Multi-modal fusion Binjiang ductile corridor system construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-modal fusion Binjiang ductile gallery system construction method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring multi-modal data of a Binjiang region, performing rainfall flood simulation on the Binjiang region based on the multi-modal data, and performing dynamic risk overlay analysis on flood risks of the Binjiang region according to a simulation result to generate flood dynamic risk partitions; evaluating the land suitability of the Binjiang region according to the multi-modal data to generate a land suitability grading graph; gallery grading line selection is carried out based on the multi-modal data, the flood dynamic risk partition and the land use suitability grading graph, and a planning graph of each stage of gallery is obtained; and performing composite section design according to the elevation of the area where the gallery is located to obtain a gallery section design drawing. According to the method, through rainfall flood risk assessment, region grading and corridor multi-level line selection, a tough and multifunctional Binjiang corridor system is constructed so as to adapt to the seasonal rhythm of the water level and the flood control standard rhythm, and meanwhile, the requirements of ecological protection, cultural inheritance and resident leisure are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of urban flood control and ecological landscape planning, and specifically relates to a method for constructing a multi-modal fusion riverside resilient corridor system. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of increasingly severe global climate change, riverside areas are experiencing unprecedented seasonal water level fluctuations. This complex and volatile hydrological environment places higher demands on the design of urban infrastructure and public spaces. As one of the most popular public open spaces in a city, riverside areas not only have a significant impact on the health and quality of life of residents but also serve as a key resource for promoting high-quality development of riverside shorelines. However, traditional riverside corridor design is often limited to single-dimensional considerations, neglecting the integration of flood resilience, ecological protection, and cultural functions. This results in serious challenges to the functionality and safety of riverside areas under extreme weather conditions.

[0003] Currently, the main technologies considered in riverside corridor design include traditional flood control engineering technology, landscape planning technology, and resilient city technology. Traditional flood control engineering technology mainly relies on hard structures such as hard embankments and drainage networks. Although these measures can effectively control floods to a certain extent, they lack ecological adaptability, seriously severing the natural connection between waterfront space and urban functions, affecting the overall ecological environment of the city and the quality of life of residents; in terms of landscape planning methods, current riverside corridor designs mostly focus on a single function, such as ecological restoration or leisure and entertainment, while ignoring the corridor's systematic response capabilities to dynamic changes in water levels and rainstorm disasters; as for resilient city technology, existing resilience evaluation models are mostly constructed based on static data and fail to combine seasonal inundation dynamic simulation with multi-objective land use suitability analysis, thereby limiting the adaptability of corridor layout to seasonal water level rhythms and different flood control standards. This lack of data fusion leads to a one-sided decision-making process and an inability to fully evaluate the comprehensive benefits of corridor design.

[0004] In summary, the current technical defects in the field of riverside corridor design are mainly reflected in the following three aspects: first, the single function. Traditional corridor design is difficult to find a balance between flood control, ecological protection and human needs; second, insufficient dynamic adaptability. It fails to fully consider the long-term impact of seasonal rhythms of water levels and differences in flood control standards on corridor layout; third, the lack of data fusion. The inadequacy of spatial collaborative analysis of multi-source data (including hydrology, land use, cultural resources, etc.) leads to insufficient decision-making basis, which affects the realization of sustainable development of riverside areas.

[0005] Therefore, it is particularly urgent and important to develop a multifunctional corridor system based on the concept of resilient design that can effectively cope with seasonal water level uncertainties and meet the diverse needs of tourists, residents and flood prevention patrol personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a multimodal fusion method for constructing a riverside resilient corridor system, which has the technical effects of improving flood control resilience, enhancing ecological continuity, and achieving multi-functional synergy.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-modal fusion riverside resilient corridor system construction method, comprising the following steps: Acquire multimodal data of the riverside area, wherein the multimodal data includes basic geographic data, hydrological data, land use data, and POI data; Based on multimodal data, the riverside area is simulated for rain and flood, and a dynamic risk superposition analysis of the flood risk in the riverside area is performed based on the simulation results to generate a dynamic flood risk zoning map; Evaluate the land suitability of the riverside area based on multimodal data to generate a land suitability classification map; Corridor line selection is carried out based on multimodal data, dynamic flood risk zoning maps, and land suitability classification maps, and planning maps of corridors at all levels are obtained; A composite section design is carried out according to the elevation of the area where the corridor is located to obtain a corridor section design drawing.

