Multi-park power-carbon cooperative scheduling strategy considering power generation side life cycle carbon emission

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-park power-carbon cooperative scheduling strategy considering power generation side life cycle carbon emission. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring related data information in a multi-industrial park system, and constructing a life cycle carbon emission accounting model of a thermal power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system; a carbon compensation mechanism is provided, the carbon emission reduction characteristic of the photovoltaic power generation system is used for counteracting the life cycle carbon emission of the photovoltaic power generation system in the production, construction and decommissioning stages, and the interior of the life cycle carbon emission responsibility of the photovoltaic power generation system is promoted; an upper-layer model is mainly combined with a carbon compensation mechanism to solve a scheduling strategy of a power distribution network and calculate node carbon intensity, and a lower-layer model is used for calculating node carbon intensity on the basis of dynamic carbon emission factors calculated by the upper-layer model. And performing low-carbon economic dispatching by taking the lowest operating cost and carbon trading cost of the park as a target, solving an optimal production and power-carbon trading strategy of the industrial park through double-layer model iteration, and processing an oscillation phenomenon by adopting a heuristic method based on a bisection method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon economic dispatching of industrial parks, and in particular to a low-carbon economic dispatching method for multiple industrial parks that takes into account a method for allocating and offsetting carbon emissions throughout the life cycle of power generation and an electricity-carbon trading mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Industrial parks, as key vehicles for industrial production, are major sources of carbon emissions and energy consumers, necessitating the urgent need for new low-carbon energy solutions. Electricity-carbon trading, as a market mechanism, can effectively regulate and optimize carbon emissions within the manufacturing sector through market-based means. Through electricity-carbon trading, industrial parks can meet their electricity needs while offsetting excess emissions by purchasing carbon emission rights or generating revenue from selling carbon emission rights. This mechanism can both incentivize businesses to proactively reduce emissions and promote the optimal allocation of energy resources, thereby achieving sustainable economic, environmental, and social development. However, existing electricity-carbon market mechanisms often focus on the direct carbon emissions of generators during their operation, overlooking the implicit carbon footprint of the power system throughout its lifecycle. For example, while new energy generators are considered "zero-carbon" during their operation, significant carbon emissions are still generated during equipment manufacturing, construction, and maintenance. Using operational carbon emissions as the sole basis for electricity-carbon market trading will lead to certain limitations in the current coordinated optimization of electricity and carbon emissions. On the one hand, the market's perception of new energy as "zero-carbon" may obscure the true environmental impact of its upstream supply chain, undermining the fairness of carbon responsibility sharing. On the other hand, if low-carbon dispatch decisions for industrial parks rely solely on carbon intensity indicators during the operational phase, it will be difficult to achieve the overall carbon reduction goals of the power system "from source to terminal." Therefore, incorporating the full lifecycle carbon emissions of power generation into the electricity-carbon coordinated optimization framework has become a key path to resolving this contradiction and promoting the low-carbon transformation of the new power system.

[0003] Existing research has mostly focused on integrated energy systems, focusing on their low-carbon operation and electricity-carbon trading. However, relatively few studies have examined park-level systems that integrate integrated energy systems with industrial systems. Furthermore, research on energy system scheduling optimization that considers the lifecycle carbon emissions of power generation entities has not fully incorporated the characteristics of these entities to rationally allocate carbon emission responsibilities and develop appropriate accountability mechanisms. Furthermore, in existing multi-industrial park electricity-carbon trading, the carbon emissions associated with purchasing electricity from external grids are difficult to accurately estimate. Most methods rely on coefficients such as carbon emission factors, which can lead to significant discrepancies with actual carbon emissions. This poses a significant challenge to the accuracy of electricity-carbon trading and hinders the scientific guidance of industrial parks in reducing carbon emissions. Therefore, a power-carbon linkage mechanism is constructed from a lifecycle perspective. Based on the characteristics of power generation entities and combined with carbon emission flow theory, this mechanism can quantify and allocate lifecycle carbon emissions on the power generation side. This approach provides decision support for the coordinated scheduling of multi-industrial parks that balances full-chain carbon accounting and economic feasibility.

[0004] North China Electric Power University, State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Company, Qinghai University, et al. A multi-objective scheduling model configuration method for industrial parks based on a green electricity trading mechanism: CN202311188975.7[P]. 2023-12-19. This patent provides a multi-objective scheduling model configuration method for industrial parks based on a green electricity trading mechanism. By introducing a green electricity trading mechanism and a tiered carbon emissions trading mechanism, low-carbon economic scheduling of the industrial park's integrated energy system is achieved with the goal of minimizing economic costs and actual carbon emissions. However, this method fails to consider the lifecycle carbon emissions of various entities in the industrial park within the scheduling model, achieving only the lowest carbon emissions scheduling goal during the industrial park's operation phase. It also ignores the potential carbon emissions of new energy power generation systems and fails to clarify and allocate carbon emission responsibilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy that takes into account the lifecycle carbon emissions on the power generation side, which is used to solve the technical problems that the existing technology ignores the lifecycle carbon emissions on the power generation side and the difficulty in accurately measuring the comprehensive impact of the carbon emissions of electricity purchasers on park scheduling, resulting in unreasonable carbon emission responsibility sharing and inaccurate carbon accounting.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by at least one of the following technical solutions.

[0007] The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated dispatch strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Obtain the lifecycle carbon emissions of thermal power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems in multiple industrial park systems during the production, construction, operation, and decommissioning stages, and construct a lifecycle carbon emission accounting model for thermal power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems during the non-operational and operational stages;

[0009] S2. Based on the carbon emission reduction characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system itself, its life cycle carbon emissions during the non-operational phase are offset. The proportion of photovoltaic power generation system power generation participating in green electricity trading is dynamically adjusted according to the completion of the offset target, thus establishing a "carbon offset" mechanism;

[0010] S3. Use smart meters and carbon emission meters to obtain data on historical electricity purchases, distributed photovoltaic forecast output, and fossil energy carbon emissions from each industrial park. Based on the "carbon offset" mechanism and carbon emission flow theory, and based on the electricity purchase data reported by each industrial park, construct an upper-layer distribution network optimization scheduling model in the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks. Solve the distribution network optimization scheduling strategy to obtain the distribution network power flow distribution. Further calculate the distribution network carbon emission flow model to obtain different dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission factors corresponding to multiple industrial parks.

[0011] S4. Based on the dynamic carbon emission factors of electricity purchases of each industrial park, a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced to minimize the operating costs and carbon trading costs of the industrial park, and a low-carbon economic scheduling model for the lower industrial park in the two-tier low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks is constructed;

[0012] S5. By iteratively solving the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks, the electricity purchase amount and dynamic carbon emission factor of each industrial park are alternately updated to obtain the optimal production strategy and electricity-carbon trading strategy of each industrial park, and the oscillation phenomenon is handled based on the heuristic method of dichotomy.

[0013] The life cycle carbon emission accounting model of the thermal power generation system in the production, construction and decommissioning non-operation phase and the operation phase is expressed as:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, formula (1) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; formula (2) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the b-th gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the carbon emission of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operational period; U coal The total number of activities involved in accounting during the production phase of the coal-fired power generation system, including raw material acquisition and equipment production; U gas The total number of activities involved in accounting during the production phase of a gas-fired power generation system, including raw material acquisition and equipment production; Represents the emission coefficients for each activity within the production phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients for each activity within the production phase of a gas-fired power generation system; A measure representing the production activity of a coal-fired power generation system, including the amount of material and energy consumed; A measure representing the production activity of a gas-fired power generation system, including consumables usage and energy consumption; V coal The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the construction phase of the coal-fired power generation system, including power equipment deployment and power station construction; V gas The total number of activities included in the accounting during the construction phase of the gas-fired power generation system, including power equipment deployment and power station construction; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase of the gas-fired power generation system; a metric representing construction activity on coal-fired power generation systems; A metric representing construction activity of gas-fired power generation systems; W coalW is the total number of activities involved in the decommissioning phase of coal-fired power generation systems, including equipment dismantling and waste disposal; gas The total number of activities involved in the decommissioning phase of a gas-fired power generation system, including equipment dismantling and waste disposal; is the emission coefficient for each activity during the decommissioning phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Emission factors representing the activities during the decommissioning phase; a metric representing decommissioning activities on coal-fired power generation systems; represents the metric for gas-fired power generation system retirement activities; Equation (3) calculates the carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the operation phase in the t-th period; Equation (4) calculates the carbon emissions of the b-th gas-fired power generation system during the operation phase in the t-th period; is the carbon emission of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the operation phase of the t-th period; is the carbon emissions of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the operation phase of the tth period; S coal The total number of activities involved in accounting in the upstream coal production stage, usually involving mining, coal washing and transportation activities; gas The total number of activities accounted for in the upstream production stage of natural gas, typically involving extraction, purification, and transportation; is the carbon emission coefficient of each upstream production link per unit mass of coal; is the carbon emission coefficient of each upstream production link per unit volume of natural gas; μ coal is the carbon emission coefficient per unit mass of coal combustion; μ gas is the carbon emission coefficient per unit volume of natural gas combustion; is the coal consumption and natural gas consumption of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the coal consumption and natural gas consumption of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; Equation (5) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation period; Equation (6) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the non-operation period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the annual power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; is the annual power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system; is the design life of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; is the design life of the bth gas-fired power generation system; Equation (7) calculates the carbon emission factor of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the tth period; Equation (8) calculates the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system operation stage in the t-th period; is the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the power generation of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period.

[0016] The life cycle carbon emission accounting model of the photovoltaic power generation system during the production, construction and decommissioning non-operational stages is expressed as:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, formula (9) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the non-operation stage; formula (10) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the non-operation stage; is the life cycle carbon emission of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; U PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the production phase of the photovoltaic power generation system, including silicon raw material acquisition and processing, and photovoltaic cell production; Represents the emission factors for each activity within the production stage; Represents the measurement of production activities, including material consumption and energy consumption; V PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the construction phase of the photovoltaic power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase, including photovoltaic cell installation and power station construction; represents the measure of construction activity; W PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the decommissioning phase of the photovoltaic power generation system; Emission factors representing the activities during the decommissioning phase; A measure representing decommissioning activities, including equipment removal and waste disposal; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the annual power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system; is the design life of the cth photovoltaic power generation system.

