Involute internal gear and spline reference circle positioning device

Abstract

A reference circle positioning device for an involute internal gear and a spline relates to the technical field of involute gear measurement and solves the problems that in the prior art, all gears cannot be used as a positioning reference, so that measurement errors exist, existing production requirements cannot be met and the like, the device comprises a positioning shaft system assembly, a positioning reference sleeve and a lever, the positioning shaft system assembly is installed in the positioning reference sleeve and moves and rotates. A positioning reference sleeve is fixed on a bottom plate, a lever is pressed down to lift up a positioning shaft in a positioning shaft system assembly, a measuring ball in a retainer shrinks, a detected product piece is put in, the lever is loosened, and the measuring ball in the retainer is pushed out to be extruded on a gear pitch circle in the detected product piece; and the detected product passes through the two retainers of the positioning shaft system assembly to realize the upper section and the lower section of the detected product. All teeth are considered as positioning references. And the positioning precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of involute gear measurement, and in particular to a positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles. Background Art

[0002] The pitch circle is the core benchmark for the design and manufacture of involute gears, and its significance runs through the gear's geometric definition, processing, and meshing process. The following are the key significances of the pitch circle for involute gears: 1. The benchmark for geometric definition, 2. The key to meshing transmission, 3. The benchmark for gear processing, 4. The hub for parameter calculation, 5. The foundation for interchangeability and standardization, 6. The relationship with the base circle, and 7. Its significance in practical applications. The pitch circle is the "soul circle" of involute gears, and its role runs through the entire process of design, manufacturing, testing, and application. It not only defines the core geometric parameters of the gear, but also ensures the accuracy, interchangeability, and reliability of the transmission. Understanding the significance of the pitch circle is the key foundation for mastering involute gear technology.

[0003] In the prior art, although the importance of the above-mentioned involute gear pitch circle is known, the use of involute internal gears and spline pitch circles as positioning measurements for the top circle, root circle, and other form and position tolerances such as end faces and outer circles remains a difficult problem that the machinery manufacturing industry has not been able to solve. Currently, in the gear manufacturing machinery industry, the involute internal gear and spline pitch circles can only be used as a reference to measure other form and position tolerances, such as the gear top circle, root circle coaxiality, end face runout, etc., using gear measuring instruments or three-dimensional coordinate measuring machines. However, when these devices collect the pitch circle parameter values ​​during the measurement process, they cannot collect the values ​​of each tooth of the internal gear and spline as a positioning reference. They only select a few teeth as the positioning reference to measure and evaluate the form and position tolerances of the product. Therefore, the measurement results of different teeth collected as the positioning reference may be different. Therefore, there is a problem of measurement error. Gear production is large-scale, and several gears may be produced in one minute. The use of gear measuring instruments or three-coordinate measuring instruments cannot guarantee the actual production requirements in terms of measurement time. Therefore, online inspection fixtures that can achieve rapid detection are the only way to ensure production. For this purpose, the present invention designs a positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art of using gear measuring instruments or three-coordinate measuring instruments to measure parameters such as the top circle, root circle and other parameters such as the form and position tolerances of the end face and outer circle, which make it impossible to use all the gears as positioning references, resulting in measurement errors and the inability to meet existing production needs. A positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles is provided.

[0005] A positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles; the device comprises a positioning shaft assembly, a positioning reference sleeve and a lever;

[0006] The positioning shaft assembly is installed in the positioning reference sleeve and can be moved and rotated; the positioning reference sleeve is fixed to the base plate, and a lever is installed at the bottom of the base plate. Pressing the lever lifts the positioning shaft in the positioning shaft assembly, and the measuring ball in the holder shrinks and is placed in the product to be inspected. When the lever is released, the measuring ball in the holder is pushed out and squeezed onto the pitch circle of the gear in the product to be inspected.

