Embedded domestic signal processing board

Abstract

The invention discloses an embedded domestic signal processing board, which relates to the technical field of signal processing circuits and comprises a power supply management module used for filtering ship electric interference through transient voltage suppression and digital ground and analog ground physical isolation and providing multi-path voltage stabilization output for wide voltage conversion; the intelligent control module is used for executing double-CAN channel dynamic switching based on physical layer monitoring and multi-mode fusion relay life prediction, and communication redundancy management and intelligent early warning are achieved; the signal processing module is used for executing high-precision current acquisition by adopting a temperature dynamic compensation algorithm and realizing pulse interference harmonic identification through real-time spectrum analysis; and the driving execution module is used for driving and controlling multiple paths of equipment through time division multiplexing and generating hierarchical light coding indication in combination with the life early warning model. According to the invention, 100% homemade replacement of ship key equipment is realized through full-link autonomous design, the reliability of the system is remarkably improved, and communication redundancy guarantee and accurate early warning of the equipment state are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of signal processing circuits, and in particular to an embedded domestically produced signal processing board. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of a ship's electrical box, the embedded marine signal processing board (EMB) performs critical functions, including voltage output and signal input and output. Its performance directly impacts the reliability of a ship's communications, navigation, and control systems. Current technical solutions generally rely on imported master control chips and peripheral components such as resistors and capacitors, leading to two core issues: First, the discontinuation of production of a specific chip necessitates circuit redesign, which not only prolongs development cycles and increases costs but also requires long-term verification of the new solution's stability, impacting equipment iteration efficiency and operational continuity. Second, voltage fluctuations and high-frequency interference in a ship's power system can easily cause glitches in signal transmission, leading to distortion in voice equipment output. Traditional filtering and voltage stabilization designs have limited effectiveness in suppressing complex interference patterns.

[0003] The particularity of the ship environment exacerbates technical challenges: the high humidity and high salt spray environment accelerates component corrosion and PCB aging, leading to changes in contact impedance and signal attenuation; the electromagnetic coupling interference of multi-source equipment (such as radar and sonar) forms superimposed noise in the limited cabin space, significantly reducing the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0004] Furthermore, structural sealing requirements (such as waterproof speaker design) conflict with heat dissipation requirements, restricting hardware layout flexibility and increasing thermal management difficulties. For example, traditional heat sink designs are prone to forming localized hot spots within the sealed housing, affecting the long-term stability of the main control chip.

[0005] However, domestic alternatives still face bottlenecks in high-density integrated design: the yield rate of multi-layer stacked PCBs (such as HDI blind and buried via structures) is relatively low under domestic processes, and the integration accuracy of embedded passive components (capacitors and inductors) is insufficient, resulting in increased signal delays; long-term environmental adaptability verification data is missing, especially in deep-sea high-pressure environments, resulting in a high chip failure rate. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an embedded domestically produced signal processing board to address the above technical problems.

[0007] The present invention provides an embedded domestically produced signal processing board, comprising:

[0008] The power management module is used to filter out shipboard electrical interference through transient voltage suppression and physical isolation of digital and analog grounds, and provide multi-channel regulated outputs with wide voltage conversion;

[0009] Intelligent control module, used to perform dual CAN channel dynamic switching based on physical layer monitoring and relay life prediction based on multi-modal fusion, realizing communication redundancy management and intelligent early warning;

[0010] A signal processing module for performing high-precision current acquisition using a temperature dynamic compensation algorithm and identifying pulse interference harmonics through real-time spectrum analysis;

[0011] A drive execution module is used to drive and control multiple devices through time-division multiplexing, and generate hierarchical optical coding instructions in combination with a life warning model;

[0012] The power management module, intelligent control module, signal processing module and drive execution module are all integrated on a multi-layer printed circuit board.

[0013] Furthermore, the power management module includes:

[0014] Transient voltage control unit, used to prevent damage from instantaneous high voltage or overcurrent by adopting circuit protection mechanism;

[0015] Physical isolation layer, used to configure digital ground and analog ground, and the digital ground and analog ground are independent of each other to prevent digital harmonics from interfering with the current input signal;

[0016] Wide voltage input converter, used to convert shipboard power into DC 3.3V / 5V / 24V output signal.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent control module includes:

[0018] The main control circuit is used to perform dual CAN channel switching, activate the backup channel when the main channel fails, and generate an early warning signal based on the number of on-off times based on the relay life prediction model;

[0019] The CAN communication circuit is used to establish a communication bridge between the board and the mainboard, supporting the host computer to issue instructions to the board. When switching between dual CAN channels, the impedance value preset by the DIP switch is called to achieve matching network adjustment. After the backup channel is enabled, it inherits the original ID configuration and transmits heartbeat messages.

