Artificial feed for coleus salicina as well as preparation method and application of artificial feed for coleus salicina

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial feed for Aleurotropis poplar as well as a preparation method and application of the artificial feed, and relates to the technical field of feeds for Aleurotropis poplar. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of beer yeast powder, 5-10 parts of a sweetening agent, 5-15 parts of poplar leaf powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of vitamins, 0.2-0.6 part of an edible preservative, 8-15 parts of agar and 200-500 parts of water. Compared with natural feed and artificial feed, the preparation method and application of the artificial feed have the advantages that the preparation and use of the artificial feed are more intensive, and large-scale and standardized artificial feeding of the coleus salicina can be realized, so that the feeding efficiency is improved, and the feeding cost is reduced; meanwhile, the artificial feed is fixed in component and controllable in feeding condition, a standardized coleus wilsoniana insect source which is neater in growth and development and consistent in physiological status can be obtained, and scientific research and natural enemy production are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of willow tortoise feed technology, and more particularly to an artificial feed for willow tortoise, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The willow tortoise, a species of insect in the family Tortoiseidae, lays its larvae (eggs) on willow leaves, which curl and then feed on them. The larvae develop into silkworm-like bodies, and the adults emerge from their pupae as butterflies. They are extremely harmful to willow leaves. They have a wide diet and cause significant damage, primarily feeding on broadleaf trees like poplars and willows, causing losses to forest production.

[0003] Insect rearing is of great significance for conducting research on pest control, insect physiology, and ecology. Artificial diets for different insect species vary greatly, and some even have a high degree of specificity. Currently, experimental materials for domestic research on the willow moth are all collected and captured in the wild. This is affected by developmental cycles, hosts, and environmental conditions, and the number of samples cannot be guaranteed. Furthermore, research on insect development and behavior not only places high demands on the rearing environment, but also relies heavily on feed. In-depth research into the biological characteristics and ecological habits of the willow moth and the development of artificial breeding techniques for its natural enemies using the moth as a host are of great significance.

[0004] Because poplar and willow leaves are only fresh and edible during certain seasons, obtaining fresh leaves during the non-growing season is difficult, limiting year-round pest research. Furthermore, the inability to perform rigorous sterilization procedures can easily lead to pathogen contamination, making it difficult to obtain standardized populations of Populus and Willow Toads. Furthermore, natural feeds are inefficient and costly to produce. There is an urgent need to develop artificial feeds for Populus and Willow Toads to effectively avoid these systemic issues and ensure uniform development and physiological consistency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, and to provide an artificial feed for the willow moth and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An artificial feed for the willow moth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0008] 15-25 parts of soybean flour, 8-12 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5-10 parts of sweetener, 5-15 parts of poplar leaf powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of vitamins, 0.2-0.6 parts of edible preservatives, 8-15 parts of agar, and 200-500 parts of water.

[0009] Preferably, it is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

[0010] 10-20 parts of soybean flour, 8-10 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8-10 parts of sweetener, 5-15 parts of poplar leaf powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of vitamins, 0.2-0.6 parts of edible preservatives, 9-12 parts of agar, and 300-400 parts of water.

[0011] Preferably, the sweetener is sucrose, the edible preservative consists of 0.1-0.3 parts of sorbic acid and 0.1-0.3 parts of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, and the vitamin is vitamin C.

[0012] A method for preparing artificial feed for the willow moth comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1: Add water to a water bath, add agar to the water, and heat while stirring until boiling to fully dissolve the agar to obtain an agar aqueous solution;

[0014] S2: Freshly picked poplar leaves were vacuum dried at 80°C and then crushed, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain poplar leaf powder;

[0015] S3: Pour soybean powder, brewer's yeast powder, sweetener, vitamins, and edible preservatives into a mixer and mix thoroughly to obtain dry feed powder;

[0016] S4: Mix the poplar leaf powder with the dry feed powder, add the agar aqueous solution cooled to 70-80°C after mixing, stir thoroughly and pour into a container to cool and solidify, and store in a refrigerator to obtain the finished feed.

