A quantum phase state simulation processing method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a quantum phase state simulation processing method, device, equipment and medium, the method comprises: obtaining quantum communication performance data and an adjustment factor; determining a target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor; the phase state represents a specific angle for preparing a quantum state; determining a target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data; measuring the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator, through the selection of the phase state for dynamically optimizing quantum state service and the phase state for measurement, the probability of measurement failure and the bit error rate are effectively reduced, and the performance of the system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum key distribution, and in particular to a quantum phase state simulation processing method, device, equipment and medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of quantum communication technology, quantum key distribution (QKD) and other applications have gradually become an important research direction in the field of information security. With the gradual commercialization of QKD technology, the demand for high-precision simulation tools is increasingly urgent. However, the physical characteristics of the quantum communication process are affected by various objective factors during the transmission process. Therefore, whether in simulation tools or in actual quantum communication systems, the performance will be degraded due to the limitations in the preparation and measurement processes of quantum states. The business phase state and the measurement phase state cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the noise, and this limitation leads to a high probability of measurement failure and an increase in the bit error rate, which affects the security and reliability of the system. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application embodiments are proposed to provide a quantum phase state simulation processing method, device, equipment and medium which overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application embodiments disclose a quantum phase state simulation processing method, which comprises:

[0005] Obtaining quantum communication performance data and an adjustment factor;

[0006] According to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor, determining a target quantum phase state; the phase state represents a specific angle for preparing a quantum state;

[0007] According to the quantum communication performance data, determining a target projection operator;

[0008] According to the target projection operator, measuring the target quantum phase state.

[0009] Optionally, the quantum communication performance data includes a key generation rate, and the determination of the target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor comprises:

[0010] According to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor, determining at least one phase slice; the phase slice represents a specific angle range;

[0011] According to the at least one phase slice, determining a target phase slice;

[0012] According to the target phase slice, determining a target quantum phase state.

[0013] Optionally, the determining the at least one phase-flip according to the secret key generation rate and the adjustment factor comprises:

[0014] determining the number of phase-flips required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the secret key generation rate and the adjustment factor;

[0015] determining the at least one phase-flip in a preset continuous phase angle range according to the number of phase-flips required for preparing the quantum phase state.

[0016] Optionally, the determining the number of phase-flips required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the secret key generation rate and the adjustment factor comprises: determining the number of phase-flips required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the secret key generation rate and the adjustment factor according to the following formula:

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] wherein M represents the number of phase-flips required for preparing the quantum phase state, M(t) represents an intermediate value of determining the number of phase-flips required for preparing the quantum phase state, mod2 represents taking modulo 2, SKR(t) represents the secret key generation rate at the current time, M target is a preset expected secret key generation rate, represents the adjustment factor, SKR(t) is the secret key generation rate at the current time, M base is a preset number of phase-flips, and ΔSKR represents a relative gap between the current secret key generation rate and the preset target secret key generation rate, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0020] .

[0021] Optionally, the quantum communication performance data comprises a quantum bit error rate, and the determining the target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data comprises:

[0022] determining a quantum transmission noise according to the quantum bit error rate and a preset reference bit error rate;

[0023] determining the target projection operator according to the quantum transmission noise according to the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] wherein represents the target projection operator, represents the quantum transmission noise, and I represents a 2x2 unit matrix, represents a preset ideal projection operator;

[0026] Among the at least one candidate projection operator, a target candidate projection operator is determined.

[0027] Optionally, the target quantum phase state comprises a measurement phase state and a service phase state, and the determining the target quantum phase state according to the target phase tile comprises: determining the measurement phase state and the service phase state according to the target phase tile.

[0028] Optionally, the measuring the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator comprises:

[0029] According to the target projection operator, a probability distribution of at least one measurement result is determined.

[0030] At least one measurement result conforming to the probability distribution of the at least one measurement result is generated by a preset numerical generation algorithm.