[0007] The inspected product is positioned through two retainers of the shaft assembly to realize the upper and lower cross-sections of the inspected product, so that the pitch circle of the internal gear of the inspected product is coaxial with the shaft assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning shaft assembly includes a positioning shaft, two 3D-printed annular structure retainers, an axial positioning sleeve, a positioning sleeve, an axial limiting sleeve, a disc spring and a spring limiting sleeve;

[0009] A measuring ball is installed in each of the retaining frames and leaks out from one end face of the outer circle of the annular structure, and the other end face is closed; the inner hole of the retaining frame is a stepped hole structure;

[0010] The positioning shaft and the positioning sleeve are both configured as stepped shaft structures; the inner side of the large diameter end of the positioning shaft is processed into a conical surface, and the outer side of the large diameter end of the positioning sleeve is processed into a conical surface;

[0011] The large diameter end of the positioning shaft is installed into the large diameter inner hole of the holder, the upper holder and the positioning shaft move relative to each other, and the measuring ball in the upper holder contacts the conical surface of the positioning shaft;

[0012] The axial positioning sleeve is installed on the positioning shaft, locking the upper retainer between the positioning shaft and the axial positioning sleeve;

[0013] The large diameter end of the positioning sleeve is installed into the large diameter inner hole of the lower retainer, and then the assembled assembly of the positioning shaft, upper retainer and axial positioning sleeve is installed into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve;

[0014] The positioning sleeve is installed in the positioning reference sleeve through the end face bearing and the ball bearing. The disc spring and the spring limit sleeve are respectively installed at the lower end of the positioning shaft. One end of the disc spring contacts the lower end face of the positioning sleeve, and the other end contacts the end face of the spring limit sleeve. The positioning shaft and the spring limit sleeve are fastened by a cylindrical pin; the positioning reference sleeve is fastened to the base plate, and then the positioning reference sleeve is positioned by the end face positioning sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes an axial limit sleeve, which is installed in the positioning reference sleeve after the end face bearing and the ball bearing are installed on the first step shoulder surface and the first step outer circle of the positioning sleeve respectively. The axial limit sleeve is installed on the second step outer circle of the positioning sleeve and fixed with a nut.

[0016] Furthermore, a steel ball is installed in the center hole at the lower end of the positioning shaft. When the lever is pressed, the other end of the lever contacts the steel ball to lift the positioning shaft. At this time, the axial distance of the axial positioning sleeve and the relative distance between the axial positioning sleeve and the positioning sleeve become larger, and the measuring balls in the two retaining frames shrink and the product to be inspected is placed in. When the lever is released, the upper and lower sections of the product to be inspected are positioned, and at the same time, the rotation of the product to be inspected is achieved by rotating the shaft system assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer circle shape of the retaining frame is the same as the shape of the product being inspected, the outline size is 0.1 mm smaller than the outline size of the product being inspected, the large diameter inner hole size of the retaining frame is 0.4 mm larger than the rod spacing size of the product being inspected, and the small diameter inner hole size is 10 to 20 mm smaller than the large diameter inner hole size; the diameter size of the spherical cavity is 0.2 mm larger than the M value measuring ball size of the product being inspected.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer circle shape of the axial positioning sleeve is the same as the shape of the product being inspected, and the outline size is 0.1 mm smaller than the outline size of the product being inspected. The inner hole size of the axial positioning sleeve is matched with the shaft diameter of the positioning shaft to enable sliding between the two; the inner holes of the positioning shaft and the positioning sleeve are matched to enable sliding between the two.

[0019] Furthermore, the axial positioning sleeve and the positioning sleeve are provided with a pin hole passing through the center line, and the positioning shaft is provided with two circular holes respectively matching the pin holes, and the pin holes match the circular holes on the positioning shaft; the limit pin passes through the pin hole of the axial positioning sleeve and the circular hole on the positioning shaft, locking the upper retainer between the positioning shaft and the axial positioning sleeve;

[0020] Another limiting pin passes through the pin hole of the positioning sleeve and the circular hole on the positioning shaft to lock the lower retainer between the positioning sleeve and the axial positioning sleeve.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer circle of the first step of the positioning sleeve is connected to the positioning reference sleeve hole through a ball bearing, forming a linear bearing system with the positioning sleeve as the inner ring, the ball bearing as the ball, and the positioning reference sleeve hole as the outer ring to achieve movement and rotation.

