Efficient treatment method and system for traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece wastewater

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient treatment method and system for traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece wastewater, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment.The efficient treatment method for the traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece wastewater comprises the steps of (1) pretreatment, (2) coagulating sedimentation, (3) pre-acidification, (4) UASB anaerobic reaction, (5) SBR aerobic treatment, (6) catalytic ozonation, (7) deep filtration and disinfection, (8) sludge treatment and (9) intelligent control. The traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece wastewater treatment system comprises a pretreatment module, a physicochemical treatment module, a biological treatment module, a sludge treatment module and an intelligent control module. Through integration of physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies, organic matters, suspended matters and chromaticity in wastewater are effectively removed, and the overall treatment efficiency and the system stability are improved; the sludge and the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues are mixed to prepare biomass fuel, waste recycling is achieved, meanwhile, biogas is recycled for power generation, energy consumption is reduced, and a'treatment-energy-resource 'closed loop is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a high-efficiency treatment method and system for wastewater produced from Chinese herbal medicines. Background Art

[0002] Chinese herbal medicine slices are prepared according to TCM theory and methods, ready for direct use in TCM clinical practice. This concept demonstrates that there's no absolute distinction between Chinese herbal medicines and herbal slices. These include slices of some processed herbs from their origin, slices of whole herbs, and slices that have been cut and processed. The first two categories should be considered Chinese herbal medicines for management purposes, but they are considered slices when formulating and preparing them according to TCM theory.

[0003] Wastewater generated during the production of Chinese herbal medicine slices is characterized by high concentrations of organic matter, high chroma, and difficulty in degradation. Traditional treatment processes (such as single biological or physicochemical methods) have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Technical limitations: Conventional coagulation and sedimentation have low efficiency in removing complex organic matter; biological treatment is easily inhibited by toxic substances and is difficult to achieve simultaneous decolorization;

[0005] 2. High energy consumption: Fixed parameter operation leads to energy waste, such as excessive ozone addition or insufficient aeration;

[0006] 3. Secondary pollution: Sludge disposal costs are high, and traditional landfill or incineration creates an environmental burden;

[0007] 4. Insufficient intelligence: Lack of dynamic control capabilities, making it difficult to cope with water quality fluctuations.

[0008] To this end, a high-efficiency treatment method and system for Chinese medicine decoction wastewater is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to solve the problems raised in the background technology and provides a method and system for efficiently treating wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices.

[0010] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0011] An efficient method for treating wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) Pretreatment: After the wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices is screened to remove large particles of impurities, it enters the regulating tank for homogenization and equalization, and then acid / alkali is added to adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5;

[0013] (2) Coagulation and sedimentation: Add a composite coagulant and flocculant to the wastewater to form alum flowers and precipitate in the inclined plate sedimentation tank to remove suspended solids and part of the COD. The composite coagulant is PAC and FeCl3 with a molar ratio of 1:0.5-1:1, and the flocculant is PAM with a concentration of 0.1-0.3 wt%;

[0014] (3) Pre-acidification: The precipitated water enters the pre-acidification tank, where the macromolecular organic matter is decomposed into small molecules by anaerobic bacteria. The pH is controlled at 6.0-6.8. The tank is filled with 30-40% biological carrier filler and inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge.

[0015] (4) UASB anaerobic reaction: The pre-acidified liquid enters the UASB reaction tower, and the temperature inside the tower is maintained at 35±2℃ by steam heating. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 8-12 hours. After desulfurization, the biogas is powered by a micro gas generator;

[0016] (5) SBR aerobic treatment: UASB effluent enters the SBR tank, where simultaneous nitrification and denitrification are achieved through periodic aeration and anoxic stirring. The aeration-anoxic cycle is 4-6 hours, and the sludge concentration MLSS is 4-6 g / L. During the periodic aeration stage, DO ≥ 2 mg / L, and during the anoxic stirring stage, DO ≤ 0.5 mg / L.

[0017] (6) Ozone catalytic oxidation: The SBR effluent enters the ozone oxidation tank, and the ozone dosage is 150-200 mg / m 3 h, the cell is equipped with a titanium-based catalyst coating of TiO2 doped with nano-Fe3O4, and the reaction time is 30-45 minutes;

[0018] (7) Deep filtration and disinfection: The ozone effluent passes through the activated carbon adsorption column and the multi-media filter in sequence, and is finally disinfected with chlorine dioxide to meet the discharge standards;

[0019] (8) Sludge treatment: The sludge generated by each unit enters the concentration tank, and the filtrate is returned to the regulating tank after plate and frame filtration. The mud cake is mixed with traditional Chinese medicine waste residue in a mass ratio of 1:2 to produce biomass fuel;

[0020] (9) Intelligent control: The pH, dissolved oxygen and ozone dosage are controlled in real time through the online monitoring system, and the aeration cycle is dynamically adjusted using the fuzzy PID algorithm. When the COD in the SBR tank increases instantaneously, the aeration cycle is automatically extended by 10%-15%.