[0019] The “carbon offset” mechanism is expressed as:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, formula (11) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (12) calculates the green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in the green electricity transaction in the t-th period; formula (13) calculates the active power injected into the distribution network by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (14) is the constraint on the green electricity sold by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (15) calculates the carbon emission reduction generated by the green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in the transaction after being freely absorbed by the distribution network in the t-th period; formula (16) calculates the carbon emissions of the multi-industrial park benchmark system without the new energy power generation system; formula (17) calculates the carbon emissions of the multi-industrial park system with the new energy power generation system under the same load as the benchmark system; formula (18) is the dynamic adjustment of the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in the green electricity transaction in the t-1 period to the total power generation of the system under different performance conditions; is the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated for the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period; is the amount of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-th period; is the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-th period to the total power generation of the system; The active power injected into the distribution grid by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the amount of green electricity sold by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the carbon emission reduction generated by the green electricity of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system that does not participate in the transaction being freely consumed by the distribution network in the t-th period; The carbon emissions of the benchmark system of multiple industrial parks without new energy power generation systems; The carbon emissions of a multi-industrial park system equipped with renewable energy power generation systems under the same load as the benchmark system; A is the total amount of coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; B is the total amount of gas-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; C is the total amount of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network system; is the power generation of the coal-fired power generation system in the benchmark system; is the power generation of the gas-fired power generation system in the benchmark system; is the power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system operation stage in the t-th period; is the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-1 period to the total power generation of the system; The carbon emission reduction generated by the non-traded green electricity of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in period t-1 after being freely consumed by the distribution network; and are the incentive coefficient and the penalty coefficient respectively; is the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated for the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-1th period.

[0022] The multi-industrial park two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model includes an upper-layer distribution network optimization scheduling model, a distribution network carbon emission flow model, a stepped carbon trading model and a lower-layer industrial park low-carbon economic scheduling model.

[0023] The upper distribution network optimization dispatch model is expressed as:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] Among them, equations (19) and (20) are the objective functions of the distribution network optimization scheduling model; equation (21) calculates the carbon trading cost of the distribution network, equation (22) calculates the carbon trading cost of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; equation (23) calculates the carbon trading cost of the b-th gas-fired power generation system; equation (24) is the system power balance constraint; equation (25) is the generator output constraint; equation (26) is the line power constraint; C dist The operating cost of the distribution network; is the power generation cost of the distribution network; a i is the quadratic cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system, b i is the primary cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system, c i is the constant cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system; is the power generation of the i-th power generation system; is the carbon trading cost of the distribution network; Carbon trading costs for coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network; is the carbon trading cost of the gas-fired power generation system in the distribution network; A is the total number of coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; B is the total number of gas-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; λ is the carbon trading base price; α is the price growth rate; d is the length of the carbon trading interval; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; Inject active power into the power generation system of the ith node in the tth period. If there is a jth power generation system connected to the ith node, then otherwise The calculation method is shown in formula (27); is the active load of the ith node in the tth period; is the line active power injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; is the active power of the line flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period (kW); is the upper limit of the active power output of the i-th power generation system, P i g is the lower limit of the active power output of the i-th power generation system; is the upper limit of the active power of the i-th line, P i line is the lower limit of the active power of the i-th line; T is the number of time periods, n g is the total number of power generation systems, n b is the number of nodes, n line is the number of lines.

[0027] The carbon emission flow model of the distribution network is expressed as:

[0028]

[0029] Wherein, formula (28) is the calculation formula for the carbon potential of the ith node in the tth period; formula (29) is the calculation formula for the carbon flow density of the branch flowing from the ith node to the kth node in the tth period. The carbon flow density of the tidal current flowing out of the node is equal to the carbon potential of the node; e i,t is the carbon potential of the ith node in the tth period; Inject active power into the generator of the ith node in the tth period. If there is a jth generator connected to the ith node, then otherwise is the carbon emission intensity of the generator at the i-th node in the t-th period; is the line active power injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; is the branch carbon flow density injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; n b are the number of nodes respectively; is the carbon flow density of the branch flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period.

[0030] In order to facilitate the calculation of the nodal carbon potential, the matrix form shown in Equations (30)-(34) is used:

[0031]

[0032] P N,t =diag(ξP Z,t )(31)

[0033] P Z,t =(P B,t P G,t ) T (32)

[0034]

[0035] Among them, E N,t is n in the tth period b dimensional node carbon potential column vector; P N,t is n in the tth period b The diagonal matrix of active flux of order nodes; P B,t is n in the tth period b The power distribution matrix of the branch is: if the active power of the line flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period is is greater than zero, then Otherwise P Bik,t =0;P G,t is n in the tth period g ×n b The order unit injection distribution matrix, if the i-th generator is connected to the j-th node, then Otherwise P Gij,t =0;E G,t is n in the tth period g dimensional column vector of carbon emission intensity of power generation units; P Z,t for (n b +n g )×n b Order auxiliary matrix; ξ is n b +n g dimension is a row vector; diag(v) is a diagonal matrix with the elements of the constructed vector v on the main diagonal. The node carbon potential vector E of the tth period is obtained N,t After that, the carbon potential corresponding to the node of each industrial park connected to the distribution network is i,t That is, the different dynamic carbon emission factors of electricity purchases by each industrial park.

[0036] Under the "carbon offset" mechanism and green electricity trading mechanism, the present invention splits and analyzes the natural flow distribution and green electricity trading behavior, that is, the untraded green electricity participates in the flow calculation, and the traded green electricity is directly used to meet the buyer's load demand and does not participate in the flow calculation. At the same time, taking into account the principle of conservation of total carbon emissions, when the industrial park in the system purchases green electricity from the photovoltaic power generation system to offset its own carbon emissions, its carbon emission responsibility will not disappear out of thin air, but will be transferred to the photovoltaic power generation system and further transmitted and distributed to other users within the system through the carbon emission flow. Specifically, when a photovoltaic power generation system is set up in the system but there is no green electricity trading, the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is absorbed by the distribution network and naturally flows to each load in the distribution network system. At this time, the dynamic carbon emission factor of the node where each industrial park is located is determined by the carbon flow calculation, and the electricity purchase carbon emissions generated by the industrial park's electricity purchase behavior are obtained in combination with the amount of electricity purchased by the industrial park from the distribution network. Under green electricity trading, when an industrial park purchases green electricity from a photovoltaic power generation system, part of the load is directly met by the purchased green electricity, thereby reducing the amount of electricity the industrial park purchases from the distribution network, and further reducing the industrial park's carbon emissions from electricity purchases. The reduced carbon emissions are transferred to the photovoltaic power generation system as carbon emission responsibility. That is, when the photovoltaic power generation system sells green electricity, the photovoltaic power generation system's carbon emission intensity will no longer be 0, but needs to be adjusted according to the transferred carbon emissions and the active power injected into the system by the photovoltaic power generation system to ensure the conservation and rationality of the system's carbon emissions.

[0037]

[0038] Among them, formula (35) calculates the carbon emission transfer amount generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; formula (36) calculates the equivalent carbon emission factor of the carbon emission transfer amount generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; is the carbon emission transfer generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; n p is the total number of industrial parks; is the amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the dynamic carbon emission factor of the node where the i-th industrial park is located in the t-th period when there is no green electricity trading; is the carbon emission intensity of power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period; The active power injected into the distribution grid by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period.

[0039] The tiered carbon trading model is expressed as:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Among them, formula (37) calculates the total carbon emission quota of the i-th industrial park; formula (38) calculates the total actual carbon emissions of the i-th industrial park; formula (39) calculates the carbon emissions generated by the high-temperature decomposition of carbonates during the cement raw material calcination process of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; formula (40) calculates the carbon emissions released by fuel combustion during the cement raw material calcination process of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; formula (41) calculates the carbon emission rights trading amount actually traded by the i-th industrial park in the carbon trading market; formula (42) is the ladder carbon trading calculation formula; i∈{1,2,…,n p}, n p is the number of industrial parks; n ce is the total number of cement plants in a certain industrial park; is the carbon emission quota of the i-th industrial park; r e A carbon emissions benchmark for electricity purchases; for cement clinker production at the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the carbon emission benchmark of cement grinding of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; The amount of electricity purchased from the upper-level distribution network by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the clinker output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the actual carbon emissions of the ith industrial park; e i,t is the dynamic carbon emission factor of electricity purchase of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; is the carbon emission generated by the high-temperature decomposition of carbonates during the cement raw meal calcination process in the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; is the carbon emission released by fuel combustion during the cement raw meal calcination process in the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; F cc is the carbon emission factor of raw meal decomposition during clinker production; ρ represents the molecular weight ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon, i.e. 44 / 12; Q coal is the calorific value of ordinary coal, which is 2.149×10-2TJ / t; U coal is the carbon content per unit calorific value of coal, which is taken as 26.24tC / TJ; σ coal is the carbon oxidation rate of coal, which is taken as 93%; Q gas is the calorific value of natural gas, which is 3.559×10-5TJ / m 3 ;U gas is the carbon content per unit calorific value of natural gas, which is 15.3tC / TJ; σ gas is the carbon oxidation rate of coal, which is taken as 99%; T itotal is the carbon emission rights trading amount actually traded by the i-th industrial park in the carbon trading market; is the tiered carbon trading cost; λ is the carbon trading base price; and α is the price growth rate.

