Detergent for ammonia gas decontamination and preparation method thereof

Abstract

According to the decontaminating agent for ammonia gas decontamination and the preparation method thereof, the whole decontaminating agent is weakly acidic, and ammonia molecules are converted into ammonia ions by utilizing a chemical reaction between organic acid and ammonia, so that the mass transfer driving force is increased, the absorption efficiency of water mist to ammonia is remarkably improved, and the effect of thoroughly decontaminating ammonia is achieved; by adding the surfactant, the solubility of the organic acid can be improved, the corrosivity of the decontaminating agent can be further reduced, the flowing property and the anti-freezing property of the decontaminating agent can be improved, ammonia gas leaked from liquid ammonia evaporation can be quickly neutralized, and the efficient decontaminating effect is achieved. The decontaminating agent is simple in preparation process, the organic acid, the low-alcohol and the surfactant are added, so that the decontaminating agent has a larger consumption amount on ammonia gas and a faster decontaminating capacity, the decontaminating efficiency is high, decontaminating is thorough, a decontaminating product is non-toxic and harmless, and the decontaminating agent is an economical, efficient and environment-friendly decontaminating agent, can be better applied to the decontaminating field and has wide application prospects. The material can be used as a fire-fighting decontamination material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of emergency treatment of hazardous chemical leakage, and particularly relates to a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Liquid ammonia is a flammable and explosive hazardous chemical. During the production process, if it is exposed to various external factors and leaks, it can form an explosive mixture. Exposure to an ignition source can cause fires and explosions. Fires and explosions are the primary hazards associated with liquid ammonia production facilities. Liquid ammonia has a boiling point of -33.42°C, meaning that at extremely low temperatures, it can vaporize into ammonia gas. Ammonia gas is highly soluble in water, and inhalation of ammonia gas can damage the respiratory system. High concentrations can cause poisoning and asphyxiation. Therefore, effective treatment is necessary to mitigate the hazards posed by its production and storage. Decontamination is a crucial step in countering chemical threats, a crucial measure for reducing casualties and preventing secondary contamination. Compared to traditional water decontamination methods, acid decontamination exhibits superior reaction and adsorption capabilities. Since pure water decontamination does not eliminate the ammonia in the ammonia solution, it is highly corrosive and can easily cause secondary contamination if it enters sewers, rivers, and other water bodies. To enhance decontamination effectiveness, substances that react chemically with ammonia are often added to the water.

[0003] The disadvantage of the existing technology is that the ammonia concentration in the tail gas after water washing may still exceed the emission standard and needs to be further burned, but the combustion will produce nitrogen oxides (NO X ), causing secondary pollution. If the recovered dilute ammonia water is not properly utilized, it may volatilize due to improper storage or transportation, releasing ammonia again, forming physical transfer rather than completely eliminating pollution, and increasing the environmental burden. The water washing method has a high treatment efficiency for low-concentration ammonia, but the effect on high-concentration ammonia is significantly reduced. The water washing effect is easily affected by the ambient temperature. High temperature will accelerate the volatilization of ammonia and reduce the absorption efficiency. Dilute hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride solutions are highly corrosive to metals such as copper and zinc, and may damage pipelines, instruments and other equipment. Long-term use will shorten the life of the equipment. In addition, if protection is insufficient during operation, direct contact with hydrochloric acid may cause skin burns or eye damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] The present invention provides a decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that water has insufficient decontamination ability for ammonia.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning, the components of which include organic acid, low-valent alcohol, surfactant and water, with the mass percentages being: organic acid 2.5-25.0%, low-valent alcohol 1.0-8.0%, surfactant 0.5-2.0% and water 65.0-96.0%.

[0008] Furthermore, the organic acid is at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and malic acid.

[0009] Furthermore, the low-alcohol is at least one of ethanol and propylene glycol.

[0010] Furthermore, the surfactant is at least one of AEO-9, decyl glucoside, and CTAB.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning, which comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1. Dissolve the low-alcohol in water and stir to obtain a uniform alcohol-water mixture;

[0013] S2. An organic acid is added to the alcohol-water mixture and stirred until the organic acid is completely dissolved in the alcohol-water mixture;

[0014] S3. Add a surfactant to the solution obtained in step S2 and stir to obtain a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, the low-alcohol is dissolved in water at room temperature, and magnetic stirring is performed for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 1000 r / min.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, magnetic stirring is performed for 10 minutes, and the stirring speed is 1000 r / min.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, magnetic stirring is performed for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 1000 r / min.

[0018] Furthermore, the organic acid is at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and malic acid, the low-polyol is at least one of ethanol and propylene glycol, and the surfactant is at least one of AEO-9, decyl glucoside, and CTAB.

[0019] Furthermore, the mass percentages of the components in the disinfectant are: organic acid 2.5-25.0%, low-alcohol 1.0-8.0%, surfactant 0.5-2.0%, and water 65.0-96.0%.

