Dynamic water flow adjusting system for river bank slope protection

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic water flow adjusting system for river bank slope protection, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects and slope protection. The system comprises a disorderly-curled three-dimensional net-shaped structure, a curlable hard film covering the surface of the disorderly-curled three-dimensional net-shaped structure, a reel, a pull rope, an electric motor, a guide pressing strip and an automatic control system. In a normal state, the hard film is stretched and unfolded through the electric motor to cover the net-shaped structure; when the water flow is increased, the system releases the pull rope according to a monitoring signal, the hard film is automatically wound under the action of the torsional spring, and the net structure is exposed to enhance disturbance and impact reduction effects; and when the water flow is relatively large, the net-shaped structure bulges outwards under the action of backflushing hydraulic power to form an arc surface, so that the protection capability is further improved. The system has the advantages of dynamic response, low energy consumption, high structural adaptability and the like, and is suitable for intelligent anti-scour protection of side slope areas such as river channels and lakebanks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects and slope protection, and in particular relates to a dynamic water flow regulation system for river bank slope protection. Background Art

[0002] Slopes around water bodies such as rivers, lakeshores, and reservoirs are perennially eroded by natural water flows. This is especially true under extreme hydrological conditions, such as rainstorms, mountain torrents, and flood discharges. Rapid increases in water velocity and level can severely impact the slope structure, easily leading to soil erosion, bank collapse, and even secondary disasters. Therefore, anti-scour, protection, and flow regulation technologies for slopes have long been important research areas in water conservancy engineering and ecological and environmental protection.

[0003] In the existing technology, the following types of slope protection measures are mainly adopted: Rigid structural protection: including cast-in-place concrete slope protection, precast concrete slabs, gabion cages, etc., which have strong impact resistance and stable structure, but have poor coordination with water flow, are prone to forming reflected waves or secondary erosion, and have great interference with the ecological environment and poor adaptability.

[0004] Flexible material protection: such as geotextiles, vegetation blankets, three-dimensional mesh mats, etc., can alleviate water erosion to a certain extent and facilitate vegetation growth, but their structural strength is limited. They are easily damaged and peeled off in the face of sudden floods and require frequent maintenance.

[0005] Composite protection system: The combination of rigid and flexible materials, such as the "gabion cage + eco-bag" structure, enhances integrity and ecology. However, most of these structures are still static configurations and cannot dynamically respond and adjust according to actual hydrological conditions. They may still fail locally under extreme water conditions.

[0006] In addition, some scholars or engineering units have tried to artificially adjust the water flow path through controllable hydraulic devices (such as water retaining plates, sluice gates, etc.), but such systems are usually complex in structure, high in cost, and difficult to maintain, and are not suitable for large-scale promotion along the coastline.

[0007] In summary, the existing slope protection technologies generally have the following problems: Lack of dynamic response capability, unable to adjust protection status according to real-time water flow intensity; The structure is very rigid but has poor adaptability, making it difficult to achieve both erosion resistance and eco-friendliness; Most devices are fully open or fully closed control and cannot be adjusted locally or in stages; It is highly dependent on energy, and some equipment has high power consumption and failure rate during long-term operation.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a slope dynamic adjustment system with a reasonable structure, sensitive response, low energy consumption, high degree of automation and adaptability to different water flow conditions, so as to more effectively improve the protection performance and service life of the slope and adapt to the changing hydrological environment in the future. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic water flow regulation system for river bank slope protection. The present invention breaks through the technical bottleneck of traditional river bank slope protection, which is "rigid, single, and passive defense", and provides systematic innovation in "dynamic regulation, deformation response, energy-efficient management and intelligent control". It greatly improves the adaptability, protection effect and operation efficiency of the slope, and has broad application prospects and promotion value in scenarios such as river management, mountain slope protection, and urban rain and flood emergency.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: A dynamic water flow regulation system for river bank slope protection, the system comprising: A layer of disordered curled three-dimensional network structure covering the outer surface of the slope. The network structure is made of high-strength material and has a multi-scale disordered curling state. It can produce disturbance, diversion and deceleration effects when the water comes into contact with it; A rollable hard film is provided on the outer surface of the mesh structure. The hard film normally covers the mesh structure surface and has a smooth front surface to facilitate water flow. When a flood occurs or the water flow rate exceeds a set threshold, the hard film is rolled up by a rolling device to expose the mesh structure underneath. a winding device for driving the hard film to roll up or unroll, the winding device comprising a rope take-up mechanism driven by an electric motor and a sensor device for monitoring the winding state; An integrated automated control system, including a water level sensor, a flow rate sensor, and a control module, is used to control the state of the hard membrane based on real-time hydrological parameters; The system is installed on a river bank, a river bottom or other areas where slope protection is required. The curling device and the control system are both modularly packaged and have waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties.

