Longitudinal tension test load device for super-tonnage lifting hook and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a longitudinal tension test load device for a super-tonnage lifting hook and a test method.The longitudinal tension test load device comprises a foundation bearing platform, a load test cabin is arranged on the top face of the foundation bearing platform, and a plurality of lifting lugs used for lifting are fixedly installed on the top face of the load test cabin; a servo driving motor, a precise ball screw, a longitudinal sliding base, a main loading hydraulic cylinder, an adjustable supporting frame, a sliding type bearing frame, a main locking connecting rod, a connecting rod supporting frame, a gear transmission block, a fan-shaped meshing gear, a driven connecting rod mechanism, a self-adaptive clamping module, a lateral mounting flange and a self-locking limiting plate are matched with one another; the position of the adjustable supporting frame on the hook claw can be adjusted for multiple tests, the industrial endoscope can detect cracks on the surface of the hook in the test process, the laser displacement sensor can monitor deformation of the claw, a worker detects flaws of the hook through the ultrasonic flaw detector, and the test effect on the hook is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of large-tonnage hooks, and in particular to a longitudinal tension test load device and a test method for ultra-large-tonnage hooks. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of lifting machinery, offshore hooks are widely used in ports, offshore and other fields. Super-large tonnage offshore hooks refer to hooks with a lifting capacity of 2,000 tons and above, which are usually used in marine engineering equipment such as offshore floating cranes and offshore platform heavy lifting. The design and manufacture of such hooks need to meet extremely high strength, durability and safety requirements to cope with harsh marine environments and complex operating conditions. With the development of industrial technology, the requirements for the load-bearing capacity, fatigue life and manufacturing precision of offshore hooks are increasing. Super-large tonnage offshore hooks are indispensable key equipment in the field of marine engineering. Their design and manufacture need to meet extremely high technical standards and safety requirements.

[0003] After extensive searching, we found that the only existing tensile test equipment available on the market for 3000t hooks is the tensile test equipment for hooks of 3500t and above. There are very few manufacturers that can perform tensile tests on hooks of 3500t and above. The company independently designed a special fixture and test plan. During the use of the hook, the staff will hang the cargo on the hook. The position of the cargo on the hook is different each time, resulting in low accuracy of the results obtained by testing a certain position on the hook. In addition, when inspecting the hook after the test, in addition to the cracks on the surface of the hook, it is also necessary to monitor the deformation of multiple claws on the hook and whether there are cracks inside the hook, resulting in poor test results. Therefore, based on the above search and combined with the existing technology, a longitudinal tensile test load device and test method for ultra-large tonnage hooks are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook comprises: a basic load-bearing platform, a load test cabin provided on the top surface of the basic load-bearing platform, a plurality of lifting lugs fixedly mounted on the top surface of the load test cabin for lifting, and two cabin reinforcement longitudinal beams installed on both the left and right sides of the load test cabin;

[0007] A tensile test assembly, the tensile test assembly being arranged on the inner top surface of the load test chamber and being used for performing a longitudinal tensile test on the hook;

[0008] The tensile test assembly includes a central support column, which is fixedly mounted on the inner top surface of the load test chamber. An industrial endoscope for detecting surface cracks of the hook is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the central support column. Several movable longitudinal sliding bases are provided inside the load test chamber. A universal adjustment base with adjustable angles is mounted on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base. Two main loading hydraulic cylinders are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the two main loading hydraulic cylinder telescopic shafts. An adjustable support frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom surfaces of the two main loading hydraulic cylinder telescopic shafts. Leveling tension ropes are installed on all four sides of the basic bearing platform. A sensor mounting box is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the leveling tension rope. A laser displacement sensor is fixedly mounted on the front side of the sensor mounting box, and an electromagnetic adsorption module is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the sensor mounting box.

[0009] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for super-large tonnage hooks, the tensile test assembly also includes several precision ball screws, which are rotatably connected to the four sides of the central support column respectively, and the four sides of the load test chamber are equipped with servo drive motors for driving the precision ball screws to rotate. The precision ball screws are threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base, and the four sides of the central support column are fixedly installed with lateral mounting flanges, and both sides of the lateral mounting flanges are fixedly installed with several self-locking limit plates. The top surface of the longitudinal sliding base is fixedly installed with two connecting rod support frames, and the internal rotation of the connecting rod support frame is connected to the main locking rod, and the top surface of the angle linkage joint is fixedly installed with two linear guide rail sub-mounting brackets, and the front side of the linear guide rail sub-mounting bracket is slidably connected to the driven connecting rod mechanism. Sliding counterweights are fixedly installed on both sides of the dynamic link mechanism, and the lower end of the main locking link is rotatably connected to the two sliding counterweights. Adaptive clamping modules are symmetrically installed on both sides of the two driven link mechanisms, and the adaptive clamping module is movably engaged with the self-locking limit plate. The main locking link on the left is rotatably connected to the telescopic movable frame, and the right side of the telescopic movable frame is fixedly installed with an electric linear drive, and one end of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear drive is universally connected to a sliding carrier, and the sliding carrier is rotatably connected to the main locking link on the right side, and gear transmission blocks are fixedly installed on both symmetrical sides of the two main locking links, and a sector meshing gear is fixedly installed on one side of the gear transmission block, and the two sector meshing gears are meshed and connected, and two sound and light alarm devices for alarm are fixedly installed on one side of the load test cabin.

