Carbon fiber surface special-shaped electrochemical etching device and method based on rotating cathode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical machining equipment, and discloses a carbon fiber yarn surface special-shaped electrochemical etching device and method based on a rotating cathode, and the device comprises an electrolyte tank, a fiber feeding system, a rotating cathode electrode system, a power supply system and a control system; the electrolyte tank is filled with electrolyte; the fiber feeding system is mounted in the electrolyte tank and is used for feeding carbon fibers; the rotating cathode electrode system comprises a driving assembly and a plurality of rotating tip cathodes; the driving assembly is installed in the electrolyte tank, a connecting cylinder is installed at the output end of the driving assembly, the carbon fiber yarn penetrates through the connecting cylinder, and the rotating tip cathode is installed on the connecting cylinder; the anode of the power supply system is connected with the carbon fibers, and the cathode of the power supply system is connected with the rotating tip cathode. According to the method, the periodic special-shaped etching pattern can be accurately formed on the surface of the carbon fiber yarn, the surface structure is optimized, the bonding force of the carbon fiber yarn and the bonding material is remarkably improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical processing equipment, and in particular to a device and method for electrochemically etching the surface of carbon fiber filaments in a special-shaped manner based on a rotating cathode. Background Art

[0002] Carbon fiber, with its exceptional specific strength, specific modulus, low density, and excellent corrosion resistance, has become a core reinforcement material in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, high-end sports equipment, and building reinforcements. However, the inherent chemical inertness, smooth morphology, and low surface energy of the carbon fiber surface result in significantly insufficient interfacial bonding performance with resin matrices (such as epoxy resins) or adhesives. In particular, when sizing agent residues or contaminants are present on the surface, its hydrophobicity further weakens the interfacial bonding force, directly affecting the overall mechanical properties and reliability of the composite material.

[0003] Prior art has seen considerable progress in the equipment and technology used to etch carbon fiber surfaces. Common equipment includes laser etchers, plasma treatment equipment, and chemical etching equipment. While laser etching allows for precise control of the etched shape, its high energy density can easily damage the carbon fibers. Plasma treatment methods offer excellent surface treatment, but are complex and costly. Chemical etching can lead to chemical contamination and poses difficulties in precisely controlling the etched shape and depth. Consequently, existing equipment still has limitations in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and cost.

[0004] To this end, a device and method for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a device for electrochemically etching the surface of carbon fiber filaments using a rotating cathode, comprising:

[0007] an electrolyte tank filled with electrolyte;

[0008] A fiber feeding system, the fiber feeding system being installed in the electrolyte tank and used for feeding carbon fiber filaments;

[0009] A rotating cathode electrode system, comprising a drive assembly and a plurality of rotating tip cathodes; the drive assembly is installed in the electrolyte tank, a connecting cylinder is installed at the output end of the drive assembly, the carbon fiber filaments pass through the connecting cylinder, the rotating tip cathodes are installed on the connecting cylinder, and the plurality of rotating tip cathodes are arranged in an array; the rotating tip cathodes face the carbon fiber filaments;

[0010] a power supply system, wherein the positive electrode of the power supply system is connected to the carbon fiber filament, and the negative electrode of the power supply system is connected to the cathode of the rotating tip;

[0011] A control system is provided, wherein the power supply system, the fiber feeding system and the driving assembly are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0012] According to the device for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surfaces based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, the fiber feeding system includes a fiber feeding driving wheel and a fiber feeding driven wheel, the fiber feeding driving wheel and the fiber feeding driven wheel are installed side by side and spaced apart on the inner wall of the electrolyte tank, and a guide pulley group is provided between the fiber feeding driving wheel and the fiber feeding driven wheel;

[0013] The carbon fiber filaments are sequentially wound around the fiber feeding driving wheel, the guide pulley set and the fiber feeding driven wheel. Both the fiber feeding driving wheel and the fiber feeding driven wheel are electrically connected to the control system.