[0011] Wherein, a concrete frame beam structure is provided on the slope surface, the mesh structure is tensioned inside the concrete frame beam, and the mesh structure forms a tensioned state between the concrete frame beams through an elastic support unit provided inside.

[0012] The mesh structure is composed of a composite of high-density polyethylene and elastic metal wire; the hard film is made of a high-strength polymer substrate, and the surface is coated with nano-hydrophobic material and a photocatalytic self-cleaning coating.

[0013] The concrete frame beams are arranged in a rectangular or trapezoidal shape, staggered along the vertical and horizontal directions of the slope, and are provided with anchor grooves or embedded parts for fixing the mesh structure.

[0014] Wherein, the elastic support unit is an elastic rod or an elastic pull rope, which is respectively connected to the anchor groove or embedded part on the concrete frame beam.

[0015] The bottom of the space enclosed by the concrete frame beams is in a concave arc shape.

[0016] Among them, the hard membrane is wound on a reel, and a torsion spring is arranged between the reel and the support for fixing the reel; the rope winding mechanism includes multiple ropes and guide strips extending up and down along the slope; the guide strip is suspended above the concrete frame beam as a whole and one end of the guide strip is fixed on the concrete frame beam; one end of the rope is connected to the hard membrane, and the other end is connected to the winding structure of the electric motor fixed on the river bank; when the hard membrane is stretched upward and unfolded, it moves along the gap between the guide strip and the concrete frame beam.

[0017] The reel is installed at the lower part of the slope, and the upper end of the guide bar is fixed on the concrete frame beam; the hard membrane is pulled from the lower part of the slope to the upper part of the slope by the tension rope.

[0018] The reel is installed on the upper part of the slope, and the lower end of the guide bar is fixed on the concrete frame beam; the lower part of the slope is also provided with a steering guide wheel for steering the guide rope; the hard membrane is pulled from the upper part of the slope to the lower part of the slope by the rope.

[0019] Among them, the control system supports wireless remote monitoring and control, adopts the low-power LoRa communication protocol and combines it with the edge computing platform for local early warning and operation.

[0020] The dynamic water flow regulation system for riverbank slope protection provided by this invention has significant innovative and practical advantages over existing passive slope protection devices (such as fixed structure nets, anti-scour boards, single-structure fences, etc.) in the following aspects: 1. The existing technology generally adopts a static structural design, which cannot adjust the protection status in real time according to the water flow conditions. The present invention integrates a water level sensor, a flow rate sensor and an intelligent control system to automatically judge hydrological changes and control the winding and unfolding of the hard membrane, freely switching between static protection and dynamic shock reduction to adapt to changing water conditions; it supports graded expansion control and can intelligently switch the membrane surface coverage according to different water levels to avoid the problems of "over-protection" or "under-protection".

[0021] 2. Most existing slope protection structures can only passively block water flow or be fixed on the slope surface and cannot actively deform. The present invention introduces a concave arc bottom + a bulging mesh structure design. When the flow rate is large, the water backflow will bulge the mesh structure outward into an arc surface, causing it to actively expand outward and come into direct contact with the water flow, effectively expanding the disturbance range and extending the water flow path. This mechanism is naturally triggered by water power and does not require additional energy input. It has a highly efficient, passive and active integrated adaptive energy reduction mechanism.