[0017] The invention discloses an application of an artificial feed for the willow moth, which uses the artificial feed for the willow moth.

[0018] Compared with the method of raising the willow moth with natural feed poplar leaves, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. Compared with natural feed, the preparation and use of artificial feed is more intensive, which can realize large-scale and standardized artificial breeding of willow moth, thereby improving breeding efficiency and reducing breeding costs; at the same time, the composition of artificial feed is fixed and the breeding conditions are controllable, which can obtain standardized willow moth insect sources with more uniform growth and development and consistent physiological state, which is convenient for scientific research and natural enemy production.

[0020] 2. Artificial feed can be prepared and supplied throughout the year, breaking away from the limitations of natural feed on plant growing seasons, ensuring the continuity of research and production, and providing a reliable host source for the large-scale breeding of parasitic natural enemies that use it as a host, which is of great significance to the biological control of pests.

[0021] 3. The formula and preparation method provided are simple and easy to use, the breeding process is clear and standardized, and it is highly practical. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The materials and instruments used in the following examples are all commercially available.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] The raw materials for preparing feed are:

[0026] 18 parts of soybean flour, 10 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8 parts of sucrose, 7 parts of poplar leaf powder, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 0.2 parts of sorbic acid, 0.2 parts of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 10 parts of agar, and 400 parts of water.

[0027] A method for preparing artificial feed for the willow moth comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1: Add water to a water bath, add agar to the water, and heat while stirring until boiling to fully dissolve the agar to obtain an agar aqueous solution;

[0029] S2: Freshly picked poplar leaves were vacuum dried at 80°C and then crushed, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain poplar leaf powder;

[0030] S3: Pour soybean powder, brewer's yeast powder, sweetener, vitamins, and edible preservatives into a mixer and mix thoroughly to obtain dry feed powder;

[0031] S4: Mix the poplar leaf powder with the dry feed powder, add the agar aqueous solution cooled to 70-80°C after mixing, stir thoroughly and pour into a container to cool and solidify, and store in a refrigerator to obtain the finished feed.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] The raw materials for preparing feed are:

[0034] 15 parts of soybean flour, 8 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 10 parts of sucrose, 15 parts of poplar leaf powder, 1 part of vitamin C, 0.15 parts of sorbic acid, 0.2 parts of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 9 parts of agar, and 400 parts of water.

[0035] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the ratio of feed raw materials is adjusted, and the preparation method remains the same as that of Example 1.

[0036] Example 3:

[0037] The raw materials for preparing feed are:

[0038] 10 parts of soybean flour, 10 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8 parts of sucrose, 10 parts of poplar leaf powder, 1 part of vitamin C, 0.2 parts of sorbic acid, 0.1 parts of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 9 parts of agar, and 300 parts of water.

[0039] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the ratio of feed raw materials is adjusted, and the preparation method remains the same as that of Example 1.

[0040] The above embodiments 1, 2, and 3 all adopt the following feeding steps, which are:

[0041] Step 1: Place the pupae or adults that are about to emerge in an egg-laying cage at a male-female ratio of 1:1-1.5. Place toilet paper and cotton balls containing 10% honey water in the egg-laying cage.

[0042] Step 2: Check the egg-laying cage every day, collect the toilet paper with egg masses in time, and transfer the egg masses to insect culture dishes (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height), placing one egg mass per dish;

[0043] Step 3: When the eggs are hatched, 10 artificial feed blocks cut into 1.5 cm pieces are placed in the dish and covered with a lid. The artificial feed blocks are the artificial feed for the willow moth;

[0044] Step 4: Replace the artificial feed with fresh one every 5 days, clean the breeding environment, and record the growth of the larvae;

[0045] Step 5: When the larvae develop to the mature stage, they will stop feeding and look for a suitable place to pupate. Move the mature larvae into a pupation box (20×15×10cm) and place some soft materials, such as toilet paper, for the larvae to pupate in. Maintain the temperature in the pupation box at 27°C, relative humidity of 70%, and darkness. Check the condition of the pupae regularly and remove dead or moldy pupae promptly.