[0020] The onboard indicator light circuit is used to show whether the power input of the power management module is normal, serving as a reference indicator for the normal operation of the main control circuit, and obtaining the optical signal feedback from the main control circuit to transmit early warning signals through optical display;

[0021] The board ID configuration circuit is used to configure the 6-bit DIP switch. By analyzing the status of the 6-bit DIP switch, it automatically loads the historical ID configuration and cooperates with the CAN communication circuit to feedback the board ID to the mainboard.

[0022] Furthermore, performing dual CAN channel switching and enabling the backup channel when the main channel fails includes:

[0023] During the initialization phase, hardware monitoring parameters are configured. A comparator is built into the main control chip in the main control circuit and set to be dominant. The preset impedance value is stored by reusing the DIP switch of the board ID configuration circuit to provide a reference parameter for dynamic switching.

[0024] The comparator detects the duration of the bus dominant level in real time. If the duration exceeds the preset duration threshold, it is determined that the main channel has failed and an interrupt event is triggered.

[0025] Read the impedance flag preset by the DIP switch, automatically adjust the matching resistance value of the backup channel, control the digital potentiometer to adjust the resistor network, and remap the GPIO pin to the backup CAN controller through the register;

[0026] The timer's forced termination of the current loop structure function (Break function) is called to forcibly reset the main transceiver, and the backup transceiver is activated within a preset time limit, the receiving filter of the backup CAN controller is started, and the Morse coded optical signal is synchronously sent through the on-board indicator circuit;

[0027] Monitor the operating status of the backup channel in real time, record the switching time in the backup register, and send heartbeat messages to the host computer through the CAN communication circuit.

[0028] Furthermore, the impedance flag preset by the dip switch is read, the matching resistance value of the standby channel is automatically adjusted, and the digital potentiometer is controlled to adjust the resistance network, including:

[0029] Read the 6th DIP switch status of the board ID configuration circuit, convert it into the impedance preset value, and store it in the backup register;

[0030] When the comparator detects that the dominant level of the main CAN channel lasts longer than the preset duration threshold, the main control chip obtains the preset impedance value from the backup register, controls the digital potentiometer to adjust the matching network, and remaps the backup CAN channel pin at the same time;

[0031] While adjusting the matching resistor, the main control chip completes three operations within the set time: resetting the main transceiver, enabling the backup transceiver, and switching GPIO remapping;

[0032] After the dual-channel switching is completed, the main control chip detects the actual voltage of the matching network through the ADC, calculates the impedance value, and compares the error with the preset value. If the error is greater than the preset error threshold, a secondary calibration is triggered.

[0033] Furthermore, based on the relay life prediction model, the early warning signal is generated according to the number of on-off times, including:

[0034] The coil current waveform, drive voltage drop value and ambient temperature are collected synchronously at each relay on-off moment, and physical characteristic quantities are extracted respectively as input vectors for life prediction.

[0035] The collected physical characteristics are input into a dynamic weighted model, characteristic weights are assigned to each physical characteristic, and the equivalent life loss coefficient of the current on-off operation is calculated. The loss coefficient of each on-off operation is accumulated and calculated. When the accumulated loss reaches the preset accumulated loss threshold, a graded warning prompt is activated and a color-coded signal is sent through the on-board indicator light circuit.

[0036] When the relay actually fails, the failure data is manually reported back to reversely correct the feature weight and cumulative loss threshold parameters, and the optimized data is saved in the memory sector.

[0037] Furthermore, the coil current waveform, drive voltage drop value and ambient temperature at each relay on-off moment are synchronously collected, including:

[0038] The Darlington transistor emitter voltage of the multiplexed switching output circuit is connected to the ADC channel of the main control chip after voltage division. When the relay is closed, the ADC is triggered to collect synchronous data. Channel 1 collects the coil current rise time, channel 2 collects the driver tube voltage drop, and channel 3 collects the onboard temperature.

[0039] Furthermore, the signal processing module includes:

[0040] The current acquisition circuit is used to configure the sampling resistor to convert the current signal into voltage, and is equipped with a temperature dynamic compensation algorithm to provide a stable sampling signal for the main control circuit to ensure signal accuracy;

[0041] The current output circuit is used to input the digital quantity of the I2C protocol signal into the digital-to-analog conversion chip, linearly convert the digital quantity into an analog current output, and provide overvoltage protection to maintain a stable voltage output;

[0042] The pulse acquisition circuit is used to configure the positive phase three-state bus compatible output in both sending and receiving, collect pulse signals, and use real-time spectrum analysis to identify interfering harmonics.

[0043] Furthermore, the pulse acquisition circuit is provided with a bus transceiver, the transmit / receive input terminal is a high level input, the enable terminal is a low level input, and has a positive phase three-state bus compatible output in both the transmit and receive directions;

[0044] The pulse signal is a 0Hz-5kHz square wave signal, including a pulse signal with an amplitude of 22V and a duty cycle of 50% and a pulse signal with an amplitude of 5V and a duty cycle of 50%.