[0022] 3. Traditional slope protection often relies on a single material or structure, such as geotextile, concrete, gabion cage, etc., which are easily worn and failed due to long-term water erosion. This system adopts a double-layer collaborative mechanism of "hard membrane + high-elastic mesh structure": in normal times, the hard membrane bears the water flow pressure and protects the underlying structure; during floods, the elastic mesh structure is mainly used to resist impact, forming an effective "energy buffer layer", greatly improving the impact resistance, service life and disaster recovery ability of the entire slope system.

[0023] 4. The membrane expansion ratio can be set remotely through the background to implement multi-level adjustment strategies (such as: 30%, 60%, 100% expansion); at the same time, it has the ability to operate locally independently. Combined with the edge computing module, even if remote control fails, local decisions can be made to improve emergency response capabilities; support multi-system linkage deployment to facilitate unified management of regional rivers.

[0024] In summary, the present invention breaks through the technical bottlenecks of traditional riverbank slope protection, which are "rigid, single, and passive in defense", and provides systematic innovation in "dynamic adjustment, deformation response, efficient energy management, and intelligent control". It greatly improves the adaptability, protection effect, and operational efficiency of the slope, and has broad application prospects and promotion value in scenarios such as river management, mountain slope protection, and urban rain and flood emergency response. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a slope covered with a hard film according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view at the center circle A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front side of the slope after the hard film is rolled up; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh structure of the rolled-up hard film of the present invention; In the figure, 1. mesh structure; 2. hard membrane; 3. electric motor; 4. concrete frame beam; 5. reel; 6. pull rope; 7. guide strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment discloses a dynamic water flow regulation system installed on a river bank slope, comprising: Mesh structure 1: Made of a composite of high-density polyethylene filaments and elastic metal wires, it forms a three-dimensional mesh with a multi-scale, disordered, and curly structure. Its moderate tightness allows it to adhere naturally to the slope surface, creating flow disturbance, deceleration, and diversion when impacted by water. This mesh is secured and tensioned by elastic support units within the concrete frame beams 4 on the slope surface, creating a stable structure.

[0028] Rollable Hard Film 2: Made of polycarbonate (PC) or aramid-reinforced polymer, with a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, this film is coated with a nanoscale hydrophobic layer (e.g., silica particles) and a TiO2 photocatalytic layer, providing both water-repellent and self-cleaning properties. Normally, it covers the surface of the mesh structure 1. During floods or strong currents, a control system drives it to rapidly retract, exposing the energy-intensive, flow-disrupting mesh structure layer.

[0029] Winding device: This device includes a reel 5 installed at the bottom or top of the slope, which winds the hard film 2. A torsion spring mechanism is installed on the reel to restore the film to its original position in the event of a power outage. Multiple pull cords 6 are installed on either side of the hard film, extending to an electric motor 3 that controls the reeling. The guide bars are curved aluminum alloy rods installed every 1 meter along the longitudinal direction of the slope to guide the lifting and lowering of the hard film and to compress it.

[0030] Automatic control system: The system includes: integrated water level and flow rate sensors (installed upstream and in the middle); edge computing control module (embedded in the slope control box); electric motor control drive module; The communication module supports LoRa remote connection, and the control logic is set as follows: when the real-time water speed is greater than 1.5 m / s or the water level rises above a set threshold (such as 1.2 m), an unfolding command is issued to rewind the hard film and expose the mesh structure; when the water speed drops back to less than 1.0 m / s and the water level remains stable for more than 10 minutes, the hard film is released again to cover the surface.

[0031] Slope concrete frame beam 4: arranged vertically and horizontally along the slope to form a grid-like installation base, with embedded anchors inside for fixing the mesh structure and guide strips, and the bottom is set as a concave arc surface to enhance force distribution and water flow guidance.

