Cultivation composition and cultivation method of coriolus versicolor

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of edible fungus cultivation, and discloses a cultivation composition and a cultivation method of coriolus versicolor. The cultivation composition contains wood chips, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles, wherein the composite nanoparticles comprise nano-metal particles and mesoporous inorganic oxides coating the surfaces of the nano-metal particles. The cultivation method comprises the following steps that coriolus versicolor is inoculated into the cultivation composition for spawn running cultivation and coriolus versicolor emergence management. The cultivation composition for the coriolus versicolor can reduce infectious microbe pollution in the growth process of the coriolus versicolor, shorten the growth cycle of the coriolus versicolor and improve the quality of coriolus versicolor sporocarps.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of edible fungus cultivation, and in particular to a cultivation composition and a cultivation method of Coriolus versicolor. Background Art

[0002] The field of edible fungi cultivation technology has developed rapidly in recent years. Market demand for Coriolus versicolor, a large fungus with significant medicinal value, continues to grow. Rich in polysaccharides, proteins, terpenes, and other bioactive ingredients, Coriolus versicolor boasts significant immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant benefits, making it widely used in medicine, health supplements, and cosmetics.

[0003] Traditional cultivation substrates for Yunzhi vary in formulation. Common ones primarily consist of broadleaf sawdust and wheat bran, with supplementary ingredients such as soybean cake powder, gypsum, and lime. For example, a ratio of 85-89 parts broadleaf sawdust, 7-1 part wheat bran, 2 parts soybean cake powder, 1 part gypsum, and 1 part lime provides essential nutrients for Yunzhi growth. Other attempts have included using mulberry shavings, grape shavings, and passion fruit vines as substitutes for some of the traditional ingredients. For example, a substrate composed of 22-26 parts mulberry shavings, 22-26 parts grape shavings, and 22-26 parts passion fruit vines is widely available and low-cost. Other studies have optimized formulations using mulberry shavings, fermented mulberry leaf compound, and sugarcane bagasse. For example, a ratio of 58-70% mulberry shavings, 4-6% fermented mulberry leaf compound, and 5-8% sugarcane bagasse provides a richer nutritional base for Yunzhi growth and promotes the accumulation of active ingredients. However, Yunzhi cultivation is plagued by significant bacterial contamination, a long growth cycle, and poor fruiting body quality.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a cultivation method for Yunzhi, which can reduce the contamination of foreign bacteria during the production process, shorten the growth cycle of Yunzhi, and improve the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of serious bacterial contamination, long growth cycle and poor fruiting body quality in the cultivation process of Yunzhi in the prior art, and to provide a cultivation composition and cultivation method for Yunzhi. The cultivation composition for Yunzhi can reduce bacterial contamination during the growth process of Yunzhi, shorten the growth cycle of Yunzhi, and improve the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a cultivation composition for Yunzhi, which contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles; the composite nanoparticles include nanometal particles and mesoporous inorganic oxides coated on the surface of the nanometal particles.

[0007] Preferably, the nano-metal particles are selected from at least one of nano-zinc oxide particles, nano-silver particles and nano-copper oxide particles, and more preferably nano-zinc oxide particles.

[0008] Preferably, the mesoporous inorganic oxide is mesoporous silica and / or mesoporous alumina, more preferably mesoporous silica.

[0009] Preferably, the lateral size of the graphene quantum dots is 3-10 nm.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the graphene quantum dots is modified with hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and the molar ratio of the hydroxyl groups to the carboxyl groups modified on the surface of the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.3-1.

[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the nano-metal particles is 20-50 nm, and the thickness of the mesoporous inorganic oxide is 2-5 nm.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots to the composite nanoparticles is 1:0.5-20.

[0013] Preferably, based on the weight of the cultivation composition, the content of the sawdust is 40-60%, the content of the wheat bran is 20-30%, the content of the gypsum is 5-10%, the content of the graphene quantum dots is 0.005-0.02%, and the content of the composite nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1%.

[0014] Preferably, the pH of the cultivation composition is 5.5-6.5.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for cultivating Yunzhi, which includes the following steps: inoculating Yunzhi into a cultivation composition for spawn cultivation and management of Yunzhi growth; the cultivation composition contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles; the composite nanoparticles include nanometal particles and mesoporous inorganic oxides coated on the surface of the nanometal particles.

[0016] Preferably, the nano-metal particles are selected from at least one of nano-zinc oxide particles, nano-silver particles and nano-copper oxide, and more preferably nano-zinc oxide particles.

[0017] Preferably, the mesoporous inorganic oxide is mesoporous silica and / or mesoporous alumina, preferably mesoporous silica.

[0018] Preferably, the lateral size of the graphene quantum dots is 3-10 nm.

[0019] Preferably, the surface of the graphene quantum dots is modified with hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and the molar ratio of the hydroxyl groups to the carboxyl groups modified on the surface of the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.3-1.

[0020] Preferably, the particle size of the nano-metal particles is 20-50 nm, and the thickness of the mesoporous inorganic oxide layer is 2-5 nm.

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots to the composite nanoparticles is 1:0.5-20.

[0022] Preferably, based on the weight of the cultivation composition, the content of the sawdust is 40-60%, the content of the wheat bran is 20-30%, the content of the gypsum is 5-10%, the content of the graphene quantum dots is 0.005-0.02%, and the content of the composite nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1%.

[0023] Preferably, the pH of the cultivation composition is 5.5-6.5.