[0031] In another aspect, the embodiments of the present application also disclose a quantum phase state simulation processing device, the device comprising:

[0032] A data acquisition module is configured to acquire quantum communication performance data and an adjustment factor;

[0033] A phase state determination module is configured to determine a target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor; the phase state represents a specific angle for preparing a quantum state;

[0034] A projection operator determination module is configured to determine a target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data;

[0035] A quantum state measurement module is configured to measure the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator.

[0036] Optionally, the quantum communication performance data comprises a key generation rate, and the phase state determination module comprises:

[0037] A phase tile determination sub-module is configured to determine at least one phase tile according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor; the phase tile represents a specific angle range;

[0038] A target phase tile determination sub-module is configured to determine a target phase tile according to the at least one phase tile;

[0039] A quantum phase state determination sub-module is configured to determine a target quantum phase state according to the target phase tile.

[0040] Optionally, the phase tile determination sub-module comprises:

[0041] A phase sheet number determination unit is configured to determine a number of phase sheets required for preparing a quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and an adjustment factor.

[0042] A phase sheet angle range determination unit is configured to determine at least one phase sheet in a preset continuous phase angle range according to the number of phase sheets required for preparing the quantum phase state.

[0043] Optionally, the phase sheet number determination unit comprises:

[0044] A phase sheet calculation unit is configured to determine the number of phase sheets required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor according to the following formula:

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] wherein M represents the number of phase sheets required for preparing the quantum phase state, M(t) represents an intermediate value of determining the number of phase sheets required for preparing the quantum phase state, mod 2 represents taking modulo 2, SKR target is a preset expected key generation rate, represents the adjustment factor, SKR(t) is a key generation rate at a current time, M base is a preset phase sheet number, and ΔSKR represents a relative gap between the current key generation rate and the preset target key generation rate, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0048] .

[0049] Optionally, the quantum communication performance data comprises a quantum bit error rate, and the projection operator determination module comprises:

[0050] A noise determination sub-module is configured to determine quantum transmission noise according to the quantum bit error rate and a preset reference bit error rate.

[0051] A projection operator calculation sub-module is configured to determine a target projection operator according to the quantum transmission noise according to the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] wherein represents the target projection operator, represents the quantum transmission noise, and I represents a 2x2 unit matrix, represents a preset ideal projection operator.

[0054] Optionally, the quantum phase state determination sub-module comprises:

[0055] A measurement and service phase state determination submodule is configured to determine a measurement phase state and a service phase state according to the target phase state.

[0056] A target phase state measurement submodule is configured to measure the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator.

[0057] Optionally, the target projection operator determination submodule comprises:

[0058] A result distribution determination unit is configured to determine a probability distribution of at least one measurement result according to the target projection operator.

[0059] A measurement result determination unit is configured to generate at least one measurement result conforming to the probability distribution of the at least one measurement result by using a preset numerical value generation algorithm.

[0060] Correspondingly, an electronic device is disclosed, which comprises a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements each step of the above-mentioned quantum phase state simulation processing method embodiment.

[0061] Correspondingly, a computer readable storage medium is disclosed, which stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements each step of the above-mentioned quantum phase state simulation processing method embodiment.

[0062] The embodiment of the present application has the following advantages: by obtaining quantum communication performance data reflecting real-time communication performance and an adjustment factor, and determining a target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor, the present application can dynamically adjust the preparation method of the quantum state to adapt to the change of channel noise; by determining a target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data, and measuring the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator, the present application no longer uses a fixed measurement phase state selection strategy, but dynamically generates a target projection operator according to quantum communication performance data and a measurement phase state, so as to obtain a measurement result of the quantum phase state by using the target projection operator; by dynamically optimizing the selection of the service phase state and the measurement phase state of the quantum state, the measurement failure probability and the bit error rate are effectively reduced, and the performance of the system is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 is a step flowchart of a quantum phase state simulation processing method embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 2 is a service scenario flowchart of a quantum phase state simulation processing method embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of a quantum phase state simulation processing device of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, further detailed description of the present application will be given below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0067] One of the core ideas of the embodiments of the present application is that the target quantum phase state and the target projection operator are dynamically determined by acquiring the real-time performance of quantum communication and the corresponding adjustment factor, and the target quantum phase state is measured according to the target projection operator, so that the system can adapt to the dynamically changing channel conditions, effectively reduce the measurement failure probability and the bit error rate, and improve the performance of the system.