[0010] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for super-large tonnage hooks, a ball joint positioning shaft is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base, and the upper end of the ball joint positioning shaft is universally connected to the bottom surface of the universal adjustment base. A number of hydraulic cylinder mounting supports are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base, and the internal rotation of the hydraulic cylinder mounting supports is connected to an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder. A number of angle linkage joints are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the universal adjustment base, and one end of the telescopic shaft of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the two angle linkage joints.

[0011] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for super-large tonnage hooks, a linear guide pair is fixedly installed on the front side of the linear guide pair mounting bracket, and a guide rail slider assembly is fixedly installed on the rear side of the adaptive clamping module, and the linear guide pair is slidably connected to the guide rail slider assembly.

[0012] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for super-large tonnage hooks, a guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the top surface of the basic bearing platform, an auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top surface of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft is fixedly installed with a pressure damping block, and a plurality of hydraulic bases are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve, and a leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected between each two of the hydraulic bases, and a plurality of curved contact pressure plates are provided on the outer circular wall of the guide sleeve, and a curved support frame is fixedly installed on the inner circular wall of the curved contact pressure plate, one end of the leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected to the curved support frame, and a plurality of auxiliary positioning blocks are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the pressure damping block, and an elastic buffer link is rotatably connected between each two of the auxiliary positioning blocks, and the lower end of the elastic buffer link is rotatably connected to the curved support frame.

[0013] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for extra-large tonnage hooks, two guide light shafts are fixedly installed on the four sides of the central support column, one side of the guide light shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the load test chamber, and the longitudinal sliding base is slidably connected to the guide light shaft.

[0014] As a further option for the longitudinal tensile test load device for super-large tonnage hooks, the outer circular wall of the curved contact pressure plate is fixedly installed with an anti-slip buffer layer for increasing friction, and the top surface of the basic bearing platform is provided with several wire sealing sleeves.

[0015] A test method for longitudinal tensile test load for ultra-large tonnage hooks comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Place the hook on the basic bearing platform and drive the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder to make the curved surface contact the pressure plate to expand and fix the inner wall of the hook;

[0017] S2: Hoist the load test cabin above the hook and fix the sensor installation box to the outside of the hook through the electromagnetic adsorption module;

[0018] S3: Start the main loading hydraulic cylinder to apply longitudinal pressure to the hook, adjust the position of the longitudinal sliding base through the servo drive motor, and use the adaptive locking mechanism to lock the base and share the load;

[0019] S4: Surface cracks are detected through an industrial endoscope, deformation is monitored by a laser displacement sensor, internal cracks are scanned by an ultrasonic flaw detector, and an audible and visual alarm device is triggered.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. Through the basic load-bearing platform, the staff fixed the hook on the basic load-bearing platform and hoisted the load test cabin above the basic load-bearing platform. Through the coordination of the leveling tension rope, electromagnetic adsorption module, sensor installation box and laser displacement sensor, the laser displacement sensor can be installed on the hook claw;