[0032] Elastic support unit: A number of elastic rods are set between every two concrete frame beams. The material is high-strength glass fiber composite rods or silicone rubber ropes, which play the role of supporting and tensioning the mesh structure.

[0033] Example 2: Variation of the reel installation method Method 1 (unfolding from bottom to top): The reel 5 is installed at the bottom of the slope, the upper end of the guide strip 7 is fixed to the frame beam 4 at the top of the slope, and the pull rope 6 is pulled upward to unfold the membrane; Method 2 (unfolding from top to bottom): The reel 5 is installed on the upper part of the slope, and the pull rope 6 is turned by the guide wheel at the bottom of the slope to pull the membrane out from top to bottom. It is suitable for high and steep slopes or scenes with a large influence of the gravity direction of the water flow.

[0034] Example 3: Remote Control and Early Warning Platform The system communicates with the local embedded controller by configuring the LoRa communication module and accessing the edge computing platform to achieve the following functions: Receive hydrological data uploads in real time; Issue early warning signals based on thresholds or prediction models; The rewinding state of the rigid film can be controlled via mobile phone APP or remote computer; The system can be set with delayed winding, abnormal restart and self-check functions to enhance robustness and fault protection.

[0035] This system not only realizes fully automatic unfolding / reeling adjustment, but also introduces a graded control mechanism with adjustable degree, so that the reeling / unrolling of the hard film 2 can be adjusted to different degrees according to actual hydrological conditions, adapting to more complex or gradual water environments.

[0036] 1. Normal water flow state (full coverage) The control system detected that the water flow was stable; The electric motor 3 is started, and the pull rope 6 pulls the hard membrane 2 to fully unfold; After unfolding, the motor stops, the hard membrane surface is smooth, the water flows smoothly, and the mesh structure is protected 1; The reel 5 is compressed by the torsion spring to store the reeling energy; The system enters energy-saving standby mode and maintains monitoring.

[0037] 2. Slightly elevated water flow (partially reeled in, partially exposed mesh structure) The control system detects that the water level / flow rate is slightly higher than the set primary threshold; Issue a partial release command to release part of the pull rope; The hard film 2 is partially rolled up, so that a portion of the area is exposed to the mesh structure 1 below; This "half-shielded, half-disturbed" state is conducive to flexible adjustment under light water flow conditions without over-exposing the structure or wasting energy; The control module dynamically determines the required exposure ratio (e.g., 30%, 50%) based on the hydrological data.

[0038] 3. Significant increase in water flow or sudden flooding (complete reeling, full exposure of the mesh structure) The control system detects that the water level / flow rate reaches or exceeds the dangerous threshold; The control module issues a full release command to release all rope tension; The torsion spring drives the reel 5 to quickly and completely reel the hard film; The mesh structure 1 is completely exposed, forming a large disturbance area to minimize the impact of water flow; At this time, the core behavior of the accompanying structure is the recoil enhancement mechanism at the bottom of the concave arc surface: Water flows rapidly from above into the concave arc-shaped bottom enclosed by the concrete frame beams 4. Due to the curved structure of the bottom, the water generates a recoil effect, resulting in a localized pressure rebound. The recoiled water impacts the mesh structure 1 upward, causing it to bulge outward in a partially curved protrusion. The bulging mesh structure extends beyond the original plane of the concrete frame beams 4, creating a larger area of ​​contact with the main water flow. This structural deformation is an adaptive behavior induced by hydrodynamic forces, further enhancing the disturbance, diversion, and deceleration functions. At the same time, its elastic structure allows limited deformation, reducing concentrated stress and structural fatigue. This realizes a structural deformation response mechanism induced by hydrodynamic forces.

[0039] 4. Water flow recovery status (staged reset) The control system controls the start-up of the electric motor in stages according to the downward trend of the hydrological data; Expand the hard membrane step by step according to the preset logic (for example: cover the top first, then the middle, and finally the bottom); After each expansion section is completed, the electric motor stops automatically to control the expansion angle and range of the membrane surface; When the hydrological data returns to a safe range, the hard film returns to a fully covered state; The torsion spring is re-tightened and the system returns to standby mode.