[0043] The objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the lower-level industrial park is expressed as:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Wherein, formula (43) is the objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of industrial parks; formula (44) calculates the electricity purchase cost of the i-th industrial park; formula (45) calculates the green electricity transaction cost of the i-th industrial park; formula (46) calculates the cement production and operation cost of the i-th industrial park; i∈{1,2,…,n p}, n p is the number of industrial parks; T is the number of time periods; C is the total number of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network; C sum The total cost of low-carbon optimization scheduling for industrial parks; is the tiered carbon trading cost of the i-th industrial park; is the electricity purchase cost of the i-th industrial park; is the green electricity transaction cost of the i-th industrial park; is the cement production and operation cost of the i-th industrial park; is the time-of-use electricity price corresponding to the tth moment; is the amount of electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the upper-level distribution network in the t-th period; is the listed green electricity price of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system at the t-th moment; is the amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; c coal is the cost coefficient for purchasing coal; c gas is the cost coefficient for purchasing natural gas; c ma is the material cost coefficient of unit output of cement; is the amount of coal consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the amount of natural gas consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period.

[0047] The constraint conditions of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the lower-level industrial park are expressed as follows:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] Among them, formula (47) is the unit time output constraint and target output constraint of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (48) is the production constraint relationship between cement output and cement clinker output of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (49) is the heat balance constraint of cement clinker output and fuel consumption of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (50) is the constraint condition of coal consumption per unit time of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (51) is the constraint condition of natural gas consumption per unit time of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (52) is the production decision of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; Formula (53) is the electricity consumption constraint of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; Formula (54) is the output constraint and power purchase constraint of the distributed photovoltaic units in the industrial park; Formula (55) is the upper and lower limit constraints of the flexible load allowed to participate in the regulation in the industrial park per unit time; Formula (56) represents that the sum of the load transferred in and out of the industrial park participating in the demand response during the entire scheduling cycle is zero; Formula (57) calculates the load after participating in the demand response; Formula (58) calculates the total amount of green electricity purchased by the industrial park; Formula (59) is the power balance constraint of the industrial park's electric load; Formula (60) is the constraint condition for the green electricity purchase amount of the industrial park; where i∈{1,2,…,n p}, j∈{1,2,…,n ce}, k∈{1,2,…,n DPV}; T is the number of time periods; n p is the number of industrial parks; n ce is the total number of cement plants in a certain industrial park; n DPV is the total number of distributed photovoltaic power generation units in a certain industrial park; C is the total number of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the target cement production of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the maximum cement production of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in a period; is the clinker output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; η i,j,5 is the supply ratio of cement grinding of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park (i.e., the mass of raw materials required to produce a unit mass of products); is the amount of coal consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the amount of natural gas consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the standard coal consumption required for the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park to produce unit clinker; Q sce is the calorific value of standard coal, taking 2.931×10 -2 TJ / t;Q coal is the calorific value of ordinary coal, taking 2.149×10 -2 TJ / t;Q gas is the calorific value of natural gas, which is 3.559×10 -5 TJ / m 3 ; is the maximum coal consumption of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in a period of time; is the maximum natural gas consumption of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park during a period; is the operating status of the raw material crushing link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the raw material grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park at the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the clinker burning process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the cement grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park at the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; are the operating status of the fuel grinding production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; The electricity required for the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park to produce electricity in the t-th period; is the fixed load of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of raw material crushing production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the raw material grinding link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the clinker burning process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of cement grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the fuel grinding production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the amount of electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the upper-level distribution network in the t-th period; is the actual output of the kth distributed photovoltaic power generation unit in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the maximum predicted output of the kth distributed photovoltaic power generation unit in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; ω is the demand response correlation coefficient; is the flexible load of the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the shiftable electric load of the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; The electricity load of the i-th industrial park after participating in demand response in the t-th period is: A positive value indicates a transfer out of a translatable load, while a negative value indicates a transfer in of an electrical load; The green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the total amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period.

[0051] The multi-industrial park dual-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model repeatedly solves the upper-layer distribution network optimization scheduling model, the distribution network carbon emission flow model, and the industrial park low-carbon optimization scheduling model, alternately updates the electricity-carbon trading volume and the distribution network dynamic carbon emission factor of each industrial park, and collaboratively solves the optimal electricity-carbon trading volume of the industrial park in an iterative interaction. The iterative solution includes four steps expressed as follows:

[0052] Step 1: Initialize the operating parameters of the distribution network and industrial park, and set the number of iterations k iter =1;

[0053] Step 2: Based on the "carbon offset" mechanism, adjust the proportion of photovoltaic power generation system power generation allowed to participate in green electricity trading, solve the distribution network optimization scheduling model, calculate the carbon intensity of the distribution network nodes, and update the dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission coefficient of each park node;

[0054] Step 3: Solve the low-carbon optimization scheduling model of each industrial park based on the updated dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission coefficient and update the electricity-carbon trading volume of each industrial park;

[0055] Step 4: If the current power purchase amount of each industrial park is very small compared with the power purchase amount of the previous iteration, and the following convergence conditions are met or the maximum number of iterations is reached, then the solution is output; otherwise, k iter =k iter +1, and re-update the operating parameters of the distribution network and industrial park, and return to step 2:

[0056]

[0057] Wherein, Equation (61) is the iterative convergence criterion; i∈{1,2,…,n p};n p is the number of industrial parks; k iter is the number of iterations; For the kth iter-The amount of electricity purchased from the upper power grid by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by 1 iteration; For the kth iter The amount of electricity purchased from the upper power grid by the ith industrial park in the tth period obtained by the iterative solution; For the kth iter -The amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by 1 iteration; For the kth iter The amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by the iterative solution; is the maximum number of iterations; ε is the convergence criterion.

[0058] The method for dealing with the oscillation phenomenon in the process of solving the multi-industrial park double-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model is expressed as follows:

[0059] In the process of model solution, according to the industrial park's electricity purchase and green electricity purchase The difference between the results of two consecutive iterations is used to evaluate the convergence. When the oscillation judgment conditions of formulas (62)-(63) are met, the variable and Oscillation occurs.

[0060]

[0061] make:

[0062]

[0063] Add constraints in the next iteration and Perform a new round of iterative solution and adjust the constraints based on the new results:

[0064]

[0065] Repeat the above steps until the convergence condition is met or the maximum number of iterations is reached.

[0066] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0067] In the present invention, a multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the life cycle carbon emissions of the power generation side is proposed, including: obtaining the life cycle carbon emissions of the thermal power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system in the multi-industrial park system during the production, construction, operation and decommissioning stages, and constructing a life cycle carbon emission accounting model for the thermal power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation stage and the operation stage; based on the carbon emission reduction characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system itself, compensating its life cycle carbon emissions in the non-operation stage, and dynamically adjusting the proportion of the photovoltaic power generation system's power generation participating in the green electricity transaction according to the completion of the compensation target, and constructing a "carbon compensation" mechanism; obtaining the historical power purchase data, distributed photovoltaic predicted output, fossil energy carbon emissions and other data of each industrial park through smart meters, carbon emission meters, etc., and constructing a multi-industrial park system based on the power purchase data reported by each industrial park based on the "carbon compensation" mechanism and carbon emission flow theory. The upper-layer distribution network optimization scheduling model in the industrial park's two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model solves the distribution network optimization scheduling strategy to obtain the distribution network flow distribution, and further calculates the distribution network carbon emission flow model to obtain different dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission factors corresponding to multiple industrial parks; based on the dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission factors of each industrial park, a step-by-step carbon trading mechanism is introduced to minimize the operating costs and carbon trading costs of the industrial park, and a low-carbon economic scheduling model for the lower-layer industrial park in the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks is constructed; by iteratively solving the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks, the electricity purchase amount and the dynamic carbon emission factor of electricity purchase of each industrial park are alternately updated to obtain the optimal production strategy and electricity-carbon trading strategy for each industrial park, and a heuristic method based on dichotomy is used to deal with the oscillation phenomenon in the solution process of the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks.

[0068] This paper proposes a multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy that considers lifecycle carbon emissions from the power generation side. This strategy addresses the current limitations of the electricity-carbon market's understanding of the "zero carbon emissions" of new energy units and reveals the implicit carbon emissions of new energy power generation systems during the manufacturing, construction, and maintenance phases from a full lifecycle perspective. By incorporating the full lifecycle carbon emissions of thermal power and new energy units into the research scope, it innovatively proposes a "carbon offset" mechanism for new energy power generation systems. This aims to promote a shift in system sources and loads from a single power generation link to full lifecycle carbon responsibility, providing theoretical support for the improvement of electricity-carbon market rules. Based on carbon emission flow theory, a two-layered optimization scheduling framework for electricity-carbon coordination across multiple industrial parks is constructed. The upper-layer model calculates the carbon emission factors of distribution network nodes by solving a distribution network optimization scheduling strategy that incorporates a "carbon offset" mechanism. The lower-layer model, combined with the dynamic carbon emission factors output by the upper layer, formulates low-carbon production and electricity-carbon trading plans with the goal of synergistically minimizing park operating costs and carbon costs. Through a two-layer iterative solution and an oscillation suppression strategy based on a dichotomy method, a balance between system economic efficiency and low carbon performance is achieved. Simulation results verify its dual advantages in environmental and economic benefits. Therefore, through mechanism design and method innovation, the present invention provides a quantifiable and operational solution for the coordinated management of electricity and carbon in industrial parks. It can solve the technical problems in the scheduling problem of industrial parks, such as the existing technology ignores the life cycle carbon emissions of new energy power generation systems in the non-operating stage, and fails to fully combine the characteristics of power generation entities to reasonably allocate carbon emission responsibilities and formulate a reasonable responsibility mechanism, and the carbon emissions brought about by industrial parks purchasing electricity from external power grids are difficult to accurately measure. It has reference significance for promoting the precise allocation of carbon responsibilities and low-carbon transformation in the context of new power systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 A flow chart of a multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering lifecycle carbon emissions on the power generation side, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the target system for a multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy that considers lifecycle carbon emissions on the power generation side, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the carbon emission intensity of nodes of the target system under different experimental scenarios provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating changes in the green electricity trading ratio allowed for the target system under the "carbon offset" mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the electricity purchase amount of each industrial park under the "carbon offset" mechanism of the target system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the power generation and power sales of a photovoltaic power generation system of a target system under the "carbon offset" mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] Example:

[0077] For ease of understanding, Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side provided by the present invention includes:

[0078] S1. Obtain the life cycle carbon emissions of thermal power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems in the multi-industrial park system during the production, construction, operation and decommissioning stages, and construct a life cycle carbon emission accounting model for thermal power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems during the non-operation and operation stages.