[0022] By cooperating with the main loading hydraulic cylinder and the adjustable support frame, pressure can be applied to the hook on the basic bearing platform. By cooperating with the servo drive motor, precision ball screw, longitudinal sliding base, main loading hydraulic cylinder, adjustable support frame, sliding carrier, main locking link, link support frame, gear transmission block, sector meshing gear, driven link mechanism, adaptive clamping module, lateral mounting flange and self-locking limit plate, the position of the adjustable support frame on the hook claw can be adjusted for multiple tests. The driven link mechanism and adaptive clamping module can stabilize the position of the longitudinal sliding base on the precision ball screw, further realizing the adjustment of the position of the adjustable support frame on the hook. During the test, the industrial endoscope will detect cracks on the hook surface, and the laser displacement sensor can monitor the deformation of the hook claw. Accordingly, after each test, the staff needs to use an ultrasonic flaw detector to inspect the hook to determine whether there are cracks on the inner wall of the hook to achieve the test effect of the hook, which is helpful for load testing of ultra-large tonnage hooks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sensor installation box and the leveling tension cable of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the elastic buffer connecting rod and the curved support frame of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4It is a rear view schematic diagram of the connection structure of the electromagnetic adsorption module and the sensor installation box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the connection structure between the central support column and the load test chamber of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the connection structure of the longitudinal sliding base and the universal adjustment base of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A is an enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of the middle part;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the installation structure of the longitudinal sliding base and the linear guide rail auxiliary mounting bracket of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure of B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driven connecting rod mechanism and the linear guide pair mounting bracket of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Basic bearing platform; 2. Load test cabin; 3. Lifting ear seat; 4. Cabin reinforcement longitudinal beam; 5. Tensile test assembly; 6. Leveling tension rope; 7. Sensor installation box; 8. Laser displacement sensor; 9. Pressure damping block; 10. Guide sleeve; 11. Hydraulic base; 12. Leveling linkage rod; 13. Auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder; 14. Curved support frame; 15. Curved contact pressure plate; 16. Elastic buffer connecting rod; 17. Electromagnetic adsorption module; 18. Central support column; 19. Industrial endoscope; 20. Longitudinal sliding base; 21. Precision ball screw; 22. Guide optical axis; 23. Lateral mounting flange; 24. Universal adjustment base; 25. Main loading hydraulic cylinder; 26 , adjustable support frame; 27. Ball joint positioning shaft; 28. Hydraulic cylinder mounting bracket; 29. ​​Angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder; 30. Angle linkage joint; 31. Linear guide pair mounting bracket; 32. Self-locking limit plate; 33. Connecting rod support frame; 34. Gear transmission block; 35. Fan-shaped meshing gear; 36. Main locking link; 37. Sliding carrier frame; 38. Electric linear drive; 39. Telescopic movable frame; 40. Sliding counterweight; 41. Driven connecting rod mechanism; 42. Adaptive clamping module; 43. Linear guide pair; 44. Guide rail slider assembly; 45. Sound and light alarm device; 46. Servo drive motor; 47. Auxiliary positioning block; 48. Anti-slip buffer layer; 49. Wire sealing sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention relates to a longitudinal tensile test device and test method for ultra-large tonnage hooks, aiming to provide a device capable of comprehensively evaluating a hook's ability to withstand longitudinal tensile forces under actual operating conditions. With the advancement of industrial technology, ultra-large tonnage hooks have been widely used in lifting equipment, bridge construction, shipbuilding, and other fields. Their safety and reliability are directly related to the safe operation of the entire project. Therefore, rigorous longitudinal tensile testing of hooks is crucial to ensuring their quality. Traditional hook tensile testing methods have numerous shortcomings, such as complex test device structures, cumbersome operation, low test accuracy, and an inability to simulate actual operating conditions. To address these issues, the present invention proposes a novel longitudinal tensile test device that integrates multiple hydraulic loading systems, a precision displacement detection module, an automated control unit, and an adjustable support frame. This device is capable of conducting comprehensive and accurate longitudinal tensile tests on hooks while maintaining high safety, adaptability, and reliability. This specification describes in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention, including the device's structural composition, the functions of its components, its operating principles, and the test methods. This specification will enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention and implement them accordingly.

[0035] In a typical implementation of this application, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 A longitudinal tensile test load device and test method for an ultra-large tonnage hook includes: a basic bearing platform 1, a load test cabin 2, a lifting lug 3, a cabin reinforcement longitudinal beam 4, a tensile test assembly 5, a leveling tension cable 6, a sensor installation box 7, a laser displacement sensor 8, an electromagnetic adsorption module 17, a main loading hydraulic cylinder 25, an adjustable support frame 26, a precision ball screw 21, a servo drive motor 46, a longitudinal sliding base 20, a universal adjustment base 24, an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 29, an angle linkage joint 30, a lateral mounting flange 23, and a self-locking limit plate 3. 2. Connecting rod support frame 33, main locking connecting rod 36, driven connecting rod mechanism 41, sliding counterweight block 40, adaptive clamping module 42, telescopic movable frame 39, electric linear drive 38, sliding carrier frame 37, gear transmission block 34, fan-shaped meshing gear 35, sound and light alarm device 45, PLC controller, guide light axis 22, hydraulic base 11, leveling linkage rod 12, pressure damping block 9, auxiliary positioning block 47, elastic buffer connecting rod 16, curved contact pressure plate 15, curved support frame 14, anti-slip buffer layer 48, wire sealing sleeve 49.

[0036] Through precise design and reasonable layout, the above components together form an efficient, stable and adjustable longitudinal tensile test system that can meet the testing requirements of ultra-large tonnage hooks.

[0037] In one possible embodiment, a basic bearing platform 1 is provided with a load test cabin 2 on the top surface of the basic bearing platform 1, a hook is placed on the basic bearing platform 1, and a plurality of lifting ear seats 3 for lifting are fixedly installed on the top surface of the load test cabin 2. The load test cabin 2 can be lifted by placing the hook into the inside of the lifting ear seat 3. Two cabin reinforcement longitudinal beams 4 are installed on the left and right sides of the load test cabin 2 by bolts. The cabin reinforcement longitudinal beams 4 can support the load test cabin 2, and the tensile test assembly 5 is provided on the inner top surface of the load test cabin 2 for performing a longitudinal tensile test on the hook.

[0038] Specifically, the basic bearing platform 1 is the supporting foundation of the entire test device. Its main function is to provide a stable installation position for the hook and to withstand the reaction force generated during the test.

[0039] Alternatively, the basic bearing platform 1 is made of high-strength steel structure with an anti-corrosion surface treatment to enhance its durability and stability, providing a stable installation platform for the hook and ensuring the fixed state of the hook during the test.

[0040] In one possible embodiment, the tensile test assembly 5 includes a central support column 18, which is fixedly mounted on the inner top surface of the load test chamber 2. An industrial endoscope 19 for detecting cracks on the surface of the hook is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the central support column 18. The industrial endoscope 19 can perform visual inspection on the surface of the hook.