[0045] Furthermore, the driver execution module includes:

[0046] A switching output circuit, configured with a Darlington transistor array driving relays, is used to alternately control multiple devices through a time-division multiplexing algorithm;

[0047] The switch input circuit is equipped with an optocoupler, which is used to identify the passive switch state through debouncing and cooperate with the CAN communication circuit to transmit the optocoupler level information to the main board;

[0048] The indicator light drive circuit is equipped with a Darlington transistor array and a current-limiting resistor for time-sharing LED driving. A current-limiting resistor is also provided to prevent overcurrent damage to the external indicator light.

[0049] The voltage output circuit is controlled by PWM on the gate of the field effect tube to achieve a soft start output with adjustable slope.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 100% domestic substitution of key ship equipment is achieved through full-link autonomous design, and excellent performance is demonstrated in complex shipborne environments; by integrating physical layer monitoring and intelligent algorithms, the system reliability is significantly improved, and the power management module adopts digital ground / analog ground isolation technology to effectively suppress ship electrical harmonic interference; the intelligent control module realizes communication redundancy protection and accurate equipment status warning through dynamic switching of dual CAN channels and multi-source feature life prediction; the signal processing module combines temperature compensation and real-time spectrum analysis to ensure current acquisition accuracy and pulse interference identification capability; the drive execution module innovatively adopts time-sharing multiplexing technology to achieve multi-device collaborative control while streamlining the hardware structure.

[0051] The entire board is reinforced with a salt-spray-resistant multi-layer PCB design and embedded installation to meet the stringent operating conditions of ships, such as high humidity, explosion-proofness, and low voltage. The intelligent adjustment mechanism of the internal DIP switch further reduces maintenance complexity, thereby combining strong anti-interference capabilities, high-precision control, and fault self-diagnosis capabilities, providing an autonomous and controllable integrated solution for key tasks such as ship power output and signal processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 This is a principle block diagram of a built-in domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a working principle diagram of a built-in domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3This is a circuit diagram of a power management module (power filtering and conversion circuit) in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 1 is a circuit diagram of a main control circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 1 is a circuit diagram of a CAN communication circuit in a built-in domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of an on-board indicator light circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 1 is a circuit diagram of a board ID configuration circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 1 is a circuit diagram of a current acquisition circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 9 1 is a circuit diagram of a current output circuit in a built-in domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 10 1 is a circuit diagram of a pulse acquisition circuit in a built-in domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 11 1 is a circuit diagram of a switch output circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 12 1 is a circuit diagram of a switch input circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 13 1. It is a circuit diagram of an indicator light driving circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 14 This is one of the circuit diagrams of a voltage output circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 15 This is the second circuit schematic diagram of a voltage output circuit in an embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure numbers: 1. Power management module; 2. Intelligent control module; 3. Signal processing module; 4. Drive execution module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0070] See also Figure 1 , provides an embedded domestically produced signal processing board, including: a power management module 1, an intelligent control module 2, a signal processing module 3 and a drive execution module 4;

[0071] The power management module 1 , the intelligent control module 2 , the signal processing module 3 and the drive execution module 4 are all integrated into a multi-layer printed circuit board.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the hardware structure of the embedded domestically produced signal processing board is closely centered around the main control circuit (internal MCU) to build a multi-level collaborative system. Figure 2 As shown on the left, the AC220V input is converted through a multi-stage power conversion module (AC220V to DC24V → DC24V to DC5V) to form a basic power supply network. Power management module 1 not only provides wide-voltage input conversion, but its layout also achieves digital ground / analog ground separation through a physical isolation layer, meeting the harmonic suppression requirements of the power management module.

[0073] The main control circuit (main control chip) obtains the board ID configuration through a 6-bit DIP switch and drives the CAN bus transceiver to achieve communication control. The 6th bit of the DIP switch can be multiplexed as an impedance flag. The main control dynamically adjusts the matching resistor when switching between two channels. The terminal resistor network connected to the periphery of the transceiver provides a physical carrier for the digital potentiometer adjustment.

[0074] At the signal processing level, the main control chip collaborates with an operational amplifier array to perform current acquisition. This array converts the 4-20mA current signal into a voltage via precision sampling resistors. Its analog front-end layout strictly adheres to the principle of digital / analog ground separation. Furthermore, the bus transceiver of the pulse acquisition channel directly connects to external interfaces, supporting 0Hz-5kHz square wave acquisition and the signal input required for real-time spectrum analysis.

[0075] The drive execution part realizes time-sharing multiplexing control through the cascade structure of optocoupler isolation and Darlington tube array (the figure clearly shows the connection between the relay driver chip and the Darlington tube): the PWM signal sent by the main control drives the relay chip through optocoupler isolation, and synchronously captures the driver tube voltage drop ΔV at the moment of controlling the on and off of the relay. The time-sharing multiplexing characteristics of the Darlington array enable the same set of drive circuits to alternately control the relay and the indicator light, supporting the hierarchical optical coding output of the life warning model.