[0079] The life cycle carbon emission accounting model of thermal power generation system in the production, construction and decommissioning non-operation stage and operation stage is expressed as:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, formula (1) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; formula (2) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the b-th gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the carbon emission of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operational period; U coal The total number of activities involved in accounting during the production phase of the coal-fired power generation system, including raw material acquisition and equipment production; U gas The total number of activities involved in accounting during the production phase of a gas-fired power generation system, including raw material acquisition and equipment production; Represents the emission coefficients for each activity within the production phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients for each activity within the production phase of a gas-fired power generation system; A measure representing the production activity of a coal-fired power generation system, including the amount of material and energy consumed; A measure representing the production activity of a gas-fired power generation system, including consumables usage and energy consumption; V coal The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the construction phase of the coal-fired power generation system, including power equipment deployment and power station construction; V gas The total number of activities included in the accounting during the construction phase of the gas-fired power generation system, including power equipment deployment and power station construction; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase of the gas-fired power generation system; a metric representing construction activity on coal-fired power generation systems; A metric representing construction activity of gas-fired power generation systems; W coal W is the total number of activities involved in the decommissioning phase of coal-fired power generation systems, including equipment dismantling and waste disposal; gas The total number of activities involved in the decommissioning phase of a gas-fired power generation system, including equipment dismantling and waste disposal; is the emission coefficient for each activity during the decommissioning phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Emission factors representing the activities during the decommissioning phase; a metric representing decommissioning activities on coal-fired power generation systems; represents the metric for gas-fired power generation system retirement activities; Equation (3) calculates the carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the operation phase in the t-th period; Equation (4) calculates the carbon emissions of the b-th gas-fired power generation system during the operation phase in the t-th period; is the carbon emission of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the operation phase of the t-th period; is the carbon emissions of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the operation phase of the tth period; S coal The total number of activities involved in accounting in the upstream coal production stage, usually involving mining, coal washing and transportation activities; gas The total number of activities accounted for in the upstream production stage of natural gas, typically involving extraction, purification, and transportation; is the carbon emission coefficient of each upstream production link per unit mass of coal; is the carbon emission coefficient of each upstream production link per unit volume of natural gas; μ coal is the carbon emission coefficient per unit mass of coal combustion; μ gas is the carbon emission coefficient per unit volume of natural gas combustion; is the coal consumption and natural gas consumption of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the coal consumption and natural gas consumption of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; Equation (5) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation period; Equation (6) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the non-operation period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the annual power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; is the annual power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system; is the design life of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; is the design life of the bth gas-fired power generation system; Equation (7) calculates the carbon emission factor of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the tth period; Equation (8) calculates the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system operation stage in the t-th period; is the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the power generation of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period.

[0082] The life cycle carbon emission accounting model of the photovoltaic power generation system during the production, construction and decommissioning non-operational stages is expressed as:

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Among them, formula (9) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the non-operation stage; formula (10) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the non-operation stage; is the life cycle carbon emission of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; U PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the production phase of the photovoltaic power generation system, including silicon raw material acquisition and processing, and photovoltaic cell production; Represents the emission factors for each activity within the production stage; Represents the measurement of production activities, including material consumption and energy consumption; V PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the construction phase of the photovoltaic power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase, including photovoltaic cell installation and power station construction; represents the measure of construction activity; W PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the decommissioning phase of the photovoltaic power generation system; Emission factors representing the activities during the decommissioning phase; A measure representing decommissioning activities, including equipment removal and waste disposal; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the annual power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system; is the design life of the cth photovoltaic power generation system.

[0086] S2. Based on the carbon emission reduction characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system itself, its life cycle carbon emissions during the non-operation stage are compensated, and the proportion of photovoltaic power generation system power generation participating in green electricity trading is dynamically adjusted according to the completion of the compensation target to build a "carbon compensation" mechanism.

[0087] The “carbon offset” mechanism is expressed as:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Among them, formula (11) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (12) calculates the green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in the green electricity transaction in the t-th period; formula (13) calculates the active power injected into the distribution network by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (14) is the constraint on the green electricity sold by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (15) calculates the carbon emission reduction generated by the green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in the transaction after being freely absorbed by the distribution network in the t-th period; formula (16) calculates the carbon emissions of the multi-industrial park benchmark system without the new energy power generation system; formula (17) calculates the carbon emissions of the multi-industrial park system with the new energy power generation system under the same load as the benchmark system; formula (18) is the dynamic adjustment of the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in the green electricity transaction in the t-1 period to the total power generation of the system under different performance conditions; is the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated for the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period; is the amount of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-th period; is the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-th period to the total power generation of the system; The active power injected into the distribution grid by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the amount of green electricity sold by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the carbon emission reduction generated by the green electricity of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system that does not participate in the transaction being freely consumed by the distribution network in the t-th period; The carbon emissions of the benchmark system of multiple industrial parks without new energy power generation systems; The carbon emissions of a multi-industrial park system equipped with renewable energy power generation systems under the same load as the benchmark system; A is the total amount of coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; B is the total amount of gas-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; C is the total amount of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network system; is the power generation of the coal-fired power generation system in the benchmark system; is the power generation of the gas-fired power generation system in the benchmark system; is the power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system operation stage in the t-th period; is the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-1 period to the total power generation of the system; The carbon emission reduction generated by the non-traded green electricity of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in period t-1 after being freely consumed by the distribution network; and are the incentive coefficient and the penalty coefficient respectively; is the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated for the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-1th period.

[0091] S3. Through smart meters and carbon emission meters, the historical electricity purchase data, distributed photovoltaic predicted output, fossil energy carbon emissions and other data of each industrial park are obtained. Based on the "carbon offset" mechanism and carbon emission flow theory, according to the electricity purchase data reported by each industrial park, the upper distribution network optimization scheduling model in the double-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks is constructed. The distribution network optimization scheduling strategy is solved to obtain the distribution network flow distribution. The distribution network carbon emission flow model is further calculated to obtain different dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission factors corresponding to multiple industrial parks.

[0092] The multi-industrial park two-layer low-carbon economic optimization and scheduling model includes an upper-layer distribution network optimization and scheduling model, a distribution network carbon emission flow model, a stepped carbon trading model, and a lower-layer industrial park low-carbon economic scheduling model. The upper-layer distribution network optimization and scheduling model is expressed as:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Among them, equations (19) and (20) are the objective functions of the distribution network optimization scheduling model; equation (21) calculates the carbon trading cost of the distribution network, equation (22) calculates the carbon trading cost of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; equation (23) calculates the carbon trading cost of the b-th gas-fired power generation system; equation (24) is the system power balance constraint; equation (25) is the generator output constraint; equation (26) is the line power constraint; C dist The operating cost of the distribution network; is the power generation cost of the distribution network; a i is the quadratic cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system, b i is the primary cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system, c i is the constant cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system; is the power generation of the i-th power generation system; is the carbon trading cost of the distribution network; Carbon trading costs for coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network; is the carbon trading cost of the gas-fired power generation system in the distribution network; A is the total number of coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; B is the total number of gas-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; λ is the carbon trading base price; α is the price growth rate; d is the length of the carbon trading interval; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; Inject active power into the power generation system of the ith node in the tth period. If there is a jth power generation system connected to the ith node, then otherwise The calculation method is shown in formula (27); is the active load of the ith node in the tth period; is the line active power injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; is the active power of the line flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period (kW); is the upper limit of the active power output of the i-th power generation system, P i g is the lower limit of the active power output of the i-th power generation system; is the upper limit of the active power of the i-th line, P i line is the lower limit of the active power of the i-th line; T is the number of time periods, n g is the total number of power generation systems, n b is the number of nodes, n line is the number of lines.

[0096] The carbon emission flow model of the distribution network is expressed as:

[0097]

[0098] Wherein, formula (28) is the calculation formula for the carbon potential of the ith node in the tth period; formula (29) is the calculation formula for the carbon flow density of the branch flowing from the ith node to the kth node in the tth period. The carbon flow density of the tidal current flowing out of the node is equal to the carbon potential of the node; e i,t is the carbon potential of the ith node in the tth period; Inject active power into the generator of the ith node in the tth period. If there is a jth generator connected to the ith node, then otherwise is the carbon emission intensity of the generator at the i-th node in the t-th period; is the line active power injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; is the branch carbon flow density injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; n b are the number of nodes respectively; is the carbon flow density of the branch flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period.

[0099] To facilitate the calculation of the nodal carbon potential, the matrix form shown in Equations (30)-(34) can be used:

[0100]

[0101] P N,t =diag(ξP Z,t )(31)

[0102] P Z,t =(P B,t P G,t ) T (32)

[0103]

[0104] Among them, E N,t is n in the tth period b dimensional node carbon potential column vector; P N,t is n in the tth period b The diagonal matrix of active flux of order nodes; P B,tis n in the tth period b The power distribution matrix of the branch is: if the active power of the line flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period is is greater than zero, then Otherwise P Bik,t =0;P G,t is n in the tth period g ×n b The order unit injection distribution matrix, if the i-th generator is connected to the j-th node, then otherwise E G,t is n in the tth period g dimensional column vector of carbon emission intensity of power generation units; P Z,t for (n b +n g )×n b Order auxiliary matrix; ξ is n b +n g dimension is a row vector; diag(v) is a diagonal matrix with the elements of the constructed vector v on the main diagonal. The node carbon potential vector E of the tth period is obtained N,t After that, the carbon potential corresponding to the node of each industrial park connected to the distribution network is i,t That is, the different dynamic carbon emission factors of electricity purchases by each industrial park.

