Pesticide fertilizer for preventing and treating corn sheath blight

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical fertilizers, and particularly relates to a medical fertilizer for preventing and treating corn sheath blight. The invention relates to a bactericidal active component. The bactericidal active component is formed by binary compounding of amisulbrom and bixafen according to the mass ratio of (1-15): (7-1). The amisulbrom and the bixafen are compounded according to the mass ratio of (1-15): (7-1), the prevention and treatment effect on the corn sheath blight can be improved, and support can be provided for developing a compound medicament for preventing and treating the corn sheath blight. Besides, when the pesticide-fertilizer granules are applied, nutritional ingredients needed by corn growth can be supplemented, the prevention and treatment effect on corn sheath blight can be improved, the dual effects of pesticide and fertilizer can be achieved through one-time application, and the pesticide-fertilizer granules have good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of research and development of medicinal fertilizers, and particularly relates to a medicinal fertilizer for preventing and treating corn sheath blight. Background Art

[0002] Corn sheath blight is a major soil-borne disease that harms corn. Its causative agents include R. solani, R. cerealis, and R. zeae, with R. solani being the main pathogen. The leaf sheaths near the ground of corn plants are the main site of corn sheath blight, causing cell and tissue necrosis, a necrotrophic disease. When the pathogen infects the leaf sheaths, irregular water-soaked lesions are formed, which are yellow or brown in color. Later, the lesions may develop into larger cloud-like lesions with brown edges and white in the middle. In a humid environment, hyphae will be produced at the site of the disease, which will later form white balls and then turn into irregular brown sclerotia. Disease at the base of the stem will cause the affected part to rot and become soft. In severe cases, cellulose can be seen, the plant will fall over, and corn yield will be damaged.

[0003] During corn production, corn sheath blight can be prevented and treated by spraying a variety of chemical agents such as thiophanate-methyl, Jinggangmycin, carbendazim, fludioxonil, or fludioxonil. However, with the long-term and large-scale unscientific application of common agents, especially the long-term application of single-ingredient fungicides, pathogen resistance accumulates and the prevention effect is reduced. Rational compounding of different fungicide active ingredients can effectively overcome the above problems, so it is necessary to study compound agents for preventing and treating corn sheath blight. The inventors found through experiments that the compounding of indazolesulfamide and bixafen has a combined synergistic effect on the prevention and treatment of corn sheath blight, but no relevant reports have been seen so far.

[0004] Insecticide fertilizers are multifunctional agricultural products made by combining pesticides and fertilizers. They can simultaneously control pests, diseases, and weeds while fertilizing, thereby achieving a "synergistic" effect. They are currently a hot topic in pest and weed control research. Currently, there are no reports on the preparation of indazole-sulfuron and bixafen-sulfuron granules for insecticide fertilizers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a pesticide fertilizer for preventing and controlling corn sheath blight, which can prevent and control corn sheath blight while fertilizing, thereby achieving the effect of applying pesticide and fertilizer simultaneously and improving the prevention and control effect of corn sheath blight.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fungicide active ingredient is prepared by binary compounding of indazolesulfamide and bixafen at a mass ratio of 1-15:7-1.

[0008] The present invention also provides application of the bactericidal active ingredient in preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of corn.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil-borne disease of corn is corn sheath blight caused by Rizoctonia solani.

[0010] The present invention also provides a medicinal fertilizer granule, which is prepared from the following ingredients, calculated by mass percentage: 0.8-5% of the bactericidal active ingredient, 15-55% of the fertilizer active ingredient, 2-6% of a binder, 1-3% of a dispersant, 0.5-1% of a wetting agent, and the balance of an inert filler.

[0011] Furthermore, the medicinal fertilizer granules are prepared from the following ingredients, calculated by mass percentage: 2% of the bactericidal active ingredient of claim 1, 40% of the fertilizer active ingredient, 3% of a binder, 2% of a dispersant, 1% of a wetting agent, and the remainder of an inert filler.

[0012] Furthermore, the active ingredient of the fertilizer is prepared by mixing urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1.

[0013] Furthermore, the binder is gum arabic.

[0014] Furthermore, the dispersant is dispersant NNO.