[0068] Referring to Figure 1 , a step flowchart of an embodiment of a quantum phase state simulation processing method of the present application is shown, which can specifically include the following steps:

[0069] Step 101, acquiring quantum communication performance data and an adjustment factor;

[0070] Quantum communication is a technology for realizing information transmission by using quantum mechanics principles such as quantum superposition state or quantum entangled state, which can include quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation and other applications.

[0071] In quantum communication, especially in QKD systems, two core subjects are usually involved: Alice (the sender) and Bob (the receiver), wherein Alice is mainly responsible for preparing quantum states and sending them to the receiver. In the present scheme, the main tasks of Alice include: determining the target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor; preparing quantum states and sending them to Bob through the quantum channel. Bob is mainly responsible for receiving and measuring quantum states; in the present application, the main tasks of Bob include: dynamically generating a projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor; measuring the target quantum phase state using the projection operator and screening valid data.

[0072] In a general quantum communication scheme, Alice and Bob are two virtual roles, Alice is a functional module representing the sender, and Bob is a functional module representing the receiver, that is, the behavior of Alice and Bob is realized by specific physical units or computing units, so the actual execution subject of the present application can be a hardware device, for example, the hardware device for implementing the function of Alice can be a single photon source or a phase modulator, and the hardware device for implementing the function of Bob can be a single photon detector or a polarizer, a phase delay device, etc. In addition to hardware devices, in the context of simulation or theoretical verification, the present application can also be deployed on a computer in the form of a software system or algorithm.

[0073] In the field of quantum communication, quantum communication performance data refers to various indicators and parameters used to evaluate and optimize the performance of quantum communication systems. These data reflect the running state, transmission efficiency, security, and noise resistance of the system; the adjustment factor is a variable or coefficient used to dynamically optimize system parameters. In quantum communication, the adjustment factor can be a gain control factor, a noise compensation factor, etc. Its role is to adjust the quantum state preparation strategy or measurement base selection according to the current quantum communication system state to improve system performance.

[0074] Step 102, determining a target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor; the phase state represents a specific angle for preparing a quantum state;

[0075] The quantum phase state is a quantum state defined by a specific phase value, that is, a specific phase angle defined quantum state, used for information encoding and transmission. In quantum communication, quantum phase states are usually discretized. For example: = 0, the corresponding quantum state is | >= |0>; if = 1, the corresponding quantum state is | >= |1> where, >, |0> is the Dirac symbol, which is a standard symbol in quantum mechanics to describe quantum states. The Dirac symbol has two forms: ket (|ψ>), representing a quantum state; bra (⟨ψ|), representing the conjugate transpose of ket, | > represents a quantum state, where is the label or parameter of the quantum state. |0> represents a specific quantum state, usually called the ground state or zero state. In a two-level system such as a quantum bit system, |0> is one of the two orthogonal ground states, and the other is |1>. The phase state is a quantum state defined by a specific phase value. For example: >= cos(θ / 2)|0> + e iϕsin(θ / 2)|1>, in the present invention, the phase state is defined as a quantum state represented by a two-dimensional complex vector, and its specific mathematical representation is:

[0076] .

[0077] To prepare a quantum state is to generate a specific quantum state through physical devices or algorithms. For example: Generating a quantum state using a photon source | > Or adjust the phase value of the quantum state through a phase modulator. According to the quantum communication performance data such as key generation rate, bit error rate and other data and adjustment factors such as gain control factor, at least one phase value is selected through analysis and optimization. , and according to at least one phase value Determine the target quantum phase state, that is, a specific angle used to prepare the quantum state.