[0014] According to the carbon fiber surface profile electrochemical etching device based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, the guide pulley group includes a first guide pulley and a second guide pulley, the first guide pulley is installed below the fiber feed driving wheel, and the second guide pulley is installed below the fiber feed driven wheel;

[0015] The first guide pulley and the second guide pulley are both located between the fiber feeding driving wheel and the fiber feeding driven wheel, and the carbon fiber filaments are wound on the first guide pulley and the second guide pulley.

[0016] According to the device for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, the driving assembly includes a driving motor and a transmission belt, the driving motor is installed on the electrolyte tank, the output shaft of the driving motor is equipped with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected to the connecting cylinder through the transmission belt, and the driving motor is electrically connected to the control system.

[0017] According to the device for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, a filtering device, a temperature control system and an electrolyte circulation system are installed in the electrolyte tank, and the temperature control system and the electrolyte circulation system are both electrically connected to the control system.

[0018] According to the device for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, the rotating tip cathode is made of a conductive corrosion-resistant material; and the transmission belt is made of a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant material.

[0019] According to the device for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, the control system is electrically connected to a visual touch screen and a feedback control module, and the feedback control module is used to monitor the etching depth and etching shape of the carbon fiber surface in real time.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for electrochemically etching the surface of carbon fiber filaments using a rotating cathode, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: pre-treating the carbon fiber filaments;

[0022] Step 2: Fix the pretreated carbon fiber filaments on a clamping device and feed the carbon fiber filaments using a fiber feeding system;

[0023] Step 3: Immerse the carbon fiber filaments in the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank, and use the driving assembly to drive the rotating tip cathode to rotate and contact the surface of the carbon fiber filaments to etch the surface of the carbon fiber filaments;

[0024] Step 4: According to the preset etching shape and etching depth, the current size is adjusted using the current source system, the feeding speed of the carbon fiber filament is adjusted using the fiber feeding system, the rotation speed of the rotating tip cathode is adjusted using the driving component, and the composition of the electrolyte is adjusted to allow the active ions in the electrolyte to react with the surface of the carbon fiber filament, thereby generating a preset microstructure on the surface of the carbon fiber filament and realizing electrochemical etching of the surface of the carbon fiber filament;

[0025] Step 5: After the electrochemical etching treatment is completed, the treated carbon fiber filaments are taken out from the electrolyte tank, washed with water and dried to obtain surface-etched special-shaped carbon fiber filaments.

[0026] According to the method for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, the pretreatment process is as follows:

[0027] The carbon fiber filaments were placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and ultrasonically cleaned with deionized water for 10 minutes to remove inorganic substances on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments;

[0028] The carbon fiber filaments were ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol for 5 minutes to remove organic pollutants on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments;

[0029] The carbon fiber filaments were rinsed again with deionized water for 5 minutes.

[0030] According to the method for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode provided by the present invention, the washing and drying process is as follows:

[0031] The treated carbon fiber filaments are placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for water washing to remove electrolyte residues on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments and clean the surface of the carbon fiber filaments; the washed carbon fiber filaments are dried.

[0032] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0033] The present invention uses a rotating cathode electrode system to accurately etch special-shaped patterns on the surface of carbon fiber filaments. The etching shape and depth can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the current density, electrolyte composition and feed speed to meet the surface pattern requirements of different products. This not only improves the bonding strength between the carbon fiber filaments and the adhesive material, but is also particularly suitable for high-performance composite materials. The synergistic effect of the rotating tip cathode and current density can also accurately generate microstructures such as spiral patterns, cross grids, and axial grooves, effectively increasing the specific surface area and roughness of the carbon fiber filaments. In addition, oxygen-containing functional groups (such as -COOH and -OH) can be introduced during the electrochemical treatment process to further enhance the chemical bonding ability of the carbon fiber and the resin.