[0022] Furthermore, the dimension from the end face of the axial limiting sleeve to the end face of the first step of the positioning sleeve is larger than the thickness dimension of the positioning reference sleeve plus the thickness dimension of the end face bearing by 0.3-0.4 mm.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] The pitch circle positioning device described in the present invention realizes the positioning of the pitch circle through a positioning shaft system assembly consisting of a positioning shaft, two retaining frames, an axial positioning sleeve, a positioning sleeve, an axial limit sleeve, a disc spring and a spring limit sleeve. The positioning device considers all the teeth of the product being inspected as positioning references, so repeated measurement results are the same, thereby improving the positioning accuracy.

[0025] The pitch circle positioning device described in the present invention realizes the positioning of the measured product part in the positioning shaft system assembly through the upper and lower mounted retaining frames. At the same time, the protective frame is realized by 3D printing molding technology, which solves the problem that cannot be achieved by existing technologies.

[0026] The pitch circle positioning device of the present invention further provides a measuring component, which realizes the runout detection of the end face, outer circle and inner hole of the measured product part during the rotation of the measured product part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning device for an involute internal gear and a spline pitch circle according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shafting assembly used in an involute internal gear and spline pitch circle positioning device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cage; (a) is the main view, (b) is the cross-sectional view, and (c) is the main view of the spherical cavity of the cage;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the positioning axis;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the axial positioning sleeve; wherein (a) is the main view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning sleeve; wherein (a) is the main view and (b) is the side view;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end face positioning sleeve; wherein (a) is the main view and (b) is the top view;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning reference sleeve; wherein (a) is the main view and (b) is the top view;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the axial limit sleeve; (a) is the main view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of measuring a product under test using the involute internal gear and spline pitch circle positioning device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A top view of the product being inspected with the auxiliary measuring device positioned;

[0038] Figure 12 for Figure 10 A top view of the product being inspected, with the auxiliary measuring rod positioned in the middle.

[0039] In the figure: 1. Foot, 2. Base plate, 3. Slide, 4. Connecting plate, 5. First connector, 6. Second connector, 7. Auxiliary measuring rod, 8. Auxiliary measuring device, 9. Support rod, 10. Product to be tested, 11. Positioning shaft, 12. Retaining frame, 13. Limit pin, 14. Measuring steel ball, 15. Axial positioning sleeve, 16. Positioning sleeve, 17. End bearing, 18. Ball bearing, 19. End positioning sleeve, 20. Screw, 21. Positioning reference sleeve, 22. Axial limit sleeve, 23. Lever support, 24. Lever, 25. Pin, 26. Nut, 27. Disc spring, 28. Spring limit sleeve, 29. Cylindrical pin, 30. Connecting rod assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Specific implementation method 1. Combination Figures 1 to 9 The present embodiment is described as follows: a positioning device for an involute internal gear and a spline pitch circle, the device comprising a positioning shaft assembly consisting of a positioning shaft 11, two retainers 12, an axial positioning sleeve 15, a positioning sleeve 16, an axial limit sleeve 22, a disc spring 27 and a spring limit sleeve 28, a positioning reference sleeve 21 and a lever 24; the structural diagram of the shaft assembly is shown in FIG. Figure 2 The positioning shaft assembly is installed in the positioning reference sleeve 21 and can be moved and rotated. The positioning reference sleeve 21 is fixed to the base plate 2. A lever 24 is installed at the bottom of the base plate 2. Pressing the lever 24 lifts the positioning shaft in the positioning shaft assembly, shrinking the measuring ball in the holder and inserting the product to be inspected. Release the lever 24, and the measuring ball in the holder is pushed out and squeezed onto the pitch circle of the gear in the product to be inspected.