[0024] Preferably, before the inoculation, the water content of the cultivation composition is adjusted to 55-65 wt %, and the cultivation composition is sterilized.

[0025] Preferably, the sterilization treatment conditions include at least: a temperature of 80-85°C and a time of 20-30 minutes.

[0026] Preferably, the conditions for the spawn culture at least include: avoiding light, a temperature of 25-28° C., an air relative humidity of 70-80%, and a time of 15-20 days.

[0027] Preferably, the process of the mushroom management includes: irradiating the mixture obtained by the mushroom culture with light.

[0028] Preferably, the illumination conditions include at least: a wavelength of 790-820 nm, a power density of 1-1.5 W / cm 2 , the temperature is 45-55℃.

[0029] Preferably, the light irradiation is performed intermittently, with each irradiation lasting 10-15 minutes and the time interval between adjacent irradiations being 1.5-2.5 hours.

[0030] Preferably, the strain of the versicolor versicolor is versicolor ( Versicolor trametes ) HW-119, the deposit number is CCTCC NO:M2025762.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The cultivation composition for Yunzhi provided by the present invention contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles. The composite nanoparticles include nanometal particles and mesoporous inorganic oxides coated on the surface of the nanometal particles. The synergistic effect between the graphene quantum dots and the composite nanoparticles can further enhance the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, thereby further protecting the growth environment of Yunzhi, promoting its growth and development, and improving the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies. The present invention has significant market prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The endpoints of the ranges and any values ​​disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered to be specifically disclosed herein.

[0033] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cultivation composition for Coriolus versicolor, which contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles; the composite nanoparticles include nanometal particles and a mesoporous inorganic oxide coated on the surface of the nanometal particles.

[0034] During the research process, the inventors unexpectedly discovered that the cultivation composition of Yunzhi contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles with a mesoporous inorganic oxide layer coated on the surface of nanometal particles. Through the synergistic effect between the graphene quantum dots and the composite nanoparticles, the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition can be further enhanced, thereby further protecting the growth environment of Yunzhi, promoting its growth and development, and improving the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies. It has significant market prospects.

[0035] According to the present invention, the metal nanoparticles are preferably selected from at least one of zinc oxide nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and copper oxide nanoparticles, with zinc oxide nanoparticles being more preferred. The inventors have discovered that coating the surface of these metal nanoparticles with a mesoporous inorganic oxide further enhances the synergistic effect between the composite nanoparticles and graphene quantum dots, thereby further improving the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition.

[0036] According to the present invention, the mesoporous inorganic oxide is preferably mesoporous silica and / or mesoporous alumina, more preferably mesoporous silica. The inventors have discovered that, under this preferred embodiment, coating the surface of the nanometal particles with the aforementioned mesoporous inorganic oxide further enhances the synergistic effect of the composite nanoparticles and graphene quantum dots, inhibiting the growth of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger, improving the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, and thereby further protecting the growth environment of Coriolus versicolor, promoting its growth and development, and enhancing the quality of its fruiting bodies.

[0037] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the lateral size of the graphene quantum dots is 3-10 nm, specifically 3 nm, 5 nm, 7 nm, 10 nm, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0038] According to the present invention, preferably, the surface of the graphene quantum dots is modified with hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and the molar ratio of the hydroxyl groups to the carboxyl groups on the surface of the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.3-1, specifically 1:0.3, 1:0.5, 1:0.7, 1:1, or any value between the two aforementioned values. The inventors have found that under this preferred embodiment, the graphene quantum dots have good water solubility and biocompatibility, can form a better synergistic effect with other components in the cultivation composition, exert interaction with Yunzhi cells, promote Yunzhi's absorption and utilization of nutrients in the cultivation composition, further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, further protect Yunzhi's growth environment, promote Yunzhi's growth and development, and improve the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies.

[0039] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the particle size of the nanometal particles is 20-50 nm, specifically 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, or any value between the foregoing two values; the thickness of the mesoporous inorganic oxide is 2-5 nm, specifically 2 nm, 3 nm, 4 nm, 5 nm, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0040] According to the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots to the composite nanoparticles is 1:0.5-20, specifically 1:0.5, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, or any value in between. The inventors have discovered that, under this preferred embodiment, the synergistic effect between the graphene quantum dots and the composite nanoparticles at this specific mass ratio can further enhance the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, further protect the growth environment of Coriolus versicolor, promote the growth and development of Coriolus versicolor, and improve the quality of Coriolus versicolor fruiting bodies.

[0041] In the present invention, the graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles can be prepared by themselves or purchased commercially.

[0042] According to the present invention, graphene quantum dots can be prepared using conventional methods in the art, such as a hydrothermal method. Preferably, the method comprises: dissolving an organic carbon source and an organic nitrogen source in water to perform a hydrothermal reaction I to obtain a reaction solution; and dialyzing and drying the reaction solution.

[0043] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the synergistic effect of graphene quantum dots and other components in the cultivation composition and the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the mass ratio of the organic carbon source to the organic nitrogen source is 2-8:1, specifically 2:1, 4:1, 6:1, 8:1, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0044] According to the present invention, in order to further enhance the synergistic effect of graphene quantum dots with other components in the cultivation composition and the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the organic carbon source is an organic acid, and the organic nitrogen source is urea and / or ammonia. Further preferably, the organic carbon source is citric acid, and the organic nitrogen source is urea.

