Modularized dynamic load three-dimensional greening system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized dynamic load three-dimensional greening system. Comprising a bearing frame, plant modules, prestressed connecting pieces and the like. The load-bearing frame is fixed on a building facade or a roof, the top is integrated with a flexible solar film, and the bottom is provided with a water collection tank. The plant module is connected with the frame through a prestress connecting piece, the connecting piece is made of alloy steel, a dynamic load monitoring module and a self-adaptive adjusting mechanism are arranged in the connecting piece, and wind load and rain and snow load can be dispersed; a plurality of layers of composite light substrates are arranged in the module and comprise a water retention layer, a nutrition layer and a drainage layer, and a high-molecular water-absorbent resin film is arranged between the water retention layer and the nutrition layer; the capillary tube bundle is communicated with the water storage layer to form water circulation; the ecological buffer strip is of a three-dimensional net-shaped anchoring structure formed by drought-enduring creeping plant root systems, spiral grooves are formed in the side wall to guide the root systems to grow, and a microbial agent is sprayed on the surface; the quick-assembly interface adopts the design of a stainless steel spring buckle and a guide groove, and a magnetic suction auxiliary positioning device and a sealing self-checking module are additionally arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban building facades and roof greening, and in particular to a modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system. Background Art

[0002] Dynamic load-bearing three-dimensional greening refers to a system implemented within a three-dimensional space, such as a building facade or roof, that uses scientific design to address variable loads such as wind, rain, snow, plant growth, and human activity. Its core approach is to combine structural mechanics with plant ecological characteristics, employing lightweight substrates, modular planting units, and elastic support structures to dynamically balance live and dead loads, ensuring the system's safety and stability under changing conditions while achieving a synergy between ecological benefits and building functionality.

[0003] Existing technologies for three-dimensional greening systems have numerous shortcomings, including a single-function support structure that makes it difficult to effectively utilize solar energy and collect rainwater; a connection method that lacks dynamic load regulation, failing to ensure system stability under wind, rain, and snow loads; poor water retention, nutrient supply, and drainage in the plant growth medium, which impacts plant growth; low water resource utilization efficiency, which prevents an effective water cycle; poor inter-module connection stability and a lack of ecological benefits; and a complex installation process that makes sealing difficult to ensure, resulting in low installation efficiency and potential leakage risks. Therefore, a modular, dynamic load-bearing three-dimensional greening system is needed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a modular dynamic load-bearing three-dimensional greening system, comprising a load-bearing frame, plant modules, prestressed connectors, a multi-layer composite lightweight matrix, capillary bundles, an ecological buffer zone, and a quick-install interface. The load-bearing frame is fixed to the building facade or roof as the system support structure, with a flexible solar film integrated on the top and a water collection tank provided at the bottom. The plant modules are connected to the load-bearing frame through prestressed connectors. A composite lightweight matrix and capillary bundles are set inside the modules, and an ecological buffer zone is set between the modules. Prestressed connectors are made of alloy steel and have a built-in dynamic load monitoring module and adaptive adjustment mechanism. They dynamically adjust the pre-tensioning force to disperse wind loads and rain and snow loads. Multi-layer composite lightweight matrix, from top to bottom, consists of a water retention layer, a nutrient layer and a drainage layer, with a high molecular water-absorbing resin film embedded between the water retention layer and the nutrient layer; The capillary bundle is connected to the water storage layer at the bottom of the module, and the water rises autonomously through surface tension. The water storage layer and the water collection tank use a filtration device to form a water cycle; Ecological buffer zone: a three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure formed by the roots of drought-resistant creeping plants is set between modules. Spiral grooves are set on the side walls of the modules to guide the directional growth of the roots, and microbial agents are sprayed on the surface. The quick-install interface adopts a stainless steel spring clip and guide groove design, and is equipped with a magnetic auxiliary positioning device and a sealing self-inspection module to achieve blind module docking and automatic sealing detection.

[0005] Preferably, the load-bearing frame adopts a double-layer Vierendeel truss structure, the outer layer is anodized aluminum alloy profile, the inner layer is embedded with carbon fiber reinforced composite ribs, and three-dimensional adjustable supports are set at the frame nodes and connected to the building body through chemical anchor bolts; the top of the frame is integrated with a flexible CIGS solar film and a photovoltaic inverter, and the bottom water collection tank is built-in with a three-stage sedimentation and filtration device, including a primary effect grid, an activated carbon adsorption layer and a ceramic membrane filter; The load-bearing frame is constructed using a double-layered truss structure. Anodized aluminum alloy profiles are precisely machined using CNC machines to form the outer frame. Prefabricated carbon fiber reinforced composite ribs are embedded within the profile cavity to form the inner reinforcement structure. High-strength structural adhesive and stainless steel self-tapping screws are used to bond the two layers together. Three-dimensional adjustable supports are then installed at the frame nodes. Chemical anchor bolts secure the support base to the building's main structure. A laser level is used to calibrate the six degrees of freedom in space before tightening the adjustment bolts. A flexible CIGS solar film is deployed on top of the frame and sealed to the aluminum alloy profile using a hot-pressing process. A micro-photovoltaic inverter is also deployed simultaneously to achieve DC-AC conversion. During the installation of the bottom trough, a primary grid filter layer is laid to intercept large impurities. An activated carbon adsorption layer is then stacked on top to remove dissolved organic matter. Finally, a ceramic membrane filter is embedded to filter micron-level particles. The tertiary filtration device is assembled to the trough body via snap-on quick-connect connectors, forming a complete rainwater collection and purification system.