[0041] The inspected product is positioned through two retainers of the shaft assembly to realize the upper and lower cross-sections of the inspected product, so that the pitch circle of the internal gear of the inspected product is coaxial with the shaft assembly.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the retainer 12 is an annular structure and is machined with a spherical cavity, in which a measuring ball 14 is installed; the measuring ball 14 can leak out from one end face of the outer circle of the ring, but it cannot fall out. The size of the hole leaking out from the inner hole is slightly larger than the size of the measuring ball. This is for mounting the measuring ball to the retainer. The other end face of the retainer 12 ring is fully enclosed, and the inner hole of the retainer 12 is a stepped hole structure; the retainer 12 uses two parts with the same structural dimensions, which are installed upper and lower to position the upper and lower sections of the product involute internal gear and spline pitch circle, thereby realizing positioning of the pitch circle;

[0043] In this embodiment, the retainer 12 is manufactured using 3D molding technology. The retainer 12 is an annular structure, and its outer circle shape is the same as the internal gear and spline shape of the product being inspected, but its outline size is 0.1 mm smaller than the outline size of the product being inspected. The inner hole of the retainer 12 is a stepped hole structure, and the large diameter inner hole size is 0.4 mm larger than the rod spacing size of the product being inspected, and the small diameter inner hole size is 10 to 20 mm smaller than the large diameter inner hole size. A spherical cavity is machined in the retainer ring specification tooth, and the diameter of the spherical cavity is 0.2 mm larger than the M value ball size of the product being inspected. Figure 3 It can be seen that the measuring ball 14 can leak out from the outer circle of the ring and from one end face, but it cannot fall out. The size of the hole leaking from the inner hole is slightly larger than the size of the measuring ball. This is for installing the measuring ball to the cage. The other end face of the cage ring is fully enclosed.

[0044] The positioning shaft 11 is set to a stepped shaft structure, and the inner side of the large diameter dimension of the positioning shaft 11 is processed into a conical surface; the large diameter end of the positioning shaft 11 is installed in the large diameter inner hole of the upper retainer, and the upper retainer and the positioning shaft 11 move relative to each other. When the measuring ball 14 in the upper retainer contacts the conical surface of the positioning shaft 11, the size changes in the radial direction.

[0045] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the large diameter size of the positioning shaft 11 is clearance-matched with the large diameter inner hole size of the retainer 12, and the large diameter size of the stepped shaft is processed with a conical surface. When the large diameter inner hole of the retainer 12 filled with measuring balls is installed into the large diameter outer circle of the positioning shaft 11, the upper retainer and the positioning shaft 11 are moved relative to each other, and the measuring ball 14 changes in size in the radial direction when it contacts the conical surface; when the axial positioning sleeve 15 is installed on the positioning shaft 11, the two end faces of the axial positioning sleeve 15 are perpendicular to the center line of the positioning shaft 15, and one end face of the axial positioning sleeve 15 actually directly pushes the measuring ball 14 to move on the conical surface. The outer circles of the positioning shaft 11 are all coaxial, so that the distance between the center of all measuring balls 14 and the center line of the positioning shaft 11 is consistent. The limit pin 13 is inserted from the pin hole in the middle of the outer circle of the axial positioning sleeve 15 through the center line into the circular hole on the positioning shaft 11, and the upper retainer 12 filled with measuring balls will be locked between the positioning shaft 11 and the axial positioning sleeve 15.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the axial positioning sleeve 15; in this embodiment, the outer circle shape of the axial positioning sleeve 15 is the same as the shape of the product to be inspected, but the outline size is 0.1 mm smaller than the outline size of the product to be inspected, and the inner hole size is matched with the shaft diameter of the positioning shaft 11 to ensure that they can slide but there is no gap between them. There is a pin hole passing through the center line in the middle of the outer circle, and the pin hole matches the circular hole on the positioning shaft 11.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the positioning sleeve 16 is configured as a stepped shaft structure, and the outer side of the large diameter size of the positioning sleeve 16 is processed into a conical surface; its large diameter size is clearance-matched with the large inner hole diameter size of the lower retainer. After the large diameter inner hole of the lower retainer filled with measuring balls is installed into the large diameter outer circle on the positioning sleeve 16, the assembled assembly of the positioning shaft 11, the upper retainer and the axial positioning sleeve 15 is installed into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 16. The inner holes of the positioning shaft 11 and the positioning sleeve 16 are ground to ensure that they can slide but there is no gap between them.

[0048] Insert another limit pin from the pin hole on the outer circle of the positioning sleeve 16 through the center line into the other circular hole on the positioning shaft 11. The lower retainer filled with measuring balls will be locked between the positioning sleeve 16 and the axial positioning sleeve 15. When the positioning shaft 11 and the positioning sleeve 16 are pushed closer to each other, the measuring balls 14 in the upper and lower retainers are pushed out synchronously.