[0008] Furthermore, after obtaining the multimodal data of the riverside area, ArcGIS is used to pre-process the multimodal data, and stormwater simulation, land suitability evaluation, and corridor line selection are performed based on the pre-processed data. The pre-processing includes: Use Spatial Analyst tool to fill the depression of DEM data; Use the Hydrology Toolbox to extract river networks, flow diagrams, and runoff accumulation, and to divide the number and boundaries of sub-basins. The Zonal Statistics tool is used to count and extract the basin parameters of each sub-basin.

[0009] Furthermore, the rain and flood simulation of the riverside area based on multimodal data includes: The watershed parameters extracted by ArcGIS were imported into the SWMM model, and a rainfall scenario with a recurrence period of N years / M years was set to simulate the flood inundation depth and range, and the flood inundation raster map data was output. N and M were the set first and second years, respectively, and N was less than M.

[0010] Furthermore, the dynamic risk superposition analysis of the flood risk in the riverside area based on the simulation results to generate a dynamic flood risk zoning map includes: Based on the flood inundation raster map, the flood inundation depth is divided using the Reclassify tool to obtain a flood risk map; Superimpose seasonal water level data and flood risk maps to obtain seasonal flood dynamic risk range maps; Calculate the flood risk index based on the data in the seasonal flood dynamic risk range map; Based on the inundation risk index, the seasonal flood dynamic risk range map is divided into risk levels to obtain a flood dynamic risk zoning map.

[0011] Furthermore, the flood dynamic risk zoning map is: High-risk area: areas with FRI ≥ F1, corresponding to floods with a return period of M years; Medium risk area: the area where F2≤FRI<F1, corresponding to floods with a return period of once every N years; Low-risk area: areas with FRI < F2, corresponding to regular rainy season waterlogging; Among them, FRI is the flooding risk index; F1 and F2 are the first setting index and the second setting index respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the flooding risk index is calculated using the following formula: Among them, FRI is the flood risk index; is the submergence depth; is the duration of submergence; is the flow rate; 、 、 are the weights of flooding depth, flooding duration and flow velocity respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the land suitability evaluation of the riverside area based on the multimodal data to generate a land suitability classification map includes: Slope, ecological sensitivity, cultural resource density, and current construction intensity were selected as evaluation factors. The AHP analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weights of each evaluation factor. The Weighted Overlay tool was used to overlay the standardized evaluation factors to generate a land suitability classification map.

[0014] Furthermore, the corridor line selection is performed based on multimodal data, dynamic flood risk zoning and land suitability classification map to obtain planning maps of corridors at all levels, including: Expand the buffer zone of the first distance along the boundary of the high-risk area, combine with the area of ​​high land suitability, screen the continuous strip space with a slope less than the set slope, and use the Least Cost Path tool to generate the flood control corridor path with minimum ecological interference to form a first-level corridor; Within the intersection of low- and medium-risk areas and high-suitability areas, the Network Analyst tool was used to connect cultural nodes and residential areas to generate a recreational trail network and form a secondary corridor.

[0015] Furthermore, the composite section design according to the elevation of the corridor area includes: Three-level sections are designed according to the corridor elevation zoning: the lower section is paved with flood-resistant plants and permeable components, the middle section is equipped with detachable plank roads and moisture-resistant trees, and the upper section is arranged with permanent cultural and leisure facilities.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes verification of the constructed corridor system: verifying whether the corridor system meets the standards by calculating the corridor coverage rate. If the corridor coverage rate is greater than or equal to the threshold, it is verified that the corridor system meets the standards; otherwise, it is verified that the corridor system does not meet the standards.