[0006] Preferably, the plant modules are arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern, with the modules forming self-locking units through mortise and tenon structures and prestressed connectors; each module is divided into three planting chambers, each of which is equipped with a drought-resistant shrub area, a ground cover plant area, and a vertical climbing area; an intelligent irrigation system consisting of a liquid level sensor and a solenoid valve is installed at the bottom of the chamber, and the irrigation cycle is automatically adjusted according to the substrate moisture threshold through the Internet of Things platform; The installation of the plant modules first uses precision CNC machine tools to process regular hexagonal honeycomb aluminum alloy frames, which are then positioned at preset anchor points on the building facade through laser scanning. Adjacent modules form a self-locking structure through the geometric interlocking of tenons and mortises. 3D printing technology is used to construct three independent planting chambers inside the modules. The chamber partitions are embedded with weather-resistant sealing strips and filled with matrix formulas specially formulated for drought-tolerant shrubs, ground cover plants, and vertical climbing plants. A non-contact capacitive liquid level sensor is installed at the bottom of each chamber, forming a closed-loop control system with a micro-solenoid valve group. The irrigation network uses PE-RT pressure-resistant pipes arranged in a serpentine pattern along the back panel of the frame and is interconnected with the building Internet of Things platform through a LoRaWAN wireless module. When the detection value of the matrix humidity sensor is lower than the set threshold, the platform automatically triggers the solenoid valve to perform pulsed irrigation. The single irrigation amount is dynamically adjusted according to the plant species, growth cycle and real-time meteorological data through an AI algorithm, and a water and fertilizer management curve is simultaneously generated on the mobile app.

[0007] Preferably, the adaptive adjustment mechanism comprises a bridge-type retreat structure and a hydraulic buffer, the retreat surface is provided with a friction pendulum type seismic isolation support, and the hydraulic buffer has a built-in magnetorheological damper; the surface of the connecting piece is plated with a zinc-nickel alloy anti-corrosion layer; The adaptive adjustment mechanism is based on a bridge-type step-down structure, achieving load distribution through a three-stage progressive design. The first step-down utilizes trapezoidal steel components welded together into a spatial truss system, utilizing geometrically nonlinear deformation characteristics to transform concentrated loads into uniformly distributed forces within the surface. The second step-down utilizes friction pendulum-type seismic isolation bearings, whose sliding surfaces utilize a polytetrafluoroethylene-stainless steel friction pair, combined with a spherical curved surface design to achieve three-dimensional seismic energy dissipation. The final step-down incorporates an integrated hydraulic buffer system, featuring a double-cylinder structure with the inner cylinder filled with a silicone-based magnetorheological fluid and the outer cylinder equipped with a spiral magnetic field generating coil. The connector body is constructed from 35CrMo alloy steel forgings, precision-machined by CNC, and then treated with a zinc-nickel alloy anti-corrosion coating. The treatment process includes alkaline degreasing, hydrochloric acid activation, zinc-nickel alloy electroplating, and trivalent chromium passivation, ultimately forming the alloy coating. The entire mechanism is monitored in real time by a six-degree-of-freedom load sensor array, and the adaptive control law is constructed using Lyapunov stability theory.

[0008] Preferably, the water retention layer adopts a mixed matrix of vermiculite and expanded perlite, the nutrient layer contains slow-release fertilizer particles and biochar carriers, and the drainage layer is provided with a diversion rib structure, which cooperates with the siphon drain pipe provided at the bottom of the module to achieve gravity drainage; The water-retention layer is made of a mixture of vermiculite and expanded perlite. The vermiculite forms a porous structure after high-temperature expansion, and the perlite obtains volume-expanded honeycomb particles through roasting. The mixed matrix is ​​screened by a vibrating screen, and a layered compaction process is used during filling to form the water-retention layer; the nutrient layer uses biochar as a carrier, and rice husk-based biochar is selected and slowly pyrolyzed to obtain a porous structure and mixed with slow-release fertilizer particles. The mixture is evenly filled into the middle of the module through a screw conveyor; the drainage layer is injection-molded with HDPE material, and spiral guide ribs are set on the surface. In conjunction with the siphon drainage pipe pre-buried at the bottom of the module, the drainage pipe uses the liquid level difference to form a siphon effect, and automatically starts gravity drainage through the water-sealed drain outlet. The collected water is filtered through the primary grid and then returned to the water collection tank to form a water circulation system.