[0076] Structurally, the multi-layer printed circuit board houses the digital control components (main controller / MCU) on the top layer, with a power ground layer embedded in the inner layer for full-area electromagnetic shielding. The bottom layer houses the analog acquisition module. All external interfaces (CAN / pulse input / relay output) are embedded and reinforced through a potting process. The metal casing ground terminal is directly connected to the internal digital ground, meeting waterproof and explosion-proof requirements. Through hardware resource reuse and optimization, the entire board achieves core performance of communication redundancy switching <100μs and life warning accuracy >95%, while ensuring 100% localization.

[0077] Peripheral devices include mainboards, signal transmitters, indicator lights, switches, and other electrical equipment.

[0078] In the description of the present invention, the power management module 1 is used to filter out shipboard power interference through transient voltage suppression and physical isolation of digital and analog grounds, and provide multi-channel regulated outputs with wide voltage conversion.

[0079] The power management module 1 includes:

[0080] The transient voltage control unit is used to prevent damage caused by transient high voltage or overcurrent by adopting circuit protection mechanism.

[0081] The physical isolation layer is used to configure the digital ground and analog ground, and the digital ground and analog ground are independent of each other to prevent digital harmonics from interfering with the current input signal.

[0082] Wide voltage input converter, used to convert shipboard power into DC 3.3V / 5V / 24V output signal.

[0083] Specifically, the power filtering and conversion circuit is equipped with a domestic varistor (RV2) to eliminate surge currents such as lightning strikes; it is equipped with a domestic power filter to eliminate power surges and interference such as noise in the power supply; it is equipped with a domestic AC220 to DC24V power supply module to provide voltage for the entire board; it is equipped with a DC24V to DC5V power supply module to power the relay of the switching output circuit and the optocoupler of the switching input circuit; it is equipped with two domestic DC5V to DC3V power supply modules. The outputs of these two power supply modules are isolated from each other and are divided into digital ground and analog ground to prevent digital harmonics from interfering with the current input signal: one voltage provides voltage for the main control circuit, CAN communication circuit, board ID configuration circuit, and current output circuit, and the other voltage supplies power to the current acquisition circuit.

[0084] The power filtering and conversion circuitry features circuit protection mechanisms to prevent damage from transient high voltages (such as lightning strikes) or overcurrent. Separate digital and analog grounds prevent digital harmonics from interfering with input current signals. A voltage conversion circuit provides power to each chip. This circuit is particularly effective when the ship's electrical system is unstable, effectively filtering out interference signals.

[0085] In the description of the present invention, the intelligent control module 2 is used to perform dynamic switching of dual CAN channels based on physical layer monitoring and relay life prediction based on multi-modal fusion, thereby realizing communication redundancy management and intelligent early warning.

[0086] Among them, the intelligent control module 2 includes:

[0087] The main control circuit is used to perform dual CAN channel switching, enable the backup channel when the main channel fails, and generate an early warning signal according to the number of on-off cycles based on the relay life prediction model.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, the main control circuit features a domestically produced MCU integrated circuit, the core component of the entire board. The selected integrated circuit operates in a wide-voltage mode, comes with its own backup battery power supply and backup registers, a built-in CAN bus controller, and a rich set of expansion interfaces. This circuit sends heartbeat messages to the mainboard according to a pre-programmed program; it processes externally collected information and commands from the mainboard; and transmits the processed feedback to the host computer via the CAN communication circuit.

[0089] The main control circuit realizes the control and communication functions of each sub-circuit of the signal processing board. The selected integrated chip has a wide voltage working mode, built-in backup battery power and backup registers, built-in CAN bus controller, and has rich expansion interfaces.

[0090] In the description of the present invention, performing dual CAN channel switching and enabling the backup channel when the main channel fails includes:

[0091] S211, in the initialization phase, hardware monitoring parameters are configured. A comparator is built into the main control chip in the main control circuit, and the comparator is set to be dominant. The preset impedance value is stored by reusing the dip switch of the board ID configuration circuit to provide a reference parameter for dynamic switching.

[0092] S212 , detecting the duration of the bus dominant level in real time through a comparator. If the duration exceeds a preset duration threshold, it is determined that a fault occurs in the main channel, and an interrupt event is triggered.

[0093] S213, read the impedance flag preset by the DIP switch, automatically adjust the matching resistance value of the backup channel, control the digital potentiometer to adjust the resistance network, and remap the GPIO pin to the backup CAN controller through the register.

[0094] In the description of the present invention, reading the impedance flag preset by the dip switch, automatically adjusting the matching resistance value of the standby channel, and controlling the digital potentiometer to adjust the resistance network include:

[0095] S2131, read the 6th bit DIP switch status of the board ID configuration circuit, convert it into the impedance preset value, and store it in the backup register;

[0096] S2132. When the comparator detects that the duration of the dominant level of the main CAN channel exceeds the preset duration threshold, the main control chip obtains the preset impedance value from the backup register, controls the digital potentiometer to adjust the matching network, and remaps the backup CAN channel pin at the same time.