[0015] Furthermore, the wetting agent is alkyl polyglycoside APG0814,

[0016] Furthermore, the inert filler is formed by mixing kaolin and quartz sand in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention uses the mycelial growth rate method to determine the toxicity of indazole sulfanilamide, bixafen and their compound agents in inhibiting corn sheath blight fungus. The results show that the toxicity of indazole sulfanilamide and bixafen to inhibit the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani is EC 50 The values ​​were 3.1792 mg / L and 8.6189 mg / L, respectively. When the two were compounded at a mass ratio of 1-15:15-1, the co-toxicity coefficient of the compound combination at a mass ratio of 1:15 for inhibiting the growth of Rhizoctonia solani hyphae was between 80-120, showing an additive effect; the co-toxicity coefficients of the other compound combinations for inhibiting the growth of Rhizoctonia solani hyphae were all greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect. This indicates that the present invention can improve the control effect of corn sheath blight by compounding indazolesulfamide and bixafenthionine at a mass ratio of 1-15:7-1, which can provide support for the development of compound agents for controlling corn sheath blight.

[0019] (2) When applied, the drug-fertilizer granules of the present invention can not only supplement the nutrients required for corn growth, but also improve the prevention and control effect of corn sheath blight. A single application can achieve the dual effects of drug and fertilizer, and has good application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Indoor activity test

[0022] 1. Test strains

[0023] Rizoctonia solani, isolated from diseased maize plant samples.

[0024] 2. Test agents

[0025] 95% indazole sulfamethoxam and 98% bixafen are both commercially available.

[0026] The test agent was first dissolved in a solvent and then diluted with a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution to prepare a high-concentration single-dose stock solution of 5000 mg / L. Multiple groups of proportions were set up, and each single-dose stock solution and the proportioned mixture were diluted with a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution to set up 5 mass concentration gradients. The above agents were prepared and used immediately.

[0027] 3. Test methods

[0028] The drug and PDA culture medium cooled to about 45°C were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:9 and poured into multiple culture dishes (9 cm in diameter) in equal amounts, with 10 mL in each culture dish. After cooling, drug-containing plates were made. Each mass concentration of drug solution was repeated 4 times, with 3 plates for each repeat, and a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution was used as a blank control.

[0029] The test strain, Rhizoctonia solani, was inoculated onto PAD medium and activated at 25°C for 5 days. A 6mm diameter bacterial cake was then punched along the edge of the colony using a borer and inoculated onto the center of the drug-containing and blank control plates. One bacterial cake was inoculated onto each plate, with the mycelium side facing down. The plates were covered and incubated at 25°C. When the blank control colony reached a diameter of 6 cm, the colony diameters of each treatment were measured once using the cross-hatch method. The average values ​​were calculated to determine the inhibition rate of mycelial growth by the different treatments.

[0030]

[0031] 4. Data Analysis

[0032] The logarithm of the fungicide concentration was taken as x and the corresponding probability value of mycelial growth inhibition rate was taken as y for linear regression to calculate the toxicity regression equation, correlation coefficient and toxicity EC of the fungicide against corn sheath blight. 50 The co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was calculated using the Sun Yunpei method.

[0033]

[0034] In the above formula: ATI - the toxicity index of the mixture; S - the EC of the standard agent 50 , the unit is mg / L; M--EC of the mixture 50 , unit is mg / L.

[0035] TTI=TI A ×P A +TI B ×P B

[0036] In the above formula: TTI - theoretical toxicity index of mixture; TI A --Toxicity index of agent A; P A --The percentage of agent A in the mixture, expressed as percentage (%); TI B --Toxicity index of agent B; P B --The percentage of agent B in the mixture, in percentage (%).

[0037]

[0038] In the above formula: CTC - co-toxicity coefficient; ATI - measured toxicity index of mixture; TTI - theoretical toxicity index of mixture.

[0039] 5. Measurement results

[0040] The type of drug effect was evaluated according to the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC): CTC ≤ 80 was antagonistic, 80 < CTC < 120 was additive, and CTC ≥ 120 was synergistic. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 The results of toxicity test of the combination of indazolesulfamide and bixafen to the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani

[0042]

[0043] As shown in Table 1, the toxicity EC of indazole and bixafen to inhibit the growth of Rhizoctonia solani hyphae 50The values ​​were 3.1792 mg / L and 8.6189 mg / L, respectively. When the two were compounded at a mass ratio of 1-15:15-1, the co-toxicity coefficient of the compound combination at a mass ratio of 1:15 for inhibiting the growth of Rhizoctonia solani hyphae was between 80-120, showing an additive effect; the co-toxicity coefficients of the other compound combinations for inhibiting the growth of Rhizoctonia solani hyphae were all greater than 120, showing a synergistic effect. This indicates that the present invention can improve the control effect of corn sheath blight by compounding indazolesulfamide and bixafenthionine at a mass ratio of 1-15:7-1, which can provide support for the development of compound agents for controlling corn sheath blight.