[0009] Preferably, the capillary bundle is composed of a composite of a carbon fiber braided tube and a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane, the tube diameter changes in a gradient, the surface is coated with a hydrophilic titanium dioxide nanocoating, the water storage layer is provided with a liquid level monitoring float and a micro submersible pump, and the water replenishment flow is achieved by pulse width modulation technology; The preparation of capillary bundles first uses carbon fiber bundles processed by a three-dimensional braiding machine into a conical mesh tube structure with a gradient change in tube diameter, which is then composited with a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane through a reducer. The microporous membrane uses a biaxial stretching process to form a honeycomb microporous structure, and the composite process is completed in a vacuum hot press; the surface of the tube bundle is coated with a hydrophilic titanium dioxide nanocoating by a sol-gel method, and the precursor solution is a mixture of butyl titanate and isopropyl alcohol. A micro submersible pump and a liquid level monitoring float linkage device are installed in the water storage layer. The float has a built-in Hall sensor, which triggers the submersible pump to start when the liquid level drops. The pump body uses a brushless DC motor, and the input pulse width is adjusted by a PWM controller. The capillary pressure compensation hole formed by laser drilling at the end of the tube bundle meets the dynamic water demand requirements of different plant regions. The system operating energy consumption is powered by the flexible CIGS thin-film photovoltaic module on the top to achieve energy self-sufficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure is formed by interweaving the roots of Sedum sedum, Sedum serrata and ferns, the groove is filled with planting soil containing polyacrylamide water retaining agent; the microbial agent sprayed on the surface includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; A spiral guide groove is prefabricated on the side wall of the module, and the groove is filled with lightweight planting soil containing polyacrylamide water-retaining agent. Sedum, creeping sedge and fern are mixed in the groove. The clumped network root system of Sedum is used to form surface anchoring, the adventitious roots of the creeping stem nodes of the creeping sedge achieve horizontal expansion, and the main root of the fern vertically penetrates the planting layer. The roots of the three are mechanically interlocked and chemically fused at the joints of the module to form a three-dimensional network structure. Combined with the gelation effect of the polyacrylamide particles in the planting soil in the groove, the surface spraying process adopts the five-point atomization spraying method, and a bacterial agent mixed in proportion with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is used. After spraying, laser scanning is used to monitor the uniformity of colony coverage.

[0011] Preferably, the buckle is provided with a hyperbolic contact structure, the magnetic auxiliary positioning device comprises a NdFeB permanent magnet and a Hall effect sensor; the sealing self-test module integrates an air pressure sensor and a micro air pump; The blind installation docking and sealing detection process of the quick-install interface is as follows: the buckle adopts a hyperbolic contact structure design. When the modules are docked, the hyperbolic contact point generates a normal force component and a tangential force component coupled, so that the buckle is automatically aligned along the guide groove; the magnetic auxiliary positioning device arranges neodymium iron boron permanent magnets at the four corners of the interface, and cooperates with the soft magnetic steel positioning pins preset in the building module. The Hall effect sensor monitors the magnetic flux changes in real time, and triggers the buckle locking signal when the magnetic induction intensity reaches the preset threshold; the sealing self-inspection module sets a miniature air pressure sensor on the inside of the interface annular sealing ring. After the docking is completed, the micro air pump injects compressed air into the sealing cavity, and the air pressure sensor collects the pressure decay curve to ensure that the air tightness and water tightness of the modular system meet the IP67 protection level.

[0012] Preferably, the water collection tank is provided with a rainwater management module, which includes a flow abandonment device, an initial rainwater filter cartridge and a water storage module. The flow abandonment device is opened and closed by a solenoid valve controlled by a rain gauge. The initial rainwater filter cartridge has a built-in 304 stainless steel filter screen and a PP cotton filter element. The water storage module adopts a foldable PE soft water bag. A rain gauge-linked flow-discarding device is installed at the sump inlet. A tipping bucket rain sensor monitors rainfall intensity in real time. When the accumulated rainfall exceeds a certain threshold, the built-in 2W-160-10 solenoid valve opens, discharging initial rainwater directly into the municipal pipe network, preventing rooftop pollutants from entering the system. After the flow is discarded, the rainwater flows into the initial rainwater filter cartridge, which is constructed of 316L stainless steel and features a two-stage filtration system. The first stage uses a 304 stainless steel filter to intercept large particles such as leaves, while the second stage uses a PP cotton filter to remove suspended matter and organic pollutants. The clean filtered rainwater is then fed into a water storage module, which utilizes a food-grade PE soft water bladder with a honeycomb-like reinforcement structure formed by hot-pressing welding. An RFID liquid level chip monitors the water level in real time. When the sump water level is low, the system automatically activates a make-up pump to draw water from the municipal pipe network to maintain water circulation stability. The entire stormwater management process is interconnected with the building's BA system via the Modbus-TCP protocol, enabling automated control of the entire process from rainfall monitoring, water quality filtration, to water storage and regulation.