[0097] S2133. While adjusting the matching resistor, the main control chip completes the three operations of resetting the main transceiver, enabling the backup transceiver, and switching GPIO remapping within a set time.

[0098] S2134. After the dual-channel switching is completed, the main control chip detects the actual voltage of the matching network through the ADC, calculates the impedance value, and compares the error with the preset value. If the error is greater than the preset error threshold, a secondary calibration is triggered.

[0099] S214. Call the timer's forced termination function (Break function) to forcibly reset the main transceiver, activate the standby transceiver within a preset time limit, start the receiving filter of the standby CAN controller, and synchronously send the Morse coded optical signal through the on-board indicator light circuit.

[0100] S215 , monitor the operating status of the backup channel in real time, record the switching time in the backup register, and send a heartbeat message to the host computer through the CAN communication circuit.

[0101] In the description of the present invention, based on the relay life prediction model, generating an early warning signal according to the number of on-off times includes:

[0102] S221. Synchronously collect the coil current waveform, drive voltage drop value, and ambient temperature at each relay on-off moment, and extract physical characteristic quantities as life prediction input vectors.

[0103] In the description of the present invention, synchronously collecting the coil current waveform, driving voltage drop value and ambient temperature at each relay on-off moment includes:

[0104] The Darlington transistor emitter voltage of the multiplexed switching output circuit is connected to the ADC channel of the main control chip after voltage division. When the relay is closed, the ADC is triggered to collect synchronous data. Channel 1 collects the coil current rise time, channel 2 collects the driver tube voltage drop, and channel 3 collects the onboard temperature.

[0105] S222: Input the collected physical characteristics into a dynamic weighting model, assign characteristic weights to each physical characteristic, and calculate the equivalent life loss coefficient for the current switching operation. The loss coefficient for each switching operation is cumulatively calculated. When the cumulative loss reaches a preset cumulative loss threshold, a graded warning prompt is activated, and a color-coded signal is sent via an on-board indicator circuit.

[0106] S223. When the relay actually fails, the failure data is manually reported back, the feature weight and cumulative loss threshold parameters are reversely corrected, and the optimized data is saved in the memory sector.

[0107] The CAN communication circuit is used to establish a communication bridge between the board and the mainboard, supporting the host computer to issue instructions to the board. When switching between dual CAN channels, the impedance value preset by the DIP switch is executed to achieve matching network adjustment. After the backup channel is enabled, it inherits the original ID configuration and transmits heartbeat messages.

[0108] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the CAN communication circuit is provided with a dip switch to configure the matching resistance of the CAN communication circuit; this circuit serves as a communication bridge between the mainboard and the host computer, supporting the host computer to issue commands to the board, and also supporting the board to send heartbeat messages and feedback signals to the host computer.

[0109] The on-board indicator light circuit is used to show whether the power input of the power management module is normal, serving as a reference indicator for the normal operation of the main control circuit, and obtaining the optical signal feedback from the main control circuit to transmit early warning signals through light display.

[0110] like Figure 6 As shown, the indicator light circuit on the board is equipped with three power indicator lights, which respectively display whether the AC220 to DC24V conversion module, DC24V to DC5V power module, and DC5V to DC3V power module are working normally; there are four MCU indicator lights. When the MCU is working normally, the MCU indicator light is on, and when the MCU is reset, the MCU indicator light is off.

[0111] The onboard indicator light circuit includes a power input indicator and a chip control indicator. This circuit can show whether the circuit power input is normal, which can serve as a reference indicator for whether the chip is working properly.

[0112] The board ID configuration circuit is used to configure the 6-bit DIP switch. By analyzing the status of the 6-bit DIP switch, it automatically loads the historical ID configuration and cooperates with the CAN communication circuit to feedback the board ID to the mainboard.

[0113] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the board ID configuration circuit has a 6-position DIP switch. Turning the DIP switch on or off sets the signal "0" or "1" recognized by the main control circuit. Different combinations of the 6-position DIP switches configure the board ID. This circuit, in conjunction with the CAN communication circuit, can transmit the corresponding board ID to the mainboard.

[0114] In the description of the present invention, the signal processing module 3 is used to perform high-precision current acquisition using a temperature dynamic compensation algorithm and to identify pulse interference harmonics through real-time spectrum analysis.

[0115] The signal processing module 3 includes:

[0116] The current acquisition circuit is used to configure the sampling resistor, convert the current signal into voltage, and is equipped with a temperature dynamic compensation algorithm to provide a stable sampling signal for the main control circuit to ensure signal accuracy.