[0017] This method, through stormwater risk assessment, regional classification, and multi-level corridor alignment, constructs a resilient and multifunctional riverside corridor system that adapts to the seasonal rhythms of water levels and flood control standards, while simultaneously meeting the needs of ecological protection, cultural heritage, and residents' leisure. This makes urban riverside areas multifunctional and more resilient to changing water levels. Compared with traditional methods, this method has significant benefits, as embodied in the following aspects: Dynamic resilience is significantly improved: By introducing seasonal inundation simulation technology and combining it with a graded line selection strategy, the corridor system can flexibly adapt to water level changes in different seasons, effectively reduce the impact of flood disasters on surrounding areas, significantly reduce flood losses, and enhance the adaptability and resilience of the corridor system.

[0018] Multifunctional and complex efficient utilization: It innovatively integrates the three functions of ecological buffering, citizen activities and cultural heritage, which not only ensures the ecological safety of the corridor, but also enriches the leisure life of citizens, while promoting the inheritance and development of local culture, and greatly improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the riverside corridor space.

[0019] Enhanced scientific decision-making support: Multimodal data fusion and visualization analysis technology based on the ArcGIS platform enables precise optimization of corridor layout design. This approach provides planners with strong decision-making support through intuitive data display and in-depth analysis, ensuring the scientific and rational construction of the corridor system.

[0020] Accurate dynamic risk quantification: The FRI formula comprehensively considers multiple factors such as inundation depth, duration and flow rate, overcoming the limitations of traditional risk assessment methods that rely solely on a single factor. It achieves comprehensive and dynamic quantification of flood risks faced by riverside corridors and improves the accuracy of risk management.

[0021] Multi-objective optimization balance: Combining AHP weight analysis with the minimum cost path algorithm, an effective balance between flood control safety needs and ecological and cultural functions is achieved. Through multi-objective optimization strategies, it is ensured that the corridor system meets flood control requirements while maximizing the preservation of ecological value and cultural characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is a further description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] In the existing technology, the design of riverside corridors has long faced the problems of single function and insufficient dynamic adaptability. Traditional methods mostly use rigid flood control structures, which leads to the fragmentation of ecological space; landscape planning focuses on static layout and is difficult to cope with seasonal water level fluctuations; data application is limited to a single dimension and lacks collaborative analysis of multi-source information. In order to solve the existing problems, the study found that the temporal and spatial differences in hydrological dynamics and land carrying capacity are the core factors affecting corridor resilience. By analyzing historical flood data, it was found that there is a nonlinear relationship between inundation depth and duration on infrastructure damage. Further research found that the existing technology lacks a method to spatially couple hydrological simulation results with land use suitability, resulting in a lack of scientific basis for corridor line selection. Based on this, the present invention proposes to establish a multimodal data fusion framework to achieve corridor layout optimization through dynamic risk superposition and hierarchical line selection mechanism.

[0025] Therefore, the present invention proposes to obtain multimodal data of the riverside area; perform rain and flood simulation on the riverside area based on the multimodal data, and perform dynamic risk superposition analysis on the flood risk of the riverside area according to the simulation results to generate a dynamic flood risk zoning map; evaluate the land suitability of the riverside area according to the multimodal data to generate a land suitability classification map; perform corridor classification line selection based on the multimodal data, the dynamic flood risk zoning map and the land suitability classification map to obtain planning maps of corridors at all levels; perform composite section design according to the elevation of the area where the corridor is located to obtain a corridor section design map.

[0026] Among them, multimodal data refers to a multi-dimensional data set that integrates geographic spatial information and characteristics of human activities. Specifically, it can be achieved by using satellite remote sensing images, hydrological monitoring station data, land survey data, and data collected from points of interest, providing a spatial basis for subsequent analysis. Dynamic risk overlay analysis refers to the spatial quantification of flood impacts at different time scales. Specifically, it can be achieved by using raster data algebraic operations to solve the timeliness problem of traditional static risk assessment. The land suitability classification map refers to a spatial distribution map that reflects the suitability of land development. Specifically, it can be generated using the hierarchical analysis method and weighted overlay tools to provide spatial constraints for corridor line selection. Composite section design refers to the construction of a hierarchical functional structure based on elevation differences. Specifically, it can be achieved by using three-dimensional terrain modeling and vertical zoning methods to enhance the adaptability of facilities to water level fluctuations.