[0021] In the above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, the dosage of the composite coagulant in step (2) is 0.5-1.5% of the wastewater mass, and the molar ratio of PAC to FeCl3 is preferably 1:0.8.

[0022] The above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, wherein the ozone dosage in step (6) is dynamically adjusted according to the chromaticity of the influent, and is increased to 250 mg / m when the chromaticity is greater than 500 times. 3 ·h.

[0023] In the above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, the UASB reaction tower in step (4) is equipped with a three-phase separator, and the biogas energy self-sufficiency rate is ≥30%.

[0024] In the above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, the activated carbon adsorption column in step (7) adopts a series-parallel switchable mode and switches to series operation when the influent COD is greater than 2000 mg / L.

[0025] In the above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, the fuzzy PID algorithm in step (9) adjusts the aeration frequency according to the real-time COD load, thereby reducing energy consumption by more than 12%.

[0026] The above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater of Chinese herbal medicine slices, wherein the biological carrier filler in step (3) is a polyurethane porous material with a specific surface area of ​​≥500m 2 / m 3 .

[0027] In the above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, the calorific value of the biomass fuel in step (8) is ≥3000kcal / kg, and the combustion ash is used to prepare building material aggregates.

[0028] The above-mentioned efficient treatment method for wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, wherein the titanium-based catalyst in step (6) is prepared by a sol-gel method, the Fe3O4 doping amount is 5-10wt%, and the particle size is 20-50nm.

[0029] The present invention also provides a Chinese herbal medicine wastewater treatment system for implementing the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine wastewater efficient treatment method, comprising the following modules connected in sequence:

[0030] Pretreatment module: including a grid, a regulating tank and a pH regulating unit, used to perform step (1);

[0031] Physicochemical treatment module: including coagulation sedimentation tank, pre-acidification tank and ozone oxidation tower, including:

[0032] The coagulation sedimentation tank is configured to add a composite coagulant and a flocculant;

[0033] The pre-acidification tank is filled with polyurethane porous biological carrier filler;

[0034] The inner wall of the ozone oxidation tower is coated with a TiO2-Fe3O4 composite catalyst and is equipped with a dynamic ozone dosing unit;

[0035] Biological treatment module: including UASB reaction tower, SBR tank and MBR membrane assembly, including:

[0036] The UASB reaction tower is connected to a three-phase separator and a micro gas generator;

[0037] The SBR tank is equipped with a fuzzy PID controller and a dynamic aeration adjustment unit;

[0038] Deep treatment module: Contains series-parallel switchable activated carbon adsorption columns, multi-media filters and chlorine dioxide disinfection units. The activated carbon adsorption columns and MBR membrane components are switched between series and parallel via intelligent valves.

[0039] Sludge treatment module: including a thickening tank, a plate and frame filter press and the biomass fuel mixing device;

[0040] Intelligent control module: contains online sensors, fuzzy PID controller and dynamic aeration adjustment unit, monitors the pH, dissolved oxygen and COD parameters in real time through online sensors, and executes intelligent control logic;

[0041] The switching mode of the MBR membrane assembly and the activated carbon adsorption column is triggered by the influent COD concentration. When COD>2000mg / L, it switches to series operation.

[0042] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater provided by the present invention effectively removes organic matter, suspended matter and chroma in the wastewater through the integration of physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies, thereby improving the overall treatment efficiency and system stability; sludge is mixed with Chinese herbal medicine waste residue to prepare biomass fuel, realizing the resource utilization of waste, while biogas recovery and power generation reduce energy consumption, forming a "treatment-energy-resource" closed loop; based on the fuzzy PID algorithm and dynamic ozone addition equation, parameters such as aeration cycle and ozone dosage are optimized in real time to adapt to water quality fluctuations and reduce operating costs; new materials such as highly active titanium-based catalysts and high specific surface area biological fillers are used to enhance the decomposition ability of difficult-to-degrade organic matter and improve the treatment depth.

[0044] 2. The TCM decoction slice wastewater treatment system provided by the present invention integrates pretreatment, physical and chemical, biological, deep treatment and intelligent control units through modular system design. Through the coordinated operation and dynamic regulation of each module, the whole process of wastewater treatment is made efficient, intelligent and resourceful. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 A flow chart of an efficient method for treating wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A graph showing changes in suspended matter and COD removal efficiency over time in the coagulation and sedimentation stage of the efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A graph showing the relationship between organic matter removal rate and HRT in the UASB anaerobic reaction stage of the efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 A graph showing the relationship between ozone dosage and influent chromaticity for the efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 A graph showing the relationship between the activated carbon adsorption column treatment effect and the influent COD of the efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0051] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0052] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate an orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate a connection relationship between components, such term should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components or an interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances.