[0020] (3) Beneficial effects

[0021] The present invention proposes a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning and a preparation method thereof. The cleaning agent is weakly acidic as a whole. The chemical reaction between organic acid and ammonia is used to convert ammonia molecules into ammonia ions, thereby increasing the driving force of mass transfer and significantly improving the absorption efficiency of fine water mist on ammonia, playing a role in thoroughly cleaning ammonia. The addition of a surfactant can not only increase the solubility of the organic acid, but also further reduce the corrosiveness of the cleaning agent, and improve the flowability and antifreeze properties of the cleaning agent, and can quickly neutralize the ammonia gas that leaks out of the evaporated liquid ammonia, thereby playing a highly efficient cleaning effect. The cleaning agent of the present invention has a simple preparation process. By adding organic acid, low-alcohol, and surfactant, it has a larger ammonia absorption capacity and a faster cleaning ability. The cleaning efficiency is high, the cleaning is thorough, and the cleaning product is non-toxic and harmless. It is an economical and efficient environmentally friendly cleaning agent that can be better applied to the cleaning field and can be used as a fire cleaning material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the total amount of different disinfectants consumed;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the ammonia concentration curve when spraying different disinfectants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] S1. At room temperature, dissolve 0.25 kg of ethanol in 5.0 kg of water and stir magnetically for 5 minutes to obtain a uniform alcohol-water mixture. The water should be deionized water. The ethanol should be analytical grade anhydrous ethanol with a purity of 99.7%. Stir at a speed of 1000 rpm.

[0027] S3. Add 1.2 kg of citric acid monohydrate to the alcohol-water mixture and stir magnetically for 10 minutes until the citric acid monohydrate is completely dissolved in the solution. The citric acid monohydrate is analytically pure citric acid monohydrate with a purity of 99.7% and the stirring speed is 1000 rpm.

[0028] S3. Add 0.05 kg of surfactant to the solution and stir magnetically for 5 minutes to obtain an ammonia disinfectant. The surfactant is analytical grade fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) with a purity of 99.7%. Stir at a speed of 1000 rpm.

[0029] Use a test device to test the total amount of disinfectant absorbed. A gas flow controller is used to control the ammonia flow rate to 500 ml / min, the disinfectant dosage to 25 g, and the ammonia purity to 99.99%. Ventilate until the ammonia concentration reaches 50 ppm as measured by the ammonia concentration meter.

[0030] The results of the test on the prepared disinfectant are as follows Figure 1 As shown, the results show that the total amount of ammonia absorbed by the cleaning agent prepared by the present invention is much higher than that of the water cleaning agent currently used on the largest scale.

[0031] The testing device is used to test the decontamination performance of the decontamination agent. The specific steps are as follows: After preparing the decontamination agent, set the initial gas concentration C1 in the box, fill it with ammonia and spray the decontamination agent into the box using a fine water mist nozzle, and continuously use the detector to measure the ammonia concentration C2 in the box, and calculate the capture efficiency η=1-C2 / C1. The test results of the decontamination agent configured by the invention are as follows Figure 2 The results show that the cleaning agent prepared by the present invention has the advantage of faster cleaning performance against ammonia compared with water.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination, characterized in that: The components of the disinfectant include organic acid, low-valent alcohol, surfactant and water, with the mass percentage being: 2.5-25.0% of organic acid, 1.0-8.0% of low-valent alcohol, 0.5-2.0% of surfactant and 65.0-96.0% of water.

2. The decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic acid is at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid and malic acid.

3. The decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-alcohol is at least one of ethanol and propylene glycol.

4. The decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is at least one of AEO-9, decyl glucoside, and CTAB.

5. A method for preparing a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. Dissolve the low-alcohol in water and stir to obtain a uniform alcohol-water mixture; S2. An organic acid is added to the alcohol-water mixture and stirred until the organic acid is completely dissolved in the alcohol-water mixture; S3. Add a surfactant to the solution obtained in step S2 and stir to obtain a cleaning agent for ammonia cleaning.

6. The method for preparing a decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 5, wherein: In step S1, low-alcohol is dissolved in water at room temperature, and magnetic stirring is performed for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 1000 r / min.

7. The method for preparing a decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 5, wherein: In step S2, magnetic stirring was performed for 10 min at a stirring speed of 1000 r / min.

8. The method for preparing a decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 5, wherein: In step S3, magnetic stirring was performed for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 1000 r / min.

9. The method for preparing a decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 5, wherein: The organic acid is at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, and malic acid; the low-alcohol is at least one of ethanol and propylene glycol; and the surfactant is at least one of AEO-9, decyl glucoside, and CTAB.

10. The method for preparing a decontamination agent for ammonia decontamination according to claim 5, wherein: The mass percentages of the components in the cleaning agent are: 2.5-25.0% of organic acid, 1.0-8.0% of low-alcohol, 0.5-2.0% of surfactant, and 65.0-96.0% of water.

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