[0034] The present invention utilizes an electrolyte system to simplify the process flow, eliminating the need for high temperature, high pressure, or vacuum environments. This significantly shortens processing time, improves production efficiency, and significantly reduces energy consumption and equipment costs. The present invention is compatible with continuous production lines and can support large-scale roll-to-roll processing. Multiple fiber bundles can be processed simultaneously per process, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of high-performance carbon fiber reinforced composites.

[0035] The present invention is used to etch desired special shapes on the surface of carbon fiber filaments. Through electrochemical methods, a drive assembly is used to drive the connecting cylinder and the rotating tip cathode to rotate, thereby providing a uniform and adjustable current density and more accurately controlling the etching area and depth. Thus, a periodic special-shaped etching pattern is accurately formed on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments, the surface structure is optimized, and the bonding strength between the carbon fiber filaments and the adhesive material is significantly improved, providing effective technical support for the application of high-performance composite materials.

[0036] The present invention has low energy consumption, low equipment cost, simple operation, no need to use harmful chemicals, outstanding environmental protection, and is extremely suitable for large-scale production. It can periodically etch special-shaped patterns on the surface of carbon fiber filaments according to etching requirements, improve the bonding strength between the carbon fiber surface and the adhesive material, and meet the application requirements of high-performance composite materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation of the fiber feeding system and the electrolyte tank in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the molding effect of the carbon fiber filament after etching in the present invention.

[0041] Among them, 1. fiber feed driving wheel; 2. fiber feed driven wheel; 3. first guide pulley; 4. second guide pulley; 5. transmission belt; 6. rotating tip cathode; 7. electrolyte tank; 8. control system; 9. carbon fiber filament. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a device for electrochemically etching the surface of carbon fiber filaments using a rotating cathode, comprising:

[0045] The electrolyte tank 7 is filled with an electrolyte; the electrolyte tank 7 is used to contain the electrolyte, and the composition and concentration of the electrolyte can be adjusted as needed to optimize the etching effect; the chemical components in the electrolyte can react with the carbon fiber surface to achieve etching and surface modification; the current source system provides a stable current supply to the device, and can adjust the current magnitude and pulse frequency as needed to control the etching rate and shape; by precisely controlling the current parameters, periodic etching of the carbon fiber surface can be achieved to form different special-shaped structures;

[0046] A fiber feeding system is installed in the electrolyte tank 7 and is used to feed the carbon fiber filaments 9;

[0047] A rotating cathode electrode system, the rotating cathode electrode system includes a drive assembly and several rotating tip cathodes 6; the drive assembly is installed in an electrolyte tank 7, and a connecting tube is installed at the output end of the drive assembly, the carbon fiber filament 9 passes through the connecting tube, the rotating tip cathode 6 is installed on the connecting tube, and several rotating tip cathodes 6 are arranged in an array; the rotating tip cathode 6 faces the carbon fiber filament 9; the connecting tube is a tubular structure with two open ends, and the rotating cathode electrode system can provide a uniform current density distribution during the electrochemical reaction; the rotating motion of the rotating tip cathode 6 helps to form a more precise etching pattern on the cylindrical surface of the carbon fiber filament 9, and can control the depth and shape of the etching area to meet the surface pattern requirements of different products; the rotating tip cathode 6 can be regarded as a precision electrode. By adjusting the combination of its position and quantity, and utilizing the changes in electric field distribution and current density, special-shaped structures such as spiral patterns, cross grids, and axial grooves can be generated to achieve local special-shaped etching on the surface of the carbon fiber filament;

[0048] A power supply system, wherein the positive electrode of the power supply system is connected to the carbon fiber filament 9, and the negative electrode of the power supply system is connected to the rotating tip cathode 6;

[0049] The control system 8, the power system, the fiber feeding system and the drive assembly are all electrically connected to the control system 8; the control system 8 includes a computer control module and a sensor module, which can automatically adjust the rotation speed of the fiber feeding system and the rotating tip cathode 6 according to the set etching program, thereby achieving precise surface etching and modification;