[0054] Example

[0055] It is worth mentioning that Figure 1 This is the flow chart of the method, showing the efficient treatment steps of Chinese herbal medicine wastewater; Figure 2 The graph of the removal efficiency of suspended solids and COD during the coagulation and sedimentation stage changes with time shows how the removal efficiency of suspended solids and part of COD gradually increases with time until it reaches a stable state as the coagulation and sedimentation process proceeds. Figure 3 The graph shows the relationship between organic matter removal rate and HRT in the UASB anaerobic reaction stage, which shows how the degradation efficiency of organic matter gradually increases with the increase of hydraulic retention time (HRT) in the UASB reactor. Figure 4 The relationship curve between ozone dosage and influent chromaticity shows how ozone dosage is dynamically adjusted according to influent chromaticity. In particular, when the chromaticity exceeds 500 times, the ozone dosage will be increased to 250mg / m 3 ·h; Figure 5 The graph is a relationship between the treatment effect of the activated carbon adsorption column and the COD of the influent, showing the treatment effect of the activated carbon adsorption column at different influent COD concentrations. In particular, when the influent COD exceeds 2000 mg / L, the adsorption efficiency is improved by series operation. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0056] (1) Pretreatment: After the wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices is screened to remove large particles of impurities, it enters the regulating tank for homogenization and equalization, and then acid / alkali is added to adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5;

[0057] (2) Coagulation and sedimentation: Add a composite coagulant (PAC to FeCl3 molar ratio of 1:0.5-1:1) and a flocculant (PAM concentration 0.1-0.3 wt%) to the wastewater to form alum flocs and precipitate in the inclined plate sedimentation tank to remove suspended solids and part of the COD;

[0058] (3) Pre-acidification: The precipitated water enters the pre-acidification tank, where the macromolecular organic matter is decomposed into small molecules by anaerobic bacteria. The pH is controlled at 6.0-6.8. The tank is filled with 30-40% biological carrier filler and inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge.

[0059] (4) UASB anaerobic reaction: The pre-acidified liquid enters the UASB reaction tower, and the temperature inside the tower is maintained at 35±2℃ by steam heating. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 8-12 hours. After desulfurization, the biogas is powered by a micro gas generator;

[0060] (5) SBR aerobic treatment: UASB effluent enters the SBR tank and achieves simultaneous nitrification and denitrification through periodic aeration (DO ≥ 2 mg / L) and anoxic stirring (DO ≤ 0.5 mg / L). The aeration-anoxic cycle is 4-6 hours and the sludge concentration (MLSS) is 4-6 g / L.

[0061] (6) Ozone catalytic oxidation: The SBR effluent enters the ozone oxidation tank, and the ozone dosage is 150-200 mg / m 3 h, the cell is provided with a titanium-based catalyst coating (thickness 50-100nm) of TiO2 doped nano-Fe3O4, and the reaction time is 30-45 minutes;

[0062] (7) Deep filtration and disinfection: The ozone effluent passes through an activated carbon adsorption column (columnar carbon and powdered carbon are combined, with an adsorption time of ≥30 minutes) and a multi-media filter, and is finally disinfected with chlorine dioxide before being discharged to meet the standards.

[0063] (8) Sludge treatment: The sludge generated by each unit enters the concentration tank, and the filtrate is returned to the regulating tank after plate and frame filtration. The mud cake is mixed with traditional Chinese medicine waste residue in a mass ratio of 1:2 to produce biomass fuel;

[0064] (9) Intelligent control: The pH, dissolved oxygen and ozone dosage are controlled in real time through the online monitoring system, and the aeration cycle is dynamically adjusted using the fuzzy PID algorithm. When the COD in the SBR tank increases instantaneously, the aeration cycle is automatically extended by 10%-15%.

[0065] By adopting the above technical solution, the overall method realizes the synergistic removal of organic matter, color and suspended solids in traditional Chinese medicine wastewater through the efficient integration of physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies, improves the systematicness and stability of the treatment process, and promotes the resource utilization of sludge and energy recovery.

[0066] Wherein, the dosage of the composite coagulant in step (2) is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the wastewater, and the molar ratio of PAC to FeCl3 is preferably 1:0.8.

[0067] By adopting the above technical solution and optimizing the ratio and dosage of the composite coagulant, the coagulation and sedimentation effect can be enhanced, the removal efficiency of suspended solids and COD can be improved, thereby reducing the consumption of reagents and operating costs.

[0068] The ozone dosage in step (6) is dynamically adjusted according to the chromaticity of the influent water, and is increased to 250 mg / m when the chromaticity is greater than 500 times. 3 h, the ozone dosage is calculated by the dynamic equation:

[0069]

[0070] in:

[0071] O: Ozone dosage (mg / m 3 h), the control range is 150-250mg / m 3 h, dynamically adjusted according to water quality;

[0072] C: Influent chromaticity (times), real-time monitoring value, and when C>500 times, k=1.2 is forced to be set;

[0073] R COD : SBR effluent residual COD (mg / L). The higher the residual COD, the more ozone needs to be added to degrade the difficult-to-decompose organic matter. Balancing efficiency and cost;

[0074] A(t): The activity coefficient of titanium-based catalyst, which decays with the running time, A(t) = A0·e -0.001t , the decay rate constant (0.001) is determined by accelerated aging experiments, A0 = 1.0, t is the number of operating days;

[0075] k: proportionality constant, reflecting the sensitivity of water quality fluctuations, taken as 0.8-1.2 (calibrated by pilot experiments, taken as 1.0 when COD fluctuations are ±20%);

[0076] The equation dynamically adjusts the ozone dosage based on chromaticity, COD residual and catalyst activity, and the reaction time is synchronously adjusted to T=25+0.1O (minutes), where T is the reaction time (minutes), which is dynamically adjusted to ensure sufficient degradation of high-concentration pollutants.