[0105] It is worth noting that under the "carbon offset" mechanism and the green electricity trading mechanism, the present invention splits and analyzes the natural flow distribution and green electricity trading behavior, that is, the untraded green electricity participates in the flow calculation, and the traded green electricity is directly used to meet the buyer's load demand and does not participate in the flow calculation. At the same time, taking into account the principle of conservation of total carbon emissions, when the industrial park in the system purchases green electricity from the photovoltaic power generation system to offset its own carbon emissions, its carbon emission responsibility will not disappear out of thin air, but will be transferred to the photovoltaic power generation system and further transmitted and distributed to other users within the system through the carbon emission flow. Specifically, when a photovoltaic power generation system is set up in the system but there is no green electricity trading, the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is absorbed by the distribution network and naturally flows to each load in the distribution network system. At this time, the dynamic carbon emission factor of the node where each industrial park is located is determined by the carbon flow calculation, and the electricity purchase carbon emissions generated by the industrial park's electricity purchase behavior are obtained by combining the amount of electricity purchased by the industrial park from the distribution network. Under green electricity trading, when an industrial park purchases green electricity from a photovoltaic power generation system, part of the load is directly met by the purchased green electricity, thereby reducing the amount of electricity the industrial park purchases from the distribution network, and further reducing the industrial park's carbon emissions from electricity purchases. The reduced carbon emissions are transferred to the photovoltaic power generation system as carbon emission responsibility. That is, when the photovoltaic power generation system sells green electricity, the photovoltaic power generation system's carbon emission intensity will no longer be 0, but needs to be adjusted according to the transferred carbon emissions and the active power injected into the system by the photovoltaic power generation system to ensure the conservation and rationality of the system's carbon emissions.

[0106]

[0107] Among them, formula (35) calculates the carbon emission transfer amount generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; formula (36) calculates the equivalent carbon emission factor of the carbon emission transfer amount generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; is the carbon emission transfer generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; n p is the total number of industrial parks; is the amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the dynamic carbon emission factor of the node where the i-th industrial park is located in the t-th period when there is no green electricity trading; is the carbon emission intensity of power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period; The active power injected into the distribution grid by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period.

[0108] S4. Based on the dynamic carbon emission factors of electricity purchases of each industrial park, a stepped carbon trading mechanism is introduced to minimize the operating costs and carbon trading costs of the industrial park, and a low-carbon economic scheduling model for the lower industrial park in the two-tier low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model of multiple industrial parks is constructed.

[0109] The tiered carbon trading model is expressed as:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, formula (37) calculates the total carbon emission quota of the i-th industrial park; formula (38) calculates the total actual carbon emissions of the i-th industrial park; formula (39) calculates the carbon emissions generated by the high-temperature decomposition of carbonates during the cement raw material calcination process of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; formula (40) calculates the carbon emissions released by fuel combustion during the cement raw material calcination process of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; formula (41) calculates the carbon emission rights trading amount actually traded by the i-th industrial park in the carbon trading market; formula (42) is the ladder carbon trading calculation formula; i∈{1,2,…,n p}, n p is the number of industrial parks; n ce is the total number of cement plants in a certain industrial park; is the carbon emission quota of the i-th industrial park; r e A carbon emissions benchmark for electricity purchases; for cement clinker production at the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the carbon emission benchmark of cement grinding of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; The amount of electricity purchased from the upper-level distribution network by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the clinker output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the actual carbon emissions of the ith industrial park; e i,t is the dynamic carbon emission factor of electricity purchase of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; is the carbon emission generated by the high-temperature decomposition of carbonates during the cement raw meal calcination process in the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; is the carbon emission released by fuel combustion during the cement raw meal calcination process in the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; F cc is the carbon emission factor of raw meal decomposition during clinker production; ρ represents the molecular weight ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon, i.e. 44 / 12; Q coal is the calorific value of ordinary coal, which is 2.149×10-2TJ / t; U coalis the carbon content per unit calorific value of coal, which is taken as 26.24tC / TJ; σ coal is the carbon oxidation rate of coal, which is taken as 93%; Q gas is the calorific value of natural gas, which is 3.559×10-5TJ / m 3 ;U gas is the carbon content per unit calorific value of natural gas, which is 15.3tC / TJ; σ gas is the carbon oxidation rate of coal, which is taken as 99%; T i total is the carbon emission rights trading amount actually traded by the i-th industrial park in the carbon trading market; is the tiered carbon trading cost; λ is the carbon trading base price; and α is the price growth rate.

[0112] The objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the lower-level industrial park is expressed as:

[0113]

[0114] Wherein, formula (43) is the objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of industrial parks; formula (44) calculates the electricity purchase cost of the i-th industrial park; formula (45) calculates the green electricity transaction cost of the i-th industrial park; formula (46) calculates the cement production and operation cost of the i-th industrial park; i∈{1,2,…,n p}, n p is the number of industrial parks; T is the number of time periods; C is the total number of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network; C sum The total cost of low-carbon optimization scheduling for industrial parks; is the tiered carbon trading cost of the i-th industrial park; is the electricity purchase cost of the i-th industrial park; is the green electricity transaction cost of the i-th industrial park; is the cement production and operation cost of the i-th industrial park; is the time-of-use electricity price corresponding to the t-th moment; is the amount of electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the upper-level distribution network in the t-th period; is the listed green electricity price of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system at the t-th moment; is the amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; c coal is the cost coefficient for purchasing coal; c gas is the cost coefficient for purchasing natural gas; c ma is the material cost coefficient of unit output of cement; is the amount of coal consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the amount of natural gas consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period.

[0115] The constraint conditions of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the lower-level industrial park are expressed as follows:

[0116]

[0117] Among them, formula (47) is the unit time output constraint and target output constraint of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (48) is the production constraint relationship between cement output and cement clinker output of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (49) is the heat balance constraint of cement clinker output and fuel consumption of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (50) is the constraint condition of coal consumption per unit time of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (51) is the constraint condition of natural gas consumption per unit time of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (52) is the production decision of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; Formula (53) is the electricity consumption constraint of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; Formula (54) is the output constraint and power purchase constraint of the distributed photovoltaic units in the industrial park; Formula (55) is the upper and lower limit constraints of the flexible load allowed to participate in the regulation in the industrial park per unit time; Formula (56) represents that the sum of the load transferred in and out of the industrial park participating in the demand response during the entire scheduling cycle is zero; Formula (57) calculates the load after participating in the demand response; Formula (58) calculates the total amount of green electricity purchased by the industrial park; Formula (59) is the power balance constraint of the industrial park's electric load; Formula (60) is the constraint condition for the green electricity purchase amount of the industrial park; where i∈{1,2,…,n p}, j∈{1,2,…,n ce}, k∈{1,2,…,n DPV}; T is the number of time periods; n p is the number of industrial parks; n ce is the total number of cement plants in a certain industrial park; n DPV is the total number of distributed photovoltaic power generation units in a certain industrial park; C is the total number of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the target cement production of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the maximum cement production of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in a period; is the clinker output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; η i,j,5 is the supply ratio of cement grinding of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park (i.e., the mass of raw materials required to produce a unit mass of products); is the amount of coal consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the amount of natural gas consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the standard coal consumption required for the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park to produce unit clinker; Q sce is the calorific value of standard coal, taking 2.931×10 -2 TJ / t;Q coal is the calorific value of ordinary coal, taking 2.149×10 -2 TJ / t;Q gas is the calorific value of natural gas, which is 3.559×10 -5 TJ / m 3 ; is the maximum coal consumption of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in a period of time; is the maximum natural gas consumption of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park during a period; is the operating status of the raw material crushing link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the raw material grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park at the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the clinker burning process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the cement grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park at the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; are the operating status of the fuel grinding production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; The electricity required for the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park to produce electricity in the t-th period; is the fixed load of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of raw material crushing production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the raw material grinding link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the clinker burning process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of cement grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the fuel grinding production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the amount of electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the upper-level distribution network in the t-th period; is the actual output of the kth distributed photovoltaic power generation unit in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the maximum predicted output of the kth distributed photovoltaic power generation unit in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; ω is the demand response correlation coefficient; is the flexible load of the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the shiftable electric load of the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; The electricity load of the i-th industrial park after participating in demand response in the t-th period is: A positive value indicates a transfer out of a translatable load, while a negative value indicates a transfer in of an electrical load; The green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the total amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period.

[0118] S5. By iteratively solving the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks, alternately updating the electricity purchase amount and dynamic carbon emission factor of each industrial park, the optimal production strategy and electricity-carbon trading strategy of each industrial park are obtained, and the heuristic method based on dichotomy is used to deal with the oscillation phenomenon in the process of solving the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks.

[0119] The multi-industrial park dual-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model repeatedly solves the upper-layer distribution network optimization scheduling model, the distribution network carbon emission flow model, and the industrial park low-carbon optimization scheduling model, alternately updates the electricity-carbon trading volume and the distribution network dynamic carbon emission factor of each industrial park, and collaboratively solves the optimal electricity-carbon trading volume of the industrial park in an iterative interaction. The iterative solution includes four steps expressed as follows:

[0120] Step 1: Initialize the operating parameters of the distribution network and industrial park, and set the number of iterations k iter =1;

[0121] Step 2: Based on the "carbon offset" mechanism, adjust the proportion of photovoltaic power generation system power generation allowed to participate in green electricity trading, solve the distribution network optimization scheduling model, calculate the carbon intensity of the distribution network nodes, and update the dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission coefficient of each park node;

[0122] Step 3: Solve the low-carbon optimization scheduling model of each industrial park based on the updated dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission coefficient and update the electricity-carbon trading volume of each industrial park;

[0123] Step 4: If the current power purchase amount of each industrial park is very small compared with the power purchase amount of the previous iteration, and the following convergence conditions are met or the maximum number of iterations is reached, then the solution is output; otherwise, k iter =kiter +1, and re-update the operating parameters of the distribution network and industrial park, and return to step 2:

[0124]

[0125] Wherein, Equation (61) is the iterative convergence criterion; i∈{1,2,…,n p};n p is the number of industrial parks; k iter is the number of iterations; For the kth iter -The amount of electricity purchased from the upper power grid by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by 1 iteration; For the kth iter The amount of electricity purchased from the upper power grid by the ith industrial park in the tth period obtained by the iterative solution; For the kth iter -The amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by 1 iteration; For the kth iter The amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by the iterative solution; is the maximum number of iterations; ε is the convergence criterion.