[0050] With such a configuration, the present invention can accurately etch a special-shaped pattern on the surface of the carbon fiber filament 9 through a rotating cathode electrode system, and can flexibly control the etching shape and depth by adjusting the current density, electrolyte composition and feed speed to meet the surface pattern requirements of different products. It not only improves the bonding strength between the carbon fiber filament 9 and the adhesive material, but is also particularly suitable for high-performance composite materials. It also accurately generates microstructures such as spiral patterns, cross grids, and axial grooves through the synergistic effect of the rotating tip cathode 6 and the current density, effectively increasing the specific surface area and roughness of the carbon fiber filament. In addition, oxygen-containing functional groups (such as -COOH, -OH) can be introduced during the electrochemical treatment process to further enhance the chemical bonding ability of the carbon fiber and the resin.

[0051] The present invention utilizes an electrolyte system to simplify the process flow, eliminating the need for high temperature, high pressure, or vacuum environments. This significantly shortens processing time, improves production efficiency, and significantly reduces energy consumption and equipment costs. The present invention is compatible with continuous production lines and can support large-scale roll-to-roll processing. Multiple fiber bundles can be processed simultaneously per process, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of high-performance carbon fiber reinforced composites.

[0052] The present invention is used to etch desired irregular shapes on the surface of carbon fiber filaments 9. By electrochemically driving the connecting cylinder and the rotating tip cathode with a driving assembly, a uniform and adjustable current density is provided, and the etching area and depth are more accurately controlled, thereby accurately forming a periodic irregular etching pattern on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments 9, optimizing the surface structure, and significantly improving the bonding strength between the carbon fiber filaments 9 and the adhesive material, providing effective technical support for the application of high-performance composite materials.

[0053] The present invention has low energy consumption, low equipment cost, simple operation, no need to use harmful chemicals, outstanding environmental protection, and is extremely suitable for large-scale production. It can periodically etch special-shaped patterns on the surface of the carbon fiber filament 9 according to etching requirements, improve the bonding strength between the carbon fiber surface and the adhesive material, and meet the application requirements of high-performance composite materials.

[0054] According to a further optimized solution, the fiber feeding system includes a fiber feeding driving wheel 1 and a fiber feeding driven wheel 2, which are installed side by side and spaced apart on the inner wall of the electrolyte tank 7, and a guide pulley group is provided between the fiber feeding driving wheel 1 and the fiber feeding driven wheel 2;

[0055] The carbon fiber filaments 9 are wound on the fiber feeding driving wheel 1, the guide pulley group and the fiber feeding driven wheel 2 in sequence. The fiber feeding driving wheel 1 and the fiber feeding driven wheel 2 are both electrically connected to the control system 8;

[0056] The control system 8 controls the rotation of the fiber feed driving wheel 1, pulling the carbon fiber filament 9 to move axially at a constant linear velocity v; the fiber feed driven wheel 2 synchronously follows the rotation and applies constant tension, and together with the guide pulley group maintains a stable feeding path of the carbon fiber filament 9.

[0057] Further optimized, the guide pulley group includes a first guide pulley 3 and a second guide pulley 4, the first guide pulley 3 is installed below the fiber feeding driving wheel 1, and the second guide pulley 4 is installed below the fiber feeding driven wheel 2;

[0058] The first guide pulley 3 and the second guide pulley 4 are both located between the fiber feeding driving wheel 1 and the fiber feeding driven wheel 2, and the carbon fiber filaments 9 are wound on the first guide pulley 3 and the second guide pulley 4;

[0059] The first guide pulley 3 and the second guide pulley 4 are of adjustable design, which can adjust the guide angle according to the diameter of the carbon fiber filament 9 and the etching requirements, ensure the stability of the carbon fiber filament 9 during the electrochemical etching process, and reduce surface damage caused by uneven friction.