[0077] By adopting the above technical solution, the chromaticity, COD residual and catalyst activity parameters are coupled through dynamic equations to accurately control the ozone dosage, avoid excessive or insufficient ozone, improve the removal efficiency of difficult-to-degrade organic matter, and extend the service life of the catalyst.

[0078] Examples, such as:

[0079] 1. Input parameters: Real-time monitoring of chromaticity C = 600 times, SBR effluent residual CODR COD =80 mg / L, catalyst operation t=30 days; proportional constant k=1.2 (because C>500C>500 times, k=1.2 is forced to be set);

[0080] 2. Calculation steps:

[0081] Catalyst activity coefficient:

[0082] A(t)=1.0·e -0.001×30 ≈0.97

[0083] Ozone dosage:

[0084]

[0085] Reaction time adjustment:

[0086] T = 25 + 0.1 × 220 = 47 minutes

[0087] Therefore, the equation dynamically adjusts the ozone dosage according to the chromaticity, COD residual and catalyst activity, and the reaction time is simultaneously adjusted to 47 minutes.

[0088] Wherein, the UASB reaction tower in step (4) is equipped with a three-phase separator, and the biogas energy self-sufficiency rate is ≥30%.

[0089] By adopting the above technical solution and combining the three-phase separator with biogas power generation technology, the biogas recovery efficiency can be improved, the internal energy self-sufficiency of the system can be achieved, the dependence on external energy can be reduced, and the process sustainability can be enhanced.

[0090] The activated carbon adsorption column in step (7) adopts a series-parallel switchable mode, and switches to series operation when the influent COD is greater than 2000 mg / L.

[0091] By adopting the above technical solution and the series-parallel switchable design of the activated carbon adsorption column, it can flexibly adapt to different water quality loads, optimize the adsorption efficiency and operating energy consumption, and enhance the system's impact resistance.

[0092] The fuzzy PID algorithm in step (9) adjusts the aeration frequency according to the real-time COD load, reducing energy consumption by more than 12%.

[0093] By adopting the above technical solution and dynamically controlling the aeration cycle through the fuzzy PID algorithm, it is possible to achieve a precise match between the aeration volume and the pollutant load, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving the efficiency of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.

[0094] The biological carrier filler in step (3) is a polyurethane porous material with a specific surface area of ​​≥500m 2 / m 3 .

[0095] The above technical solution promotes the attachment and metabolic activity of anaerobic bacteria through high specific surface area biological carrier fillers, which can accelerate the decomposition of large molecular organic matter and thus improve the treatment efficiency of the pre-acidification stage.

[0096] Wherein, the calorific value of the biomass fuel in step (8) is ≥3000 kcal / kg, and the combustion ash is used to prepare building material aggregate.

[0097] By adopting the above technical solution, biomass fuel is prepared by mixing sludge and waste residue, which can realize the resource utilization of waste, reduce the pressure of solid waste disposal, and further reduce the environmental burden by recycling ash.

[0098] Wherein, the titanium-based catalyst in step (6) is prepared by a sol-gel method, the Fe3O4 doping amount is 5-10wt%, and the particle size is 20-50nm.

[0099] By adopting the above technical solution, the titanium-based catalyst prepared by a specific process can enhance the ozone decomposition activity, increase the yield of hydroxyl radicals, and strengthen the oxidative degradation ability of difficult-to-degrade organic matter.

[0100] This embodiment also provides a Chinese herbal medicine wastewater treatment system for implementing the above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine wastewater efficient treatment method, comprising the following modules connected in sequence:

[0101] Pretreatment module: including a grid, a regulating tank and a pH regulating unit, used to perform step (1);

[0102] Physicochemical treatment module: including coagulation sedimentation tank, pre-acidification tank and ozone oxidation tower, including:

[0103] The coagulation sedimentation tank is configured to add composite coagulant and flocculant;

[0104] The pre-acidification tank is filled with polyurethane porous biological carrier filler;

[0105] The inner wall of the ozone oxidation tower is coated with the TiO2-Fe3O4 composite catalyst of claim 9 and is equipped with a dynamic ozone dosing unit;

[0106] Biological treatment module: including UASB reaction tower, SBR tank and MBR membrane assembly, including:

[0107] The UASB reaction tower is connected to a three-phase separator and a micro gas generator;

[0108] The SBR tank is equipped with a fuzzy PID controller and a dynamic aeration adjustment unit;

[0109] Deep treatment module: Contains series-parallel switchable activated carbon adsorption columns, multi-media filters and chlorine dioxide disinfection units. The activated carbon adsorption columns and MBR membrane components are switched between series and parallel via intelligent valves.

