. The upper end of the fixed plate is fixedly installed with No. 4 cylinders. The telescopic section of the No. 4 cylinder is fixedly connected to the right longitudinal section of the movable frame.

10. The positioning and clamping device for a circuit board unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper end of the support frame, and a driving plate is fixedly installed after the telescopic section of the hydraulic cylinder slides through the support frame, and a plurality of No. 2 pillars are fixedly installed between the driving plate and the fixed plate.

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