[0060] A further optimized solution is provided, wherein the driving assembly includes a driving motor and a transmission belt 5, the driving motor is mounted on the electrolyte tank 7, the output shaft of the driving motor is mounted with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected to the connecting tube through the transmission belt 5, and the driving motor is electrically connected to the control system 8; the control system 8 is controlled by a computer, synchronously adjusting the rotation speeds (n1, n2) of the fiber feeding driving wheel 1 and the fiber feeding driven wheel 2 so that the linear velocity satisfies v1=v2=v, and controlling the rotation speed n of the rotating tip cathode 6 by adjusting the transmission belt 5 speed v5 so that n and the carbon fiber filament 9 feed speed v coordinately match the etching pattern period; wherein v1=n1πd1, v2=n2πd2, d1 is the sum of the diameters of the fiber feeding driving wheel 1 and the carbon fiber filament (9), d2 is the sum of the diameters of the fiber feeding driven wheel 2 and the carbon fiber filament 9, and n1 and n2 are the rotation speeds of the fiber feeding driving wheel 1 and the fiber feeding driven wheel 2, respectively;

[0061] Through the synergistic effect of the array arrangement of several rotating tip cathodes 6, the speed of the fiber feed drive wheel 1 (n1), the speed of the fiber feed driven wheel 2 (n2), the speed of the rotating tip cathode 6 (n) and the electrochemical treatment parameters, spiral patterns, cross grids or axial groove special-shaped structures are generated on the surface of the carbon fiber filament 9 (etching depth 50-500nm, pitch accuracy ±0.5μm).

[0062] Further optimization scheme, the electrolyte tank 7 is installed with a filtering device, a temperature control system and an electrolyte circulation system, and the temperature control system and the electrolyte circulation system are electrically connected to the control system 8. The control accuracy of the temperature control system is ±0.5°C;

[0063] The filtering device can filter out the solid particles generated during the electrolysis process, preventing the particles from adversely affecting the etching of the carbon fiber filament 9 surface, thereby ensuring etching accuracy;

[0064] The temperature control system and the electrolyte circulation system work together to ensure the stability of the reaction rate and the uniformity of the etching effect during the electrochemical etching process; the temperature control system avoids excessive etching or uneven etching due to temperature fluctuations by maintaining a constant temperature of the electrolyte, ensuring the stability of the electrolytic reaction rate and avoiding unsatisfactory reactions due to excessively high or low temperatures; the uniform distribution of the electrolyte components is achieved by the electrolyte circulation system, which can effectively promote the flow and uniform distribution of the electrolyte, ensuring the consistency of the electrolyte composition throughout the tank, avoiding local concentration fluctuations, and further ensuring consistency and accuracy during the etching process.

[0065] To further optimize the solution, the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank 7 is a common electrolyte solution such as sodium nitrate, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and sodium chloride. In this embodiment, sodium chloride is preferred, and its concentration range is 5%-15%. Because Cl- ions have a high mobility, it can ensure that the current density is evenly distributed on the electrode surface, and then gently etch the defect sites on the carbon fiber surface under a neutral environment. At the same time, the introduction of oxygen-containing functional groups helps to improve the chemical activity of the carbon fiber surface, and the electrolysis products are easy to handle, thereby reducing environmental protection costs.

[0066] To further optimize the solution, the rotating tip cathode 6 is made of a conductive and corrosion-resistant material, such as conductive ceramics; the circumferential phase angle of the rotating tip cathode 6 is adjustable from 30° to 90°, and a multi-cathode array arrangement is supported; the number of rotating tip cathodes 6 can be set according to the specific usage environment, and the rotating tip cathode 6 can also be placed at any position on the connecting tube to meet the requirements of heterogeneous structure etching;

[0067] The transmission belt 5 is made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant material, which can maintain stable performance during long-term operation and avoid inaccurate transmission or changes in friction due to material aging.

[0068] To further optimize the solution, the control system 8 is electrically connected to a visual touch screen and a feedback control module. The feedback control module is used to monitor the etching depth and etching shape of the carbon fiber filament 9 surface in real time. The control system 8 automatically adjusts various parameters to ensure the consistency and accuracy of etching of each carbon fiber filament 9.