[0110] Sludge treatment module: including thickening tank, plate and frame filter press and biomass fuel mixing device;

[0111] Intelligent control module: Contains online sensors, fuzzy PID controller and dynamic aeration adjustment unit. It monitors pH, dissolved oxygen and COD parameters in real time through online sensors and executes intelligent control logic.

[0112] Among them, the switching mode of the MBR membrane assembly and the activated carbon adsorption column is triggered by the influent COD concentration, and when COD>2000mg / L, it switches to series operation.

[0113] By adopting the above technical solution, pretreatment, physical and chemical, biological, deep treatment and intelligent control units are integrated through modular system design. Through the coordinated operation and dynamic regulation of each module, the efficiency, intelligence and resource utilization of the entire wastewater treatment process can be achieved.

[0114] The working principle of the Chinese medicine decoction piece wastewater treatment system is as follows:

[0115] 1. Modular collaborative process

[0116] The system realizes the efficiency, intelligence and resource utilization of the whole process of wastewater treatment through the coordinated operation of six modules: pretreatment, physicochemical treatment, biological treatment, deep treatment, sludge treatment and intelligent control.

[0117] 2. Working principle of each module

[0118] 2.1 Preprocessing Module

[0119] Function: Preliminary removal of impurities and stabilization of water quality.

[0120] Operation process:

[0121] 1. Grid filtration: remove large particles of impurities (such as drug residues and fibers) in wastewater;

[0122] 2. Homogenization in regulating tank: balance water quality and quantity to avoid impact on subsequent treatment units;

[0123] 3. pH adjustment: Add acid / alkali to adjust the pH of wastewater to 6.5-7.5 to provide a suitable environment for subsequent biological treatment.

[0124] 2.2 Materialization and chemical processing module

[0125] Function: Remove suspended solids and some organic matter through physical and chemical means, and initially degrade macromolecular pollutants.

[0126] Operation process:

[0127] 1. Coagulation and sedimentation:

[0128] Add composite coagulant (PAC:FeCl3=1:0.5-1:1) and flocculant (PAM) to form alum floc precipitation;

[0129] The inclined plate sedimentation tank separates suspended solids and part of COD, reducing the subsequent biological treatment load.

[0130] 2. Pre-acidification:

[0131] The precipitated water enters the pre-acidification tank filled with polyurethane filler, where anaerobic bacteria decompose the macromolecular organic matter into small molecules;

[0132] The pH is controlled at 6.0-6.8 to optimize the metabolic activity of anaerobic bacteria.

[0133] 3. Ozone catalytic oxidation:

[0134] The pre-acidified liquid enters the ozone oxidation tower and ozone (150-250mg / m 3 h) and using TiO2-Fe3O4 catalyst to enhance degradation;

[0135] Dynamic equations are used to regulate ozone dosage and reaction time, enabling targeted removal of refractory organic matter and decolorization.

[0136] 2.3 Biological treatment module

[0137] Function: Deeply degrade organic matter through anaerobic-aerobic biological combination process.

[0138] Operation process:

[0139] 1.UASB anaerobic reaction:

[0140] The pre-acidified liquid is further anaerobically degraded in the UASB reactor, with the temperature maintained at 35±2°C and the hydraulic retention time 8-12 hours;

[0141] The three-phase separator separates biogas, sludge and treatment liquid. The biogas is desulfurized and used to generate electricity, achieving energy self-sufficiency.

[0142] 2.SBR aerobic treatment:

[0143] The UASB effluent enters the SBR tank and is operated alternately with periodic aeration (DO ≥ 2 mg / L) and anoxic stirring (DO ≤ 0.5 mg / L) to achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.

[0144] The fuzzy PID controller dynamically adjusts the aeration cycle to reduce energy consumption and improve denitrification efficiency.

[0145] 3.MBR membrane assembly:

[0146] Membrane bioreactor (MBR) achieves efficient solid-liquid separation, intercepts activated sludge, and improves effluent quality.

[0147] 2.4 Deep Processing Module

[0148] Function: Further purify water quality and ensure that discharge meets standards.

[0149] Operation process:

[0150] 1. Activated carbon adsorption:

[0151] The activated carbon adsorption column switches between series and parallel modes according to the influent COD concentration (operates in series when COD>2000mg / L) to adsorb residual organic matter;

[0152] 2. Multi-media filtration:

[0153] Remove tiny suspended solids through sand filtration, activated carbon filtration, etc.

[0154] 3. Chlorine dioxide disinfection:

[0155] Chlorine dioxide is added to inactivate pathogens and ensure that the effluent meets the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standards for Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Industry".

[0156] 2.5 Sludge treatment module

[0157] Function: Realize sludge reduction and resource utilization.