[0117] like Figure 8 As shown, the current acquisition circuit is equipped with a 0.1% high-precision sampling resistor, so that the accuracy of the collected current is not less than 2 decimal places; it is equipped with a domestic operational amplifier with the characteristics of zero drift and low offset, which provides a stable signal for the main control circuit and ensures the accuracy of the signal.

[0118] The current acquisition circuit has a current collection range of 4 to 20 mA and is equipped with a 0.1% high-precision sampling resistor to ensure that the accuracy of the collected current is not less than 2 decimal places; it is equipped with an operational amplifier with zero drift and low offset characteristics to provide a stable signal for the main control circuit to ensure signal accuracy.

[0119] The current output circuit is used to input the digital quantity of the I2C protocol signal into the digital-to-analog conversion chip, linearly convert the digital quantity into analog current output, and provide overvoltage protection to maintain stable voltage output.

[0120] like Figure 9As shown, the current output circuit features a digital-to-analog conversion chip. The motherboard transmits the desired output current to the main control circuit in the form of a CAN signal. The main control circuit converts the received information into an I2C signal and transmits it to the digital-to-analog conversion chip. The digital-to-analog conversion chip linearly converts the data into a 4-20mA analog current output. A high-precision sampling resistor ensures the output current accuracy is linearly ≤0.1%. A voltage regulator diode is provided to ensure that the output voltage does not exceed 15V.

[0121] The pulse acquisition circuit is used to configure the positive phase three-state bus compatible output in both sending and receiving, collect pulse signals, and use real-time spectrum analysis to identify interfering harmonics.

[0122] like Figure 10 As shown, the pulse acquisition circuit can collect square wave signals with a pulse signal range of 0Hz-5kHz. It features a bus transceiver with a high-level transmit / receive input (DIR), a low-level enable input, an input terminal (An), and an output terminal (Bn), where Bn = An. It provides positive-phase, three-state bus-compatible outputs in both the transmit and receive directions. A set of DIP switches is included. When the DIP switches are open, pulse signals with an amplitude of 22V and a 50% duty cycle are collected; when the DIP switches are closed, pulse signals with an amplitude of 5V and a 50% duty cycle are collected.

[0123] In the description of the present invention, the driving execution module 4 is used to drive and control multiple devices through time-division multiplexing, and generate hierarchical optical coding indications in combination with the life warning model.

[0124] The drive execution module 4 includes:

[0125] The switching output circuit is equipped with a Darlington transistor array to drive the relay, which is used to alternately control multiple devices through a time-sharing multiplexing algorithm.

[0126] like Figure 11 As shown, the switching output circuit is equipped with a relay module to isolate the input and output circuits. A voltage differential in the relay input circuit closes the relay output circuit; no voltage differential in the relay input circuit opens the relay output circuit. A Darlington transistor array chip is also included: when the Darlington transistor input is high, a voltage differential in the relay input circuit closes the relay output circuit; otherwise, the relay output circuit opens.

[0127] The switching output circuit is a circuit controllable by the main control circuit. The circuit is equipped with a Darlington transistor array chip and a relay module. By controlling the Darlington transistor array chip, a voltage difference is formed in the input circuit of the driving relay, thereby closing the output circuit of the relay and realizing the "automatic switching" of the switching output circuit.

[0128] The switch input circuit is equipped with an optocoupler, which is used to identify the passive switch state through debouncing, and cooperates with the CAN communication circuit to transmit the optocoupler level information to the main board.

[0129] like Figure 12 As shown, the switch input circuit features a power conversion module that outputs DC_5V, providing a positive voltage to the optocoupler input while isolating the optocoupler's input and output grounds. It also has an external interface that can be equipped with an external passive switch. This external interface has a common terminal, which is the DC_5V output of the power module. The external passive switch controls whether the optocoupler input receives a positive voltage. An optocoupler is included, isolating the optocoupler's input and output grounds. When the external passive switch is open, the optocoupler is inactive, and the main control circuit can collect low-level signals. When the switch is closed, the optocoupler is active, and the main control circuit can collect high-level signals.

[0130] The switch input circuit is a DC5V signal acquisition circuit. This circuit is equipped with an optocoupler, and the peripheral device is equipped with a passive switch. When the switch is closed, the main control circuit detects a high level of the optocoupler. When the external switch is open, the main control circuit detects a low level of the optocoupler. In conjunction with the CAN communication circuit, the optocoupler level information can be transmitted to the main board.

[0131] The indicator light driving circuit is equipped with a Darlington tube array and a current limiting resistor, which is used to perform LED time-sharing driving and is provided with a current limiting resistor to prevent the external indicator light from being damaged by overcurrent.

[0132] like Figure 13 As shown, the indicator light driver circuit features an 8-way Darlington transistor array chip (this circuit uses 6 of them) to control the voltage output of the indicator light driver circuit. The external indicator light shares a common anode. When the indicator light driver circuit's external interface output is low, the external indicator light illuminates; otherwise, it turns off. In this circuit, if the Darlington transistor input is set to a low level by default, the circuit's external interface output is high, and the external indicator light turns off. If the Darlington transistor input is set to a high level via a CAN command, the circuit's external interface output is low, and the external indicator light turns on.

