Method and system for ionospheric scintillation interference protection in meteorological satellite ground data receiving

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for ionospheric scintillation interference protection in meteorological satellite ground data reception, and relates to the technical field of meteorological satellites, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the real-time correlation judgment of the pitch angle and azimuth angle data of a satellite receiving station antenna and the pitch angle and azimuth angle data of a matched ionospheric scintillation index; generating different levels of risk early warning information by integrating the correlation between the pitch angle and the azimuth angle of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk; based on the risk early warning information, intelligent decision making is carried out; according to the intelligent decision, the ionospheric scintillation risk index is intelligently adjusted to identify the inspection period; and in the intelligent protection working state, the satellite ground station is intelligently commanded and dispatched to carry out ionospheric scintillation protection. According to the invention, the reliability and anti-interference capability of satellite-ground communication can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of meteorological satellites, and in particular to a method and system for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception by meteorological satellites. Background Art

[0002] Ionospheric scintillation is a phenomenon of rapid fluctuations in the amplitude, phase, and angle of arrival of radio signals caused by irregular changes in the plasma density in the ionosphere. It mainly occurs in the F layer of the ionosphere 60-1000 km above the Earth's surface. During peak solar activity or geomagnetic disturbances, ionospheric scintillation is particularly significant, causing serious interference to satellite-to-ground communication links (such as meteorological satellite data reception). Specifically, it manifests as signal attenuation (for example, the L-band signal power can drop by up to ten decibels), phase distortion (leading to increased navigation positioning errors), and inter-code interference caused by multipath propagation (increased bit error rate). These problems pose a major safety hazard to scenarios with high continuity requirements, such as military communications and emergency communications.

[0003] Currently, protection against ionospheric scintillation interference primarily focuses on post-event passive response. For example, existing technologies monitor the location of ionospheric scintillation areas, suspend data reception when ground antennas detect interference, and resume services after the scintillation ends. However, this approach has the following technical drawbacks:

[0004] 1. It is impossible to predict the impact of ionospheric scintillation on a specific receiving station before it occurs, resulting in passive waiting after communication is interrupted and inability to avoid it in advance.

[0005] 2. Existing solutions do not combine satellite mission schedules with geographic information, and are unable to match ionospheric scintillation risks to the real-time mission windows and geographic locations of different receiving stations, resulting in delayed protective measures.

[0006] 3. Failure to distinguish between high-orbit satellites (fixed sub-satellite point) and low-orbit satellites (dynamic operation in low-Earth orbit), and adopting a unified response measure (such as relying solely on signal retransmission) is inefficient and cannot guarantee business continuity.

[0007] 4. A dynamic correlation mechanism between angle deviation and risk level has not been established, making it difficult to trigger differentiated protection strategies based on the severity of interference, resulting in wasted resources or insufficient response. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception of meteorological satellites, which can improve the reliability and anti-interference capability of satellite-to-ground communications.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0010] In a first aspect, a method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception by a meteorological satellite, the method comprising:

[0011] Step S1: acquiring satellite receiving task schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations in real time;

[0012] Step S2: matching the satellite receiving mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and outputting matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data;

[0013] Step S3: performing real-time correlation analysis on the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index elevation and azimuth data, and generating risk warning information of different levels based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk;

[0014] Step S4: making an intelligent decision based on the risk warning information, and intelligently adjusting the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle according to the intelligent decision;

[0015] Step S5: In the intelligent protection working state, the intelligent command and dispatch satellite ground station performs ionospheric scintillation protection.

[0016] In a second aspect, a system for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception of meteorological satellites comprises:

[0017] An acquisition module is used to obtain satellite receiving mission schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations in real time;

[0018] A matching module is used to match the satellite reception mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and output matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data;

[0019] The early warning module is used to perform real-time correlation analysis between the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index elevation and azimuth data, and generate risk warning information of different levels based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk;

[0020] An adjustment module is used to make intelligent decisions based on the risk warning information, and intelligently adjust the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle according to the intelligent decisions;

[0021] The switching module is used to intelligently command and dispatch the satellite ground station to perform ionospheric scintillation protection when the intelligent protection is in working state.

[0022] According to a third aspect, a computing device includes:

[0023] one or more processors;

[0024] The storage device is used to store one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method.

[0025] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores a program, which implements the method when executed by a processor.

[0026] The above solution of the present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] By real-time matching of satellite reception mission schedules, geographic information, and ionospheric scintillation index data, combined with antenna angle deviation identification, it is possible to predict in advance the interference risk of ionospheric scintillation to specific receiving stations, and generate graded warning information, achieving a fundamental shift from passive waiting to active avoidance, thereby avoiding communication interruption or data loss.

[0028] Based on the risk warning level (such as regular, warning, and intelligent protection status) and risk index identification results, the data reporting frequency, protection measure priority, and execution intensity are dynamically adjusted. For example, in extremely high-risk situations, the inspection cycle is shortened to 1 minute and protection actions are immediately executed, while in low-risk situations, only monitoring is maintained, effectively balancing resource consumption and protection effectiveness.

[0029] To address the differences in communication characteristics between low-Earth orbit satellites (dynamic low-Earth orbit) and high-Earth orbit satellites (geostationary orbit), we employ frequency band switching and primary / backup receiving station switching strategies. The former reduces signal attenuation by leveraging the high-frequency band's anti-interference properties, while the latter ensures service continuity through redundant links, addressing the inefficiency of traditional single-source protection measures.

[0030] By integrating satellite mission time, geographic coordinates, ionospheric scintillation index, and antenna angle data, and through second-level intelligent matching and real-time correlation analysis, accurate risk positioning in multi-station and multi-mission scenarios is achieved, providing a high-confidence decision-making basis for protection strategies and avoiding misjudgments or delays caused by data fragmentation.

[0031] By reducing communication interruption time and data retransmission times, the efficiency of satellite data reception is significantly improved, ensuring the real-time performance of key applications such as weather forecasting and disaster monitoring. At the same time, high-frequency band switching and redundant link design extend the service life of the equipment and reduce operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1The present invention is a flowchart of a method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception of meteorological satellites, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 The present invention provides a scintillation index information matching flow chart of a method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a flow chart for real-time correlation identification between the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a flow chart for real-time correlation identification between the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation angle.

[0036] Figure 5 Flowchart of the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem.

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of ionospheric scintillation risk index identification.