[0078] In one embodiment, the quantum communication performance data includes a key generation rate, and step 102 may include the following sub-steps:

[0079] The Secret Key Rate (SKR) is used to evaluate key generation-related data in quantum communication performance data, indicating the number of valid key bits generated per unit time.

[0080] Sub-step S11, determining at least one phase plate according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor; the phase plate represents a specific angle range;

[0081] At least one phase plate can be determined based on the key generation rate and adjustment factor in the above content. Each of these phase plates represents a specific angle range, and the system can select a specific phase value based on this specific angle range.

[0082] In one embodiment, sub-step S11 may include the following sub-steps:

[0083] Sub-step S111, determining the number of phase plates required to prepare the quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor;

[0084] As described above, the phase plate represents a specific angle range. The specific angle range can be divided into several angle ranges that are equal to the number of phase plates and do not overlap with each other within the specified angle range according to the number of phase plates; and the number of phase plates can be generated according to specific preset rules based on the key generation rate and adjustment factor.

[0085] In one embodiment, sub-step S111 may include the following sub-steps:

[0086] Sub-step S1111, according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor, the number of phase pieces required for preparing the quantum phase state is determined according to the following formula:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Wherein, M represents the number of phase pieces required for preparing the quantum phase state, M(t) represents an intermediate value of determining the number of phase pieces required for preparing the quantum phase state, mod2 represents taking modulo 2, SKR target is a preset expected key generation rate, represents an adjustment factor, SKR(t) is the key generation rate at the current time, M base is a preset phase piece number, and ΔSKR represents a relative gap between the current key generation rate and the preset target key generation rate, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0090] .

[0091] Sub-step S112, according to the number of phase pieces required for preparing the quantum phase state, at least one phase piece is determined in a preset continuous phase angle range.

[0092] Exemplarily, after the number of phase pieces is determined above , the continuous phase angle range may be equally divided into phase pieces to generate a discrete phase piece set .

[0093] Sub-step S12, according to the at least one phase piece, a target phase piece is determined;

[0094] The way of determining the target phase piece from the at least one phase piece can be randomly selected, or the target phase piece can be determined according to other specific selection methods.

[0095] Sub-step S13, according to the target phase piece, a target quantum phase state is determined.

[0096] After randomly extracting the phase piece from the phase piece set, the system will randomly generate a binary key bit k∈{0,1}. And according to the binary key bit and the phase piece, a phase angle is generated, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] After determining the phase angle, the parameters can be compressed in the form of a matrix and saved to reduce resource occupation, and the representation is the same as the data representation of the above phase state, that is:

[0099]

[0100] In an embodiment, the target quantum phase state comprises a measurement phase state and a service phase state, and the sub-step S13 comprises the following sub-step:

[0101] Sub-step S21, determining the measurement phase state and the service phase state according to the target phase state:

[0102] In the present application, when preparing the phase state, the service phase state and the measurement phase state are generated at the same time. The service phase state represents the quantum phase state generated by simulating Alice, and the measurement phase state is equivalent to the quantum phase state generated by simulating Bob, which is used to determine the target projection operator, so that the measurement result of the quantum phase state can be obtained according to the target projection operator.

[0103] Step 103, determining the target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data;

[0104] From a mathematical point of view, the projection operator is a mathematical tool used to describe the measurement operation in quantum mechanics. Its form is: , which is used to project the quantum state onto a specific measurement basis, thereby realizing the measurement operation. The measurement basis is a set of orthogonal quantum states used to describe the direction or phase of measurement. For example, in a phase encoding system, the measurement basis can be { |0>, |1>, |+>, |->}. From the perspective of physical implementation, the projection operator is used to realize the selection of the measurement basis through hardware settings such as polarizer angle, phase delay, etc. For example, in a polarization encoding system, the projection operator corresponds to a specific polarization direction; in a phase encoding system, the projection operator corresponds to a specific phase value.