[0069] Operators can monitor various parameters of the etching process in real time through a visual touch screen, making convenient settings and adjustments to improve operational flexibility and efficiency.

[0070] The present invention also provides a method for electrochemically etching the surface of carbon fiber filaments using a rotating cathode, comprising the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: pre-treating the carbon fiber filaments 9;

[0072] Step 2: Fix the pretreated carbon fiber filaments 9 on the clamping device and use the fiber feeding system to feed the carbon fiber filaments 9; the clamping device is a constant tension guide wheel system, which consists of an active guide wheel (with an adjustable speed range of 1-20 rpm) and a driven guide wheel (equipped with a pressure sensor and a tension control accuracy of ±0.1N);

[0073] Step 3: Immerse the carbon fiber filaments 9 in the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank 7, and use the driving assembly to drive the rotating tip cathode 6 to rotate and contact the surface of the carbon fiber filaments 9 to etch the surface of the carbon fiber filaments 9;

[0074] Step 4: According to the preset etching shape and etching depth, the current size is adjusted using the current source system, the feeding speed of the carbon fiber filament 9 is adjusted using the fiber feeding system, the rotation speed of the rotating tip cathode 6 is adjusted using the driving component, and the composition of the electrolyte is adjusted so that the active ions in the electrolyte react with the surface of the carbon fiber filament 9, forming a preset microstructure on the surface of the carbon fiber filament 9, thereby achieving electrochemical etching of the surface of the carbon fiber filament 9;

[0075] Step 5: After the electrochemical etching treatment is completed, the treated carbon fiber filaments 9 are taken out from the electrolyte tank 7, washed with water and dried to obtain the surface-etched special-shaped carbon fiber filaments 9.

[0076] To further optimize the solution, a three-stage gradient purification process was used for pretreatment. The pretreatment process is as follows:

[0077] The carbon fiber filaments 9 were placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and ultrasonically cleaned with deionized water for 10 minutes to remove inorganic substances on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments 9;

[0078] Ultrasonic cleaning of the carbon fiber filaments 9 was performed for 5 minutes using anhydrous ethanol to remove organic pollutants on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments 9;

[0079] The carbon fiber filaments 9 were cleaned again with deionized water for 5 minutes, with the water temperature maintained at 40±5° C. and the ultrasonic power ≥100 W / L.

[0080] To further optimize the solution, the washing and drying process is as follows:

[0081] The treated carbon fiber filaments 9 are placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for water washing to remove electrolyte residues on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments 9 and clean the surface of the carbon fiber filaments 9; the washed carbon fiber filaments 9 are dried.

[0082] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0083] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art will be able to make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode, characterized in that: include: an electrolyte tank (7), wherein the electrolyte tank (7) is filled with electrolyte; A fiber feeding system, the fiber feeding system being installed in the electrolyte tank (7), and the fiber feeding system being used for feeding carbon fiber filaments (9); A rotating cathode electrode system, comprising a drive assembly and a plurality of rotating tip cathodes (6); the drive assembly is installed in the electrolyte tank (7); a connecting cylinder is installed at the output end of the drive assembly; the carbon fiber filament (9) passes through the connecting cylinder; the rotating tip cathode (6) is installed on the connecting cylinder, and the plurality of rotating tip cathodes (6) are arranged in an array; the rotating tip cathode (6) faces the carbon fiber filament (9); A power supply system, wherein the positive electrode of the power supply system is connected to the carbon fiber filament (9), and the negative electrode of the power supply system is connected to the rotating tip cathode (6); A control system (8), wherein the power supply system, the fiber feeding system and the drive assembly are all electrically connected to the control system (8).

2. The device for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surfaces using a rotating cathode according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fiber feeding system comprises a fiber feeding driving wheel (1) and a fiber feeding driven wheel (2), wherein the fiber feeding driving wheel (1) and the fiber feeding driven wheel (2) are installed side by side and at intervals on the inner wall of the electrolyte tank (7), and a guide pulley group is provided between the fiber feeding driving wheel (1) and the fiber feeding driven wheel (2); The carbon fiber filaments (9) are sequentially wound on the fiber feeding drive wheel (1), the guide pulley group and the fiber feeding driven wheel (2), and the fiber feeding drive wheel (1) and the fiber feeding driven wheel (2) are both electrically connected to the control system (8).