[0158] Operation process:

[0159] 1. Sludge concentration: The sludge from each treatment unit enters the concentration tank to reduce the moisture content;

[0160] 2. Plate and frame filter press: After filter pressing and dehydration, the filtrate is returned to the regulating tank for circulation treatment;

[0161] 3. Biomass fuel preparation: Mud cake and Chinese medicine waste residue are mixed in a ratio of 1:2 to produce high calorific value (≥3000kcal / kg) fuel, and the ash is used for the production of building material aggregates.

[0162] 2.6 Intelligent Control Module

[0163] Function: Real-time monitoring and dynamic regulation to optimize system operation.

[0164] Operation process:

[0165] 1. Data acquisition: Online sensors monitor pH, COD, color, dissolved oxygen and other parameters in real time;

[0166] 2. Dynamic control:

[0167] The fuzzy PID algorithm adjusts the aeration cycle of the SBR tank to match the pollutant load;

[0168] Dynamic equation to calculate ozone dosage and reaction time;

[0169] The series-parallel switching of the activated carbon adsorption columns is triggered according to the influent COD concentration.

[0170] 3. Abnormal warning: When key parameters (such as COD, color) exceed the standard, control or alarm will be automatically triggered.

[0171] 3. System features and advantages

[0172] Modular design: Each treatment unit operates independently and collaboratively to adapt to water quality fluctuations;

[0173] Energy closed loop: biogas power generation meets part of the system's energy consumption, and sludge fuel production realizes resource recovery;

[0174] Intelligent control: Dynamic equations and fuzzy PID algorithm optimize operating parameters and significantly reduce energy consumption;

[0175] High-efficiency deep treatment: Ozone catalytic oxidation combined with activated carbon adsorption has a high chroma removal rate and a high COD removal rate.

[0176] In addition, this embodiment also provides the following three specific implementation examples:

[0177] Implementation Example 1: High-concentration COD wastewater treatment

[0178] background

[0179] The initial COD concentration of wastewater from a Chinese medicine factory was as high as 8000 mg / L, with a chromaticity of 400 times, and contained a large amount of difficult-to-degrade organic matter (such as flavonoids and polysaccharides).

[0180] Processing steps and parameter adjustment:

[0181] 1. Pretreatment: Adjust pH to 7.0 and strengthen grid filtration to remove fiber impurities.

[0182] 2. Coagulation and sedimentation: Add composite coagulant (PAC:FeCl3=1:0.8), with an addition amount of 1.2%.

[0183] 3. Pre-acidification: Extend the pre-acidification time to 8 hours, control the pH to 6.2, and fill the polyurethane filler at a filling rate of 40%.

[0184] 4.UASB reaction: HRT was extended to 12 hours and the temperature was maintained at 36°C to improve biogas production.

[0185] 5. SBR treatment: The aeration cycle was adjusted to 6 hours and the sludge concentration (MLSS) was increased to 6 g / L.

[0186] 6. Ozone catalytic oxidation: ozone dosage increased to 200mg / m 3 h, reaction time 45 minutes.

[0187] 7. Activated carbon adsorption: series operation mode (influent COD>2000mg / L), adsorption time 45 minutes.

[0188] Experimental data table 1:

[0189] index Water inlet value Water output value Removal rate COD 8000mg / L 65mg / L 99.2％ Chroma 400 times 20 times 95％ Sludge reduction rate —— —— 45％ Energy consumption —— —— 0.9 yuan / ton of water

[0190] Conclusion: For high-concentration wastewater, by extending the reaction time of UASB and SBR and increasing the ozone dosage, the COD removal rate exceeded 99% and the sludge reduction was significant.

[0191] Implementation Example 2: High-color Wastewater Treatment

[0192] background

[0193] The chromaticity of the wastewater from a certain medicinal material factory reached 1200 times (containing a large amount of pigment components) and the COD was 3000 mg / L.

[0194] Processing steps and parameter adjustment

[0195] 1. Ozone catalytic oxidation:

[0196] 1.1 Dynamic equation is forced to set k = 1.2, ozone dosage is 250mg / m 3 ·h;

[0197] 1.2 Catalyst activity compensation (operating days t = 15, A(t) = 0.985);

[0198] 1.3 Reaction time T = 25 + 0.1 × 250 = 50 minutes.

[0199] 2. Activated carbon adsorption: series mode + powdered carbon enhanced adsorption, adsorption time 60 minutes.

[0200] 3. Intelligent control: real-time monitoring of chromaticity, linkage adjustment of ozone dosage and reaction time.

[0201] Experimental data table 2

[0202] index Water inlet value Water output value Removal rate Chroma 1200 times 30 times 97.5％ COD 3000mg / L 50mg / L 98.3％ Ozone dosage —— —— 18% reduction Catalyst life —— —— 30% longer

[0203] Conclusion: For high-color wastewater, the dynamic equation accurately controls the ozone dosage, the color removal rate is >97%, and the catalyst life is significantly extended.

[0204] Implementation Example 3: Low-load Wastewater Treatment

[0205] background

[0206] The wastewater from a small pharmaceutical factory has a COD of 1500 mg / L, a chromaticity of 200 times, and large fluctuations in water volume.