[0045] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the yield of graphene quantum dots, preferably, the conditions of the hydrothermal reaction I include at least: a temperature of 180-220°C, specifically 180°C, 200°C, 220°C, or any value between the foregoing two values; a time of 6-10h, specifically 6h, 8h, 10h, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0046] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the reaction efficiency and yield of graphene quantum dots, preferably, the hydrothermal reaction I is carried out in a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined reactor.

[0047] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the yield and purity of graphene quantum dots, preferably, the dialysis and drying process comprises: cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, filtering with a 0.2-0.3 μm microporous filter membrane to obtain filtrate I, separating the filtrate through a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 800-1200 Da for 40-60 hours to obtain filtrate II, and freeze-drying the filtrate II.

[0048] According to the present invention, graphene quantum dots can be prepared by a conventional method selected in the art, for example, a hydrothermal method.

[0049] According to the present invention, preferably, the preparation process of the composite nanoparticles includes: mixing nanometal particles and ethanol for dispersion treatment to obtain a suspension; adding ammonia water, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) to the suspension for a mixing reaction, and separating the mixed liquid obtained by the mixing reaction.

[0050] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the yield of composite nanoparticles, preferably, the mass ratio of the nanometal particles to the ethanol is 0.2-0.8:100, specifically 0.2:100, 0.4:100, 0.6:100, 0.8:100, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0051] According to the present invention, the dispersion treatment can be a common dispersion treatment method in the art. For example, the dispersion treatment can be ultrasonic treatment, and the conditions of the ultrasonic treatment include at least: a power of 230-270W, specifically 230W, 250W, 270W, or any value between the foregoing two values; a time of 20-40min, specifically 20min, 30min, 40min, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0052] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the yield of composite nanoparticles and the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the mass ratio of the ammonia water, the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and the tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:0.1-0.5:0.02-0.2.

[0053] According to the present invention, the process of separating the mixed liquid includes: centrifuging the mixed liquid and then washing it.

[0054] According to the present invention, the mixing reaction conditions include at least: 30-50 ° C, specifically 30 ° C, 40 ° C, 50 ° C, or any value between the above two values According to the present invention, when the nano-metal particles are nano-zinc oxide particles, preferably, the preparation process of the nano-zinc oxide particles includes: mixing zinc salt, sodium hydroxide and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) to perform hydrothermal reaction II, followed by washing and drying.

[0055] According to the present invention, the zinc salt is zinc nitrate and / or zinc sulfate, preferably zinc nitrate; illustratively, the zinc nitrate can be a zinc nitrate solution, and the concentration of zinc nitrate in the zinc nitrate solution is 0.05-0.2 mol / L, specifically 0.05 mol / L, 0.1 mol / L, 0.15 mol / L, 0.2 mol / L, or any value between the two aforementioned values. The sodium hydroxide can be a sodium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.5-2.5 mol / L, specifically 1.5 mol / L, 2 mol / L, 2.5 mol / L, or any value between the two aforementioned values. The volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the zinc nitrate solution can be 1:0.8-1.2, specifically 1:0.8, 1:1, 1:1.2, or any value between the two aforementioned values.

[0056] According to the present invention, to further improve the reaction efficiency and yield of nano-zinc oxide particles, preferably, the conditions of the hydrothermal reaction II include at least: a temperature of 110-130°C, specifically 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, or any value in between; and a time of 4-8 hours, specifically 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, or any value in between. The hydrothermal reaction II can be carried out in a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined reactor.

[0057] According to the present invention, preferably, based on the cultivation composition, the content of the sawdust is 40-60%, specifically 40%, 50%, 60%, or any value between the two values; the content of the wheat bran is 20-30%, specifically 20%, 25%, 30%, or any value between the two values; the content of the gypsum is 5-10%, specifically 5%, 7%, 10%, or any value between the two values; the content of the graphene quantum dots is 0.005-0.02%, specifically 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, or any value between the two values; the content of the composite nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1%, specifically 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, or any value between the two values. The inventors found that under this preferred embodiment, the synergistic effect between the components of the above content further improves the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, thereby further protecting the growth environment of Yunzhi, promoting its growth and development, and improving the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies.

[0058] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the pH of the cultivation composition is 5.5-6.5, specifically 5.5, 6, 6.5, or any value between the above two values.

[0059] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for cultivating Yunzhi, which comprises the following steps: inoculating Yunzhi into a cultivation composition for spawning and managing the growth of Yunzhi; the cultivation composition contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles; the composite nanoparticles include nanometal particles and mesoporous inorganic oxides coated on the surface of the nanometal particles.

[0060] In the present invention, the cultivation method is simple, easy to operate and has low production cost.

[0061] According to the present invention, the nano-metal particles are preferably selected from at least one of zinc oxide nano-particles, silver nano-particles, and copper oxide nano-particles, with zinc oxide nano-particles being more preferred. The inventors have discovered that coating the surface of these nano-metal particles with a mesoporous inorganic oxide further enhances the synergistic effect between the composite nanoparticles and the graphene quantum dots, thereby further improving the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition. This further protects the growth environment of Yunzhi, promotes its growth and development, and improves the quality of its fruiting bodies.

[0062] According to the present invention, the mesoporous inorganic oxide is preferably mesoporous silica and / or mesoporous alumina, more preferably mesoporous silica. The inventors have discovered that, under this preferred embodiment, coating the surface of the nanometal particles with the aforementioned mesoporous inorganic oxide further enhances the synergistic effect between the composite nanoparticles and the graphene quantum dots, inhibiting the growth of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger, improving the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, and thereby further protecting the growth environment of Coriolus versicolor, promoting its growth and development, and enhancing the quality of its fruiting bodies.