[0049] like Figure 2 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the first step outer diameter of the positioning sleeve 16 is respectively equipped with an end bearing 17 and a ball bearing 18, and then installed in the positioning reference sleeve 21. The first step outer diameter of the positioning sleeve 16 is connected to the hole of the positioning reference sleeve 21 through the ball bearing 18, forming a linear bearing system with the positioning sleeve 16 as the inner ring, the ball bearing 18 as the ball, and the hole of the positioning reference sleeve 21 as the outer ring. The linear bearing system is both movable and rotatable. The end bearing 17 is located between the shoulder surface of the first step of the positioning sleeve 16 and the end surface of the positioning reference sleeve 21. The axial limit sleeve 22 is installed on the outer diameter of the second step of the positioning sleeve 16 and is tightened to the second step with a nut 26. After locking, the distance between the end surface of the axial limit sleeve 22 and the end surface of the first step of the positioning sleeve 16 is greater than the thickness of the positioning reference sleeve 21 plus the thickness of the end bearing 17 by 0.3-0.4 mm. This range is limited to ensure sufficient retraction of the measuring ball in the retainer 12 when the positioning sleeve 16 is lifted relative to the positioning reference sleeve 21.

[0050] In this embodiment, the disc spring 27 and the spring limit sleeve 28 are respectively installed in the small diameter end of the positioning shaft 11, one end of the disc spring 27 contacts the second step end face (small end face) of the positioning sleeve 16, and the other end contacts the end face of the spring limit sleeve 28, and the positioning shaft 11 and the spring limit sleeve 28 are fastened by the cylindrical pin 29; in this way, under the action of the force of the disc spring 27, the measuring ball in the retaining frame has sufficient force to position the pitch circle of the internal gear, thereby preventing inaccurate positioning due to the weight of the product.

[0051] After the above positioning shaft system assembly is completed, the positioning reference sleeve 21 is fixed to the base plate 2 by screws 20, and then the end surface positioning sleeve 19 is installed; the lever 24 is installed at the bottom of the base plate 2 through the lever support 23; Figure 7 As shown, the inner hole of the end face locating sleeve 19 is installed in transition fit with the positioning reference sleeve 21, and the upper end face of the end face locating sleeve 19 is used to locate the end face of the product being inspected, ensuring that the retainer 12 is positioned at the ideal cross section of the product's involute internal gear and spline pitch circle.

[0052] When the lever 24 is pressed down, the positioning shaft 11 is lifted, the axial distance between the positioning shaft 11 and the axial positioning sleeve 15 becomes larger, the measuring ball 14 in the upper retainer can be retracted, the relative distance between the axial positioning sleeve 15 and the positioning sleeve 16 becomes larger, and the measuring ball 14 in the lower retainer can be retracted. At this time, the product to be inspected can be easily placed in the positioning shaft system assembly, and the pressing force of the lever 24 is released. Under the action of the disc spring 27, the measuring balls in the two retainers 12 are pushed out and squeezed onto the pitch circle of the gear inside the product to be inspected. Because it is positioning the upper and lower sections, it can ensure that the pitch circle is coaxial with the positioning shaft system assembly, and the rotation of the product to be inspected is achieved by rotating the positioning shaft system assembly in the hole of the positioning reference sleeve 21.

[0053] In this embodiment, a steel ball is installed in the center hole of the positioning shaft 11. When the lever 24 presses down the positioning shaft 11 and the positioning shaft 11 is lifted, the lifting force acts just on the center to avoid the generation of roll force and wear on the positioning shaft 11.

[0054] Specific implementation method 2: Figure 10 and Figure 12 This embodiment is described as follows. This embodiment is a measuring assembly for an involute internal gear or a spline pitch circle positioning device as described in the first embodiment. The measuring assembly includes a slide 3 mounted on a base plate 2, a support rod 9 mounted on the movable end surface of the slide 3, and a first connector 5, a second connector 6, an auxiliary measuring rod 7, an auxiliary measuring device 8, and a connecting rod assembly 30 mounted on the support rod 9.