[0207] Processing steps and parameter adjustment

[0208] 1. Coagulation and sedimentation: Reduce the coagulant dosage to 0.8%, PAC:FeCl3=1:0.5.

[0209] 2.SBR treatment: aeration cycle is shortened to 4 hours and MLSS is controlled at 4g / L.

[0210] 3. Activated carbon adsorption: parallel mode operation to reduce pressure loss, adsorption time 30 minutes.

[0211] 4. Intelligent control: Fuzzy PID algorithm dynamically matches low-load aeration requirements.

[0212] Experimental data table 3

[0213]

[0214]

[0215] Conclusion: Under low-load conditions, by optimizing the coagulant dosage and SBR aeration cycle, low-energy consumption and high-efficiency treatment can be achieved, and the system's shock resistance is significantly improved.

[0216] In summary, the efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0217] 1. Efficient collaborative treatment: Through the integration of physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies, organic matter, suspended solids and color in wastewater are effectively removed, improving overall treatment efficiency and system stability.

[0218] 2. Resource recycling: Sludge is mixed with traditional Chinese medicine waste residue to prepare biomass fuel, realizing the resource utilization of waste. At the same time, biogas recovery and power generation reduce energy consumption, forming a "processing-energy-resource" closed loop.

[0219] 3. Intelligent dynamic control: Based on fuzzy PID algorithm and dynamic ozone dosing equation, it optimizes aeration cycle, ozone dosage and other parameters in real time to adapt to water quality fluctuations and reduce operating costs.

[0220] 4. Technological innovation breakthrough: Use new materials such as highly active titanium-based catalysts and high specific surface area biological fillers to enhance the decomposition capacity of difficult-to-degrade organic matter and improve the depth of treatment.

[0221] The workflow of the Chinese herbal medicine wastewater treatment system is as follows:

[0222] 1. Preprocessing stage

[0223] Grid filtration: removes large particles of impurities (such as drug residues and fibers) in wastewater;

[0224] Homogenization in the regulating tank: balance water quality and quantity, add acid / alkali to adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5, and provide stable conditions for subsequent treatment.

[0225] 2. Physical and chemical treatment stage

[0226] Coagulation and sedimentation: Add composite coagulant (PAC / FeCl3) and flocculant (PAM) to form alum flocculants to remove suspended solids and part of COD;

[0227] Pre-acidification: The wastewater enters the pre-acidification tank filled with polyurethane filler, where anaerobic bacteria decompose large molecular organic matter into small molecules, and the pH is controlled at 6.0-6.8.

[0228] 3. Biological treatment stage

[0229] UASB anaerobic reaction: The pre-acidified liquid further degrades organic matter in the UASB reaction tower, and the biogas is used for power generation after desulfurization, achieving energy self-sufficiency;

[0230] SBR aerobic treatment: periodic aeration and anoxic stirring achieve synchronous nitrification and denitrification, and the fuzzy PID algorithm dynamically adjusts the aeration cycle to reduce energy consumption.

[0231] 4. Deep processing stage

[0232] Ozone catalytic oxidation: SBR effluent is decomposed by ozone enhanced by titanium-based catalyst (TiO2-Fe3O4), degrading difficult-to-decompose organic matter and decolorizing;

[0233] Activated carbon adsorption: Series-parallel switchable adsorption columns adjust the operating mode according to the COD load to adsorb residual pollutants;

[0234] Multi-media filtration and disinfection: Sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and chlorine dioxide disinfection are used to ensure that the effluent meets the standards.

[0235] 5. Sludge treatment and resource utilization

[0236] Sludge concentration and filtration: After the sludge from each unit is concentrated, it is filtered and dehydrated, and the filtrate is returned to the regulating tank;

[0237] Biomass fuel preparation: Mud cake and traditional Chinese medicine waste residue are mixed in a ratio of 1:2 to produce high calorific value fuel, and the ash is used for building materials production.

[0238] 6. Intelligent control module

[0239] Online monitoring: real-time detection of pH, COD, color and other parameters;

[0240] Dynamic control: Optimize aeration volume through fuzzy PID algorithm, adjust ozone dosage through dynamic equation, and realize intelligent operation of the whole process.

[0241] System Advantages

[0242] Modular design: Each treatment unit operates independently and collaboratively to adapt to different water quality conditions;

[0243] Energy and resource closed loop: technologies such as biogas power generation and sludge fuelization reduce external dependence;

[0244] Adaptive capability: Designs such as series-parallel switching and dynamic equation control improve the system's impact resistance and stability.

[0245] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the implementation mode and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient method for treating wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Pretreatment: After the wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices is screened to remove large particles of impurities, it enters the regulating tank for homogenization and equalization, and then acid / alkali is added to adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5; (2) Coagulation and sedimentation: Add a composite coagulant and flocculant to the wastewater to form alum flowers and precipitate in the inclined plate sedimentation tank to remove suspended solids and part of the COD. The composite coagulant is PAC and FeCl3 with a molar ratio of 1:0.5-1:1, and the flocculant is PAM with a concentration of 0.1-0.3 wt%; (3) Pre-acidification: The precipitated water enters the pre-acidification tank, where the macromolecular organic matter is decomposed into small molecules by anaerobic bacteria. The pH is controlled at 6.0-6.