[0038] Figure 7 Flowchart of integrated ionospheric scintillation protection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception of meteorological satellites, the method comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step S1: acquiring satellite receiving task schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations in real time;

[0042] Step S2: matching the satellite receiving mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and outputting matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data;

[0043] Step S3: performing real-time correlation analysis on the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index elevation and azimuth data, and generating risk warning information of different levels based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk;

[0044] Step S4: making an intelligent decision based on the risk warning information, and intelligently adjusting the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle according to the intelligent decision;

[0045] Step S5: In the intelligent protection working state, the intelligent command and dispatch satellite ground station performs ionospheric scintillation protection.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, by real-time matching of satellite reception task schedules, geographic information, and ionospheric scintillation index data, combined with antenna angle deviation identification, it is possible to predict in advance the interference risk of ionospheric scintillation on specific receiving stations, and generate graded warning information, thereby achieving a fundamental shift from passive waiting to active avoidance, and avoiding communication interruption or data loss. Based on the risk warning level (such as conventional, warning, and intelligent protection status) and the risk index identification results, the data reporting frequency, priority of protective measures, and execution intensity are dynamically adjusted. For example, under extremely high risk, the inspection cycle is shortened to 1 minute and protective operations are performed immediately, while under low risk, only monitoring is maintained, effectively balancing resource consumption and protection effectiveness. In view of the differences in communication characteristics between low-orbit satellites (dynamic low-Earth orbit) and high-orbit satellites (geostationary orbit), communication frequency band switching and primary and backup receiving station switching strategies are adopted respectively. The former reduces signal attenuation through the anti-interference characteristics of the high-frequency band, and the latter uses redundant links to ensure business continuity, solving the problem of low efficiency of traditional single protection measures. By integrating satellite mission time, geographic coordinates, ionospheric scintillation index, and antenna angle data, and through second-level intelligent matching and real-time correlation analysis, accurate risk positioning is achieved in multi-station, multi-mission scenarios. This provides a high-confidence decision basis for protection strategies and avoids misjudgments or delays caused by data fragmentation. By reducing communication interruptions and data retransmissions, the efficiency of satellite data reception is significantly improved, ensuring the real-time performance of key applications such as weather forecasting and disaster monitoring. Furthermore, high-frequency band switching and redundant link design extend equipment life and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S1: real-time acquisition of satellite receiving task schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, includes:

[0048] Step S11: obtaining satellite receiving task schedule data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations through the satellite meteorological center business network, including satellite star data, satellite ground receiving station number data, data reception start time and end time;

[0049] Step S12: acquiring geographic information data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, including longitude data and latitude data, and intelligently analyzing the predicted values ​​of the antenna pitch angle and azimuth angle of each receiving station;

[0050] Step S13: obtaining ionospheric scintillation index data in real time from the Space Weather Center, including minute-level time data, azimuth data, elevation data, and corresponding ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation and azimuth matching data;

[0051] Step S14: Performing second-level intelligent matching on the satellite receiving mission schedule, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data to generate real-time ionospheric scintillation data of the multi-station space environment.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present invention, the above step S11: accessing the dedicated service network of the National Satellite Meteorological Center, obtaining the mission schedule data of each satellite data ground receiving station in real time through a standardized API interface or database query; satellite star data: a number that uniquely identifies the satellite (such as FY-4A, Himawari-9), used to distinguish different meteorological satellites;

[0053] Ground receiving station number: identifies the receiving station (such as Beijing Station, Guangzhou Station);

[0054] Data reception time window: The start and end times are accurate to the millisecond level, defining the ground station's reception task cycle when the satellite passes by.

[0055] High-concurrency data pulling technology (such as HTTP / 2 or WebSocket) is used, combined with data caching mechanism, to ensure low-latency update and high availability of task schedule data.

[0056] By obtaining the mission schedule in real time, the mission window of each receiving station is clarified, providing a time benchmark for subsequent matching of ionospheric scintillation risks, supporting the simultaneous processing of mission data from multiple satellites and multiple receiving stations, and improving the system's parallel processing capabilities.

[0057] In step S12, the receiving station's built-in GPS / Beidou positioning module obtains its precise longitude and latitude coordinates, and combines them with digital elevation model (DEM) data to correct the effect of the receiving station's altitude on antenna pointing. The satellite's real-time orbital position within the mission time window is calculated based on satellite ephemeris data and orbital dynamics models (such as SGP4 / SDP4). Spherical trigonometry formulas are used in conjunction with the receiving station's geographic coordinates to dynamically predict the elevation and azimuth angles required for the antenna to point toward the satellite. Machine learning models (such as LSTM) are introduced to optimize angle prediction accuracy based on historical mission data and reduce errors caused by environmental interference.

[0058] The present invention achieves sub-degree prediction accuracy of antenna angles and reduces signal reception deviation by integrating satellite orbit models with geographic information; it uses machine learning to dynamically optimize the prediction model and improve robustness under complex meteorological conditions.

[0059] In the above step S13, the real-time data service of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center is connected to obtain minute-level updated data of the global ionospheric scintillation index (such as the S4 index and the phase scintillation index); structured data such as JSON / NetCDF are processed to extract the timestamp, longitude and latitude grid, scintillation intensity and matching antenna pitch angle / azimuth parameters, and the ionospheric scintillation data is mapped to the earth coordinate system (such as WGS84). The data is spatially interpolated and matched with the geographic coordinates of the receiving station to determine the ionospheric area that may be affected within the mission window of each receiving station. The present invention uses the minute-level updated scintillation index to lock the ionospheric disturbance area in real time, avoid wasting resources for global monitoring, associate the ionospheric data with the antenna angle parameters, and provide structured input for subsequent correlation identification.

[0060] In step S14, the mission time window (step S11) is aligned with the timestamp of the ionospheric scintillation data to extract scintillation events that may affect the receiving station during the mission period. Based on the longitude and latitude of the receiving station (step S12) and the longitude and latitude grid of the ionospheric scintillation area (step S13), geo-fencing technology is used to determine whether the receiving station is within the scintillation impact range. A streaming computing framework (such as Apache Flink) is used to perform real-time correlation analysis on multi-source data to generate matching results containing the following fields:

[0061] Receiving station number, satellite star mark;

[0062] Matching scintillation index intensity, impact time window;

[0063] The deviation between the predicted antenna angle and the ionospheric scintillation angle.

[0064] Through streaming computing, data matching is achieved in seconds to ensure the timeliness of risk warnings. Mission, geographic, and ionospheric data are integrated to build a panoramic view of risks at the receiving station level, providing a basis for differentiated protection strategies.

[0065] The present invention upgrades from passive response to active risk avoidance based on multi-source data fusion, reduces the probability of communication interruption, avoids resource waste of global protection through precise matching and prediction, focuses on high-risk task windows, and its modular design supports rapid access to new data sources (such as new satellites or receiving stations) to adapt to business expansion needs.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present invention, when specifically applied, the real-time intelligent perception subsystem of the ionospheric scintillation protection requirements of satellite data ground receiving stations performs real-time intelligent perception of the ionospheric scintillation protection requirements of satellite data ground receiving stations, obtains satellite receiving task schedule data and geographic information data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations through the National Satellite Meteorological Center business network, and obtains ionospheric scintillation index data through the National Space Weather Center, thereby providing operators with visualized real-time ionospheric scintillation data of multiple-station space environments.