[0105] In an embodiment, the quantum communication performance data comprises a quantum bit error rate, and step 103 can comprise the following sub-step:

[0106] Sub-step S31, determining the quantum transmission noise according to the quantum bit error rate and a preset reference bit error rate;

[0107] The quantum bit error rate (QBER, Quantum Bit Error Rate) is a data used to describe the error proportion of quantum bits, and the preset reference bit error rate can be set according to the service needs. After obtaining the required data, the quantum transmission noise can be determined according to the quantum bit error rate and the preset reference bit error rate according to the following formula,

[0108]

[0109] QBER ideal is the reference bit error rate under an ideal channel, represents the quantum transmission noise.

[0110] Sub-step S32, according to the quantum transmission noise, the target projection operator is determined according to the following formula:

[0111]

[0112] wherein, represents the target projection operator, represents the quantum transmission noise, and I represents a 2x2 unit matrix, represents a preset ideal projection operator; the mathematical basis of the formula is a depolarization channel model and a linear superposition principle

[0113] Exemplarily, the input current noise coefficient and the measurement base phase The formula can be expressed as:

[0114]

[0115] After combining the formula, the following formula can be obtained:

[0116] According to this, the projection operator is determined.

[0117] Sub-step S33, in the at least one candidate projection operator, the target candidate projection operator is determined.

[0118] After all the candidate projection operators are determined, the target projection operator can be determined among all the candidate projection operators according to the preset rule.

[0119] Step 104, according to the target projection operator, the target quantum phase state is measured.

[0120] In an embodiment, sub-step S104 can include the following sub-steps:

[0121] Sub-step S41, according to the target projection operator, the probability distribution of at least one measurement result is determined.

[0122] Exemplarily, assuming that Alice sends a phase state and Bob needs to use the target projection operator to measure, the probability distribution of the measurement result is first calculated. Exemplarily, taking the calculation process of the probability distribution of the measurement result as 0 as an example, the specific formula is as follows:

[0123]

[0124] Expanding it,

[0125]

[0126] When there is no noise in the transmission process, that is, Substitute it into the equation, we can get

[0127] At this time, the case of measuring by using the projection operator will degenerate into the ideal projection measurement.

[0128] Substitute it into the equation, we can get Substitute it into the equation, we can get At this time, the measurement result is completely random, and no effective information can be extracted.

[0129] Sub-step S42, generating at least one measurement result conforming to the probability distribution of the at least one measurement result by using a preset numerical generation algorithm.

[0130] After determining the probability distribution of the at least one measurement result, the measurement result can be obtained according to the preset numerical generation algorithm according to the probability distribution, for example, the measurement basis can be [0, 1], in which case, the measurement result is generated according to the probability distribution of 0 and 1. As the probability distribution of the measurement result being 1, according to the two probability distributions and the preset numerical generation algorithm, the measurement result conforming to the preset measurement result generation rule is generated according to the probability distribution of 0 and 1, that is, 0 and 1.

[0131] After determining the target projection operator, Bob can measure the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator.

[0132] In an exemplary embodiment, the target projection operator has been determined according to the above steps, and then the target measurement basis corresponding to the target projection operator is selected to measure the quantum phase state. In quantum communication, the measurement basis is usually an orthogonal basis set. In a two-level system, the measurement basis can be {∣0>, ∣1>} or {∣+, ∣-}. The target quantum phase state is a quantum state sent by Alice, and the phase value θ represents the direction or phase of the quantum state. The measurement operation refers to the projection measurement of the target quantum phase state using the target measurement basis. For example, according to the phase of the target measurement basis, the direction or phase of the measurement device is set. If the measurement basis matches the quantum state θ, the measurement result is valid, and if the measurement basis does not match the quantum state θ, the measurement result is invalid.

[0133] In another exemplary embodiment, the present application also has a corresponding optimization for the basis flow in quantum communication:

[0134] Exemplarily, a one-to-one corresponding mapping relationship can be established between the elements of the discrete phase sheet set and the elements in the preset discrete ID set The specific mapping relationship can be set according to the following formula:​

[0135]

[0136] As That is, the phase sheet Mapping to .