[0040] 5. Remote Adjustment and Manual Intervention (Supporting Fine-tuning) The control system supports remote manual control of the membrane expansion ratio, which is suitable for emergencies or manual inspections; The membrane expansion percentage can be set through the graphical interface or a preset expansion mode (such as "light flow", "transitional flow" and "burst flow") can be selected; It also has LoRa communication and edge computing local strategies to ensure local adaptive response even when offline.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic water flow regulation system for river bank slope protection, characterized in that: The system comprises: A layer of disordered curled three-dimensional network structure (1) covering the outer surface of the slope, wherein the network structure (1) is made of high-strength material and has a multi-scale disordered curled structure, capable of generating disturbance, diversion and deceleration effects when water flows in contact; a layer of rollable hard film (2) disposed on the outer surface of the mesh structure, the hard film (2) normally covering the surface of the mesh structure (1) and having a smooth surface on the front side to facilitate the smooth passage of water, and being rolled up by a roll-up device to expose the mesh structure (1) below when encountering a flood or when the water flow speed exceeds a set threshold; A winding device for driving the hard film to roll up or unroll, the winding device comprising a rope winding mechanism driven by an electric motor (3) and a sensor device for monitoring the winding state; an integrated automatic control system including a water level sensor, a flow rate sensor and a control module for controlling the state of the hard membrane (2) according to real-time hydrological parameters; The system is installed on a river bank, a river bottom or other areas where slope protection is required. The curling device and the control system are both modularly packaged and have waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: A concrete frame beam (4) structure is provided on the slope surface, the mesh structure (1) is tensioned inside the concrete frame beam (4), and the mesh structure (1) forms a tensioned state between the concrete frame beams (4) through elastic support units provided inside.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The mesh structure (1) is composed of a composite of high-density polyethylene and elastic metal wire; the hard film (2) is made of a high-strength polymer substrate, and the surface is coated with a nano-hydrophobic material and a photocatalytic self-cleaning coating.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The concrete frame beams (4) are arranged in a rectangular or trapezoidal shape, staggered along the vertical and horizontal directions of the slope, and are provided with anchor grooves or embedded parts for fixing the mesh structure (1).

5. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The elastic support unit is an elastic rod or an elastic pull rope, which is respectively connected to an anchor groove or an embedded part on the concrete frame beam (4).

6. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The bottom of the space enclosed by the concrete frame beams (4) is in the shape of a concave arc surface.

7. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The hard membrane (2) is wound on a reel (5), and a torsion spring is provided between the reel (5) and a support for fixing the reel (5); the rope winding mechanism comprises a plurality of ropes (6) and a guide strip (7) extending up and down along the slope; the guide strip (7) is suspended above the concrete frame beam (4) as a whole, and one end of the guide strip (7) is fixed to the concrete frame beam (4); one end of the rope (6) is connected to the hard membrane (2), and the other end is connected to the winding structure of the electric motor (3) fixed on the river bank; when the hard membrane (2) is stretched upward and unfolded, it moves along the gap between the guide strip (7) and the concrete frame beam (4).

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The reel (5) is installed at the lower part of the slope, and the upper end of the guide bar (7) is fixed on the concrete frame beam (4); the hard membrane (2) is pulled by the tension rope (6) to unfold from the lower part of the slope to the upper part of the slope.

9. The system according to claim 7, wherein: The reel (5) is installed at the upper part of the slope, and the lower end of the guide bar (7) is fixed to the concrete frame beam (4); the lower part of the slope is also provided with a steering guide wheel for steering the guide rope (6); the hard membrane (2) is pulled by the tension rope (6) to unfold from the upper part of the slope to the lower part of the slope.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The control system supports wireless remote monitoring and control, adopts the low-power LoRa communication protocol and combines it with an edge computing platform for local early warning and operation.

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