[0063] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the lateral size of the graphene quantum dots is 3-10 nm, specifically 3 nm, 5 nm, 7 nm, 10 nm, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0064] According to the present invention, preferably, the surface of the graphene quantum dots is modified with hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and the molar ratio of the hydroxyl groups to the carboxyl groups on the surface of the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.3-1, specifically 1:0.3, 1:0.5, 1:0.7, 1:1, or any value between the two aforementioned values. The inventors have found that under this preferred embodiment, the graphene quantum dots have good water solubility and biocompatibility, can form a better synergistic effect with other components in the cultivation composition, play an interactive role with the versicolor cells, promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients in the cultivation composition by the versicolor, further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, and further protect the growth environment of the versicolor, promote the growth and development of the versicolor, and improve the quality of the versicolor fruiting body.

[0065] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the particle size of the nanometal particles is 20-50 nm, specifically 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, or any value between the foregoing two values; the thickness of the mesoporous inorganic oxide is 2-5 nm, specifically 2 nm, 3 nm, 4 nm, 5 nm, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0066] According to the present invention, preferably, the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots to the composite nanoparticles is 1:0.5-20, specifically 1:0.5, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, or any value in between. The inventors have discovered that, under this preferred embodiment, the synergistic effect between the graphene quantum dots and the composite nanoparticles at this specific mass ratio can further enhance the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, further protect the growth environment of Coriolus versicolor, promote the growth and development of Coriolus versicolor, and improve the quality of Coriolus versicolor fruiting bodies.

[0067] According to the present invention, preferably, based on the cultivation composition, the content of the sawdust is 40-60%, specifically 40%, 50%, 60%, or any value between the two values; the content of the wheat bran is 20-30%, specifically 20%, 25%, 30%, or any value between the two values; the content of the gypsum is 5-10%, specifically 5%, 7%, 10%, or any value between the two values; the content of the graphene quantum dots is 0.005-0.02%, specifically 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, or any value between the two values; the content of the composite nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1%, specifically 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, or any value between the two values. The inventors found that under this preferred embodiment, the synergistic effect between the components of the above content further improves the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, thereby further protecting the growth environment of Yunzhi, promoting its growth and development, and improving the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies.

[0068] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, preferably, the pH of the cultivation composition is 5.5-6.5, specifically 5.5, 6, 6.5, or any value between the above two values.

[0069] In the present invention, the graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles can be prepared by themselves or purchased commercially. When the graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles are prepared by themselves, the preparation method is as described above.

[0070] In the present invention, when Coriolus versicolor is inoculated into the cultivation composition, the inoculum amount is preferably 1-10wt% of the cultivation composition, specifically 1wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, or any value in between. The inventors have found that this preferred embodiment promotes the growth of Coriolus versicolor and increases the fermentation biomass.

[0071] According to the present invention, preferably, before inoculation, the water content of the cultivation composition is adjusted to 55-65wt%, specifically 55wt%, 60wt%, 65wt%, or any value in between; and the cultivation composition is sterilized. The inventors have discovered that, under this preferred embodiment, controlling the water content of the cultivation composition within the above range can further promote the growth of Coriolus versicolor; sterilization can further improve the growth environment of Coriolus versicolor, thereby enhancing the quality of its fruiting bodies.

[0072] According to the present invention, the sterilization conditions include at least: a temperature of 80-85°C, specifically 80°C, 83°C, 85°C, or any value between the two aforementioned values; and a time of 20-30 minutes, specifically 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, or any value between the two aforementioned values. The inventors have found that under this preferred embodiment, compared to traditional high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization methods, the use of pasteurization can reduce sterilization energy consumption and production costs, thereby achieving significant economic benefits.

[0073] In the present invention, the sterilized cultivation composition is cooled to 20-30° C. before the versicolor versicolor is inoculated.

[0074] According to the present invention, the parameters such as temperature, air humidity, and time used for the spawn culture can be conventional settings in the art. Preferably, the spawn culture conditions include at least: protection from light, a temperature of 25-28°C, specifically 25°C, 26°C, 27°C, 28°C, or any value between the two aforementioned values; a relative humidity of 70-80%, specifically 70%, 75%, 80%, or any value between the two aforementioned values; and a time of 15-20 days, specifically 15 days, 17 days, 20 days, or any value between the two aforementioned values.

[0075] According to the present invention, the conventional method selected in the art can be used to manage the growth of the fungus. Preferably, the process of the growth of the fungus includes: irradiating the mixture obtained by the spawn culture with light.

[0076] According to the present invention, in order to further improve the quality of Yunzhi fruiting body, preferably, the illumination conditions include at least: a wavelength of 790-820nm, specifically 790nm, 800nm, 810nm, 820nm, or any value between the above two values; a power density of 1-1.5W / cm 2 , 1W / cm 2 , 1.3W / cm 2 , 1.5W / cm 2, or any value between the above two values; the temperature is 45-55°C, specifically 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, or any value between the above two values.

[0077] According to the present invention, preferably, the light irradiation is performed in an intermittent manner, and the irradiation time for each time is 10-15 minutes, specifically 10 minutes, 13 minutes, 15 minutes, or any value between the foregoing two values; the time interval between adjacent irradiations is 1.5-2.5 hours, specifically 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, or any value between the foregoing two values.