[0126] Furthermore, the method for dealing with the oscillation phenomenon in the process of solving the multi-industrial park double-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model is expressed as follows:

[0127] In the process of model solution, according to the industrial park's electricity purchase and green electricity purchase The difference between the results of two consecutive iterations is used to evaluate the convergence. When the oscillation judgment conditions of formulas (62)-(63) are met, the variable and Oscillation occurs.

[0128]

[0129] make:

[0130]

[0131] Add constraints in the next iteration and Perform a new round of iterative solution and adjust the constraints based on the new results:

[0132]

[0133] Repeat the above steps until the convergence condition is met or the maximum number of iterations is reached.

[0134] For ease of understanding, in one embodiment, an application example of a multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy that takes into account lifecycle carbon emissions on the power generation side is provided. The relevant operating data of the cement plant are shown in Table 1, the relevant operating parameters of the new energy power generation enterprise are shown in Table 2, and the electricity purchase and fossil energy prices are shown in Table 3; the relevant parameters of carbon trading are shown in Table 4; and the relevant parameters of the "carbon offset" mechanism are shown in Table 5.

[0135] Table 1 Example of values ​​for relevant operating data of cement plants

[0136]

[0137] Table 2 Example of relevant operating data values ​​for new energy power generation enterprises

[0138]

[0139] Table 3 Price list for electricity purchase and fossil energy

[0140]

[0141] Table 4 Carbon trading related parameters

[0142]

[0143] Table 5: Parameters related to the “Carbon Offset” mechanism

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] To fully verify the advancement of the multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy of the present invention that considers lifecycle carbon emissions on the power generation side, in one embodiment, four scenarios are used for comparative analysis as shown in the following table:

[0147] Table 6 Four implementation scenarios

[0148]

[0149] The first scenario is a baseline system without a photovoltaic power generation system; the second scenario sets up a photovoltaic power generation system based on the first scenario, but does not consider green electricity trading and the responsibility sharing of carbon emissions in the life cycle of the power generation side; the third scenario introduces a green electricity trading mechanism with a fixed trading ratio, and allows 50% of the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system to participate in green electricity trading; the fourth scenario introduces the "carbon offset" mechanism proposed in this invention, and takes into account green electricity trading and the responsibility sharing of carbon emissions in the life cycle of the power generation side. The initial setting allows 20% of the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system to participate in green electricity trading.

[0150] The comparison of the optimization results of the four scenarios is shown in Table 7. The optimization results of the method provided by the present invention can be found in Figures 3 to 6 From the comparison of the optimization results of the four scenarios, it can be seen that the addition of the photovoltaic power generation system effectively reduces the overall carbon emission intensity of the system. When green electricity trading is not considered, due to the natural flow and absorption of green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system in the system, the carbon emission intensity of nodes close to the photovoltaic power generation system is reduced compared to scenario I without a photovoltaic power generation system. However, the carbon reduction benefits brought by the photovoltaic power generation system fail to radiate to more distant nodes, resulting in no significant decrease in the carbon emissions of electricity purchases in the industrial park. Under scenario III, green electricity trading allows the carbon reduction benefits brought by green electricity to be directly transferred to the participating industrial parks, effectively reducing the carbon emissions of electricity purchases in the industrial parks and expanding the coverage of the green electricity carbon reduction benefits. At the same time, because the photovoltaic power generation system bears the carbon emissions transferred by the industrial park due to the purchase of green electricity, the carbon emission intensity of the node where the photovoltaic power generation system is located is not zero. Its carbon emission transfer amount is dispersed to each load along with the power flow.

[0151] Table 7 Comparison of optimization results for four scenarios

[0152]

[0153] Comparing Scenarios I and II with Scenarios III and IV, when green electricity trading is open, industrial parks tend to purchase green electricity to reduce their own operational carbon emissions, even if the price of green electricity is higher than that of regular electricity. Compared to Scenarios III, Scenario IV is able to maintain a certain level of green electricity trading without significantly impacting the operating costs of the industrial park, while also offsetting the carbon emissions of the photovoltaic power generation system over its lifecycle. During the low-capacity phase of the photovoltaic power generation system, the emission reduction benefits of purchasing green electricity are not significant, so industrial parks are less enthusiastic about participating in green electricity trading. During this period, the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is freely consumed by the grid, and the resulting carbon emission reductions are used to offset the photovoltaic power generation system's lifecycle carbon emissions. At this time, under the "carbon offset" mechanism, the proportion of green electricity trading is allowed to increase. As photovoltaic power generation gradually increases, photovoltaic power generation systems gradually conduct green electricity transactions with industrial parks. The amount of green electricity sold has, to a certain extent, affected the changes in the proportion of green electricity transactions allowed. For example, the second photovoltaic power generation system chooses to sell only a small amount of green electricity, striving to offset its own life cycle carbon emissions more quickly in order to obtain a rapid increase in the proportion of green electricity transactions allowed, sacrificing the initial profit margin in exchange for larger subsequent transaction volume and profits.

[0154] The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy, proposed in this embodiment, considers lifecycle carbon emissions from the power generation side. This strategy addresses the current limitations of the electricity-carbon market's understanding of "zero carbon emissions" for new energy generators and reveals the implicit carbon emissions of new energy power generation systems during their manufacturing, construction, and maintenance phases from a full lifecycle perspective. By incorporating the full lifecycle carbon emissions of thermal and new energy generators into the research scope, an innovative "carbon offset" mechanism for new energy power generation systems is proposed. This aims to promote a shift in system sources and loads from single-generation to full-lifecycle carbon responsibility, providing theoretical support for improving electricity-carbon market rules. Furthermore, based on carbon emission flow theory, a two-layered optimization scheduling framework for electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling across multiple industrial parks is constructed. The upper-layer model calculates carbon emission factors at distribution network nodes by solving an optimized scheduling strategy for the distribution network that incorporates a "carbon offset" mechanism. The lower-layer model, combining the dynamic carbon emission factors output by the upper layer, formulates low-carbon production and electricity-carbon trading plans with the goal of minimizing park operating costs and carbon costs. Through a two-layered iterative solution and an oscillation suppression strategy based on a dichotomy method, a balance between system economic efficiency and low carbon performance is achieved. Simulation results validate its dual advantages in environmental and economic benefits. Through mechanism design and method innovation, this invention provides a quantifiable and operational solution for the coordinated management of electricity and carbon in industrial parks, which has reference significance for promoting the precise allocation of carbon responsibilities and low-carbon transformation in the context of new power systems.

[0155] The present invention can solve the problems in industrial park scheduling, such as the existing technology ignoring the life cycle carbon emission accounting of the non-operating stage of the new energy power generation system, failing to fully combine the characteristics of the power generation entity to formulate a reasonable carbon emission responsibility sharing and fulfillment mechanism, and the difficulty in accurately measuring the carbon emissions caused by the industrial park purchasing electricity from the external power grid. It can effectively reduce the carbon emissions generated by the production and operation of the industrial park while taking into account economic efficiency, and provide scientific guidance for the low-carbon operation of the industrial park.

[0156] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side is characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain the lifecycle carbon emissions of thermal power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems in multiple industrial park systems during the production, construction, operation, and decommissioning stages, and construct a lifecycle carbon emission accounting model for thermal power generation systems and photovoltaic power generation systems during the non-operational and operational stages; S2. Based on the carbon emission reduction characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system, its life cycle carbon emissions during the non-operational phase are offset. The proportion of photovoltaic power generation system power generation participating in green electricity trading is dynamically adjusted according to the completion of the offset target, thus establishing a "carbon offset" mechanism; S3. Using smart meters and carbon emission meters, obtain historical electricity purchase data, distributed photovoltaic forecast output, and fossil energy carbon emissions from each industrial park. Based on the "carbon offset" mechanism and carbon emission flow theory, and based on the electricity purchase data reported by each industrial park, construct an upper-layer distribution network optimization scheduling model within a two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks. Solve the distribution network optimization scheduling strategy to obtain the distribution network power flow distribution. Further, calculate the distribution network carbon emission flow model to obtain different dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission factors corresponding to multiple industrial parks. S4. Based on the dynamic carbon emission factors of electricity purchases of each industrial park, a tiered carbon trading mechanism is introduced to minimize the operating costs and carbon trading costs of the industrial park, and a low-carbon economic scheduling model for the lower industrial park in the two-tier low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks is constructed; S5. By iteratively solving the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks, alternately updating the electricity purchase amount and dynamic carbon emission factor of each industrial park, the optimal production strategy and electricity-carbon trading strategy of each industrial park are obtained, and the heuristic method based on dichotomy is used to deal with the oscillation phenomenon in the process of solving the two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model for multiple industrial parks.

2. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The life cycle carbon emission accounting model of the thermal power generation system in step S1 during the production, construction and decommissioning non-operation phase and the operation phase is as follows: Among them, formula (1) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; formula (2) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the b-th gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the carbon emission of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operational period; U coal The total number of activities involved in accounting during the production phase of the coal-fired power generation system, including raw material acquisition and equipment production; U gas The total number of activities involved in accounting during the production phase of a gas-fired power generation system, including raw material acquisition and equipment production; Represents the emission coefficients for each activity within the production phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients for each activity within the production phase of a gas-fired power generation system; A measure representing the production activity of a coal-fired power generation system, including the amount of material and energy consumed; A measure representing the production activity of a gas-fired power generation system, including consumables usage and energy consumption; V coal The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the construction phase of the coal-fired power generation system, including power equipment deployment and power station construction; V gas The total number of activities included in the accounting during the construction phase of the gas-fired power generation system, including power equipment deployment and power station construction; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase of the gas-fired power generation system; a metric representing construction activity on coal-fired power generation systems; A metric representing construction activity of gas-fired power generation systems; W coal W is the total number of activities involved in the decommissioning phase of coal-fired power generation systems, including equipment dismantling and waste disposal; gas The total number of activities involved in the decommissioning phase of a gas-fired power generation system, including equipment dismantling and waste disposal; is the emission coefficient for each activity during the decommissioning phase of a coal-fired power generation system; Emission factors representing the activities during the decommissioning phase; a metric representing decommissioning activities on coal-fired power generation systems; represents the metric for gas-fired power generation system retirement activities; Equation (3) calculates the carbon emissions of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the operation phase in the t-th period; Equation (4) calculates the carbon emissions of the b-th gas-fired power generation system during the operation phase in the t-th period; is the carbon emission of the a-th coal-fired power generation system during the operation phase of the t-th period; is the carbon emissions of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the operation phase of the tth period; S coal The total number of activities involved in accounting in the upstream coal production stage, usually involving mining, coal washing and transportation activities; gas The total number of activities accounted for in the upstream production stage of natural gas, typically involving extraction, purification, and transportation; is the carbon emission coefficient of each upstream production link per unit mass of coal; is the carbon emission coefficient of each upstream production link per unit volume of natural gas; μ coal is the carbon emission coefficient per unit mass of coal combustion; μ gas is the carbon emission coefficient per unit volume of natural gas combustion; is the coal consumption and natural gas consumption of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the coal consumption and natural gas consumption of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; Equation (5) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation period; Equation (6) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the non-operation period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the annual power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; is the annual power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system; is the design life of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; is the design life of the bth gas-fired power generation system; Equation (7) calculates the carbon emission factor of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the tth period; Equation (8) calculates the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system operation stage in the t-th period; is the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the power generation of the ath coal-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period.

3. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The life cycle carbon emission accounting model of the photovoltaic power generation system in step S1 during the production, construction and decommissioning non-operation stages is as follows: Among them, formula (9) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the non-operation stage; formula (10) calculates the life cycle carbon emission factor of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the non-operation stage; is the life cycle carbon emission of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; U PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the production phase of the photovoltaic power generation system, including silicon raw material acquisition and processing, and photovoltaic cell production; Represents the emission factors for each activity within the production stage; Represents the measurement of production activities, including material consumption and energy consumption; V PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the construction phase of the photovoltaic power generation system; Represents the emission coefficients of various activities during the construction phase, including photovoltaic cell installation and power station construction; represents the measure of construction activity; W PV The total number of activities involved in the accounting during the decommissioning phase of the photovoltaic power generation system; Emission factors representing the activities during the decommissioning phase; A measure representing decommissioning activities, including equipment removal and waste disposal; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the annual power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system; is the design life of the cth photovoltaic power generation system.

4. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The "carbon offset" mechanism in step S2 is described as follows: Among them, formula (11) calculates the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (12) calculates the green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in the green electricity transaction in the t-th period; formula (13) calculates the active power injected into the distribution network by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (14) is the constraint on the green electricity sold by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; formula (15) calculates the carbon emission reduction generated by the green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in the transaction after being freely absorbed by the distribution network in the t-th period; formula (16) calculates the carbon emissions of the multi-industrial park benchmark system without the new energy power generation system; formula (17) calculates the carbon emissions of the multi-industrial park system with the new energy power generation system under the same load as the benchmark system; formula (18) is the dynamic adjustment of the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in the green electricity transaction in the t-1 period to the total power generation of the system under different performance conditions; is the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated for the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the cth photovoltaic power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period; is the amount of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-th period; is the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-th period to the total power generation of the system; The active power injected into the distribution grid by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the amount of green electricity sold by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the carbon emission reduction generated by the green electricity of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system that does not participate in the transaction being freely consumed by the distribution network in the t-th period; The carbon emissions of the benchmark system of multiple industrial parks without new energy power generation systems; The carbon emissions of a multi-industrial park system equipped with renewable energy power generation systems under the same load as the benchmark system; A is the total amount of coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; B is the total amount of gas-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; C is the total amount of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network system; is the power generation of the coal-fired power generation system in the benchmark system; is the power generation of the gas-fired power generation system in the benchmark system; is the power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system operation stage in the t-th period; is the carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; is the proportion of green electricity that the c-th photovoltaic power generation system is allowed to participate in green electricity trading in the t-1 period to the total power generation of the system; The carbon emission reduction generated by the non-traded green electricity of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in period t-1 after being freely consumed by the distribution network; and are the incentive coefficient and the penalty coefficient respectively; is the life cycle carbon emissions that need to be compensated for the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-1th period.

5. The low-carbon economy credible scheduling method for industrial parks considering electricity-carbon trading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-industrial park two-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model includes: an upper-layer distribution network optimization scheduling model, a distribution network carbon emission flow model, a stepped carbon trading model and a lower-layer industrial park low-carbon economic scheduling model.

6. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper-level distribution network optimization scheduling model in step S3 optimizes scheduling to meet the system energy demand first, minimizes the distribution network power generation cost as the goal, solves the optimal unit output, and assumes the corresponding carbon emission responsibility by participating in the tiered carbon trading, which is expressed as follows: Among them, equations (19) and (20) are the objective functions of the distribution network optimization scheduling model; equation (21) calculates the carbon trading cost of the distribution network, equation (22) calculates the carbon trading cost of the a-th coal-fired power generation system; equation (23) calculates the carbon trading cost of the b-th gas-fired power generation system; equation (24) is the system power balance constraint; equation (25) is the generator output constraint; equation (26) is the line power constraint; C dist The operating cost of the distribution network; is the power generation cost of the distribution network; a i is the quadratic cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system, b i is the primary cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system, c i is the constant cost coefficient of the i-th power generation system; is the power generation of the i-th power generation system; is the carbon trading cost of the distribution network; Carbon trading costs for coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network; is the carbon trading cost of the gas-fired power generation system in the distribution network; A is the total number of coal-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; B is the total number of gas-fired power generation systems in the distribution network system; λ is the carbon trading base price; α is the price growth rate; d is the length of the carbon trading interval; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the a-th coal-fired power generation system in the t-th period; is the life cycle carbon emission factor of the bth gas-fired power generation system during the non-operation phase; is the power generation of the bth gas-fired power generation system in the tth period; Inject active power into the power generation system of the ith node in the tth period. If there is a jth power generation system connected to the ith node, then otherwise The calculation method is shown in formula (27); is the active load of the ith node in the tth period; is the line active power injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; is the active power of the line flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period (kW); is the upper limit of the active power output of the i-th power generation system, P i g is the lower limit of the active power output of the i-th power generation system; is the upper limit of the active power of the i-th line, P i line is the lower limit of the active power of the i-th line; T is the number of time periods, n g is the total number of power generation systems, n b is the number of nodes, n line is the number of lines.

7. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distribution network carbon emission flow model in step S3 is expressed as: Wherein, formula (28) is the calculation formula for the carbon potential of the ith node in the tth period; formula (29) is the calculation formula for the carbon flow density of the branch flowing from the ith node to the kth node in the tth period. The carbon flow density of the tidal current flowing out of the node is equal to the carbon potential of the node; e i,t is the carbon potential of the ith node in the tth period; Inject active power into the generator of the ith node in the tth period. If there is a jth generator connected to the ith node, then otherwise is the carbon emission intensity of the generator at the i-th node in the t-th period; is the line active power injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; is the branch carbon flow density injected from the jth node to the ith node in the tth period; n b are the number of nodes respectively; is the branch carbon flow density flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period; In order to facilitate the calculation of the nodal carbon potential, the matrix form shown in Equations (30)-(34) is used: P N,t =diag(ξP Z,t ) (31) P Z,t =(P B,t P G,t ) T (32) Among them, E N,t is n in the tth period b dimensional node carbon potential column vector; P N,t is n in the tth period b The diagonal matrix of active flux of order nodes; P B,t is n in the tth period b The power distribution matrix of the branch is: if the active power of the line flowing from the i-th node to the k-th node in the t-th period is is greater than zero, then Otherwise P Bik,t =0;P G,t is n in the tth period g ×n b The order unit injection distribution matrix, if the i-th generator is connected to the j-th node, then Otherwise P Gij,t =0;E G,t is n in the tth period g dimensional column vector of carbon emission intensity of power generation units; P Z,t for (n b +n g )×n b Order auxiliary matrix; ξ is n b +n g dimension is a full row vector; diag(v) is a diagonal matrix with the elements of the constructed vector v on the main diagonal; the node carbon potential vector E in the tth period is obtained N,t After that, the carbon potential corresponding to the node of each industrial park connected to the distribution network is i,t These are the different dynamic carbon emission factors for electricity purchases by each industrial park; Under the "carbon offset" mechanism and green electricity trading mechanism, the natural flow distribution and green electricity trading behavior are split and analyzed and calculated, that is, the untraded green electricity participates in the flow calculation, and the traded green electricity is directly used to meet the buyer's load demand and does not participate in the flow calculation; at the same time, taking into account the principle of conservation of total carbon emissions, when the industrial park in the system purchases green electricity from the photovoltaic power generation system to offset its own carbon emissions, its carbon emission responsibility will not disappear out of thin air, but will be transferred to the photovoltaic power generation system and further transmitted and distributed to other users in the system through the carbon emission flow; specifically, when a photovoltaic power generation system is set up in the system but there is no green electricity trading, the green electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is absorbed by the distribution network and naturally flows to each load in the distribution network system. At this time, the carbon Flow calculation determines the dynamic carbon emission factor of each industrial park's node, and combines it with the amount of electricity purchased from the distribution network to obtain the carbon emissions generated by the industrial park's electricity purchase behavior. Under green electricity trading, when the industrial park purchases green electricity from the photovoltaic power generation system, part of the load is directly met by the purchased green electricity, thereby reducing the amount of electricity purchased from the distribution network, and thus reducing the industrial park's electricity purchase carbon emissions. This reduced carbon emission amount is transferred to the photovoltaic power generation system as carbon emission responsibility. That is, when the photovoltaic power generation system sells green electricity, the photovoltaic power generation system's power generation carbon emission intensity will no longer be 0, but needs to be adjusted according to the transferred carbon emissions and the active power injected into the system by the photovoltaic power generation system to ensure the conservation and rationality of the system's carbon emissions. Among them, formula (35) calculates the carbon emission transfer amount generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; formula (36) calculates the equivalent carbon emission factor of the carbon emission transfer amount generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; is the carbon emission transfer generated by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period due to the sale of green electricity; n p is the total number of industrial parks; is the amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the dynamic carbon emission factor of the node where the i-th industrial park is located in the t-th period when there is no green electricity trading; is the carbon emission intensity of power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period; The active power injected into the distribution grid by the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period.

8. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step-by-step carbon trading model in step S4 is expressed as: Among them, formula (37) calculates the total carbon emission quota of the i-th industrial park; formula (38) calculates the total actual carbon emissions of the i-th industrial park; formula (39) calculates the carbon emissions generated by the high-temperature decomposition of carbonates during the cement raw material calcination process of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; formula (40) calculates the carbon emissions released by fuel combustion during the cement raw material calcination process of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; formula (41) calculates the carbon emission rights trading amount actually traded by the i-th industrial park in the carbon trading market; formula (42) is the ladder carbon trading calculation formula; i∈{1,2,…,n p }, n p is the number of industrial parks; n ce is the total number of cement plants in a certain industrial park; is the carbon emission quota of the i-th industrial park; r e A carbon emissions benchmark for electricity purchases; for cement clinker production at the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the carbon emission benchmark of cement grinding of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; The amount of electricity purchased from the upper-level distribution network by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the clinker output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the actual carbon emissions of the ith industrial park; e i,t is the dynamic carbon emission factor of electricity purchase of the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; is the carbon emission generated by the high-temperature decomposition of carbonates during the cement raw meal calcination process in the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; is the carbon emission released by fuel combustion during the cement raw meal calcination process in the i-th industrial park at the t-th moment; F cc is the carbon emission factor of raw meal decomposition during clinker production; ρ represents the molecular weight ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon, i.e. 44 / 12; Q coal is the calorific value of ordinary coal, which is 2.149×10-2TJ / t; U coal is the carbon content per unit calorific value of coal, which is taken as 26.24tC / TJ; σ coal is the carbon oxidation rate of coal, which is taken as 93%; Q gas is the calorific value of natural gas, which is 3.559×10-5TJ / m 3 ;U gas is the carbon content per unit calorific value of natural gas, which is 15.3tC / TJ; σ gas is the carbon oxidation rate of coal, which is taken as 99%; T i total is the carbon emission rights trading amount actually traded by the i-th industrial park in the carbon trading market; is the tiered carbon trading cost; λ is the carbon trading base price; and α is the price growth rate.

9. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the lower industrial park in step S4 is expressed as: Wherein, formula (43) is the objective function of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of industrial parks; formula (44) calculates the electricity purchase cost of the i-th industrial park; formula (45) calculates the green electricity transaction cost of the i-th industrial park; formula (46) calculates the cement production and operation cost of the i-th industrial park; i∈{1,2,…,n p }, n p is the number of industrial parks; T is the number of time periods; C is the total number of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network; C sum The total cost of low-carbon optimization scheduling for industrial parks; is the tiered carbon trading cost of the i-th industrial park; is the electricity purchase cost of the i-th industrial park; is the green electricity transaction cost of the i-th industrial park; is the cement production and operation cost of the i-th industrial park; is the time-of-use electricity price corresponding to the tth moment; is the amount of electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the upper-level distribution network in the t-th period; is the listed green electricity price of the c-th photovoltaic power generation system at the t-th moment; is the amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; c coal is the cost coefficient for purchasing coal; c gas is the cost coefficient for purchasing natural gas; c ma is the material cost coefficient of unit output of cement; is the amount of coal consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the amount of natural gas consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period.

10. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The constraint conditions of the low-carbon economic dispatch model of the lower industrial park in step S4 are expressed as follows: Among them, formula (47) is the unit time output constraint and target output constraint of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (48) is the production constraint relationship between cement output and cement clinker output of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (49) is the heat balance constraint of cement clinker output and fuel consumption of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (50) is the constraint condition of coal consumption per unit time of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (51) is the constraint condition of natural gas consumption per unit time of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; formula (52) is the production decision of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; Formula (53) is the electricity consumption constraint of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; Formula (54) is the output constraint and power purchase constraint of the distributed photovoltaic units in the industrial park; Formula (55) is the upper and lower limit constraints of the flexible load allowed to participate in the regulation in the industrial park per unit time; Formula (56) represents that the sum of the load transferred in and out of the industrial park participating in the demand response during the entire scheduling cycle is zero; Formula (57) calculates the load after participating in the demand response; Formula (58) calculates the total amount of green electricity purchased by the industrial park; Formula (59) is the power balance constraint of the industrial park's electric load; Formula (60) is the constraint condition for the green electricity purchase amount of the industrial park; where i∈{1,2,…,n p }, j∈{1,2,…,n ce }, k∈{1,2,…,n DPV }; T is the number of time periods; n p is the number of industrial parks; n ce is the total number of cement plants in a certain industrial park; n DPV is the total number of distributed photovoltaic power generation units in a certain industrial park; C is the total number of photovoltaic power generation systems in the distribution network; is the cement output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the target cement production of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the maximum cement production of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in a period; is the clinker output of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; η i,j,5 is the supply ratio of cement grinding of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park (i.e., the mass of raw materials required to produce a unit mass of products); is the amount of coal consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the amount of natural gas consumed by the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the standard coal consumption required for the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park to produce unit clinker; Q sce is the calorific value of standard coal, taking 2.931×10 -2 TJ / t;Q coal is the calorific value of ordinary coal, taking 2.149×10 -2 TJ / t;Q gas is the calorific value of natural gas, which is 3.559×10 -5 TJ / m 3 ; is the maximum coal consumption of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park in a period of time; is the maximum natural gas consumption of the jth cement plant in the i-th industrial park during a period of time; is the operating status of the raw material crushing link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the raw material grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park at the t-th period, and the operating status variable is 0-1; is the operating status of the clinker burning process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; is the operating status of the cement grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park at the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; are the operating status of the fuel grinding production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period, and the variable of the operating status is 0-1; The electricity required for the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park to produce electricity in the t-th period; is the fixed load of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of raw material crushing production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the raw material grinding link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the clinker burning process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of cement grinding process of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the load of the fuel grinding production link of the j-th cement plant in the i-th industrial park; is the amount of electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the upper-level distribution network in the t-th period; is the actual output of the kth distributed photovoltaic power generation unit in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the maximum predicted output of the kth distributed photovoltaic power generation unit in the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; ω is the demand response correlation coefficient; is the flexible load of the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the shiftable electric load of the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; The electricity load of the i-th industrial park after participating in demand response in the t-th period is: A positive value indicates a transfer out of a translatable load, while a negative value indicates a transfer in of an electrical load; The green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park from the c-th photovoltaic power generation system in the t-th period; is the total amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period; is the power generation of the cth photovoltaic power generation system in the tth period.

11. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solution method in step S5 is expressed as: By repeatedly solving the distribution network carbon emission flow calculation model and the industrial park low-carbon optimization scheduling model, the electricity carbon trading volume and the distribution network dynamic carbon emission factor of each industrial park are alternately updated. The optimal electricity carbon trading volume of the industrial park is collaboratively solved in an iterative interaction. The iterative solution includes four steps: Step 1: Initialize the operating parameters of the distribution network and industrial park, and set the number of iterations k iter =1; Step 2: Based on the "carbon offset" mechanism, adjust the proportion of photovoltaic power generation systems allowed to participate in green electricity trading, solve the distribution network optimization scheduling model, calculate the carbon intensity of distribution network nodes, and update the dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission coefficient of each park node; Step 3: Solve the low-carbon optimization scheduling model of each industrial park based on the updated dynamic electricity purchase carbon emission coefficient and update the electricity-carbon trading volume of each industrial park; Step 4: If the current power purchase amount of each industrial park is very small compared with the power purchase amount of the previous iteration, and the following convergence conditions are met or the maximum number of iterations is reached, then the solution is output; otherwise, k iter =k iter +1, and re-update the operating parameters of the distribution network and industrial park, and return to step 2: Wherein, Equation (61) is the iterative convergence criterion; i∈{1,2,…,n p };n p is the number of industrial parks; k iter is the number of iterations; For the kth iter -The amount of electricity purchased from the upper power grid by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by 1 iteration; For the kth iter The amount of electricity purchased from the upper power grid by the ith industrial park in the tth period obtained by the iterative solution; For the kth iter -The amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by 1 iteration; For the kth iter The amount of green electricity purchased by the i-th industrial park in the t-th period obtained by the iterative solution; is the maximum number of iterations; ε is the convergence criterion.

12. The multi-park electricity-carbon coordinated scheduling strategy considering the lifecycle carbon emissions of the power generation side according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for processing the oscillation phenomenon in the process of solving the multi-industrial park double-layer low-carbon economic optimization scheduling model in step S5 is expressed as follows: In the process of model solution, according to the industrial park's electricity purchase and green electricity purchase The difference between the results of two consecutive iterations is used to evaluate the convergence; when the oscillation judgment conditions of formula (62)-(63) are met, the variable and Oscillation occurs; make: Add constraints in the next iteration and Perform a new round of iterative solution and adjust the constraints based on the new results: Repeat the above steps until the convergence condition is met or the maximum number of iterations is reached.

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