[0055] In this embodiment, the adjustable handle on the connecting rod assembly 30 is rotated forward to the maximum fulcrum position of the connecting rod crank, and the slide 3 is pushed to the measuring position of the product to be tested; at the hinge between the connecting rod and the slide 3, a circular hole is provided on the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is installed with a spring to support the hinge screw.

[0056] The first connector 5 is connected to the mounting support rod 9 and can move along the support rod 9, thereby providing an ideal measuring position for the auxiliary measuring rod 7 and the auxiliary measuring device 8. The first connector 5 has an M5 screw countersunk hole, and the screw passes through the screw countersunk hole and is connected and fastened with the screw hole on the auxiliary measuring device 8. The second connector 6 The hole fixes the auxiliary measuring rod 7.

[0057] The measuring assembly described in this embodiment can detect the runout of the end face, outer circle, and inner hole of the inspected product 10. The forward and backward movement of the slide 3 is controlled by the connecting rod assembly 30. When the inspected product 10 is placed, the slide 3 is in the backward state. At this time, the auxiliary measuring rod 7 and the auxiliary measuring device 8 are away from the inspected product to avoid contact. After the inspected product 10 is positioned, the connecting rod assembly 30 controls the slide 3 to advance to the measurement position. The auxiliary measuring rod 7 and the auxiliary measuring device 8 contact the measurement position of the inspected product 10. The positioning shaft system assembly of the inspected product is rotated, and the runout of the inspected product can be detected.

[0058] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0059] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles, characterized by: The device comprises a positioning shaft system component, a positioning reference sleeve (21) and a lever (24); The positioning shaft system assembly is installed in the positioning reference sleeve (21) and can be moved and rotated; the positioning reference sleeve (21) is fixed on the base plate (2), and a lever (24) is installed at the bottom of the base plate (2); the lever (24) is pressed down to lift the positioning shaft in the positioning shaft system assembly, and the measuring ball in the retaining frame is retracted and placed in the product to be inspected; the lever (24) is released, and the measuring ball in the retaining frame is pushed out and squeezed on the pitch circle of the gear in the product to be inspected; The inspected product is positioned through two retainers of the shaft assembly to realize the upper and lower cross-sections of the inspected product, so that the pitch circle of the internal gear of the inspected product is coaxial with the shaft assembly.

2. A positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning shaft assembly comprises a positioning shaft (11), two 3D-printed annular retaining frames (12), an axial positioning sleeve (15), a positioning sleeve (16), an axial limiting sleeve (22), a disc spring (27) and a spring limiting sleeve (28); A measuring ball (14) is installed in each retainer (12) and leaks out from one end face of the outer circle of the annular structure, while the other end face is closed; the inner hole of the retainer (12) is a stepped hole structure; The positioning shaft (11) and the positioning sleeve (16) are both configured as stepped shaft structures; the inner side of the large diameter end of the positioning shaft (11) is processed into a conical surface, and the outer side of the large diameter end of the positioning sleeve (16) is processed into a conical surface; The large diameter end of the positioning shaft (11) is installed in the large diameter inner hole of the retainer (12), the upper retainer and the positioning shaft (11) move relative to each other, and the measuring ball (14) in the upper retainer contacts the conical surface of the positioning shaft (11); The axial positioning sleeve (15) is installed on the positioning shaft (11), and the upper retainer is locked between the positioning shaft (11) and the axial positioning sleeve (15); The large diameter end of the positioning sleeve (16) is installed into the large diameter inner hole of the lower retainer, and then the assembled assembly of the positioning shaft (11), the upper retainer and the axial positioning sleeve (15) is installed into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve (16); The positioning sleeve (16) is installed in the positioning reference sleeve (21) through the end face bearing (17) and the ball bearing (18); the disc spring (27) and the spring limiting sleeve (28) are respectively installed at the lower end of the positioning shaft (11); one end of the disc spring (27) contacts the lower end face of the positioning sleeve (16), and the other end contacts the end face of the spring limiting sleeve (28); the positioning shaft (11) and the spring limiting sleeve (28) are fastened by a cylindrical pin (29); the positioning reference sleeve (21) is fastened to the base plate (2), and the positioning reference sleeve (21) is positioned by the end face positioning sleeve (19).