[0067] The real-time intelligent perception subsystem for satellite data ground receiving stations' ionospheric scintillation protection requirements is capable of intelligently confirming multiple satellite markers, the numbers and names of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, and extracting relevant satellite reception task schedules within seconds. It also intelligently analyzes the data reception time windows, geographic longitude, and latitude data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations. It outputs satellite marker data, satellite ground receiving station numbers, data reception start and end times for satellite data ground receiving stations, geographic longitude and latitude data for satellite data ground receiving stations, and minute-level ionospheric scintillation index data, as well as longitude and latitude data.

[0068] The real-time intelligent perception subsystem for ionospheric scintillation protection requirements at satellite data ground receiving stations sends data on ionospheric scintillation protection requirements at satellite data ground receiving stations, including satellite beacon data, satellite ground receiving station number, satellite data ground receiving station data reception start time, satellite data ground receiving station data reception end time, satellite data ground receiving station geographic information longitude and latitude data, ionospheric scintillation index minute-level time data, ionospheric scintillation index longitude data, and ionospheric scintillation index latitude data, to the satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem. The real-time intelligent perception subsystem for ionospheric scintillation protection requirements at satellite data ground receiving stations distributes the satellite beacon data, satellite ground receiving station number, satellite data ground receiving station data reception start time, and satellite data ground receiving station data reception end time data to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S2: matching the satellite reception mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and outputting matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data, includes:

[0070] Step S21: Based on the satellite reception mission time window, the data reception start time and end time of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations are intelligently matched at the second level to extract the real-time ionospheric scintillation index data of the time window corresponding to each receiving station;

[0071] Step S22: intelligently matching the longitude and latitude correspondence between each satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index based on the longitude and latitude information in the geographic information data, and generating satellite receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index geographic information association data;

[0072] Step S23: In combination with the time window period and geographic information associated data, parse and output the satellite receiving station antenna's elevation angle prediction value and azimuth angle prediction value during the data reception time window period, as well as the corresponding ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation angle matching data and azimuth angle matching data.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned step S21: second-level intelligent matching based on the task time window is implemented as follows:

[0074] Extract the data reception start and end time of each receiving station from the satellite reception mission schedule obtained in step S1, with millisecond accuracy. Synchronously access the real-time ionospheric scintillation index data stream generated in step S1 and extract its timestamp field (with minute-level accuracy). Use a time sliding window algorithm (such as TumblingWindow) to segment the ionospheric scintillation data according to the reception mission time window, and extract the scintillation index data overlapping with the mission window.

[0075] Parallel processing of multiple receiving stations is achieved through a streaming computing engine (such as Apache Flink), and the ionospheric scintillation data within the mission window of each receiving station is filtered and aggregated; the output results include: receiving station number, matching time window, real-time ionospheric scintillation index (such as S4 index) and its time distribution.

[0076] The present invention avoids misjudgment due to time deviation, ensuring that only flickering events that may affect communications during the mission period are analyzed; it supports multi-station and multi-task concurrent matching, meeting the real-time needs of large-scale ground station groups.

[0077] The above step S23: parsing and outputting antenna angle and scintillation matching data, the implementation process is:

[0078] Combining the satellite orbit parameters (step S12) and the receiving station's geographic location, spherical trigonometry formulas are used to calculate the predicted elevation and azimuth angles of the antenna pointing within the mission window. The Kalman filter algorithm is introduced to eliminate instantaneous angle fluctuations caused by atmospheric refraction or equipment jitter, improve prediction stability, and extract the antenna elevation / azimuth parameters of the scintillation area associated with the receiving station from the ionospheric scintillation index data (step S13). The deviation value (ΔElevation, ΔAzimuth) between the predicted angle and the scintillation angle is calculated, and it is marked whether the deviation exceeds the bit error rate threshold (such as ±5°).

[0079] Generates a complete data packet for each matching record, including:

[0080] Receiving station number, satellite star mark, mission time window;

[0081] Predicted antenna elevation / azimuth angles;

[0082] Matched ionospheric scintillation angle and deviation value;

[0083] Flicker intensity level (low, medium, high).

[0084] Push data to the risk identification subsystem through a message queue (such as Kafka) to trigger real-time warnings.

[0085] The present invention provides specific numerical angle deviations, providing a direct basis for risk classification (such as low, high, and very high correlation); unifies the output format to ensure that subsequent subsystems (such as decision modules) do not need secondary analysis, thereby reducing processing delays; and improves the robustness of angle prediction through filtering algorithms, reducing the impact of environmental noise on the judgment results.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mission time, the geographical location of the receiving station and the ionospheric disturbance are deeply integrated in the time and space dimensions, avoiding the limitations of "single-dimensional matching in time or space" in traditional solutions, significantly improving the accuracy of risk identification, and ensuring the response speed of the protection system through second-level matching and streaming processing. At the same time, geographic fencing and interpolation algorithms are used to reduce invalid data processing, lower computing resource consumption, and output structured angle deviation and scintillation intensity data.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S22: intelligently matching the longitude and latitude correspondence between each satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index based on the longitude and latitude information in the geographic information data to generate satellite receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index geographic information association data, including:

[0088] Step S221: performing dynamic range matching based on the longitude data of the satellite data ground receiving station and the longitude data of the ionospheric scintillation index to determine whether the longitude deviation between the receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation area is within a preset error range;

[0089] Step S222: performing dynamic range matching based on the latitude data of the satellite data ground receiving station and the latitude data of the ionospheric scintillation index to determine whether the latitude deviation between the receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation area is within a preset error range;

[0090] Step S223: If the longitude deviation and the latitude deviation are both within the error range, geographic information association data of the satellite receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index is generated, including the receiving station number, the matching scintillation index longitude and latitude range, and the matching timestamp.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present invention, the above step S221 is based on the dynamic range matching of the longitude data, and the implementation process is:

[0092] Obtain the precise longitude data of the satellite data ground receiving station from step S12 (e.g., Beijing Station: 116.4° East longitude); obtain the longitude grid data from the ionospheric scintillation index data from step S13 (e.g., a global latitude and longitude grid divided into 0.5°×0.5°, each grid containing a corresponding scintillation intensity value); construct a dynamic sliding window centered on the longitude of the receiving station and within a preset error range (e.g., ±2°); traverse the longitude grid of the ionospheric scintillation index within the sliding window, screening out all grid areas whose deviations from the longitude of the receiving station are within the error range; calculate the deviation value (ΔLon) between the longitude of the receiving station and the longitude of the matching grid center, and mark whether it exceeds the threshold. Dynamically adjust the error range based on the satellite orbit altitude and ionospheric altitude (e.g., when the elevation angle of a low-orbit satellite is low, the ionospheric puncture point is farther from the receiving station, and the longitude matching range needs to be expanded).