[0078] In this method, a three-dimensional hanging bag cultivation model can be adopted for the management of versicolor fungus. Using a steel-framed plastic greenhouse, bags can be hung using a three-dimensional hanging culture device, fully utilizing the space and significantly improving land utilization compared to ground cultivation. Micro-spraying pipes and atomizing nozzles can be installed within the greenhouse to facilitate humidity control. A film roller can also be used to adjust ventilation and temperature, creating an optimal environment for the growth of versicolor fungus.

[0079] The cultivation method of the present invention further includes harvesting the mushrooms after they have been harvested. The harvesting process includes using a sharp, clean knife or scissors to completely and cleanly cut the fruiting bodies of the Yunzhi mushrooms, including the base of the stipe (approximately 1-1.5 cm), when the white growth ring at the edge of the cap begins to narrow noticeably, gradually changes color from light to dark, and the edge curling has essentially stopped or is just beginning to recurve. After the first round of harvesting, the surface of the material is cleaned, and water spraying is stopped for 7-10 days before the second round of harvesting begins.

[0080] In the present invention, the strains of Coriolus versicolor can be obtained by self-screening or breeding, or can be purchased commercially. For example, strains can be isolated and screened from wild Coriolus versicolor, or wild Coriolus versicolor can be systematically bred; strains can also be bred for specific environments.

[0081] According to the present invention, preferably, the strain of Yunzhi is Versicolor trametes HW-119, abbreviated as Yunzhi HW-119, is currently deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with the deposit number CCTCC NO: M2025762 and the deposit date April 11, 2025.

[0082] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for cultivating Coriolus versicolor is provided, the method comprising the following steps: (1) Preparing a cultivation composition: based on the weight of the cultivation composition, the content of sawdust is 40-60%, the content of wheat bran is 20-30%, the content of gypsum is 5-10%, the content of graphene quantum dots is 0.005-0.02%, and the content of composite nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1%; the pH of the cultivation composition is 5.5-6.5; (2) adjusting the water content of the cultivation composition to 55-65 wt%, and sterilizing the cultivation composition at a temperature of 80-85° C. for 20-30 min; inoculating Coriolus versicolor into the cultivation composition, and performing a spawn culture in a dark environment at a temperature of 25-28° C. and a relative humidity of 70-80%; (3) The mixture obtained by the bacterial culture was subjected to a 790-820 nm wavelength and a power density of 1-1.5 W / cm 2 , the light is used for the growth management under the condition of temperature of 45-55℃, the light is irradiated intermittently, the time of each irradiation is 10-15 minutes, and the time interval between adjacent irradiations is 1.5-2.5 hours; The composite nanoparticles include nano-zinc oxide particles and mesoporous silica coated on the surface of the nano-zinc oxide particles; the lateral size of the graphene quantum dots is 3-10 nm, and the surface is modified with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, and the molar ratio of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups modified on the surface of the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.3-1; the particle size of the nano-zinc oxide particles is 20-50 nm, and the thickness of the mesoporous silica is 2-5 nm; the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots to the composite nanoparticles is 1:0.5-20.

[0083] In the above particularly preferred embodiment, the above cultivation method has a good antibacterial effect, can protect the growth environment of Yunzhi, promote its growth and development, and improve the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies, and has a significant market prospect.

[0084] The present invention is described in detail below through examples. Yunzhi HW-119 is currently deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) with the accession number CCTCC NO: M2025762. All other raw materials were commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0085] Preparation Example 1 (1) ZnO NPs were prepared by hydrothermal method: 0.1 mol / L zinc nitrate solution was mixed with an equal volume of 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, and 0.5 wt% polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was added as a dispersant under magnetic stirring; the mixed solution was transferred to a high-pressure reactor and hydrothermally reacted at 120 °C for 6 h; after the reaction, the mixture was centrifuged and washed three times with deionized water (12000 rpm × 10 min) and vacuum dried at 60 °C to obtain white ZnO NPs powder, which is zinc oxide nanoparticles. TEM analysis showed that the average particle size of the zinc oxide nanoparticles was 30 ± 5 nm; (2) The modified Stöber method was used to coat the zinc oxide nanoparticles with mesoporous SiO2: 200 mg of the ZnO NPs obtained in step (1) were dispersed in 50 mL of anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically treated for 30 minutes to form a uniform suspension; 2 mL of ammonia water, 0.5 g of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and 0.15 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were added in sequence and stirred at 40 °C for 24 hours; the product was collected by centrifugation and washed three times with ethanol, and calcined at 550 °C for 2 hours to remove the CTAB template to obtain ZnO NPs@mSiO2 with a mesoporous SiO2 coating layer, which is a composite nanoparticle; the composite nanoparticles were subjected to BET test, which showed that the pore size of the mesoporous SiO2 was 3.8 nm, and the coating layer thickness was 3.2 ± 0.5 nm as determined by TEM.

[0086] Preparation Example 2 Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were prepared by hydrothermal method: (1) Dissolve 2 g of citric acid and 0.5 g of urea in 50 mL of deionized water and ultrasonicate to form a transparent solution; (2) The solution was transferred to a 100 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined reactor and subjected to hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 8 h; (3) After natural cooling, filter with a 0.22 μm microporous membrane to remove large particles; (4) The filtrate was placed into a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 1000 Da and dialyzed for 48 hours to remove unreacted small molecules; (5) After freeze-drying, light yellow GQDs powder was obtained; AFM examination of GODs showed that the lateral size was 5.2±1.3 nm, and XPS analysis confirmed that the surface contained hydroxyl (-OH, accounting for 28.6%) and carboxyl (-COOH, accounting for 15.3%) functional groups.