[0013] Preferably, the dynamic load monitoring module integrates a fiber Bragg grating sensor and a MEMS accelerometer, and the monitoring data is transmitted to an edge computing gateway via the LoRaWAN protocol. The gateway has a built-in machine learning algorithm to identify the wind vibration frequency and amplitude in real time; Fiber Bragg grating sensors are arranged at key stress nodes of the load-bearing frame and adhered to the intersection of the truss chord and web using epoxy resin. Wavelength encoding technology is used to monitor strain changes in real time, and the center wavelength offset of the sensor's reflection spectrum is converted into a digital signal by a demodulator. A synchronously integrated three-axis MEMS accelerometer is installed at the module's center of gravity using a six-degree-of-freedom layout, capturing the acceleration time-domain waveform via the I2C interface. The monitoring data is encrypted and transmitted via the LoRaWAN module to the edge computing gateway. The gateway is equipped with the NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier computing platform and a built-in vibration recognition algorithm based on an LSTM neural network. It can extract time-frequency domain characteristic parameters in real time. When the wind-induced vibration amplitude exceeds the module's design limit, it triggers the magnetorheological damper of the adaptive adjustment mechanism for active control. At the same time, early warning information is sent to the building operation and maintenance platform via the MQTT protocol to ensure the structural safety of the system under dynamic loads.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system with the following beneficial effects: The load-bearing frame is fixed to the building facade or roof as a supporting structure. The flexible solar film integrated on the top can utilize solar energy resources, and the water collection tank is set at the bottom to collect rainwater. The plant module is connected to the load-bearing frame through prestressed connectors. The prestressed connectors are made of alloy steel and have built-in dynamic load monitoring modules and adaptive adjustment mechanisms. They can dynamically adjust the pre-tension to disperse wind loads and rain and snow loads to ensure system stability. A multi-layer composite lightweight matrix is ​​set inside the plant module, which is a water-retaining layer, a nutrient layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom. A high-molecular water-absorbing resin film is embedded between the water-retaining layer and the nutrient layer, which can effectively retain water, provide nutrients and drain water. The capillary bundle is connected to the water storage layer at the bottom of the module, and the surface Tension enables the water to rise autonomously, and the water storage layer and the sump use filtering devices to form a water circulation, which improves the utilization rate of water resources; the ecological buffer zone is equipped with a three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure formed by the roots of drought-resistant creeping plants between modules, and spiral grooves are set on the side walls of the modules to guide the directional growth of the roots. The surface is sprayed with microbial agents, which enhances the connection stability between modules and helps to improve the ecological environment; the quick-install interface adopts a stainless steel spring clip and guide groove design, and adds a magnetic auxiliary positioning device and a sealing self-inspection module, which can realize blind module docking and automatic sealing detection, improve installation efficiency and sealing, and the overall system structure is reasonable. The synergistic effect of various parts realizes the efficient, stable and convenient installation of three-dimensional greening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system, comprising a load-bearing frame, plant modules, prestressed connectors, a multi-layer composite lightweight matrix, capillary bundles, an ecological buffer zone, and a quick-install interface. The load-bearing frame is fixed to the building facade or roof as the system support structure, with a flexible solar film integrated on the top and a water collection tank at the bottom. The alloy steel load-bearing frame is secured using chemical anchors or welding to ensure its verticality and horizontality meet the design load requirements. A flexible solar film is then laid on the top of the frame and connected to the building's power grid. A water collection tank is installed at the bottom and connected to the building's drainage system. Simultaneously, the frame structure is treated for rust prevention and load sensors are wired, ultimately creating a base system that combines structural support with energy and water recycling capabilities. The plant modules are connected to the load-bearing frame through prestressed connectors. A composite lightweight matrix and capillary bundles are set inside the modules, and an ecological buffer zone is set between the modules. After anchoring the prestressed connectors to the load-bearing frame at the designed spacing, the modular planting units are quickly connected using spring clips and guide grooves. The interior of the module is filled with a drainage layer, a nutrient layer, and a water-retention layer from bottom to top, and a polymer absorbent resin membrane is embedded between the layers. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and rooting promoters are sprayed into the spiral grooves on the module side walls. The roots of drought-resistant creeping plants are interwoven between adjacent modules to form a three-dimensional ecological buffer zone, ultimately completing the pre-buried water and fertilizer integrated pipeline network for the module array. Prestressed connectors are made of alloy steel and have a built-in dynamic load monitoring module and adaptive adjustment mechanism. They dynamically adjust the pre-tensioning force to disperse wind loads and rain and snow loads. The connector body is made of high-strength alloy steel and integrates a fiber Bragg grating sensor and a hydraulic adaptive adjustment mechanism. Initial prestressing is applied and locked by a tensioning jack. A polytetrafluoroethylene sliding layer is provided on the contact surface between the connector and the frame. When the dynamic load monitoring module detects excessive wind vibration or snow load, it triggers the hydraulic cylinder to automatically retract and adjust the axial stiffness of the connector, achieving a gradient and dispersed transfer of load to the frame body. Multi-layer composite lightweight matrix, from top to bottom, consists of a water retention layer, a nutrient layer and a drainage layer, with a high molecular water-absorbing resin film embedded between the water retention layer and the nutrient layer; A multi-layer composite lightweight matrix is ​​laid with a humus nutrient layer wrapped in slow-release fertilizer, and a modified bentonite water-retention layer is covered on top. A potassium polyacrylate water-absorbing resin membrane is implanted at the interface between the layers. A vacuum adsorption process is used to form a capillary bridge structure between the membrane material and the matrix particles. Finally, the membrane is sterilized by gamma ray irradiation and encapsulated in a biodegradable eco-bag. The capillary bundle is connected to the water storage layer at the bottom of the module, and the water rises autonomously through surface tension. The water storage layer and the water collection tank use a filtration device to form a water cycle; A carbon fiber braided tube and a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane are woven into a three-dimensional mesh structure. One end is inserted into the microporous ceramic water-permeable plate of the water storage layer at the bottom of the module, and the other end extends to the water retention layer. Micropores are formed on the fiber surface using laser drilling technology. By adjusting the porosity gradient, the autonomous migration of water along the surface tension gradient is achieved. The water storage layer is connected to the water collection tank through a PVC corrugated pipe. A quartz sand-activated carbon composite filter device is installed in the pipeline to form a closed-loop water circulation. Ecological buffer zone: a three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure formed by the roots of drought-resistant creeping plants is set between modules. Spiral grooves are set on the side walls of the modules to guide the directional growth of the roots, and microbial agents are sprayed on the surface. Creeping plants such as Sedum or Creeping Sedum are sown at the joints of the modules, and coconut fiber mesh is laid simultaneously to guide the lateral growth of the roots. The spiral grooves on the side walls of the modules are filled with a mixture of decomposed fungus residue and water-retaining agent. Microbial agents containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are sprayed using a high-pressure atomizer. After the plant roots penetrate the grooves to form mechanical anchors, the temporary support structure is removed, ultimately creating a three-dimensional ecological network with soil and water conservation and bioretention functions. The quick-install interface adopts a stainless steel spring buckle and guide groove design, and is equipped with a magnetic auxiliary positioning device and a seal self-test module to achieve blind module docking and automatic seal detection; Wedge-shaped guide grooves are machined on the module docking surface and neodymium iron boron magnets are embedded in them. The stainless steel spring clip adopts a double crank slider mechanism design. When the module is pushed along the guide groove, the magnetic attraction helps to overcome the initial friction resistance, and the clip automatically pops into the positioning hole at the end of the stroke. The interface sealing ring is embedded with pressure-sensitive conductive rubber. When uneven contact pressure distribution is detected, the micro air pump is triggered to perform zoned inflation compensation on the sealing gasket, and the sealing status data is simultaneously transmitted to the operation and maintenance platform through the Bluetooth module.