[0093] In the embodiment of the present invention, the matching range is limited by a sliding window, global traversal is avoided, and computing resources are saved; the error range is dynamically adjusted according to the satellite type and elevation angle, thereby improving the matching accuracy.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present invention, the above step S222: dynamic range matching based on latitude data is implemented as follows:

[0095] Obtain the latitude data of the receiving station (e.g., Guangzhou station: 23.1°N); extract the latitude grid data from the ionospheric scintillation index data (aligned with the longitude grid), and use the same sliding window mechanism as the longitude matching, but adjust the error range according to the latitude characteristics (e.g., ±1.5°), because the propagation range of ionospheric disturbances in the latitude direction is usually smaller than that in the longitude direction; screen the latitude grids within the matching range for scintillation intensity, and only retain grids with intensities exceeding a threshold (e.g., S4 index ≥ 0.4); calculate the deviation value (ΔLat) between the latitude of the receiving station and the latitude of the matching grid center, and combine the Earth's curvature and the ionosphere altitude to verify whether the latitude deviation may cause the signal path to pass through the scintillation area (for example, using the ionospheric puncture point model).

[0096] The matching range is narrowed and the matching efficiency is improved based on the latitude distribution characteristics of ionospheric disturbances. The puncture point model is used for verification to avoid misjudgment caused by simple mathematical matching.

[0097] The above step S223 generates geographic information related data, and the implementation process is as follows:

[0098] If the longitude deviation (ΔLon) and latitude deviation (ΔLat) of steps S221 and S222 are both within the preset error range (e.g., ΔLon ≤ ±2° and ΔLat ≤ ±1.5°), it is determined that the receiving station is geographically associated with the ionospheric scintillation area; if any deviation exceeds the range, the matching result is discarded.

[0099] Generates a record for each valid match, containing:

[0100] Receiving station number: uniquely identifies the affected receiving station;

[0101] Matching scintillation index longitude range: such as 114.5°-118.5° east longitude;

[0102] Matching scintillation index latitude range: such as 21.5°-24.5° north latitude;

[0103] Match timestamp: task window time accurate to seconds (e.g. 2023-10-05 14:30:00).

[0104] Write related data into a distributed database (such as Elasticsearch) to support fast retrieval and historical backtracking; push it to the risk identification subsystem as input for perspective correlation analysis.

[0105] The present invention uses dual deviation identification (longitude + latitude) to ensure that only the actual flashing areas that may affect communications are associated, providing clear latitude and longitude ranges and temporal information, providing operational input for subsequent protection decisions, and using a distributed database to support high-concurrency queries to meet the real-time monitoring needs of multiple receiving stations.

[0106] In an embodiment of the present invention, when specifically applied, the satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem performs time and geographic information matching for the ionospheric scintillation index during the data receiving time window of a single or multiple satellite data ground receiving stations.

[0107] The satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem receives ionospheric scintillation protection requirement data from satellite data ground receiving stations and matches the satellite data ground receiving stations with the ionospheric scintillation index information. It is capable of intelligently matching multiple satellite data ground receiving stations with real-time ionospheric scintillation index data during the data reception time window within seconds, intelligently matching multiple satellite data ground receiving stations with ionospheric scintillation index longitude information, and intelligently matching multiple satellite data ground receiving stations with ionospheric scintillation index latitude information. It intelligently analyzes and outputs data that matches the time and geographic information of the satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information, including antenna elevation angle data and antenna azimuth angle data during the satellite data reception time window, ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation angle matching data, ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth matching data, and ionospheric scintillation index matching data for the satellite data ground receiving station.

[0108] The satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem will complete the matching of multiple satellite data ground receiving station data receiving time window real-time ionospheric scintillation index data, and the data of matching of satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information time and geographic information, and send them to the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem and the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem respectively.

[0109] Among them, the satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem sends data to the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem, including the satellite receiving station data receiving time window antenna pitch angle data, and ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle matching data; the satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem sends data to the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem, including the satellite receiving station data receiving time window antenna azimuth angle data, and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data; and sends the satellite data ground receiving station ionospheric scintillation index matching data to the ionospheric scintillation risk index judgment subsystem.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3: performing real-time correlation identification on the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index elevation and azimuth data, and generating risk warning information of different levels based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk, including:

[0111] During the satellite receiving station data reception time window, correlation analysis is performed on the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle data to identify the system status for real-time early warning or alarm.

[0112] The satellite receiving station antenna elevation angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation identification subsystem performs correlation analysis on the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle data during the satellite receiving station data reception time window, and performs real-time early warning or alarm status identification;

[0113] When the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem judges that the antenna azimuth angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are outside the ±5° range during the satellite receiving station data reception time window, the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem sends ionospheric scintillation risk low correlation information to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem;

[0114] The satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem sends ionospheric scintillation risk high correlation information to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem when judging that the antenna azimuth angle data of the satellite receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are within the range of ±5° during the satellite receiving time window.

[0115] The satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem sends ionospheric scintillation risk extremely high correlation information to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem when it is judged that the antenna azimuth angle data of the satellite receiving station during the data receiving time window and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are within the range of ±2°.

[0116] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S4: making intelligent decisions based on the risk warning information includes:

[0117] The ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem receives the ionospheric scintillation risk correlation information sent by the real-time correlation identification subsystem of the satellite receiving station antenna elevation angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation angle; the satellite data ground receiving station ionospheric scintillation protection demand real-time intelligent perception subsystem distributes the satellite beacon data, satellite ground receiving station number data, satellite data ground receiving station data reception start time data, satellite data ground receiving station data reception end time data, and the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem to make intelligent decisions;

[0118] The ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem intelligently and comprehensively analyzes the real-time correlation information between the azimuth and elevation angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk index. When the real-time correlation information between the azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles is low, and the ionospheric scintillation risk is low, it is decided that the ionospheric scintillation risk of the satellite receiving station is low, and the command and dispatch ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in normal working state, and reports the ionospheric scintillation interference risk information of the satellite receiving station every 5 minutes. When the real-time correlation information between the azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles is high or extremely high, or the ionospheric scintillation risk index is significant or warning, it is decided that the ionospheric scintillation risk of the satellite receiving station is high, and the command and dispatch ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in warning working state, and reports the ionospheric scintillation interference risk warning information of the satellite receiving station every 2 minutes.