3. The device for electrochemically etching carbon fiber surfaces using a rotating cathode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide pulley assembly comprises a first guide pulley (3) and a second guide pulley (4), wherein the first guide pulley (3) is installed below the fiber feeding driving wheel (1), and the second guide pulley (4) is installed below the fiber feeding driven wheel (2); The first guide pulley (3) and the second guide pulley (4) are both located between the fiber feeding driving wheel (1) and the fiber feeding driven wheel (2), and the carbon fiber filaments (9) are wound on the first guide pulley (3) and the second guide pulley (4).

4. The device for electrochemically etching carbon fiber surfaces using a rotating cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly comprises a drive motor and a transmission belt (5); the drive motor is mounted on the electrolyte tank (7); a drive shaft is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor; the drive shaft is connected to the connecting cylinder via the transmission belt (5); and the drive motor is electrically connected to the control system (8).

5. The device for electrochemically etching carbon fiber surfaces using a rotating cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte tank (7) is equipped with a filtering device, a temperature control system, and an electrolyte circulation system. The temperature control system and the electrolyte circulation system are both electrically connected to the control system (8).

6. The device for electrochemically etching carbon fiber surfaces using a rotating cathode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating tip cathode (6) is made of a conductive corrosion-resistant material; and the transmission belt (5) is made of a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant material.

7. The device for electrochemically etching carbon fiber surfaces using a rotating cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system (8) is electrically connected to a visual touch screen and a feedback control module, and the feedback control module is used to monitor the etching depth and etching shape of the surface of the carbon fiber filament (9) in real time.

8. A method for electrochemically etching the surface of carbon fiber filaments using a rotating cathode, comprising: a device for electrochemically etching the surface of carbon fiber filaments using a rotating cathode according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: pre-treating the carbon fiber filaments (9); Step 2: Fix the pretreated carbon fiber filaments (9) on a clamping device, and use a fiber feeding system to feed the carbon fiber filaments (9); Step 3: Immerse the carbon fiber filament (9) in the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank (7), and use the driving assembly to drive the rotating tip cathode (6) to rotate and contact the surface of the carbon fiber filament (9), thereby etching the surface of the carbon fiber filament (9); Step 4: According to the preset etching shape and etching depth, the current size is adjusted using the current source system, the feeding speed of the carbon fiber filament (9) is adjusted using the fiber feeding system, the rotation speed of the rotating tip cathode (6) is adjusted using the driving component, and the composition of the electrolyte is adjusted so that the active ions in the electrolyte react with the surface of the carbon fiber filament (9), a preset microstructure is generated on the surface of the carbon fiber filament (9), and electrochemical etching of the surface of the carbon fiber filament (9) is achieved; Step 5: After the electrochemical etching treatment is completed, the treated carbon fiber filaments (9) are taken out from the electrolyte tank (7), washed with water and dried to obtain surface-etched special-shaped carbon fiber filaments (9).

9. The method for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of the pretreatment is: The carbon fiber filaments (9) are placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and ultrasonically cleaned with deionized water for 10 minutes to remove inorganic substances on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments (9); Ultrasonic cleaning of the carbon fiber filaments (9) was performed using anhydrous ethanol for 5 minutes to remove organic pollutants on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments (9); The carbon fiber filaments (9) were washed again with deionized water for 5 minutes.

10. The method for electrochemical etching of carbon fiber surface profiles based on a rotating cathode according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of washing and drying is as follows: The treated carbon fiber filaments (9) are placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for water washing to remove electrolyte residues on the surface of the carbon fiber filaments (9) and clean the surface of the carbon fiber filaments (9); The cleaned carbon fiber filaments (9) are dried.

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