[0018] The load-bearing frame adopts a double-layer Vierendeel truss structure, with the outer layer of anodized aluminum alloy profiles and the inner layer embedded with carbon fiber reinforced composite ribs. Three-dimensional adjustable supports are installed at the frame nodes and connected to the main building via chemical anchor bolts. The top of the frame integrates flexible CIGS solar film and photovoltaic inverters, and the bottom sump is built with a three-stage sedimentation and filtration device, including a primary grid, an activated carbon adsorption layer, and a ceramic membrane filter. The load-bearing frame is constructed using a double-layered truss structure. Anodized aluminum alloy profiles are precisely machined using CNC machines to form the outer frame. Prefabricated carbon fiber reinforced composite ribs are embedded within the profile cavity to form the inner reinforcement structure. High-strength structural adhesive and stainless steel self-tapping screws are used to bond the two layers together. Three-dimensional adjustable supports are then installed at the frame nodes. Chemical anchor bolts secure the support base to the building's main structure. A laser level is used to calibrate the six degrees of freedom in space before tightening the adjustment bolts. A flexible CIGS solar film is deployed on top of the frame and sealed to the aluminum alloy profile using a hot-pressing process. A micro-photovoltaic inverter is also deployed simultaneously to achieve DC-AC conversion. During the installation of the bottom trough, a primary grid filter layer is laid to intercept large impurities. An activated carbon adsorption layer is then stacked on top to remove dissolved organic matter. Finally, a ceramic membrane filter is embedded to filter micron-level particles. The tertiary filtration device is assembled to the trough body via snap-on quick-connect connectors, forming a complete rainwater collection and purification system.

[0019] The plant modules are arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern, with mortise and tenon joints and prestressed connectors forming self-locking units between the modules. Each module is divided into three planting chambers, each equipped with a drought-tolerant shrub area, a ground cover plant area, and a vertical climbing area. An intelligent irrigation system consisting of a liquid level sensor and a solenoid valve is installed at the bottom of the chamber. The irrigation cycle is automatically adjusted according to the substrate moisture threshold through the Internet of Things platform. The installation of the plant modules first uses precision CNC machine tools to process regular hexagonal honeycomb aluminum alloy frames, which are then positioned at preset anchor points on the building facade through laser scanning. Adjacent modules form a self-locking structure through the geometric interlocking of tenons and mortises. 3D printing technology is used to construct three independent planting chambers inside the modules. The chamber partitions are embedded with weather-resistant sealing strips and filled with matrix formulas specially formulated for drought-tolerant shrubs, ground cover plants, and vertical climbing plants. A non-contact capacitive liquid level sensor is installed at the bottom of each chamber, forming a closed-loop control system with a micro-solenoid valve group. The irrigation network uses PE-RT pressure-resistant pipes arranged in a serpentine pattern along the back panel of the frame and is interconnected with the building Internet of Things platform through a LoRaWAN wireless module. When the detection value of the matrix humidity sensor is lower than the set threshold, the platform automatically triggers the solenoid valve to perform pulsed irrigation. The single irrigation amount is dynamically adjusted according to the plant species, growth cycle and real-time meteorological data through an AI algorithm, and a water and fertilizer management curve is simultaneously generated on the mobile app.