[0044] Example 2 Effect of different inert fillers on the thermal storage stability of fertilizer granules

[0045] 2.1 Fertilizer granule formula

[0046] 1 kg of indazole sulfamethoxam, 1 kg of bixafen, 3 kg of gum arabic, 2 kg of dispersant NNO, 1 kg of alkyl polyglycoside APG0814, and inert fillers (see Tables 2 and 3) were added to make up to 100 kg.

[0047] 2.2 Preparation process

[0048] S1. After mixing indazole sulfamethoxam and bixafen, an inert filler was added, mixed evenly, and ground through an 80-mesh sieve;

[0049] S2. Add fertilizer (through a 20-mesh sieve) and mix well; (In this embodiment 2, there is no fertilizer, so this step is omitted);

[0050] S3. Spray a 50% ethanol solution of alkyl polyglycoside APG0814, mix well, add dispersant NNO, and mix again;

[0051] S4. Gum arabic was dissolved in 10 kg of deionized water (50 ° C) to form a glue solution; the glue solution was evenly sprayed onto the mixture obtained in step S3, mixed evenly, and then screw extruded into granules with a particle diameter of 2.5 ± 0.2 mm. The granules were dried with hot air at 50 ° C to a moisture content of ≤ 3%, thereby obtaining the fertilizer granules.

[0052] 2.3 Hot storage stability

[0053] Refer to "2.3 Other Formulations" in "GB / T 1936-2003 Pesticide Thermal Storage Stability Test Method." Specifically, take 20g of sample and place it in a glass bottle, spreading it into a smooth, even layer. Then, place the bottle in a thermostat at 54±2°C. Remove the sample after 14 days, cool it to room temperature in a desiccator, and within 12 hours, use HPLC to separate and determine the active ingredients, indoxazolidinone and bixafen, in the sample. The decomposition rate is calculated. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0054] Table 2 Effect of single inert filler on thermal storage stability of fertilizer granules

[0055]

[0056] As shown in Table 2, when bentonite, talc, white carbon black and diatomaceous earth are used alone, their effects on the thermal storage stability of the active ingredients are more significant, while kaolin, attapulgite and quartz sand have the least effects on the thermal storage stability of the active ingredients.

[0057] Table 3 Effects of different inert filler combinations on the thermal storage stability of fertilizer granules

[0058]

[0059] Table 3 shows that different inert filler combinations have varying effects on the thermal storage stability of the active ingredient. Compared with a single inert filler, a combination of kaolin and quartz sand in a 3:1 mass ratio significantly reduced the thermal storage decomposition rate of the active ingredient, indicating a synergistic effect between kaolin and quartz sand, which improves the thermal storage stability of the active ingredient.

[0060] Example 3 Effect of fertilizer ingredients on thermal storage stability of fertilizer granules

[0061] 3.1 Fertilizer granule formula

[0062] 1 kg of indazole sulfamethoxam, 1 kg of bixafen, 40 kg of fertilizer (see Table 4), 3 kg of gum arabic, 2 kg of dispersant NNO, 1 kg of alkyl polyglycoside APG0814, and inert filler supplemented to 100 kg; the inert filler is a mixture of kaolin and quartz sand in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0063] 3.2 Preparation process

[0064] Same as Example 2 “2.2 Preparation process”.

[0065] 3.3 Hot storage stability

[0066] The determination method is the same as that of Example 2 "2.3 Hot Storage Stability". The results are shown in Table 4.

[0067] Table 4 Effects of different fertilizers on the thermal storage stability of medicated fertilizer granules

[0068]

[0069] As shown in Table 4, the addition of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate alone had a certain impact on the thermal storage stability of the active ingredient, but the difference was not significant. However, when urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:2:1 as the active ingredient, the impact on the thermal storage stability of the active ingredient was minimal. Subsequently, a mixture of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1 was selected as the active ingredient in the medicated fertilizer granules.

[0070] Example 4 Control Effect of Fertilizer Granules on Corn Sheath Blight

[0071] 4.1 Fertilizer formula

[0072] 1 kg of indazole sulfamethoxam, 1 kg of bixafen, 25 kg of urea, 10 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 kg of potassium sulfate, 3 kg of gum arabic, 2 kg of dispersant NNO, 1 kg of alkyl polyglycoside APG0814, and inert filler supplemented to 100 kg; the inert filler is a mixture of kaolin and quartz sand in a mass ratio of 3:1.