[0041] based on Figure 1 and Figure 5 In a possible embodiment, a plurality of movable longitudinal sliding bases 20 are provided inside the load test chamber 2, and a universal adjustment base 24 with an adjustable angle is installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20. Two main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the universal adjustment base 24, and an adjustable support frame 26 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the telescopic axis of the two main loading hydraulic cylinders 25.

[0042] According to the above embodiment, specifically, the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 drives the adjustable support frame 26 to move downward, and the adjustable support frame 26 moves downward to apply pressure to the four-claw hook on the basic bearing platform 1, thereby performing a longitudinal tensile test on the hook.

[0043] Leveling tension ropes 6 are installed on all four sides of the basic bearing platform 1 through bolts. A sensor installation box 7 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the leveling tension rope 6. A laser displacement sensor 8 is fixedly installed on the front side of the sensor installation box 7. An electromagnetic adsorption module 17 is fixedly installed on the back side of the sensor installation box 7. The electromagnetic adsorption module 17 is a strong magnet. The sensor installation box 7 can be adsorbed on the outside of the hook claw through the electromagnetic adsorption module 17. The laser displacement sensor 8 can directly measure the position change of the four-claw hook claw, and can timely detect the deformation of the four-claw hook under the action of tension.

[0044] In a possible embodiment, the tensile testing assembly 5 also includes a plurality of precision ball screws 21, which are rotatably connected to the four sides of the central support column 18 through bearings. Servo drive motors 46 for driving the precision ball screws 21 to rotate are installed on the four sides of the load test chamber 2. The drive shaft of the servo drive motor 46 passes through the load test chamber 2 and is fixedly connected to one end of the precision ball screw 21. The precision ball screw 21 is threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base 20.

[0045] Based on the above structure, the optional working principles include: the servo drive motor 46 drives the precision ball screw 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the precision ball screw 21 causes the longitudinal sliding base 20 to drive the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 to move, changing the position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook claw, thereby changing the test position of the hook tension test.

[0046] In a possible implementation, lateral mounting flanges 23 are fixedly mounted on four sides of the central support column 18 , and a plurality of self-locking limit plates 32 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the lateral mounting flanges 23 .

[0047] Specifically, two connecting rod support frames 33 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20 , and the interior of the connecting rod support frame 33 is rotatably connected to the main locking connecting rod 36 via a rotating shaft.

[0048] Specifically, two linear guide rail mounting brackets 31 are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the angle linkage joint 30 , and a driven link mechanism 41 is slidably connected to the front side of the linear guide rail mounting bracket 31 . Sliding counterweights 40 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the driven link mechanism 41 .

[0049] Specifically, the lower end of the main locking link 36 is rotatably connected to the two sliding counterweights 40 through a rotating shaft, and the two driven link mechanisms 41 are symmetrically installed with adaptive clamping modules 42 on both sides, and the adaptive clamping modules 42 are movably engaged with the self-locking limit plates 32.

[0050] Specifically, the main locking link 36 on the left side is rotatably connected to a telescopic movable frame 39 via a rotating shaft. An electric linear actuator 38 is fixedly mounted to the right side of the telescopic movable frame 39. One end of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear actuator 38 is connected to a sliding carrier 37 via a universal joint. The sliding carrier 37 is rotatably connected to the main locking link 36 on the right side via a rotating shaft.

[0051] Specifically, the two main locking links 36 are symmetrically fixedly mounted with gear transmission blocks 34 on both sides, and a sector-shaped meshing gear 35 is fixedly mounted on one side of the gear transmission block 34 . The two sector-shaped meshing gears 35 are meshed and connected.

[0052] Based on the above structure, an optional operating principle includes the following: After adjusting the position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook using the precision ball screw 21, longitudinal sliding base 20, and servo drive motor 46, the telescopic shaft of the electric linear actuator 38 retracts inward, driving the two main locking links 36 to rotate inward and simultaneously engaging the two sector-shaped meshing gears 35. The inward movement of the main locking links 36 drives the driven linkage 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42 to engage with the self-locking limit plate 32, thereby determining the position of the longitudinal sliding base 20, sharing the load of the precision ball screw 21, reducing wear on the precision ball screw 21, and improving the accuracy of adjusting the position of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26.

[0053] In a possible embodiment, two sound and light alarm devices 45 for alarming are fixedly installed on one side of the load test chamber 2 , and the two sound and light alarm devices 45 correspond to the industrial endoscope 19 and the laser displacement sensor 8 respectively.

[0054] In one possible embodiment, a PLC controller is fixedly mounted on one side of the load test chamber 2. The electric linear actuator 38, the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25, the sound and light alarm device 45 and the driven connecting rod mechanism 41 are all electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0055] In this method, workers secure a hook to the base support platform 1 and use a crane to hoist the load test chamber 2 above it. Workers then install chamber reinforcement beams 4 on the sides of the load test chamber 2, using them to support it. Workers then use leveling tension cables 6 to move the sensor mounting box 7 and place it on the side of the four-claw hook. The electromagnetic attraction module 17 on the side of the sensor mounting box 7 attracts the hook, allowing the laser displacement sensor 8 to be mounted on the hook's claw.