[0020] The adaptive adjustment mechanism includes a bridge-type retreat structure and a hydraulic buffer. The retreat surface is equipped with a friction pendulum-type seismic isolation support, and the hydraulic buffer has a built-in magnetorheological damper. The surface of the connecting parts is plated with a zinc-nickel alloy anti-corrosion layer. The adaptive adjustment mechanism is based on a bridge-type step-down structure, achieving load distribution through a three-stage progressive design. The first step-down utilizes trapezoidal steel components welded together into a spatial truss system, utilizing geometrically nonlinear deformation characteristics to transform concentrated loads into uniformly distributed forces within the surface. The second step-down utilizes friction pendulum-type seismic isolation bearings, whose sliding surfaces utilize a polytetrafluoroethylene-stainless steel friction pair, combined with a spherical curved surface design to achieve three-dimensional seismic energy dissipation. The final step-down incorporates an integrated hydraulic buffer system, featuring a double-cylinder structure with the inner cylinder filled with a silicone-based magnetorheological fluid and the outer cylinder equipped with a spiral magnetic field generating coil. The connector body is constructed from 35CrMo alloy steel forgings, precision-machined by CNC, and then treated with a zinc-nickel alloy anti-corrosion coating. The treatment process includes alkaline degreasing, hydrochloric acid activation, zinc-nickel alloy electroplating, and trivalent chromium passivation, ultimately forming the alloy coating. The entire mechanism is monitored in real time by a six-degree-of-freedom load sensor array, and the adaptive control law is constructed using Lyapunov stability theory.

[0021] The water retention layer uses a mixed matrix of vermiculite and expanded perlite, the nutrient layer contains slow-release fertilizer particles and biochar carriers, and the drainage layer is equipped with a diversion rib structure, which cooperates with the siphon drain pipe set at the bottom of the module to achieve gravity drainage. The water-retention layer is made of a mixture of vermiculite and expanded perlite. The vermiculite forms a porous structure after high-temperature expansion, and the perlite obtains volume-expanded honeycomb particles through roasting. The mixed matrix is ​​screened by a vibrating screen, and a layered compaction process is used during filling to form the water-retention layer; the nutrient layer uses biochar as a carrier, and rice husk-based biochar is selected and slowly pyrolyzed to obtain a porous structure and mixed with slow-release fertilizer particles. The mixture is evenly filled into the middle of the module through a screw conveyor; the drainage layer is injection-molded with HDPE material, and spiral guide ribs are set on the surface. In conjunction with the siphon drainage pipe pre-buried at the bottom of the module, the drainage pipe uses the liquid level difference to form a siphon effect, and automatically starts gravity drainage through the water-sealed drain outlet. The collected water is filtered through the primary grid and then returned to the water collection tank to form a water circulation system.

[0022] The capillary bundle is made of a composite of carbon fiber braided tubes and polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membranes. The tube diameter varies in a gradient and the surface is coated with a hydrophilic titanium dioxide nanocoating. The water storage layer is equipped with a liquid level monitoring float and a micro submersible pump. The water replenishment flow is achieved through pulse width modulation technology. The preparation of capillary bundles first uses carbon fiber bundles processed by a three-dimensional braiding machine into a conical mesh tube structure with a gradient change in tube diameter, which is then composited with a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane through a reducer. The microporous membrane uses a biaxial stretching process to form a honeycomb microporous structure, and the composite process is completed in a vacuum hot press; the surface of the tube bundle is coated with a hydrophilic titanium dioxide nanocoating by a sol-gel method, and the precursor solution is a mixture of butyl titanate and isopropyl alcohol. A micro submersible pump and a liquid level monitoring float linkage device are installed in the water storage layer. The float has a built-in Hall sensor, which triggers the submersible pump to start when the liquid level drops. The pump body uses a brushless DC motor, and the input pulse width is adjusted by a PWM controller. The capillary pressure compensation hole formed by laser drilling at the end of the tube bundle meets the dynamic water demand requirements of different plant regions. The system operating energy consumption is powered by the flexible CIGS thin-film photovoltaic module on the top to achieve energy self-sufficiency.

[0023] The three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure is formed by the interwoven roots of Sedum, Sedum serrata, and ferns. The trough is filled with planting soil containing polyacrylamide water-retaining agent. The microbial agents sprayed on the surface include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. A spiral guide groove is prefabricated on the side wall of the module, and the groove is filled with lightweight planting soil containing polyacrylamide water-retaining agent. Sedum, creeping sedge and fern are mixed in the groove. The clumped network root system of Sedum is used to form surface anchoring, the adventitious roots of the creeping stem nodes of the creeping sedge achieve horizontal expansion, and the main root of the fern vertically penetrates the planting layer. The roots of the three are mechanically interlocked and chemically fused at the joints of the module to form a three-dimensional network structure. Combined with the gelation effect of the polyacrylamide particles in the planting soil in the groove, the surface spraying process adopts the five-point atomization spraying method, and a bacterial agent mixed in proportion with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is used. After spraying, laser scanning is used to monitor the uniformity of colony coverage.