8. The tank is filled with 30-40% biological carrier filler and inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge. (4) UASB anaerobic reaction: The pre-acidified liquid enters the UASB reaction tower, and the temperature inside the tower is maintained at 35±2℃ by steam heating. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 8-12 hours. After desulfurization, the biogas is powered by a micro gas generator; (5) SBR aerobic treatment: UASB effluent enters the SBR tank, where simultaneous nitrification and denitrification are achieved through periodic aeration and anoxic stirring. The aeration-anoxic cycle is 4-6 hours, and the sludge concentration MLSS is 4-6 g / L. During the periodic aeration stage, DO ≥ 2 mg / L, and during the anoxic stirring stage, DO ≤ 0.5 mg / L. (6) Ozone catalytic oxidation: The SBR effluent enters the ozone oxidation tank, and the ozone dosage is 150-200 mg / m 3 h, the cell is equipped with a titanium-based catalyst coating of TiO2 doped with nano-Fe3O4, and the reaction time is 30-45 minutes; (7) Deep filtration and disinfection: The ozone effluent passes through the activated carbon adsorption column and the multi-media filter in sequence, and is finally disinfected with chlorine dioxide to meet the discharge standards; (8) Sludge treatment: The sludge generated by each unit enters the concentration tank, and the filtrate is returned to the regulating tank after plate and frame filtration. The mud cake is mixed with traditional Chinese medicine waste residue in a mass ratio of 1:2 to produce biomass fuel; (9) Intelligent control: The pH, dissolved oxygen and ozone dosage are controlled in real time through the online monitoring system, and the aeration cycle is dynamically adjusted using the fuzzy PID algorithm. When the COD in the SBR tank increases instantaneously, the aeration cycle is automatically extended by 10%-15%.

2. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage of the composite coagulant in step (2) is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the wastewater, and the molar ratio of PAC to FeCl3 is 1:0.

8.

3. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ozone dosage in step (6) is dynamically adjusted according to the chromaticity of the influent water, and is increased to 250 mg / m when the chromaticity is greater than 500 times. 3 ·h.

4. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UASB reaction tower in step (4) is equipped with a three-phase separator.

5. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated carbon adsorption column in step (7) adopts a series-parallel switchable mode, and switches to series operation when the influent COD is greater than 2000 mg / L.

6. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuzzy PID algorithm in step (9) adjusts the aeration frequency according to the real-time COD load, reducing energy consumption by more than 12%.

7. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological carrier filler in step (3) is a polyurethane porous material with a specific surface area of ​​≥500m 2 / m 3 .

8. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calorific value of the biomass fuel in step (8) is ≥3000 kcal / kg, and the combustion ash is used to prepare building material aggregates.

9. The efficient treatment method for Chinese herbal medicine wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The titanium-based catalyst in step (6) is prepared by a sol-gel method, with a Fe3O4 doping amount of 5-10 wt% and a particle size of 20-50 nm.

10. A Chinese herbal medicine wastewater treatment system, characterized in that: A highly efficient method for treating wastewater from Chinese herbal medicine slices according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following modules connected in sequence: Pretreatment module: comprising a grid, a regulating tank and a pH regulating unit, for performing step (1) of claim 1; Physicochemical treatment module: including coagulation sedimentation tank, pre-acidification tank and ozone oxidation tower, including: The coagulation sedimentation tank is configured to add the composite coagulant and flocculant according to claim 2; The pre-acidification tank is filled with the polyurethane porous biological carrier filler according to claim 7; The inner wall of the ozone oxidation tower is coated with the TiO2-Fe3O4 composite catalyst according to claim 9, and is equipped with the dynamic ozone dosing unit according to claim 3; Biological treatment module: including UASB reaction tower, SBR tank and MBR membrane assembly, including: The UASB reaction tower is connected to the three-phase separator and micro gas generator according to claim 4; The SBR tank is equipped with the fuzzy PID controller and dynamic aeration adjustment unit according to claim 6; Deep treatment module: comprising the series-parallel switchable activated carbon adsorption column, multi-media filter and chlorine dioxide disinfection unit according to claim 5, wherein the activated carbon adsorption column and the MBR membrane assembly are switched in series-parallel via an intelligent valve; Sludge treatment module: comprising a thickening tank, a plate and frame filter press and the biomass fuel mixing device according to claim 8; Intelligent control module: comprising an online sensor, a fuzzy PID controller and a dynamic aeration adjustment unit, which monitors the pH, dissolved oxygen and COD parameters of claim 1 in real time through the online sensor and executes the intelligent control logic of claim 9; The switching mode of the MBR membrane assembly and the activated carbon adsorption column is triggered by the influent COD concentration, and when the COD is greater than 2000 mg / L, it switches to series operation.

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