[0056] Synchronously, in this method, the staff starts the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 through the PLC controller, and the telescopic shafts of the two main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 move downward to drive the adjustable support frame 26 to move downward, and the adjustable support frame 26 moves downward to apply pressure to the hook claw on the basic bearing platform 1. During the test, the industrial endoscope 19 can take pictures of the hook. If the industrial endoscope 19 captures cracks on the hook, the PLC controller starts the sound and light alarm device 45 corresponding to the industrial endoscope 19 to alarm. If the hook is deformed during the test, the hook claw will be displaced, and the displacement of the hook claw will cause the laser displacement sensor 8 to displace. After the laser displacement sensor 8 detects the displacement, the PLC controller will start the sound and light alarm device 45 corresponding to the laser displacement sensor 8 to alarm, thereby distinguishing the displacement of the hook claw from the surface crack.

[0057] As a supplement, the output of the four sets of main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 can be adjusted individually by adjusting the hydraulic pressure of the multiple main loading hydraulic cylinders 25. After each test, the staff also needs to scan the hook with an ultrasonic flaw detector to detect cracks inside the hook.

[0058] In one possible operation, the hook requires multiple tests to adapt to actual usage, as the cargo's mounting point on the hook varies. A worker activates the servo drive motor 46 via the PLC controller. The drive shaft of the servo drive motor 46 rotates, driving the precision ball screw 21. This rotation of the precision ball screw 21 causes the longitudinal sliding base 20 to move along it. This movement of the longitudinal sliding base 20 drives the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, adjusting the position of the adjustable support frame 26's claw on the hook.

[0059] As a supplement to the above-described operational process, after adjusting the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 to the test position, the PLC controller activates the electric linear actuator 38. The inward contraction of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear actuator 38 drives the right primary locking link 36 inward within the link support frame 33 via the sliding carrier 37. The inward movement of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear actuator 38 also causes the telescopic movable frame 39 to rotate the left primary locking link 36 inward within the link support frame 33. The inward rotation of the two main locking links 36 drives the sector gear 35 inward via the gear transmission block 34. The two sector-shaped meshing gears 35 mesh with each other, restricting the rotation of the main locking link 36. The inward rotation of the two main locking links 36 also causes the two sets of driven linkages 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42 to move inward via the sliding counterweight 40. The adaptive clamping module 42 then moves inward to engage with the self-locking limit plate 32 on the lateral mounting flange 23. The driven linkage 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42 now work together to stabilize the position of the longitudinal sliding base 20 on the precision ball screw 21, sharing the load on the precision ball screw 21. This reduces the possibility of damage to the precision ball screw 21 and improves the stability of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 during movement.

[0060] This operation further adjusts the position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook. The main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is then activated, cooperating with the adjustable support frame 26 to test other positions on the hook claw. During the test, the industrial endoscope 19 detects cracks on the hook surface, while the laser displacement sensor 8 monitors the deformation of the claw. Accordingly, after each test, the hook is inspected using an ultrasonic flaw detector to determine if any cracks are present on the inner wall. This allows for a longitudinal tensile test of the hook to achieve the desired test results.

[0061] During this process, pressure is applied to the hook via four sets of main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and an adjustable support frame 26, thereby subjecting the hook to a longitudinal tensile test. Simultaneously, the test position of the main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook is adjusted via the servo drive motor 46 and the precision ball screw 21. The driven linkage 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42, in conjunction with the electric linear actuator 38, engage the self-locking limit plate 32 on the lateral mounting flange 23. The positions of the main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 are stabilized, and the positions of the main loading hydraulic cylinders 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 are adjusted. By adjusting the test position of the hook, the forces acting on the hook in actual use are simulated. During the test, an industrial endoscope 19, a laser displacement sensor 8, and an ultrasonic flaw detector are used to detect surface cracks, claw deformation, and internal cracks on the hook, facilitating load testing of ultra-large tonnage hooks.

[0062] In a possible embodiment, a ball joint positioning shaft 27 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20 , and the upper end of the ball joint positioning shaft 27 is connected to the bottom surface of the universal adjustment base 24 via a universal joint.

[0063] Specifically, several hydraulic cylinder mounting brackets 28 are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base 20. Angle adjustment hydraulic cylinders 29 are rotatably connected to the interior of these hydraulic cylinder mounting brackets 28 via a rotating shaft. Several angle linkage joints 30 are fixedly mounted on both the left and right sides of the universal adjustment base 24. One end of the telescopic shaft of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 29 is rotatably connected to two angle linkage joints 30 via a rotating shaft. The angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 29 is electrically connected to a PLC controller.

[0064] Based on the above structure, in one possible implementation, the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 move their telescopic axes, allowing the universal adjustment base 24 to rotate about the ball joint positioning axis 27. The longitudinal sliding base 20 rotates to change the angle of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, thereby adjusting the output angle while maintaining the overall longitudinal direction.

[0065] Preferably, a main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and an adjustable support frame 26 are provided. When the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 are used to perform a longitudinal tensile test on the hook, the staff activates the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 through the PLC controller. The telescopic shafts of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 move outward or inward and then drive the universal adjustment base 24 to rotate around the ball joint positioning axis 27 through the angle linkage joint 30. Thus, while keeping the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 in the longitudinal direction as a whole, the output angles of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 are changed. This further simulates the actual situation of the cargo on the hook and improves the accuracy of the test results.