[0024] The buckle is equipped with a hyperbolic contact structure, and the magnetic auxiliary positioning device includes a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and a Hall effect sensor; the sealing self-test module integrates an air pressure sensor and a micro air pump; The blind installation docking and sealing detection process of the quick-install interface is as follows: the buckle adopts a hyperbolic contact structure design. When the modules are docked, the hyperbolic contact point generates a normal force component and a tangential force component coupled, so that the buckle is automatically aligned along the guide groove; the magnetic auxiliary positioning device arranges neodymium iron boron permanent magnets at the four corners of the interface, and cooperates with the soft magnetic steel positioning pins preset in the building module. The Hall effect sensor monitors the magnetic flux changes in real time, and triggers the buckle locking signal when the magnetic induction intensity reaches the preset threshold; the sealing self-inspection module sets a miniature air pressure sensor on the inside of the interface annular sealing ring. After the docking is completed, the micro air pump injects compressed air into the sealing cavity, and the air pressure sensor collects the pressure decay curve to ensure that the air tightness and water tightness of the modular system meet the IP67 protection level.

[0025] The sump is equipped with a rainwater management module, which includes a flow abandonment device, an initial rainwater filter cartridge, and a water storage module. The flow abandonment device is controlled by a rain gauge to open and close the solenoid valve. The initial rainwater filter cartridge has a built-in 304 stainless steel filter screen and PP cotton filter element. The water storage module uses a foldable PE soft water bag. A rain gauge-linked flow-discarding device is installed at the sump inlet. A tipping bucket rain sensor monitors rainfall intensity in real time. When the accumulated rainfall exceeds a certain threshold, the built-in 2W-160-10 solenoid valve opens, discharging initial rainwater directly into the municipal pipe network, preventing rooftop pollutants from entering the system. After the flow is discarded, the rainwater flows into the initial rainwater filter cartridge, which is constructed of 316L stainless steel and features a two-stage filtration system. The first stage uses a 304 stainless steel filter to intercept large particles such as leaves, while the second stage uses a PP cotton filter to remove suspended matter and organic pollutants. The clean filtered rainwater is then fed into a water storage module, which utilizes a food-grade PE soft water bladder with a honeycomb-like reinforcement structure formed by hot-pressing welding. An RFID liquid level chip monitors the water level in real time. When the sump water level is low, the system automatically activates a make-up pump to draw water from the municipal pipe network to maintain water circulation stability. The entire stormwater management process is interconnected with the building's BA system via the Modbus-TCP protocol, enabling automated control of the entire process from rainfall monitoring, water quality filtration, to water storage and regulation.

[0026] The dynamic load monitoring module integrates fiber Bragg grating sensors and MEMS accelerometers. The monitoring data is transmitted to the edge computing gateway via the LoRaWAN protocol. The gateway has a built-in machine learning algorithm to identify wind vibration frequency and amplitude in real time. Fiber Bragg grating sensors are arranged at key stress nodes of the load-bearing frame and adhered to the intersection of the truss chord and web using epoxy resin. Wavelength encoding technology is used to monitor strain changes in real time, and the center wavelength offset of the sensor's reflection spectrum is converted into a digital signal by a demodulator. A synchronously integrated three-axis MEMS accelerometer is installed at the module's center of gravity using a six-degree-of-freedom layout, capturing the acceleration time-domain waveform via the I2C interface. The monitoring data is encrypted and transmitted via the LoRaWAN module to the edge computing gateway. The gateway is equipped with the NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier computing platform and a built-in vibration recognition algorithm based on an LSTM neural network. It can extract time-frequency domain characteristic parameters in real time. When the wind-induced vibration amplitude exceeds the module's design limit, it triggers the magnetorheological damper of the adaptive adjustment mechanism for active control. At the same time, early warning information is sent to the building operation and maintenance platform via the MQTT protocol to ensure the structural safety of the system under dynamic loads.