[0046] Step 6: When the pupae's surface turns black and they are about to emerge, transfer them to an adult oviposition cage (30 x 30 x 30 cm). Place cotton balls containing 10% honey water in the oviposition cage to provide nutritional support for the adults, and also place toilet paper on which they lay their eggs. Maintain the cage under the appropriate conditions. Collect the eggs on the toilet paper daily, count the number of eggs laid, and replace the toilet paper and cotton balls with honey water.

[0047] The breeding environment in the above steps is: the temperature in the egg-laying cage is maintained at 27°C, the relative humidity is 70%, and the photoperiod is 14L:10D, that is, 14 hours of light and 10 hours of darkness.

[0048] Comparative Example:

[0049] Since there is no report on artificial feed for the willow moth, the present invention uses natural feed poplar leaves to feed the willow moth as a comparative example:

[0050] The difference between the comparative example and Example 1 is that the artificial feed in the above-mentioned feeding steps is replaced with natural feed, and the other steps remain the same as in Example 1.

[0051] The following is a comparison of various aspects between Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and the comparative example. The comparison results are shown in the table below:

[0052]

[0053] As can be seen from the above table, Example 1 has the best larval pupation rate, which can reach 71.5%. At the same time, the weight of male and female pupae is heavier than that of Examples 2, 3 and the comparative example. Since the comparative example uses natural poplar leaves, the natural feed poplar leaves contain a large number of microorganisms and bacteria, which will still affect the larvae even after cleaning and disinfection. At the same time, the nutrients in natural poplar leaves are single and cannot effectively provide sufficient nutrition for the larval form of the willow moth, thereby affecting the weight of the pupae.

[0054] Heavier pupae indicate that the willow tortoise is more inclined to consume the feed formula of Example 1. A feed with good palatability can encourage the tortoise to eat more, leading to weight gain. Furthermore, the feed provides sufficient nutrients and other trace elements to meet the insect's growth needs and promote weight gain. These factors are beneficial to the healthy growth of the insect, thereby maintaining the consistency of the adult insect.

[0055] In summary, the use of the artificial feed for the willow moth of the present application can improve feeding efficiency and reduce feeding costs, and increase the weight of the pupae. At the same time, it can obtain standardized willow moth insect sources with more uniform growth and development and consistent physiological state, which is convenient for scientific research and natural enemy production.

Claims

1. An artificial feed for the willow moth, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-25 parts of soybean flour, 8-12 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 5-10 parts of sweetener, 5-15 parts of poplar leaf powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of vitamins, 0.2-0.6 parts of edible preservatives, 8-15 parts of agar, and 200-500 parts of water.

2. The artificial feed for the willow tortoise according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-20 parts of soybean flour, 8-10 parts of brewer's yeast powder, 8-10 parts of sweetener, 5-15 parts of poplar leaf powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of vitamins, 0.2-0.6 parts of edible preservatives, 9-12 parts of agar, and 300-400 parts of water.

3. The artificial feed for the willow tortoise according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sweetener is sucrose, the edible preservative consists of 0.1-0.3 parts of sorbic acid and 0.1-0.3 parts of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, and the vitamin is vitamin C.

4. A method for preparing an artificial feed for the willow tortoise, using the artificial feed for the willow tortoise according to claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Add water to a water bath, add agar to the water, and heat while stirring until boiling to fully dissolve the agar to obtain an agar aqueous solution; S2: freshly picked poplar leaves were vacuum dried at 80°C and then crushed, and then passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain poplar leaf powder; S3: Pour soybean powder, brewer's yeast powder, sweetener, vitamins, and edible preservatives into a mixer and mix thoroughly to obtain dry feed powder; S4: Mix the poplar leaf powder with the dry feed powder, add the agar aqueous solution cooled to 70-80°C after mixing, stir thoroughly and pour into a container to cool and solidify, and store in a refrigerator to obtain the finished feed.

5. An application of artificial feed for willow moth, characterized in that: Use the artificial feed of the willow tortoise moth according to claim 1.

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