[0087] Preparation Example 3 Graphene quantum dots were prepared according to the method of Preparation Example 1, except that in step (1), the amount of urea was replaced by 2 g.

[0088] Example 1 (1) Preparation of cultivation matrix: Prepare the raw materials, weigh 50% sawdust, 25% wheat bran, 8% gypsum powder, 0.05% composite nanoparticles obtained in Preparation Example 1, and 0.01% graphene quantum dots (GQDs) obtained in Preparation Example 2 according to weight percentage, and make up the rest with water, with pH value of 6; put these raw materials into a stirring device and stir and mix them thoroughly to make the components evenly distributed to obtain a cultivation matrix; (2) Pasteurization and inoculation: The water content of the culture medium was adjusted to 55 wt%, and the culture medium was sterilized by pasteurization. The culture medium was placed in a sterilization device and treated at 83 °C for 25 min. After the culture medium was cooled to 20 °C, Yunzhi HW-119 was inoculated at an inoculation rate of 6% of the total weight of the culture medium. (3) Inoculation culture: Place the inoculated culture medium in a culture room, control the temperature of the culture room at 25°C, maintain the relative humidity of the air at 70%, and keep it in a dark environment. Culture under these conditions for 20 days. (4) Management of mushroom production: After the spawn culture is completed, near-infrared light (wavelength 808±10nm) is used for pulse irradiation every day. The power density of the light is 1.0W / cm², and each irradiation lasts for 15 minutes, with an interval of 2 hours between each irradiation. During irradiation, the surface temperature of the cultivation substrate is controlled at 50℃. (5) Collecting the fungus: When the white growth circle on the edge of the cap begins to narrow significantly, the color gradually changes from light to dark, and the edge curling phenomenon basically stops or just begins to curl back, use a sharp and clean knife or scissors to cut off the Yunzhi fruiting body together with the base of the stipe (about 1-1.5 cm) as a whole, clean and complete cut to obtain the Yunzhi fruiting body.

[0089] Example 2 (1) Preparation of cultivation medium: Prepare the raw materials, and weigh 40% sawdust, 30% wheat bran, 10% gypsum powder, 0.1% composite nanoparticles obtained in Preparation Example 1, and 0.005% graphene quantum dots (GQDs) obtained in Preparation Example 2 according to weight percentage, and make up the rest with water, with the pH value being 5.5; put these raw materials into a stirring device and stir and mix them thoroughly to make the components evenly distributed to obtain a cultivation medium; (2) Pasteurization and inoculation: The water content of the culture medium was adjusted to 65 wt%, and the culture medium was sterilized by pasteurization. The culture medium was placed in a sterilization device and treated at 80 °C for 20 min. After the culture medium was cooled to 26 °C, Yunzhi HW-119 was inoculated at an inoculation rate of 10% of the total weight of the culture medium. (3) Inoculation culture: Place the inoculated culture medium in a culture room, control the temperature of the culture room at 28°C, maintain the relative humidity of the air at 80%, and keep it in a dark environment. Culture under these conditions for 20 days. (4) Management of mushroom production: After the spawn culture is completed, near-infrared light (wavelength 808±10nm) is used for pulse irradiation every day. The power density of the light is 1.5W / cm², and each irradiation lasts for 10 minutes, with an interval of 2 hours between each irradiation. During irradiation, the surface temperature of the cultivation substrate is controlled at 55°C. (5) Collecting the fungus: When the white growth circle on the edge of the cap begins to narrow significantly, the color gradually changes from light to dark, and the edge curling phenomenon basically stops or just begins to curl back, use a sharp and clean knife or scissors to cut off the Yunzhi fruiting body together with the base of the stipe (about 1-1.5 cm) as a whole, clean and complete cut to obtain the Yunzhi fruiting body.

[0090] Example 3 (1) Preparation of cultivation matrix: Prepare the raw materials, and weigh 60% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 5% gypsum powder, 0.01% composite nanoparticles obtained in Preparation Example 1, and 0.02% graphene quantum dots (GQDs) obtained in Preparation Example 2 according to weight percentage, and make up the rest with water, with the pH value being 6.5; put these raw materials into a stirring device and stir and mix them thoroughly to make the components evenly distributed, thereby obtaining a cultivation matrix; (2) Pasteurization and inoculation: The water content of the culture medium was adjusted to 60 wt%, and the culture medium was sterilized by pasteurization. The culture medium was placed in a sterilization device and treated at 85 °C for 30 min. After the culture medium was cooled to 30 °C, Yunzhi HW-119 was inoculated at an inoculation rate of 2% of the total weight of the culture medium. (3) Inoculation culture: Place the inoculated culture medium in a culture room, control the temperature of the culture room at 25°C, maintain the relative humidity of the air at 75%, and keep it in a dark environment. Culture under these conditions for 20 days. (4) Management of mushroom production: After the spawn culture is completed, pulse irradiation with near-infrared light (wavelength 808±10nm) is performed daily. The power density of the light is 1.0W / cm², and each irradiation lasts for 15 minutes with an interval of 2 hours. During irradiation, the surface temperature of the cultivation substrate is controlled at 45°C. (5) Collecting the fungus: When the white growth circle on the edge of the cap begins to narrow significantly, the color gradually changes from light to dark, and the edge curling phenomenon basically stops or just begins to curl back, use a sharp and clean knife or scissors to cut off the Yunzhi fruiting body together with the base of the stipe (about 1-1.5 cm) as a whole, clean and complete cut to obtain the Yunzhi fruiting body.