[0066] In one possible embodiment, a linear guide pair 43 is fixedly mounted on the front side of the linear guide pair mounting bracket 31, and a guide rail slider assembly 44 is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the adaptive clamping module 42. The linear guide pair 43 and the guide rail slider assembly 44 are slidably connected, and the linear guide pair 43 and the guide rail slider assembly 44 cooperate to support the movement of the driven linkage mechanism 41.

[0067] Preferably, by setting up a follower link mechanism 41, the movement of the follower link mechanism 41 will drive the guide rail slider assembly 44 to move on the linear guide pair 43. The linear guide pair 43 and the guide rail slider assembly 44 can cooperate to support the movement of the follower link mechanism 41, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the follower link mechanism 41.

[0068] In one possible embodiment, a guide sleeve 10 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the basic bearing platform 1, an auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the basic bearing platform 1, and a pressure damping block 9 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the telescopic shaft of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13.

[0069] In a possible embodiment, a plurality of hydraulic bases 11 are fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential wall of the guide sleeve 10. A leveling linkage rod 12 is rotatably connected between every two hydraulic bases 11 via a rotating shaft.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, the outer circumferential surface of the guide sleeve 10 is provided with a plurality of curved contact pressure plates 15, and the inner circumferential surface of the curved contact pressure plates 15 is fixedly mounted with a curved support frame 14. One end of the leveling linkage rod 12 is rotatably connected to the curved support frame 14 via a rotating shaft.

[0071] In one possible embodiment, a plurality of auxiliary positioning blocks 47 are fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the pressure-bearing damping block 9. An elastic buffer link 16 is rotatably connected between each two auxiliary positioning blocks 47 via a rotating shaft. The lower end of the elastic buffer link 16 is rotatably connected to the curved support frame 14 via a rotating shaft.

[0072] Based on the above structure, an optional operating principle includes the following: a worker places the hook on the base support platform 1, and the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure damping block 9 downward. The downward movement of the pressure damping block 9 causes the curved contact plate 15 to abut the inner wall of the hook through the elastic buffer link 16 and the leveling linkage rod 12, thereby securing the hook.

[0073] Based on the aforementioned operating principle, a worker places the hook on the basic support platform 1, which positions the multiple curved contact pressure plates 15 within the hook. The downward movement of the telescopic shaft of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure damping block 9 downward. The downward movement of the pressure damping block 9, through the auxiliary positioning block 47, drives the elastic buffer link 16, which in turn drives the curved contact pressure plates 15 outward. This outward movement of the curved contact pressure plates 15 also causes the curved support frame 14 to rotate the leveling linkage 12 downward within the two hydraulic bases 11. The multiple curved contact pressure plates 15 move outward to abut the inner wall of the hook, thereby securing the hook and facilitating subsequent testing of the hook.

[0074] In one possible embodiment, two guide optical shafts 22 are fixedly mounted on each of the four sides of the central support column 18. One side of the guide optical shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the load test chamber 2, and the longitudinal sliding base 20 is slidably connected to the guide optical shaft 22, and the guide optical shaft 22 can limit the movement of the longitudinal sliding base 20.

[0075] As a further option of the above embodiment, a longitudinal sliding base 20 is provided. When the longitudinal sliding base 20 moves along the precision ball screw 21, it moves along two guide optical axes 22. The guide optical axes 22 can limit the movement of the longitudinal sliding base 20, thereby achieving a restraining effect on the longitudinal sliding base 20.

[0076] In one possible embodiment, an anti-skid buffer layer 48 for increasing friction is fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential wall of the curved contact pressure plate 15. The anti-skid buffer layer 48 increases the friction between the curved contact pressure plate 15 and the inner wall of the hook, thereby improving the fixing effect of the hook.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, a plurality of wire-passing sealing sleeves 49 are provided on the top surface of the basic supporting platform 1, and bolts are reserved on the ground of the test site. When the basic supporting platform 1 is placed on the test site, the bolts enter the interior of the wire-passing sealing sleeves 49 on the basic supporting platform 1, and then the staff fixes the bolts with nuts to fix the position of the basic supporting platform 1.

[0078] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 10 A test method for longitudinal tensile test load for oversized tonnage hooks comprises the following steps:

[0079] S1: Place the hook to be tested on the base load-bearing platform 1, ensuring that the hook center is aligned with the load test chamber 2. The auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure damping block 9 downward. This downward movement of the pressure damping block 9 causes the elastic buffer link 16 and the leveling linkage rod 12 to work together to push the curved contact pressure plate 15 outward, allowing the anti-slip buffer layer 48 to closely adhere to the inner wall of the hook, completing the mechanical fixation of the hook.

[0080] S2: Lift the load test chamber 2 above the hook using the lifting lugs 3. Install the chamber reinforcement beams 4 to stabilize the load test chamber 2. The sensor mounting box 7 is attached to the outside of the hook claw via the electromagnetic attraction module 17, ensuring contact between the laser displacement sensor 8 and the claw to monitor deformation.