3. The positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an axial limiting sleeve (22), which is installed in the positioning reference sleeve (21) after the end face bearing (17) and the dense ball bearing (18) are installed on the first step shoulder surface and the first step outer circle of the positioning sleeve (16) respectively. The axial limiting sleeve (22) is installed on the second step outer circle of the positioning sleeve (16) and is fixed by a nut (26).

4. The device for positioning an involute internal gear or a spline pitch circle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel ball is installed in the center hole at the lower end of the positioning shaft (11). The lever (24) is pressed down, and the other end of the lever (24) contacts the steel ball to lift the positioning shaft (11). At this time, the axial distance of the axial positioning sleeve (15) and the relative distance between the axial positioning sleeve (15) and the positioning sleeve (16) become larger, and the measuring balls (14) in the two retaining frames (12) shrink and are placed in the product to be inspected. The lever (24) is released, and the upper and lower sections of the product to be inspected are positioned. At the same time, the rotation of the product to be inspected is achieved by rotating the shaft system component.

5. The positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circle shape of the retainer (12) is the same as the shape of the product to be inspected, and the outline size is 0.1 mm smaller than the outline size of the product to be inspected. The large diameter inner hole size of the retainer (12) is 0.4 mm larger than the rod spacing size of the product to be inspected, and the small diameter inner hole size is 10 to 20 mm smaller than the large diameter inner hole size; the diameter size of the spherical cavity is 0.2 mm larger than the M value measuring ball size of the product to be inspected.

6. The positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circle shape of the axial positioning sleeve (15) is the same as the shape of the product to be inspected, and the outline size is 0.1 mm smaller than the outline size of the product to be inspected. The inner hole size of the axial positioning sleeve (15) is matched with the shaft diameter of the positioning shaft (11) so that sliding is achieved between the two. The inner holes of the positioning shaft (11) and the positioning sleeve (16) are matched so that sliding is achieved between the two.

7. The device for positioning an involute internal gear or a spline pitch circle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial positioning sleeve (15) and the positioning sleeve (16) are provided with pin holes passing through the center line, and the positioning shaft (11) is provided with two circular holes respectively matching the pin holes, and the pin holes match the circular holes on the positioning shaft (11); the limit pin (13) passes through the pin hole of the axial positioning sleeve (15) and the circular hole on the positioning shaft (11), and locks the upper retainer between the positioning shaft (11) and the axial positioning sleeve (15); Another limiting pin passes through the pin hole of the positioning sleeve (16) and the circular hole on the positioning shaft (11), locking the lower retainer between the positioning sleeve (16) and the axial positioning sleeve (15).

8. The device for positioning an involute internal gear or a spline pitch circle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first step outer circle of the positioning sleeve (16) is connected to the positioning reference sleeve (21) hole through a dense ball bearing (18), forming a linear bearing system with the positioning sleeve (16) as the inner ring, the dense ball bearing (18) as the ball, and the positioning reference sleeve (21) hole as the outer ring, so as to realize movement and rotation.

9. The device for positioning an involute internal gear or a spline pitch circle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimension from the end face of the axial limiting sleeve (22) to the first step end face of the positioning sleeve (16) is greater than the thickness dimension of the positioning reference sleeve (21) plus the thickness dimension of the end face bearing (17) by 0.3-0.4 mm.

10. A positioning device for involute internal gears and spline pitch circles according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The device also includes a measuring assembly for measuring the positioning device, the measuring assembly including a connecting rod assembly (30), a slide (3) mounted on a base plate (2), a support rod (9) fixed to a movable end surface of the slide (3), and two connectors movably mounted along the support rod (9), the two connectors respectively fixing an auxiliary measuring device (8) and an auxiliary measuring rod (7); The connecting rod assembly (30) is hinged to the slide (3); the slide (3) is controlled to move forward and backward by the connecting rod assembly (30), so that the auxiliary measuring rod (7) and the auxiliary measuring device (8) are in contact with the measuring position of the product to be inspected (10), and the positioning shaft system assembly of the product to be inspected (10) is rotated, and the vibration of the product to be inspected is detected.

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