[0137] For the base flow, first Alice sends the ID corresponding to the phase sheet to the classical channel. Through the classical channel, the ID sent by Alice is obtained, and the received ID is compared with the local ID of Bob. If:

[0138] ,

[0139] The corresponding bit is retained for subsequent processing, otherwise the bit is discarded.

[0140] By obtaining quantum communication performance data for reflecting real-time communication performance and an adjustment factor, and determining a target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor, the application can dynamically adjust the preparation method of the quantum state to adapt to the change of channel noise. By determining a target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data and measuring the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator, the application no longer uses a fixed measurement phase state selection strategy, but dynamically generates a target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data and the measurement phase state, so as to obtain the measurement result of the quantum phase state using the target projection operator. By dynamically optimizing the selection of the quantum state service phase and the measurement phase state, the measurement failure probability and the bit error rate are effectively reduced, and the performance of the system is improved.

[0141] In combination with the above introduction of the quantum phase state simulation processing method provided by the application, a service scenario flowchart is exemplarily given to facilitate understanding:

[0142] Referring to Figure 2 , a service scenario flowchart of an embodiment of a quantum phase state simulation processing method provided by the application is shown:

[0143] In this exemplary scenario, the flow is only to aim the view at the generation of the service phase state and the generation of the measurement result. The two dashed lines in the figure represent the service phase state and the measurement result, respectively. The two outputs will be used as service data to participate in the next service flow of the simulated QKD, and details are not described herein;

[0144] The present application can be understood as four layers, first is the input layer, the parameters in the input layer include quantum communication performance data, adjustment factor and preset parameter; wherein, the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor are described in detail above, the preset parameter can be at least one of preset service rule and preset expected key generation rate, preset phase slice number, preset continuous phase angle range, preset reference error rate, preset ideal projection operator, preset numerical generation algorithm, the preset parameter can be adjusted by itself according to the instantaneity requirement of the method; the preset service rule specifies the operation process of the scene, which can include generation rate, measurement result requirement, and specific requirements of calculation steps and determination steps in subsequent process, which will be adjusted according to actual demand, hereinafter, a classical rule is taken as an example, that is, the rule involved in the general process of the present application described above; the input layer will transmit these data to the phase state decision layer according to the rule set by the preset service rule, after experiencing the calculation related to the phase slice, finally, the phase state for service, that is, the quantum phase state generated by simulating the Alice end and the phase state for measurement, that is, the quantum phase state generated by simulating the Bob end, are generated synchronously; the phase state for measurement will be transmitted to the projection operator decision layer, and in the projection operator decision layer, the target projection operator is generated together with the quantum transmission noise calculated by means of the quantum communication performance data, and then the target projection operator will be transmitted to the phase state measurement layer, so as to determine the probability distribution of the measurement result, and generate the corresponding result according to the probability distribution.

[0145] It should be noted that, for the method embodiment, in order to simply describe, all are expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the order of the described actions, because according to the embodiments of the present application, certain steps can be performed in other order or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification all belong to preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily necessary for the embodiments of the present application.

[0146] Referring to Figure 3 , a structural block diagram of an embodiment of a quantum phase state simulation processing device of the present application is shown, which can specifically include the following modules:

[0147] The data acquisition module 201 is used to acquire quantum communication performance data and adjustment factor;

[0148] The phase state determination module 202 is used to determine the target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor; the phase state represents a specific angle for preparing a quantum state;

[0149] The projection symbol determination module 203 is used to determine the target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data;

[0150] The quantum state measurement module 204 is configured to measure the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator.

[0151] In an embodiment, the quantum communication performance data comprises a key generation rate, and the phase state determination module comprises:

[0152] The phase slice determination sub-module is configured to determine at least one phase slice according to the key generation rate and an adjustment factor, wherein the phase slice represents a specific angle range.

[0153] The target phase slice determination sub-module is configured to determine a target phase slice according to the at least one phase slice.