[0081] S3: The main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 drives the adjustable support frame 26 to press down the hook claw for testing. After the initial test, the PLC controller activates the servo drive motor 46. The servo drive motor 46 drives the precision ball screw 21 to rotate, driving the longitudinal sliding base 20 along the guide optical axis 22, adjusting the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 to the target test position. The electric linear actuator 38 retracts the telescopic shaft, causing the main locking link 36 to engage the sector gear 35. Simultaneously, the driven linkage 41 pushes the adaptive clamping module 42 to engage the self-locking limit plate 32, locking the longitudinal sliding base 20 in position and sharing the load of the precision ball screw 21. The position of the adjustable support frame 26 on the hook is adjusted by the precision ball screw 21 to simulate the load conditions at different mounting points and conduct multiple tests. If diagonal loads are required, the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder 29 adjusts the angle of the universal adjustment base 24, allowing the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 to fine-tune the force output direction based on the longitudinal direction.

[0082] S4: The hook surface is photographed in real time using an industrial endoscope 19. If a crack is detected, the PLC triggers the audible and visual alarm device 45, and the laser displacement sensor 8 records the hook claw displacement. If the limit is exceeded, another audible and visual alarm device 45 is triggered. After unloading, an ultrasonic flaw detector is used to scan the interior of the hook to detect hidden cracks.

[0083] The working principle of the above overall structure includes:

[0084] During use, the staff places the hook on the basic bearing platform 1, and the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the pressure damping block 9 to move downward. Through the cooperation of the elastic buffer link 16 and the leveling linkage rod 12, the curved contact pressure plate 15 moves outward to abut the inner wall of the hook. The anti-slip buffer layer 48 increases the friction force, thereby fixing the hook. The load test cabin 2 is hoisted above the basic bearing platform 1 by a crane, and the cabin reinforcement longitudinal beam 4 is installed to support the load test cabin 2. The sensor installation box 7 is moved through the leveling tension rope 6 and placed on the side of the four-claw hook claw. The hook is adsorbed by the electromagnetic adsorption module 17, and the laser displacement sensor 8 is installed on the hook claw.

[0085] The servo drive motor 46 is activated via the PLC controller, causing the drive shaft to rotate, driving the precision ball screw 21. The precision ball screw 21 is threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base 20, causing the longitudinal sliding base 20 to move along the precision ball screw 21, thereby driving the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26 to move and adjust their test position on the hook. After adjusting to the test position, the PLC controller activates the electric linear actuator 38, whose telescopic shaft retracts inward, driving the main locking link 36 to rotate inward, and then engaging the sector meshing gear 35 through the gear transmission block 34. Simultaneously, the sliding counterweight 40 drives the driven linkage 41 and the adaptive clamping module 42 inward. The adaptive clamping module 42 engages the self-locking limit plate 32, stabilizing the position of the longitudinal sliding base 20 on the precision ball screw 21, sharing the load of the precision ball screw 21, and improving stability.

[0086] The main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 is activated via the PLC controller. Its telescopic shaft moves downward, driving the adjustable support frame 26 downward, applying pressure to the hook claw on the base load-bearing platform 1 and conducting a longitudinal tensile test. During the test, the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinders 29 on both sides of the universal adjustment base 24 are activated via the PLC controller. The movement of their telescopic shafts drives the universal adjustment base 24 to rotate about the ball joint positioning axis 27, changing the output angle of the main loading hydraulic cylinder 25 and the adjustable support frame 26, simulating the actual situation of cargo on the hook and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0087] During the test, the industrial endoscope 19 photographs the hook. If cracks are detected on the hook surface, the PLC controller activates the audible and visual alarm device 45 associated with the industrial endoscope 19. If the hook deforms during the test and the hook claw moves, the laser displacement sensor 8 detects the displacement and activates the audible and visual alarm device 45 associated with the laser displacement sensor 8, thereby distinguishing between hook claw displacement and surface cracks.

[0088] After each test, the staff used an ultrasonic flaw detector to scan the hook to detect cracks inside the hook. Due to the different cargo mounting points, the hook needs to be tested multiple times, repeating the above-mentioned test position adjustment and longitudinal tensile test process to simulate the stress conditions of the hook in actual use and comprehensively test the performance of the hook.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A longitudinal tensile test load device for ultra-large tonnage hooks, characterized in that ,include: The basic bearing platform has a load test cabin on its top surface, a plurality of lifting lugs are fixedly installed on the top surface of the load test cabin, and two cabin reinforcement longitudinal beams are installed on the left and right sides of the load test cabin; A tensile test assembly is provided on the top surface of the load test chamber and is used to perform a longitudinal tensile test on the hook; The tensile test assembly includes a central support column, which is fixedly mounted on the inner top surface of the load test chamber. An industrial endoscope for detecting surface cracks of the hook is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the central support column. Several movable longitudinal sliding bases are provided inside the load test chamber. A universal adjustment base with adjustable angles is mounted on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base. Two main loading hydraulic cylinders are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the two main loading hydraulic cylinder telescopic shafts. An adjustable support frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom surfaces of the two main loading hydraulic cylinder telescopic shafts. Leveling tension ropes are installed on all four sides of the basic bearing platform. A sensor mounting box is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the leveling tension rope. A laser displacement sensor is fixedly mounted on the front side of the sensor mounting box, and an electromagnetic adsorption module is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the sensor mounting box.