[0119] When the real-time correlation information of the antenna azimuth and elevation angles and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles is extremely highly correlated, and the ionospheric scintillation risk index is a warning, it is determined that the ionospheric scintillation risk of the satellite receiving station is extremely high, and the command and dispatch ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in the intelligent protection working state, reporting the ionospheric scintillation interference risk warning information of the satellite receiving station every 1 minute.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, intelligent adjustment of the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection period based on intelligent decision-making includes:

[0121] The ionospheric scintillation index matching data of the satellite data ground receiving station sent by the satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem provides the operation personnel with the ionospheric scintillation index information data matched by multiple satellite data ground receiving stations;

[0122] Identify the ionospheric scintillation risk index level of ground receiving stations for multiple satellite data within 4 hours, and provide operators with the results of surface charging determination of low-energy particles in multi-satellite space environments;

[0123] In the normal working state, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 5 minutes, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt; in the early warning working state, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 2 minutes, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt; in the intelligent protection working state, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 1 minute, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt.

[0124] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem provides periodic ionospheric scintillation risk index identification for system-level ionospheric scintillation protection forecasting and warning tasks for multiple satellite data ground receiving stations. This system primarily utilizes ionospheric scintillation index matching data for satellite data ground receiving stations, transmitted by the satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem, to automatically identify ionospheric scintillation risk data and determine risk levels. This system then issues early warnings for the level of ionospheric scintillation activity at multiple satellite data ground receiving stations within four hours, and provides factual verification alarms for the level of ionospheric scintillation activity at multiple satellite data ground receiving stations within two hours. The ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle is intelligently adjusted based on the ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system operating status data transmitted by the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem.

[0125] The specific functions implemented are as follows:

[0126] 1) Acquisition of ionospheric scintillation index data submodule function: through the satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem, the ionospheric scintillation index matching data of the satellite data ground receiving station is sent to the operator, providing the operator with visual ionospheric scintillation index information data matched by multiple satellite data ground receiving stations.

[0127] 2) Multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment submodule function: judge the ionospheric scintillation risk index level of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations within 4 hours, and provide operators with visual multi-star space environment low-energy particle surface charging judgment results. Among them, if the satellite data ground receiving station matches the ionospheric scintillation risk index below 0.40, it is judged that the ionospheric scintillation risk level matched by the satellite data ground receiving station is extremely low, and the ionospheric scintillation risk level extremely low data information of the satellite data ground receiving station is sent to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem, and a prompt that no attention is required; if the satellite data ground receiving station matches the ionospheric scintillation risk index between 0.40 and 0.60, it is judged that the ionospheric scintillation risk level matched by the satellite data ground receiving station is low, and the ionospheric scintillation risk level low data information of the satellite data ground receiving station is sent to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem, and a prompt that the ionospheric scintillation risk level requires attention is sent; satellite data If the ionospheric scintillation risk index of the ground receiving station matches 0.60 to 0.80 or below, the ionospheric scintillation risk level of the satellite data ground receiving station is judged to be high, and the ionospheric scintillation risk level high data information and ionospheric scintillation risk level significant information prompt are sent to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem; if the ionospheric scintillation risk index of the ground receiving station matches 0.80 to 1.00 or below, the ionospheric scintillation risk level of the satellite data ground receiving station is judged to be extremely high, and the ionospheric scintillation risk level extremely high data information and ionospheric scintillation risk level warning information prompt are sent to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem;

[0128] 3) Functions of the intelligent adjustment submodule of the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem working status: In the normal working status, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 5 minutes, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt; in the early warning working status, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 2 minutes, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt; in the intelligent protection working status, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 1 minute, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S5: in the intelligent protection working state, intelligently commanding and dispatching the satellite ground station to perform ionospheric scintillation protection includes:

[0130] Intelligently analyze the ionospheric scintillation protection requirements of the satellite data ground receiving station, including the satellite star mark data sent by the real-time intelligent perception subsystem, the satellite ground receiving station number data, the satellite data ground receiving station data reception start time data, the satellite data ground receiving station data reception end time data, the satellite data ground receiving station geographic information longitude data, the satellite data ground receiving station geographic information latitude data, determine whether the satellite is a high-orbit satellite or a low-orbit satellite, and intelligently determine the idle time period for satellite data reception at each satellite receiving station;

[0131] In view of the low-Earth orbit motion characteristics of low-orbit satellites and the antenna angle and geographical location restrictions of each satellite data ground receiving station, the satellite data ground receiving station frequency switching method is adopted. The ionospheric scintillation comprehensive protection subsystem automatically starts the satellite data ground receiving station to switch from the low frequency band to the high frequency band to receive data relative to the low frequency band, thereby completing the ionospheric scintillation comprehensive protection.

[0132] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ionospheric scintillation integrated protection subsystem intelligently commands and dispatches satellite ground stations to perform ionospheric scintillation protection when the ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in the intelligent protection working state.

[0133] The ionospheric scintillation integrated protection subsystem intelligently analyzes the ionospheric scintillation protection requirements of satellite ground receiving stations, including satellite beacon data, the satellite ground receiving station number, the start and end time of satellite data reception at the ground receiving station, the longitude and latitude of the ground receiving station, and the satellite data. It also intelligently identifies the high or low orbit type of a satellite based on the satellite beacon data (FY-X1X2), where even X1 indicates a high-orbit satellite and odd X1 indicates a low-orbit satellite. It also intelligently determines the idle time periods for satellite data reception at each satellite receiving station.

[0134] The ionospheric scintillation protection subsystem utilizes frequency switching at satellite data ground receiving stations, taking into account the near-Earth orbital characteristics of low-Earth satellites and the antenna angle and geographic location constraints of each satellite data ground receiving station. The ionospheric scintillation protection subsystem automatically switches satellite data ground receiving stations from low-frequency bands (such as the L-band) to high-frequency bands (such as the Ku-band and Ka-band) for data reception relative to the low-frequency bands, ensuring service continuity and providing comprehensive ionospheric scintillation protection.

[0135] The ionospheric scintillation integrated protection subsystem utilizes a master-backup satellite data ground receiving station switching method to address the geostationary motion characteristics of the sub-satellite point of high-orbit satellites relative to the Earth, as well as the antenna angle and geographic location restrictions of each satellite data ground receiving station. The ionospheric scintillation integrated protection subsystem identifies the ionospheric scintillation risk at the satellite data ground receiving backup station and the satellite data reception window period at the satellite data ground receiving backup station. If the ionospheric scintillation integrated protection subsystem determines that the satellite data ground receiving backup station meets the data reception conditions for the affected low-orbit satellite, it suspends the reception of low-orbit satellite data from the primary satellite data ground receiving station affected by ionospheric scintillation interference and automatically activates data reception at the satellite data ground receiving backup station, ensuring service continuity and completing comprehensive ionospheric scintillation protection.