[0091] Example 4 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), the weight of the composite nanoparticles was replaced with 0.2%.

[0092] Example 5 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 3, except that in step (1), the weight of the composite nanoparticles was replaced with 0.001%.

[0093] Example 6 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), the pH was replaced with 8.

[0094] Example 7 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that, in step (2), the composite nanoparticles were replaced with composite nanoparticles whose surface was coated with mesoporous Al2O3 by nano-zinc oxide.

[0095] Example 8 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that, in step (2), the composite nanoparticles were replaced with composite nanoparticles with mesoporous SiO2 coated on the surface of nanosilver particles (purchased from Guangzhou Wei Bo Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0096] Example 9 Versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), the graphene quantum dots were replaced with the graphene quantum dots obtained in Preparation Example 3.

[0097] Example 10 Versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), the graphene quantum dots were replaced with graphene quantum dots with a lateral size of 15-20 nm, a surface functional group mainly composed of amino groups (-NH2), and no hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups (purchased from Xi'an Ruixi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).

[0098] Example 11 Versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that step (4) was replaced by: (4) Management of mushroom emergence: When primordia protrude from the bag, place the bag flat on the rack, spread a layer of sand or sandy loam about 6 cm thick on the rack, then remove the film of the bag and place the mushroom tube on the sand or sandy loam; 1 / 3 of the tube should be buried in the sand, and the distance between the tubes should be about 10 cm; after arranging, the temperature should be 25-28℃, and the air humidity should be controlled at 85-90%. Increase light and ventilation to promote the occurrence of fruiting bodies.

[0099] Comparative Example 1 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), no composite nanoparticles were added.

[0100] Comparative Example 2 Versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), graphene quantum dots were not added.

[0101] Comparative Example 3 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), the composite nanoparticles were replaced with nano zinc oxide particles.

[0102] Comparative Example 4 Versicolor versicolor was cultivated according to the cultivation method of Example 1, except that in step (1), neither composite nanoparticles nor graphene quantum dots were added.

[0103] Comparative Example 5 (1) Preparation of cultivation medium: Prepare the raw materials according to weight percentage, namely, 40% cottonseed hull, 40% sawdust, 19% bran, and 1% gypsum, with a pH of 6.0; put these raw materials into a stirring device and stir and mix them thoroughly to make the components evenly distributed to obtain a cultivation medium; (2) Sterilization and inoculation: Tie the two ends of the bag with ropes, sterilize it in a steamer at 100℃ for 8 hours, remove the bag and cool it down. After the culture medium cools down to 30℃, inoculate Yunzhi HW-119 with an inoculation amount of 10% of the total weight of the culture medium. (3) Inoculation culture: Place the inoculated culture medium in a culture room, control the temperature of the culture room at 25°C, maintain the relative humidity of the air at 65%, and keep it in a dark environment. Culture under these conditions for 25-30 days. (4) Management of mushroom production: When the mycelium grows mature, place the mushroom bags flat on the rack, spread a layer of sand or sandy loam about 6 cm thick on the rack, then remove the film of the mushroom bags and place the mushroom tubes on the sand or sandy loam; 1 / 3 of the mushroom tubes should be buried in the sand, and the distance between the mushroom tubes should be about 10 cm; after the mushrooms are laid out, the temperature should be 25-28℃, the air humidity should be controlled at 85-90%, and light and ventilation should be increased to promote the occurrence of fruiting bodies; (5) Collecting the fruiting bodies: Use a sharp knife to cut off the root of the stalk, or twist off the stalk directly with your hands to obtain the fruiting bodies of the cloud fungus.

[0104] Test Example 1 The inoculated cultivation substrates obtained in step (2) of Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were taken respectively, and the antibacterial rate of the above cultivation substrates was tested according to the method in the "National Food Safety Standard for Determination of Total Colony Count of Food Microbiological Test". After 24 hours of cultivation and observation, the antibacterial rate of the cultivation substrate against Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger is shown in Table 1. The long-term antibacterial effect was also determined. The test method was to take 100g of each of the sterilized cultivation substrates of Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and place them in a sterile container. 1×10 6 CFU / g Escherichia coli and 1×10 5Aspergillus niger spores were mixed and incubated at 25°C and 70% humidity. Daily, 1 g of sample was added to 9 mL of sterile saline and vortexed for 1 minute. The sample was then spread onto MacConkey agar and PDA agar plates, respectively. Colony-forming units (CFU) were counted after 24 hours. Three replicates were performed for each sample. The control group was inoculated with the same amount of microorganisms as in Comparative Example 4. The time point when the inhibition rate was lower than 70% for two consecutive days was recorded, and the day before that was the effective inhibition day. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0105] Table 1

[0106] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, compared with the comparative example, the embodiment adopts the cultivation method provided by the present invention, and the cultivation composition used contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles. The synergistic effect between the graphene quantum dots and the composite nanoparticles further enhances the antibacterial effect of the cultivation composition, thereby further protecting the growth environment of Yunzhi, promoting its growth and development, and improving the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies.