2. The longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensile test assembly also includes several precision ball screws, which are rotatably connected to the four sides of the central support column respectively. Servo drive motors for driving the precision ball screws to rotate are installed on the four sides of the load test chamber. The precision ball screws are threadedly connected to the longitudinal sliding base. Side mounting flanges are fixedly installed on the four sides of the central support column. Several self-locking limit plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the side mounting flanges. Two connecting rod support frames are fixedly installed on the top surface of the longitudinal sliding base. The main locking connecting rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the connecting rod support frame. Two linear guide rail sub-mounting brackets are fixedly installed on the top surface of the angle linkage joint. The front side of the linear guide rail sub-mounting bracket is slidably connected to a driven connecting rod mechanism. Both sides of the driven connecting rod mechanism are fixedly installed There is a sliding counterweight block, the lower end of the main locking link is rotatably connected to the two sliding counterweight blocks, and adaptive clamping modules are symmetrically installed on both sides of the two driven link mechanisms, and the adaptive clamping module is movably engaged with the self-locking limit plate. The main locking link on the left is rotatably connected to the telescopic movable frame, and the right side of the telescopic movable frame is fixedly installed with an electric linear drive, and one end of the telescopic shaft of the electric linear drive is universally connected to a sliding carrier, and the sliding carrier is rotatably connected to the main locking link on the right side, and the two main locking links are symmetrically fixed with gear transmission blocks on both sides, and a sector meshing gear is fixedly installed on one side of the gear transmission block, and the two sector meshing gears are meshed in connection, and two sound and light alarm devices for alarm are fixedly installed on one side of the load test cabin.

3. The longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ball joint positioning shaft is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base, and the upper end of the ball joint positioning shaft is universally connected to the bottom surface of the universal adjustment base. A number of hydraulic cylinder mounting supports are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the longitudinal sliding base, and the internal rotation of the hydraulic cylinder mounting supports is connected to an angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder. A number of angle linkage joints are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the universal adjustment base, and one end of the telescopic shaft of the angle adjustment hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the two angle linkage joints.

4. The longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 2, characterized in that: A linear guide pair is fixedly installed on the front side of the linear guide pair mounting bracket, a guide rail slider assembly is fixedly installed on the rear side of the adaptive clamping module, and the linear guide pair is slidably connected to the guide rail slider assembly.

5. The longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the basic bearing platform is fixedly installed with a guide sleeve, and the top surface of the basic bearing platform is fixedly installed with an auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder, and the top surface of the telescopic shaft of the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed with a pressure damping block, and the outer circular wall surface of the guide sleeve is fixedly installed with a plurality of hydraulic bases, and a leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected between each two of the hydraulic bases, and the outer circular wall surface of the guide sleeve is provided with a plurality of curved contact pressure plates, and the inner circular wall surface of the curved contact pressure plate is fixedly installed with a curved support frame, one end of the leveling linkage rod is rotatably connected to the curved support frame, and the outer circular wall surface of the pressure damping block is fixedly installed with a plurality of auxiliary positioning blocks, and an elastic buffer link is rotatably connected between each two of the auxiliary positioning blocks, and the lower end of the elastic buffer link is rotatably connected to the curved support frame.

6. The longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide light shafts are fixedly installed on four sides of the central supporting column, one side of the guide light shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the load test chamber, and the longitudinal sliding base is slidably connected to the guide light shaft.

7. The longitudinal tensile test load device for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 5, characterized in that: An anti-skid buffer layer for increasing friction is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall surface of the curved contact pressure plate, and a plurality of wire-passing sealing sleeves are provided on the top surface of the basic bearing platform.

8. A test method for longitudinal tensile test load for ultra-large tonnage hooks, used in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Place the hook on the basic bearing platform and drive the auxiliary leveling hydraulic cylinder to make the curved surface contact the pressure plate to expand and fix the inner wall of the hook; S2: Hoist the load test cabin above the hook and fix the sensor installation box to the outside of the hook through the electromagnetic adsorption module; S3: Start the main loading hydraulic cylinder to apply longitudinal pressure to the hook, adjust the position of the longitudinal sliding base through the servo drive motor, and use the adaptive locking mechanism to lock the base and share the load; S4: Surface cracks are detected through an industrial endoscope, deformation is monitored by a laser displacement sensor, internal cracks are scanned by an ultrasonic flaw detector, and an audible and visual alarm device is triggered.

9. The method for testing the longitudinal tensile test load for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the angle of the universal adjustment base is adjusted to simulate oblique force, and multiple sets of test data are recorded through the PLC controller; In step S4, if the laser displacement sensor (8) detects that the deformation exceeds the limit, the test is suspended and the fault location is marked, and a comprehensive evaluation is performed in combination with the ultrasonic flaw detection results.

10. The method for testing the longitudinal tensile test load for an ultra-large tonnage hook according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: The test is repeated at multiple mounting points of the hook, and the position of the adjustable support frame is adjusted by a precision ball screw to simulate the multi-angle stress state under actual working conditions.

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