[0136] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception of meteorological satellites, comprising:

[0137] An acquisition module is used to obtain satellite receiving mission schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations in real time;

[0138] A matching module is used to match the satellite reception mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and output matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data;

[0139] The early warning module is used to perform real-time correlation analysis between the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index elevation and azimuth data, and generate risk warning information of different levels based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk;

[0140] An adjustment module is used to make intelligent decisions based on the risk warning information, and intelligently adjust the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle according to the intelligent decisions;

[0141] The switching module is used to intelligently command and dispatch the satellite ground station to perform ionospheric scintillation protection when the intelligent protection is in working state.

[0142] When applied in specific applications, the functions and collaboration processes of the subsystems of the ionospheric scintillation interference protection system are as follows:

[0143] 1. Real-time Intelligent Perception Subsystem: Data Acquisition and Distribution

[0144] The real-time intelligent perception subsystem for ionospheric scintillation protection requirements of satellite data ground receiving stations is the data foundation of the entire protection system. Its core function is to acquire and process multi-source data and provide accurate input information for subsequent subsystems.

[0145] Through the National Satellite Meteorological Center's business network, this subsystem can obtain real-time satellite reception mission schedule data from multiple satellite data ground receiving stations. This data includes key information such as satellite star mark data, satellite ground receiving station number data, and data reception start and end times. It also obtains geographic information data for multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, including longitude and latitude data. Furthermore, the National Space Weather Center obtains ionospheric scintillation index data, including minute-level time data, longitude data, and latitude data.

[0146] This subsystem boasts powerful data processing capabilities, enabling it to intelligently confirm multiple satellite markers, the numbers and names of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, and extract relevant satellite reception mission schedules within seconds. It can also intelligently analyze the data reception time windows of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, as well as the geographic longitude and latitude data of each receiving station.

[0147] After completing data processing, the real-time intelligent perception subsystem sends the satellite beacon data, satellite ground receiving station number, data reception start and end times, geographic longitude and latitude data, and minute-level time, longitude, and latitude data of the ionospheric scintillation index to the satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem. Simultaneously, the satellite beacon data, satellite ground receiving station number, and data reception start and end times are distributed to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem, providing basic data support for subsequent data matching and decision-making analysis.

[0148] 2. Information Matching Subsystem: Precise Matching of Spatiotemporal Information

[0149] The satellite data ground receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem receives the data sent by the real-time intelligent perception subsystem, and accurately matches the time and geographic information based on the ionospheric scintillation index within the data reception time window of a single or multiple satellite data ground receiving stations.

[0150] This subsystem intelligently matches real-time ionospheric scintillation index data from multiple satellite ground receiving stations within a single second, simultaneously matching the longitude and latitude of the receiving station with the ionospheric scintillation index. Through a series of complex algorithms and data processing, it intelligently analyzes and outputs antenna elevation and azimuth data from the satellite receiving station data reception window, along with the corresponding ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation and azimuth matching data, as well as the ionospheric scintillation index matching data from the satellite ground receiving station.

[0151] After completing the matching, the information matching subsystem sends the relevant data to different subsystems. The information matching subsystem sends the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle data during the data reception time window and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle matching data to the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle and ionospheric scintillation index real-time correlation judgment subsystem. The information matching subsystem sends the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle data during the data reception time window and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth matching data to the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and ionospheric scintillation index real-time correlation judgment subsystem. The information matching subsystem sends the satellite data ground receiving station ionospheric scintillation index matching data to the ionospheric scintillation risk index judgment subsystem, providing key data for subsequent correlation analysis and risk assessment.

[0152] 3. Correlation Identification Subsystem: Real-time Risk Level Determination

[0153] (1) Azimuth correlation identification subsystem

[0154] The real-time correlation identification subsystem of the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle focuses on the correlation analysis of the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle data during the satellite receiving station data reception time window, so as to realize the system status identification of real-time early warning or alarm.

[0155] When it is determined that the antenna azimuth angle data during the satellite receiving station data reception time window and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are outside the ±5° range, it is determined to be a low correlation of the ionospheric scintillation risk, and the ionospheric scintillation risk low correlation information is sent to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem; when it is determined to be within the ±5° range, it is determined to be a high correlation, and the ionospheric scintillation risk high correlation information is sent; when it is determined to be within the ±2° range, it is determined to be an extremely high correlation, and the ionospheric scintillation risk extremely high correlation information is sent to provide accurate risk level information to the decision-making subsystem.

[0156] (2) Pitch Angle Correlation Identification Subsystem

[0157] The function of the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle real-time correlation identification subsystem is similar to that of the azimuth correlation identification subsystem. It performs correlation analysis on the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle data during the satellite receiving station data reception time window.

[0158] When it is determined that the antenna azimuth angle data during the satellite receiving station data reception time window and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are outside the ±5° range, low ionospheric scintillation risk correlation information is sent; when it is within the ±5° range, high ionospheric scintillation protection risk correlation information is sent; when it is within the ±2° range, extremely high ionospheric scintillation protection risk correlation information is sent to provide the decision-making subsystem with risk level information in the pitch angle direction.

[0159] 4. Risk Index Identification Subsystem: Comprehensive Risk Level Determination

[0160] The ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem provides periodic ionospheric scintillation risk index identification for the ionospheric scintillation protection forecast and warning tasks of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations at the system level.

[0161] (1) Data acquisition and visualization

[0162] The satellite data ground receiving station ionospheric scintillation index matching data sent by the satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem provides operators with visual ionospheric scintillation index information data matched by multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, making it convenient for operators to intuitively understand the ionospheric scintillation situation.

[0163] (2) Risk level determination

[0164] Identify the ionospheric scintillation risk index levels of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations within 4 hours: When the satellite data ground receiving station matches the ionospheric scintillation risk index of 0.39 or below, it is judged as extremely low risk, and extremely low risk data information and a no-attention prompt are sent to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem; when the index is between 0.40-0.59, it is judged as low risk, and low risk data information and attention-required information prompts are sent; when the index is between 0.60-0.79, it is judged as high risk, and high risk data information and significant information prompts are sent; when the index is between 0.80-1.00, it is judged as extremely high risk, and extremely high risk data information and warning information prompts are sent.

[0165] (3) Intelligent adjustment of working status

[0166] The inspection cycle is intelligently adjusted based on the ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system operating status data generated by the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem. Under normal operating conditions, the multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level is determined and reported in a 5-minute cycle. Under early warning operating conditions, the cycle is shortened to 2 minutes, and under intelligent protection operating conditions, it is further shortened to 1 minute, ensuring timely and accurate risk index determination at different risk levels.

[0167] 5. Intelligent Decision-making Subsystem: Dynamic Decision-making on Protection Strategies

[0168] The ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem is the core decision-making unit of the entire protection system. It receives ionospheric scintillation risk correlation information from the satellite receiving station antenna pitch angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna pitch angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem, satellite star mark, receiving station number, data reception time and other data distributed by the satellite data ground receiving station ionospheric scintillation protection demand real-time intelligent perception subsystem, and ionospheric scintillation risk judgment results from the ionospheric scintillation risk index judgment subsystem, and makes intelligent decisions.