[0107] Test Example 2 During the incubation phase of Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-5, the growth of Coriolus versicolor mycelia was observed. The results of the average daily mycelial extension rate and bud formation time are shown in Table 2. The average daily mycelial extension rate refers to the average extension length per unit time calculated by regularly observing the growth distance of mycelia in the cultivation medium; the bud formation time refers to the time interval from inoculation to the formation of the first visible fruiting body primordia of the mycelium.

[0108] Test Example 3 The polysaccharide content and zinc residue in the fruiting bodies of Coriolus versicolor obtained in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2; the bioconversion rate of the second wave mushroom was also measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0109] The polysaccharide content in Yunzhi fruiting bodies was tested using the phenol-sulfuric acid method, and zinc residue was tested using the method specified in "GB5009.268-2016 National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Multiple Elements in Food." The bioconversion rate of the second-wave mushrooms was tested by rehydrating the bags and controlling the environment after harvesting and cleaning the roots of the first-wave mushrooms to induce a second-wave fruiting. Once mature, the mushrooms were harvested and weighed individually. The bioconversion rate of the second-wave mushrooms was calculated as (total weight of the second-wave fresh mushrooms divided by the dry weight of the compost) × 100%.

[0110] Table 2

[0111] As can be seen from the results in Table 2, compared with the comparative example, the embodiment adopts the cultivation method provided by the present invention to cultivate Yunzhi, and the average daily extension speed of mycelium is accelerated, the budding time is shortened, the polysaccharide content is increased, the zinc residue reaches the nutritional fortification standard, and the bioconversion rate of the second-wave mushroom is improved. This further demonstrates that the cultivation method provided by the present invention can protect the growth environment of Yunzhi, promote its growth and development, and improve the quality of Yunzhi fruiting bodies.

[0112] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple variations of the technical solution of the present invention may be made, including combining the various technical features in any other appropriate manner. These simple variations and combinations should also be regarded as disclosed in the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation composition for Coriolus versicolor, characterized in that: The cultivation composition contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles; the composite nanoparticles include nanometal particles and mesoporous inorganic oxides coated on the surfaces of the nanometal particles.

2. The cultivation composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The nano-metal particles are selected from at least one of nano-zinc oxide particles, nano-silver particles and nano-copper oxide particles, and are preferably nano-zinc oxide particles; Preferably, the mesoporous inorganic oxide is mesoporous silica and / or mesoporous alumina, more preferably mesoporous silica; Preferably, the lateral size of the graphene quantum dots is 3-10 nm; Preferably, the surface of the graphene quantum dots is modified with hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and the molar ratio of the hydroxyl groups to the carboxyl groups modified on the surface of the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.3-1; Preferably, the particle size of the nano-metal particles is 20-50 nm, and the thickness of the mesoporous inorganic oxide is 2-5 nm.

3. The cultivation composition according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots to the composite nanoparticles is 1:0.5-20.

4. The cultivation composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Based on the weight of the cultivation composition, the content of the sawdust is 40-60%, the content of the wheat bran is 20-30%, the content of the gypsum is 5-10%, the content of the graphene quantum dots is 0.005-0.02%, and the content of the composite nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1%; Preferably, the pH of the cultivation composition is 5.5-6.

5.

5. A method for cultivating Coriolus versicolor, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: inoculating versicolor into a cultivation composition for spawn cultivation and versicolor production management; The cultivation composition contains sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, graphene quantum dots and composite nanoparticles; the composite nanoparticles include nanometal particles and mesoporous inorganic oxides coated on the surfaces of the nanometal particles.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that The nano-metal particles are selected from at least one of nano-zinc oxide particles, nano-silver particles and nano-copper oxide particles, and are preferably nano-zinc oxide particles; Preferably, the mesoporous inorganic oxide is mesoporous silica and / or mesoporous alumina, more preferably mesoporous silica; Preferably, the lateral size of the graphene quantum dots is 3-10 nm; Preferably, the surface of the graphene quantum dots is modified with hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, and the molar ratio of the hydroxyl groups to the carboxyl groups modified on the surface of the graphene quantum dots is 1:0.3-1; Preferably, the particle size of the nano-metal particles is 20-50 nm, and the thickness of the mesoporous inorganic oxide is 2-5 nm; Preferably, the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots to the composite nanoparticles is 1:0.5-20; Preferably, based on the weight of the cultivation composition, the content of the sawdust is 40-60%, the content of the wheat bran is 20-30%, the content of the gypsum is 5-10%, the content of the graphene quantum dots is 0.005-0.02%, and the content of the composite nanoparticles is 0.01-0.1%; Preferably, the pH of the cultivation composition is 5.5-6.

5.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that Before the inoculation, the water content of the cultivation composition is adjusted to 55-65 wt %, and the cultivation composition is sterilized; Preferably, the sterilization treatment conditions include at least: a temperature of 80-85°C and a time of 20-30 minutes.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The conditions for the spawn culture at least include: avoiding light, a temperature of 25-28° C., an air relative humidity of 70-80%, and a time of 15-20 days.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The process of the mushroom management includes: irradiating the mixture obtained by the mushroom culture with light; Preferably, the illumination conditions include at least: a wavelength of 790-820 nm, a power density of 1-1.5 W / cm 2 , the temperature is 45-55℃; Preferably, the light irradiation is performed intermittently, with each irradiation lasting 10-15 minutes and the time interval between adjacent irradiations being 1.5-2.5 hours.

10. The cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The strain of the versicolor versicolor is versicolor ( Trametes versicolor ) HW-119, the deposit number is CCTCC NO:M2025762.

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