[0027] The load-bearing frame is fixed to the building facade or roof as a supporting structure. The flexible solar film integrated on the top can utilize solar energy resources, and the water collection tank is set at the bottom to collect rainwater. The plant module is connected to the load-bearing frame through prestressed connectors. The prestressed connectors are made of alloy steel and have built-in dynamic load monitoring modules and adaptive adjustment mechanisms. They can dynamically adjust the pre-tension to disperse wind loads and rain and snow loads to ensure system stability. A multi-layer composite lightweight matrix is ​​set inside the plant module, which is a water-retaining layer, a nutrient layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom. A high-molecular water-absorbing resin film is embedded between the water-retaining layer and the nutrient layer, which can effectively retain water, provide nutrients and drain water. The capillary bundle is connected to the water storage layer at the bottom of the module, and the surface Tension enables the water to rise autonomously, and the water storage layer and the sump use filtering devices to form a water circulation, which improves the utilization rate of water resources; the ecological buffer zone is equipped with a three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure formed by the roots of drought-resistant creeping plants between modules, and spiral grooves are set on the side walls of the modules to guide the directional growth of the roots. The surface is sprayed with microbial agents, which enhances the connection stability between modules and helps to improve the ecological environment; the quick-install interface adopts a stainless steel spring clip and guide groove design, and adds a magnetic auxiliary positioning device and a sealing self-inspection module, which can realize blind module docking and automatic sealing detection, improve installation efficiency and sealing, and the overall system structure is reasonable. The synergistic effect of various parts realizes the efficient, stable and convenient installation of three-dimensional greening.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0029] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system, characterized in that: It includes a load-bearing frame, plant modules, prestressed connectors, a multi-layer composite lightweight matrix, capillary bundles, an ecological buffer zone, and a quick-install interface. The load-bearing frame is fixed to the building facade or roof as the system support structure, with a flexible solar film integrated on the top and a water collection tank at the bottom. The plant modules are connected to the load-bearing frame through prestressed connectors. A composite lightweight matrix and capillary bundles are set inside the modules, and an ecological buffer zone is set between the modules. Prestressed connectors are made of alloy steel and have a built-in dynamic load monitoring module and adaptive adjustment mechanism. They dynamically adjust the pre-tensioning force to disperse wind loads and rain and snow loads. Multi-layer composite lightweight matrix, from top to bottom, consists of a water retention layer, a nutrient layer and a drainage layer, with a high molecular water-absorbing resin film embedded between the water retention layer and the nutrient layer; The capillary bundle is connected to the water storage layer at the bottom of the module, and the water rises autonomously through surface tension. The water storage layer and the water collection tank use a filtration device to form a water cycle; Ecological buffer zone: a three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure formed by the roots of drought-resistant creeping plants is set between modules. Spiral grooves are set on the side walls of the modules to guide the directional growth of the roots, and microbial agents are sprayed on the surface. The quick-install interface adopts a stainless steel spring clip and guide groove design, and is equipped with a magnetic auxiliary positioning device and a sealing self-inspection module to achieve blind module docking and automatic sealing detection.

2. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing frame adopts a double-layer hollow truss structure, with the outer layer being anodized aluminum alloy profiles and the inner layer embedded with carbon fiber reinforced composite ribs. Three-dimensional adjustable supports are set at the frame nodes and connected to the building body through chemical anchors; the top of the frame is integrated with flexible CIGS solar film and photovoltaic inverter, and the bottom water collection tank is built-in with a three-stage sedimentation and filtration device, including a primary grid, an activated carbon adsorption layer and a ceramic membrane filter.

3. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant modules are arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern, with mortise and tenon structures and prestressed connectors forming self-locking units between the modules. Each module is divided into three planting chambers, each equipped with a drought-resistant shrub area, a ground cover plant area, and a vertical climbing area. An intelligent irrigation system consisting of a liquid level sensor and a solenoid valve is installed at the bottom of the chamber. The irrigation cycle is automatically adjusted according to the substrate moisture threshold through the Internet of Things platform.

4. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive adjustment mechanism includes a bridge-type retreat structure and a hydraulic buffer. The retreat surface is provided with a friction pendulum-type seismic isolation support, and the hydraulic buffer has a built-in magnetorheological damper. The surface of the connecting part is plated with a zinc-nickel alloy anti-corrosion layer.

5. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water retention layer adopts a mixed matrix of vermiculite and expanded perlite, the nutrient layer contains slow-release fertilizer particles and biochar carriers, and the drainage layer is provided with a diversion rib structure, which cooperates with the siphon drainage pipe provided at the bottom of the module to realize gravity drainage.

6. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capillary bundle is composed of a composite of a carbon fiber braided tube and a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane. The tube diameter changes in a gradient and the surface is coated with a hydrophilic titanium dioxide nanocoating. The water storage layer is equipped with a liquid level monitoring float and a micro submersible pump, and the water replenishment flow is achieved through pulse width modulation technology.

7. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional mesh anchoring structure is formed by the interweaving roots of Sedum sedum, Sedum serrata and fern, and the groove is filled with planting soil containing polyacrylamide water-retaining agent; the microbial agent sprayed on the surface includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

8. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buckle is provided with a hyperbolic contact structure, the magnetic auxiliary positioning device includes a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and a Hall effect sensor; the sealing self-test module integrates an air pressure sensor and a micro air pump.

9. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection tank is equipped with a rainwater management module, which includes a flow abandonment device, an initial rainwater filter cartridge and a water storage module. The flow abandonment device controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve through a rain gauge. The initial rainwater filter cartridge has a built-in 304 stainless steel filter screen and a PP cotton filter element. The water storage module uses a foldable PE soft water bag.

10. The modular dynamic load three-dimensional greening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic load monitoring module integrates fiber grating sensors and MEMS accelerometers. The monitoring data is transmitted to the edge computing gateway via the LoRaWAN protocol. The gateway has a built-in machine learning algorithm to identify wind vibration frequency and amplitude in real time.

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