[0169] (1) Comprehensive analysis and status assessment

[0170] Intelligent comprehensive analysis of the real-time correlation information between the azimuth and elevation angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk index:

[0171] When the real-time correlation information between the antenna azimuth and elevation angles and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles is low, and the ionospheric scintillation risk is low, the ionospheric scintillation risk of the decision-making satellite receiving station is low, and the command and dispatch ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in normal working state, reporting the ionospheric scintillation interference risk information of the satellite receiving station every 5 minutes.

[0172] When the correlation information is high correlation or extremely high correlation, or the ionospheric scintillation risk index is significant or warning, the ionospheric scintillation risk of the decision-making satellite receiving station is high, the command and dispatch is in the warning working state, and the warning information is reported every 2 minutes.

[0173] When the correlation information is extremely high and the ionospheric scintillation risk index is a warning, the ionospheric scintillation risk of the decision-making satellite receiving station is extremely high, the command and dispatch is in the intelligent protection working state, and the warning information is reported every 1 minute.

[0174] 6. Integrated Protection Subsystem: Precise Implementation of Protection Measures

[0175] When the ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in the intelligent protection working state, the ionospheric scintillation integrated protection subsystem undertakes the important task of intelligently commanding and dispatching satellite ground stations to perform ionospheric scintillation protection.

[0176] (1) Data analysis and satellite type identification

[0177] Intelligently analyze the ionospheric scintillation protection requirements of satellite data ground receiving stations. The real-time intelligent perception subsystem sends satellite beacon data, satellite ground receiving station ID, data reception start and end times, and geographic longitude and latitude data. Based on the satellite beacon data FY-X1X2, where even numbers indicate high-orbit satellites and odd numbers indicate low-orbit satellites, the system intelligently identifies the satellite's high or low orbit type and determines the idle time slots for satellite data reception at each satellite receiving station.

[0178] (2) Differentiated protection measures

[0179] Low-Earth Orbit Satellite Protection: To address the near-Earth orbital motion characteristics of low-Earth-orbit satellites and the antenna angle and geographic location limitations of each satellite data ground receiving station, a frequency switching method is implemented for satellite data ground receiving stations. This method automatically switches satellite data ground receiving stations from low-frequency bands (such as the L-band) to high-frequency bands (such as the Ku-band and Ka-band) for data reception. Although high-frequency bands experience greater signal propagation losses, they are less affected by ionospheric scintillation. By comprehensively considering factors such as communication distance and transmit power, service continuity is achieved, providing comprehensive protection against ionospheric scintillation.

[0180] High-orbit satellite protection: Due to the stationary motion characteristics of high-orbit satellite sub-satellite points relative to the Earth, as well as the antenna angle and geographic location restrictions of each satellite data ground receiving station, a primary-backup station switching method for satellite data ground receiving stations is adopted. The ionospheric scintillation risk and satellite data reception window of the satellite data ground receiving backup station are identified. If the backup station is determined to meet the data reception conditions for the affected low-orbit satellite, the satellite data ground receiving primary station affected by ionospheric scintillation will be suspended from receiving low-orbit satellite data, and the satellite data ground receiving backup station will be automatically activated for data reception. Because the location of the high-orbit satellite sub-satellite point is relatively fixed, the geographic location restrictions on the ground receiving station are relatively low. This redundant design ensures secure and continuous communications, achieves business continuity, and completes comprehensive protection against ionospheric scintillation.

[0181] (3) Basis for implementation of measures

[0182] For satellite communication systems, the proper selection of communication frequency bands can mitigate the impact of ionospheric scintillation. High-frequency bands are less affected than low-frequency bands. However, due to the real-time position of the satellite orbit and the geographic location of the ground receiving station, switching frequency bands for the satellite receiving master station is suitable for low-orbit satellites, where the data transmission distance between the satellite and the ground is short. Redundant designs, such as backup communication links, can be switched to the backup link when the primary link is severely affected. Switching between the primary and backup satellite receiving stations is mainly suitable for high-orbit satellites, as they are limited by the significant signal transmission loss caused by the long data transmission distance between the satellite and the ground, and the geographical location of the ground receiving station is relatively relaxed.

[0183] Through the close collaboration of the above subsystems, from data acquisition, matching, correlation identification, risk index determination, intelligent decision-making to the final implementation of protective measures, a complete ionospheric scintillation interference protection system has been formed, which can effectively predict and proactively avoid ionospheric scintillation interference, and ensure the normal communication and data reception of satellite ground receiving stations.

[0184] It should be noted that this system is a system corresponding to the above method, and all implementation methods in the above method embodiment are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0185] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device comprising: a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs the above-described method. All implementations in the above-described method embodiments are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

Claims

1. A method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception by meteorological satellites, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step S1: acquiring satellite receiving task schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations in real time; Step S2: matching the satellite receiving mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and outputting matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data; Step S3: performing real-time correlation analysis on the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index, elevation and azimuth data, and generating risk warning information of different levels based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk; Step S4: making an intelligent decision based on the risk warning information, and intelligently adjusting the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle according to the intelligent decision; Step S5: In the intelligent protection working state, the intelligent command and dispatch satellite ground station performs ionospheric scintillation protection.

2. The method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1: Real-time acquisition of satellite receiving mission schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, including: Step S11: obtaining satellite receiving task schedule data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations through the satellite meteorological center business network, including satellite star data, satellite ground receiving station number data, data reception start time and end time; Step S12: Acquire geographic information data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations, including longitude and latitude data, and intelligently analyze the antenna elevation angle and azimuth of each receiving station to provide a corresponding relationship between the elevation angle and azimuth of the receiving station and the nearby ionospheric scintillation observation station; Step S13: obtaining ionospheric scintillation index data in real time from the Space Weather Center, including minute-level time data, longitude data, latitude data, and corresponding ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation angle and azimuth angle matching data; Step S14: Performing second-level intelligent matching on the satellite receiving mission schedule, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data to generate real-time ionospheric scintillation data of the multi-station space environment.

3. The method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S2: Matching the satellite receiving mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and outputting matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data, including: Step S21: Based on the satellite reception mission time window, the data reception start time and end time of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations are intelligently matched at the second level to extract the real-time ionospheric scintillation index data of the time window corresponding to each receiving station; Step S22: intelligently matching the corresponding relationship between the elevation angle and azimuth angle of each satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index based on the longitude and latitude information in the geographic information data, and generating geographic information association data between the satellite receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index; Step S23: In combination with the time window period and geographic information associated data, parse and output the satellite receiving station antenna's elevation angle prediction value and azimuth angle prediction value during the data reception time window period, as well as the corresponding ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation angle matching data and azimuth angle matching data.