[0154] The quantum phase state determination sub-module is configured to determine a target quantum phase state according to the target phase slice.

[0155] In an embodiment, the phase slice determination sub-module comprises:

[0156] The phase slice number determination unit is configured to determine a number of phase slices required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor.

[0157] The phase slice angle range determination unit is configured to determine at least one phase slice in a preset continuous phase angle range according to the number of phase slices required for preparing the quantum phase state.

[0158] In an embodiment, the phase slice number determination unit comprises:

[0159] The phase slice calculation unit is configured to determine the number of phase slices required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor according to the following formula:

[0160]

[0161]

[0162] wherein M represents the number of phase slices required for preparing the quantum phase state, M(t) represents an intermediate value of determining the number of phase slices required for preparing the quantum phase state, mod 2 represents taking modulo 2, SKR(t) represents the key generation rate at the current time, M target is a preset expected key generation rate, represents an adjustment factor, and SKR(t) is a key generation rate at the current time, M base is a preset phase slice number, and ΔSKR represents a relative gap between the current key generation rate and a preset target key generation rate, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0163] .

[0164] In an embodiment, the quantum communication performance data comprises a quantum error rate, the projection operator determination module comprises:

[0165] a noise determination sub-module configured to determine a quantum transmission noise according to the quantum error rate and a preset reference error rate;

[0166] a projection operator calculation sub-module configured to determine a target projection operator according to the quantum transmission noise and according to the following formula:

[0167]

[0168] wherein, represents the target projection operator, represents the quantum transmission noise, and I represents a 2x2 unit matrix, represents a preset ideal projection operator;

[0169] In an embodiment, the target quantum phase state comprises a measurement phase state and a service phase state, and the quantum phase state determination sub-module comprises:

[0170] a measurement and service phase state determination sub-module configured to determine the measurement phase state and the service phase state according to the target phase sheet;

[0171] In an embodiment, the target projection operator determination module comprises:

[0172] a result distribution determination unit configured to determine a probability distribution of at least one measurement result according to the target projection operator;

[0173] a measurement result determination unit configured to generate at least one measurement result conforming to the probability distribution of the at least one measurement result by using a preset numerical value generation algorithm.

[0174] By obtaining quantum communication performance data for reflecting real-time communication performance and an adjustment factor, and determining a target quantum phase state according to the quantum communication performance data and the adjustment factor, the present application can dynamically adjust the preparation method of the quantum state to adapt to changes in channel noise. By determining a target projection operator according to the quantum communication performance data and measuring the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator, the present application no longer uses a fixed measurement phase state selection strategy, but dynamically generates a target projection operator according to quantum communication performance data and a measurement phase state, so as to obtain a measurement result of the quantum phase state by using the target projection operator. By dynamically optimizing the selection of the service phase state and the measurement phase state of the quantum state, the measurement failure probability and the error rate are effectively reduced, and the performance of the system is improved.

[0175] For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts refer to the part of the method embodiment.

[0176] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the computer program is executed by the processor to realize each process of the method embodiment of the quantum phase state simulation processing method and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, no further description is given here.

[0177] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize each process of the method embodiment of the quantum phase state simulation processing method and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, no further description is given here.

[0178] Each embodiment in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.

[0179] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the embodiment of the present application can be provided as a method, device or computer program product. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can be in the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application can be in the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.

[0180] The embodiments of the present application are described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams according to the method, terminal device (system) and computer program product of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, and the combination of the flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device produce a device for realizing the functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 The device for realizing the functions specified in one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 The device for realizing the functions specified in one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks

[0181] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer- readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the flow Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks or steps.

[0182] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the flow Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one or more blocks or steps.

[0183] While preferred embodiments of the application have been described, those skilled in the art will recognize that additional modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the application. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the scope of the application.