[0073] 4.2 Preparation process

[0074] Same as Example 2 “2.2 Preparation process”.

[0075] 4.3 Potted plant experiment

[0076] 4.3.1 Seedling cultivation

[0077] Field soil was collected, dried in the shade, and crushed through a 20-mesh sieve to serve as the sample soil. The sample soil was filled to 3 / 4 of the plastic potting soil, and the soil was thoroughly moistened using bottom irrigation. Germinated corn seeds (Guidan 162) were then sown in the potting soil, one seed per pot. When the corn seedlings reached the 3-leaf stage, 2g of granular fertilizer was applied to the holes around each seedling. The experiment was repeated five times, with five corn seedlings per replicate. A blank control was set up with no pesticides or fertilizers. Inoculation began seven days after application.

[0078] 4.3.2 Inoculation

[0079] Soak corn kernels overnight, boil them in water, take them out, crush the seed coat, and dispense them into triangular flasks. Sterilize them at 121°C for 30 min. Take a 5mm diameter bacterial cake along the edge of the activated Rhizoctonia solani (same as Example 1) colony, inoculate the bacterial cake into a triangular flask, and culture it in a 25°C thermostat until the triangular flask is covered with white mycelia to obtain an inoculum. Inoculate the inoculum between the leaf sheath and the stem of the first leaf near the ground of a corn plant, insert cotton, spray it, wrap it with gauze, and continue to culture, keeping the inoculation site moist during the period. 21 days after inoculation, conduct a graded survey of the disease and calculate the disease index.

[0080] 4.3.3 Grading standards

[0081] See Table 5.

[0082] Table 5 Disease classification standards (refer to Xia Haibo et al., 2009)

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] 4.3.4 Calculation method

[0086] Disease index = ∑ (number of diseased plants × relative disease level) / (total number of plants surveyed × highest disease level) × 100;

[0087] Control effect (%) = [(disease index of control area - disease index of treated area) / disease index of control area] × 100

[0088] 4.3.5 Results

[0089] See Table 6.

[0090] Table 6 Control effect of the present invention's fertilizer on corn sheath blight

[0091]

[0092] As shown in Table 6, the medicinal fertilizer granules of the present invention have a high control effect on corn sheath blight.

[0093] In summary, the medicinal fertilizer granules of the present invention can not only supplement the nutrients required for corn growth, but also improve the prevention and control effect of corn sheath blight when applied. A single application can achieve the dual effects of medicine and fertilizer, and has good application prospects.

[0094] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and modifications. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bactericidal active ingredient, characterized in that The bactericidal active ingredient is prepared by binary compounding of indazolesulfamide and bixafen at a mass ratio of 1-15:7-1.

2. Use of the fungicidal active ingredient according to claim 1 in preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of corn.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The soil-borne disease of corn is corn sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani.

4. A medicinal fertilizer granule, characterized in that: The medicinal fertilizer granules are prepared from the following ingredients, calculated by mass percentage: 0.8-5% of the bactericidal active ingredient of claim 1, 15-55% of the fertilizer active ingredient, 2-6% of a binder, 1-3% of a dispersant, 0.5-1% of a wetting agent, and the balance of an inert filler.

5. The medicinal fertilizer granules according to claim 4, characterized in that The medicinal fertilizer granules are prepared from the following ingredients, calculated by mass percentage: 2% of the bactericidal active ingredient according to claim 1, 40% of the fertilizer active ingredient, 3% of a binder, 2% of a dispersant, 1% of a wetting agent, and the remainder of an inert filler.

6. The medicinal fertilizer granules according to claim 5, characterized in that The active ingredient of the fertilizer is prepared by mixing urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate in a mass ratio of 5:2:

1.

7. The medicinal fertilizer granules according to claim 5, characterized in that The binder is gum arabic.

8. The medicinal fertilizer granules according to claim 5, characterized in that The dispersant is dispersant NNO.

9. The medicinal fertilizer granules according to claim 5, characterized in that The wetting agent is alkyl polyglycoside APG0814.

10. The medicinal fertilizer granules according to claim 5, characterized in that The inert filler is prepared by mixing kaolin and quartz sand in a mass ratio of 3:1.

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