4. The method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S22: Based on the longitude and latitude information in the geographic information data, intelligently matching the corresponding relationship between the elevation angle and azimuth angle of each satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index, and generating the satellite receiving station and ionospheric scintillation index geographic information association data, including: Step S221: performing dynamic range matching based on the longitude data of the satellite data ground receiving station and the longitude data of the ionospheric scintillation index to determine whether the pitch angle deviation between the receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation area is within a preset error range; Step S222: performing dynamic range matching based on the latitude data of the satellite data ground receiving station and the latitude data of the ionospheric scintillation index to determine whether the azimuth deviation between the receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation area is within a preset error range; Step S223: If the longitude deviation and the latitude deviation are both within the error range, geographic information association data of the satellite receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index is generated, including the receiving station number, the matching scintillation index longitude and latitude range, and the matching timestamp.

5. The method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S3: Perform real-time correlation analysis on the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index elevation and azimuth data. Risk warning information of different levels is generated based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk, including: During the satellite receiving station data reception time window, the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle data are correlated and analyzed to identify the system status for real-time early warning or alarm. The satellite receiving station antenna elevation angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation identification subsystem performs correlation analysis on the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle data during the satellite receiving station data reception time window, and performs real-time early warning or alarm status identification; When the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem judges that the antenna azimuth angle data and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are outside the ±5° range during the satellite receiving station data reception time window, the satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem sends ionospheric scintillation risk low correlation information to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem; The satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem sends ionospheric scintillation risk high correlation information to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem when judging that the antenna azimuth angle data of the satellite receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are within the range of ±5° during the satellite receiving time window. The satellite receiving station antenna azimuth angle and ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle real-time correlation judgment subsystem sends ionospheric scintillation risk extremely high correlation information to the ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem when it is judged that the antenna azimuth angle data of the satellite receiving station during the data receiving time window and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna azimuth angle matching data are within the range of ±2°.

6. The method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S4: Based on the risk warning information, make intelligent decisions, including: The ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem receives the ionospheric scintillation risk correlation information sent by the real-time correlation identification subsystem of the satellite receiving station antenna elevation angle and the ionospheric scintillation index antenna elevation angle; the satellite data ground receiving station ionospheric scintillation protection demand real-time intelligent perception subsystem distributes the satellite beacon data, satellite ground receiving station number data, satellite data ground receiving station data reception start time data, satellite data ground receiving station data reception end time data, and the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem to make intelligent decisions; The ionospheric scintillation protection intelligent decision-making subsystem intelligently and comprehensively analyzes the real-time correlation information between the azimuth and elevation angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk index. When the real-time correlation information between the azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles is low, and the ionospheric scintillation risk is low, it is decided that the ionospheric scintillation risk of the satellite receiving station is low, and the command and dispatch ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in normal working state, and reports the ionospheric scintillation interference risk information of the satellite receiving station every 5 minutes. When the real-time correlation information between the azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles is high or extremely high, or the ionospheric scintillation risk index is significant or warning, it is decided that the ionospheric scintillation risk of the satellite receiving station is high, and the command and dispatch ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in warning working state, and reports the ionospheric scintillation interference risk warning information of the satellite receiving station every 2 minutes. When the real-time correlation information of the antenna azimuth and elevation angles and the ionospheric scintillation index azimuth and elevation angles is extremely highly correlated, and the ionospheric scintillation risk index is a warning, it is determined that the ionospheric scintillation risk of the satellite receiving station is extremely high, and the command and dispatch ionospheric scintillation intelligent protection system is in the intelligent protection working state, reporting the ionospheric scintillation interference risk warning information of the satellite receiving station every 1 minute.

7. The method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception according to claim 6, characterized in that: Based on intelligent decision-making, the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle is intelligently adjusted, including: The ionospheric scintillation index matching data of the satellite data ground receiving station sent by the satellite data ground receiving station and the ionospheric scintillation index information matching subsystem provides the operation personnel with the ionospheric scintillation index information data matched by multiple satellite data ground receiving stations; Identify the ionospheric scintillation risk index level of ground receiving stations for multiple satellite data within 4 hours, and provide operators with the results of surface charging determination of low-energy particles in multi-satellite space environments; In the normal working state, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 5 minutes, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt; in the early warning working state, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 2 minutes, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt; in the intelligent protection working state, the intelligent adjustment ionospheric scintillation risk index identification subsystem performs multi-station ionospheric scintillation risk index level judgment with a period of 1 minute, and reports the ionospheric scintillation risk level data information of the satellite data ground receiving station, as well as the ionospheric scintillation risk level information prompt.

8. The method for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in meteorological satellite ground data reception according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S5: In the intelligent protection working state, the intelligent command and dispatch satellite ground station performs ionospheric scintillation protection, including: Intelligently analyze the ionospheric scintillation protection requirements of the satellite data ground receiving station, including the satellite star mark data sent by the real-time intelligent perception subsystem, the satellite ground receiving station number data, the satellite data ground receiving station data reception start time data, the satellite data ground receiving station data reception end time data, the satellite data ground receiving station geographic information longitude data, the satellite data ground receiving station geographic information latitude data, determine whether the satellite is a high-orbit satellite or a low-orbit satellite, and intelligently determine the idle time period for satellite data reception at each satellite receiving station; In view of the low-Earth orbit motion characteristics of low-orbit satellites and the antenna angle and geographical location restrictions of each satellite data ground receiving station, the satellite data ground receiving station frequency switching method is adopted. The ionospheric scintillation comprehensive protection subsystem automatically starts the satellite data ground receiving station to switch from the low frequency band to the high frequency band to receive data relative to the low frequency band, thereby completing the ionospheric scintillation comprehensive protection.

9. A system for protecting against ionospheric scintillation interference in ground data reception by meteorological satellites, the system implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to obtain satellite receiving mission schedules, geographic information data, and ionospheric scintillation index data of multiple satellite data ground receiving stations in real time; A matching module is used to match the satellite reception mission schedule with the ionospheric scintillation index data in terms of time and geographic information, and output matched antenna pitch angle, azimuth angle data and ionospheric scintillation index matching data; The early warning module is used to perform real-time correlation analysis between the elevation and azimuth data of the satellite receiving station antenna and the matched ionospheric scintillation index elevation and azimuth data, and generate risk warning information of different levels based on the correlation between the elevation and azimuth angles of the satellite receiving station antenna and the ionospheric scintillation index risk; An adjustment module is used to make intelligent decisions based on the risk warning information, and intelligently adjust the ionospheric scintillation risk index identification inspection cycle according to the intelligent decisions; The switching module is used to intelligently command and dispatch the satellite ground station to perform ionospheric scintillation protection when the intelligent protection is in working state.

10. A computing device, characterized in that include: one or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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