[0184] Finally, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity, combination, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another, and do not imply singular or plural. Moreover, the terms "include", "have", or any other variant thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusions, such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a set of elements not expressly listed are not excluded from the scope of the process, method, article, or apparatus. Further, the term "comprises" or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional elements or steps. Furthermore, the words "a" or "an" shall not be construed as meaning "one and only one". To the contrary, the phrase "one or more" is understood to mean "one, two, three, four, or more". It is further to be understood that the use of "or" can be the inclusive, as well as the exclusive or, unless explicitly indicated to the contrary.

[0185] The above provides a quantum phase state simulation processing method, device, equipment and medium, and the principle and implementation manner of the present application are described by using specific examples. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. For those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manner and application range can be changed. The above description of the present application should not be understood as a limitation.

Claims

1. A quantum phase state simulation processing method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining quantum communication performance data and adjustment factors; the quantum communication performance data includes a key generation rate and a quantum bit error rate; Determining a target quantum phase state based on the key generation rate and the adjustment factor; the phase state represents a specific angle for preparing a quantum state; determining a target projection operator according to the quantum bit error rate; measuring the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator; Determining the target quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor includes: determining at least one phase plate according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor; the phase plate represents a specific angle range; determining a target phase plate according to the at least one phase plate; determining a target quantum phase state according to the target phase plate; Determining a target projection operator according to the quantum bit error rate includes: Determining quantum transmission noise based on the quantum bit error rate and a preset reference bit error rate; According to the quantum transmission noise, the target projection operator is determined according to the following formula: in, represents the target projection operator, represents quantum transmission noise, I represents the 2×2 identity matrix, Represents the preset ideal projection operator.

2. A quantum phase state simulation processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of at least one phase plate according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor includes: determining the number of phase plates required to prepare the quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor; According to the number of phase plates required for preparing the quantum phase state, at least one phase plate is determined in a preset continuous phase angle range.

3. The quantum phase state simulation processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining the number of phase plates required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor includes: determining the number of phase plates required for preparing the quantum phase state according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor according to the following formula: Wherein, M represents the number of phase plates required for preparing the quantum phase state, M(t) represents the intermediate value of the number of phase plates required for preparing the quantum phase state, mod2 represents the modulus of 2, SKR target is the preset expected key generation rate, represents the adjustment factor, SKR(t) is the key generation rate at the current moment, and M base is the preset number of phase slices, and ΔSKR represents the relative gap between the current key generation rate and the preset target key generation rate. The specific calculation formula is as follows: 。 4. The quantum phase state simulation processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target quantum phase state includes a measurement phase state and a business phase state. Determining the target quantum phase state based on the target phase plate includes determining the measurement phase state and the business phase state based on the target phase plate.

5. The quantum phase state simulation processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Measuring the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator includes: determining a probability distribution of at least one measurement result based on the target projection operator; At least one measurement result that conforms to the probability distribution of the at least one measurement result is generated by a preset numerical value generation algorithm.

6. A quantum phase state simulation processing device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A data acquisition module is used to obtain quantum communication performance data and adjustment factors; the quantum communication performance data includes key generation rate and quantum bit error rate; a phase state determination module, configured to determine a target quantum phase state based on the key generation rate and the adjustment factor; the phase state represents a specific angle for preparing a quantum state; The phase state determination module includes: A phase plate determination submodule, configured to determine at least one phase plate according to the key generation rate and the adjustment factor; the phase plate represents a specific angle range; a target phase plate determining submodule, configured to determine a target phase plate according to the at least one phase plate; The quantum phase state determination submodule is used to determine the target quantum phase state according to the target phase plate. A projection operator determination module, configured to determine a target projection operator according to the quantum bit error rate; The projection symbol determination module includes: a noise determination submodule, configured to determine quantum transmission noise based on the quantum bit error rate and a preset reference bit error rate; A projection operator calculation submodule is used to determine a target projection operator according to the quantum transmission noise according to the following formula; in, represents the target projection operator, represents quantum transmission noise, I represents the 2×2 identity matrix, represents the preset ideal projection operator; A quantum state measurement module is used to measure the target quantum phase state according to the target projection operator.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of a quantum phase state simulation processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a quantum phase state simulation processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

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