[0133] The indicator light drive circuit is a circuit controllable by the main control circuit. The circuit is equipped with a Darlington transistor array chip, which can effectively control the voltage output of the indicator light drive circuit; a current limiting resistor is provided to protect the external indicator light from being damaged by overcurrent.

[0134] The voltage output circuit is controlled by PWM on the gate of the field effect tube to achieve a soft start output with adjustable slope.

[0135] like Figure 14-15As shown, the voltage output circuit is provided with a direct output voltage circuit, which is the output circuit of the AC220V to DC24V power conversion module, with a total of 10 outputs, 3 of which are provided with fuses to limit their output current; a voltage output circuit with controllable output is provided, which is provided with a field effect transistor, which is controlled by one of the Darlington transistor array chips in the indicator light drive circuit, and the source of the field effect transistor is connected to DC24V: the Darlington transistor input port is at a low level by default, the field effect transistor gate is at a low level, the field effect transistor source and drain are disconnected, and the output voltage is 0V; the Darlington transistor input port is controlled to a high level through the CAN command, the field effect transistor gate is at a high level, the field effect transistor source and drain are turned on, and the output voltage is DC24V.

[0136] The voltage output circuit is provided with a direct output circuit of a power conversion module; a circuit controllable by a main control circuit is provided, the circuit is provided with a field effect tube, and the main control circuit controls the shutdown of the field effect tube to realize soft voltage output.

[0137] To sum up, with the help of the above-mentioned technical solutions of the present invention, 100% domestic substitution of key ship equipment is achieved through full-link autonomous design, and excellent performance is demonstrated in complex shipborne environments; by integrating physical layer monitoring and intelligent algorithms, the system reliability is significantly improved, and the power management module adopts digital ground / analog ground isolation technology to effectively suppress ship electrical harmonic interference; the intelligent control module realizes communication redundancy protection and accurate equipment status warning through dynamic switching of dual CAN channels and multi-source feature life prediction; the signal processing module combines temperature compensation and real-time spectrum analysis to ensure current acquisition accuracy and pulse interference identification capability; the drive execution module innovatively adopts time-sharing multiplexing technology to achieve multi-device collaborative control while streamlining the hardware structure.

[0138] The entire board is reinforced with a salt-spray-resistant multi-layer PCB design and embedded installation to meet the stringent operating conditions of ships, such as high humidity, explosion-proofness, and low voltage. The intelligent adjustment mechanism of the internal DIP switch further reduces maintenance complexity, thereby combining strong anti-interference capabilities, high-precision control, and fault self-diagnosis capabilities, providing an autonomous and controllable integrated solution for key tasks such as ship power output and signal processing.

[0139] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

Claims

1. A built-in domestically produced signal processing board, characterized in that: include: The power management module is used to filter out shipboard electrical interference through transient voltage suppression and physical isolation of digital and analog grounds, and provide multi-channel regulated outputs with wide voltage conversion; Intelligent control module, used to perform dual CAN channel dynamic switching based on physical layer monitoring and relay life prediction based on multi-modal fusion, realizing communication redundancy management and intelligent early warning; A signal processing module for performing high-precision current acquisition using a temperature dynamic compensation algorithm and identifying pulse interference harmonics through real-time spectrum analysis; A drive execution module is used to control multiple devices through time-division multiplexing and generate hierarchical optical coding instructions in combination with a life warning model; The power management module, the intelligent control module, the signal processing module and the drive execution module are all integrated on a multi-layer printed circuit board.

2. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes: Transient voltage control unit, used to prevent damage from instantaneous high voltage or overcurrent by adopting circuit protection mechanism; Physical isolation layer, used to configure digital ground and analog ground, and the digital ground and analog ground are independent of each other to prevent digital harmonics from interfering with the current input signal; Wide voltage input converter, used to convert shipboard power into DC 3.3V / 5V / 24V output signal.

3. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module includes: The main control circuit is used to perform dual CAN channel switching, activate the backup channel when the main channel fails, and generate an early warning signal based on the number of on-off times based on the relay life prediction model; The CAN communication circuit is used to establish a communication bridge between the board and the mainboard, supporting the host computer to issue instructions to the board. When switching between dual CAN channels, the impedance value preset by the DIP switch is called to achieve matching network adjustment. After the backup channel is enabled, it inherits the original ID configuration and transmits heartbeat messages. An onboard indicator light circuit is used to display whether the power input of the power management module is normal, serving as a reference indicator for the normal operation of the main control circuit, and obtaining the optical signal fed back by the main control circuit to transmit an early warning signal through optical display; The board ID configuration circuit is used to configure the 6-bit DIP switch. By analyzing the status of the 6-bit DIP switch, it automatically loads the historical ID configuration and cooperates with the CAN communication circuit to feedback the board ID to the mainboard.

4. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dual CAN channel switching is performed to enable the backup channel when the main channel fails, including: During the initialization phase, hardware monitoring parameters are configured. A comparator is built into the main control chip in the main control circuit and set to be dominant. The preset impedance value is stored by reusing the DIP switch of the board ID configuration circuit to provide a reference parameter for dynamic switching. The comparator detects the duration of the bus dominant level in real time. If the duration exceeds the preset duration threshold, it is determined that the main channel has failed and an interrupt event is triggered. Read the impedance flag preset by the DIP switch, automatically adjust the matching resistance value of the backup channel, control the digital potentiometer to adjust the resistor network, and remap the GPIO pin to the backup CAN controller through the register; The forced termination of the current loop structure of the timer is called to forcibly reset the main transceiver, and the backup transceiver is activated within a preset time limit, the receiving filter of the backup CAN controller is started, and the Morse coded optical signal is synchronously sent through the on-board indicator circuit; Monitor the operating status of the backup channel in real time, record the switching time in the backup register, and send heartbeat messages to the host computer through the CAN communication circuit.

5. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of reading the preset impedance flag of the DIP switch, automatically adjusting the matching resistance value of the standby channel, and controlling the digital potentiometer to adjust the resistance network includes: Read the 6th DIP switch status of the board ID configuration circuit, convert it into the impedance preset value, and store it in the backup register; When the comparator detects that the dominant level of the main CAN channel lasts longer than the preset duration threshold, the main control chip obtains the preset impedance value from the backup register, controls the digital potentiometer to adjust the matching network, and remaps the backup CAN channel pin at the same time; While adjusting the matching resistor, the main control chip completes three operations within the set time: resetting the main transceiver, enabling the backup transceiver, and switching GPIO remapping; After the dual-channel switching is completed, the main control chip detects the actual voltage of the matching network through the ADC, calculates the impedance value, and compares the error with the preset value. If the error is greater than the preset error threshold, a secondary calibration is triggered.

6. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of generating an early warning signal based on the relay life prediction model and the number of on-off times includes: The coil current waveform, drive voltage drop value and ambient temperature are collected synchronously at each relay on-off moment, and physical characteristic quantities are extracted respectively as input vectors for life prediction. The collected physical characteristics are input into a dynamic weighted model, characteristic weights are assigned to each physical characteristic, and the equivalent life loss coefficient of the current on-off operation is calculated. The loss coefficient of each on-off operation is accumulated and calculated. When the accumulated loss reaches the preset accumulated loss threshold, a graded warning prompt is activated and a color-coded signal is sent through the on-board indicator light circuit. When the relay actually fails, the failure data is manually reported back to reversely correct the feature weight and cumulative loss threshold parameters, and the optimized data is saved in the memory sector.

7. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The synchronous collection of the coil current waveform, driving voltage drop value and ambient temperature at each relay on-off moment includes: The Darlington transistor emitter voltage of the multiplexed switching output circuit is connected to the ADC channel of the main control chip after voltage division. When the relay is closed, the ADC is triggered to collect synchronous data. Channel 1 collects the coil current rise time, channel 2 collects the driver tube voltage drop, and channel 3 collects the onboard temperature.

8. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes: The current acquisition circuit is used to configure the sampling resistor to convert the current signal into voltage, and is equipped with a temperature dynamic compensation algorithm to provide a stable sampling signal for the main control circuit to ensure signal accuracy; The current output circuit is used to input the digital quantity of the I2C protocol signal into the digital-to-analog conversion chip, linearly convert the digital quantity into an analog current output, and provide overvoltage protection to maintain a stable voltage output; The pulse acquisition circuit is used to configure the positive phase three-state bus compatible output in both sending and receiving, collect pulse signals, and use real-time spectrum analysis to identify interfering harmonics.

9. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pulse acquisition circuit is provided with a bus transceiver, the transmit / receive input terminal is a high level input, the enable terminal is a low level input, and has a positive phase three-state bus compatible output in both the transmit and receive directions; The pulse signal is a 0Hz-5kHz square wave signal, including a pulse signal with an amplitude of 22V and a duty cycle of 50% and a pulse signal with an amplitude of 5V and a duty cycle of 50%.

10. The embedded domestically produced signal processing board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive execution module includes: A switching output circuit, configured with a Darlington transistor array driving relays, is used to alternately control multiple devices through a time-division multiplexing algorithm; The switch input circuit is equipped with an optocoupler, which is used to identify the passive switch state through debouncing and cooperate with the CAN communication circuit to transmit the optocoupler level information to the main board; The indicator light drive circuit is equipped with a Darlington transistor array and a current-limiting resistor for time-sharing LED driving. A current-limiting resistor is also provided to prevent overcurrent damage to the external indicator light. The voltage output circuit is controlled by PWM on the gate of the field effect tube to achieve a soft start output with adjustable slope.

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