[0027] Specifically, a unified spatial database is formed by integrating multi-source data through a geographic information system platform, and a hydrological model is used to simulate the spatial distribution characteristics of flood scenarios with different recurrence periods. Dynamic parameters such as flood inundation depth and duration are rasterized, and seasonal water level fluctuation data are superimposed to generate risk level zoning. At the same time, suitable construction areas are divided based on the results of land carrying capacity assessment, and priority corridor layout areas are determined through spatial overlay analysis. During the route selection process, a layered cross-section structure is designed in combination with elevation data. For example, permeable pavement and flood-resistant vegetation are arranged in low-lying areas, and permanent facilities are installed in higher areas to form a three-dimensional protection system.

[0028] This plan achieves multi-level protection through dynamic risk zoning, establishes a scientific site selection basis through land suitability classification, and realizes functional differentiation through elevation zoning. This multi-dimensional data fusion and dynamic analysis mechanism breaks through the limitations of data silos and static assessments in traditional technologies, realizes the dynamic matching of flood control standards and ecological functions, and solves the failure problem of traditional corridors under extreme hydrological conditions; optimizes the rationality of corridor layout through the spatial superposition of multi-source data, avoids land resource mismatch; and improves the adaptability of facilities to water level fluctuations through composite section design, extending the service life of facilities.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-modal fusion riverside resilient corridor system construction method, which specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Data acquisition and preprocessing Acquire multimodal data, including but not limited to: collecting basic geographic data such as high-precision DEM, river system vector data, and administrative boundaries; hydrological data such as historical rainfall intensity and river section monitoring data; land use data such as land cover classification maps interpreted by remote sensing; POI data, including cultural resource kernel density, etc.

[0030] ArcGIS preprocessing: The DEM was filled using the Fill tool in the ArcGIS Spatial Analyst module. The river network, flow direction map, and runoff accumulation were extracted using the Flow Direction and Stream Network tools in the Hydrology Toolbox. The sub-basin boundaries were then delineated. The runoff accumulation formula is: in, is a grid cell ( ) of the cumulative flow; is the contribution area to the adjacent unit K (1 unit area); For the flow direction mark (if the unit K QUOTE flows to the current unit, then =1, otherwise 0); n is the total number of domain grids.

[0031] Subsequently, the “Zonal Statistics” tool was used to calculate the average slope, catchment area and other watershed parameters of each sub-watershed.

[0032] Among them, depression filling refers to eliminating false water accumulation points formed in the sunken area of ​​the digital elevation model, and raising the elevation value of the sunken area to the elevation of the adjacent lowest overflow point through iterative calculation, so as to ensure the accuracy of surface runoff simulation. River network extraction refers to determining the river network based on flow direction analysis and runoff accumulation threshold, identifying potential river locations by setting runoff accumulation threshold parameters, and forming river network data with a topological structure. Sub-basin division refers to dividing hydrological units according to the principle of basin watershed, and generating sub-basin boundaries by tracing the upstream catchment area of ​​each river node. Basin parameter statistics refers to indicators that quantitatively characterize the morphological characteristics of sub-basins. By using the sub-basin boundary as a statistical unit, parameters such as average slope, runoff area, and river density are calculated to provide input data for subsequent hydrological models.

[0033] Specifically, the original DEM data is first processed by filling depressions to eliminate the problem of runoff path interruption caused by terrain depressions and generate continuous basic data for surface runoff simulation. Subsequently, based on the corrected DEM data, the river network topology is constructed through flow direction analysis and runoff accumulation calculation, and the sub-basin boundaries are automatically divided in combination with the watershed algorithm to form hydrological analysis units with spatial correlation. Finally, for each sub-basin, its morphological parameters and hydrological characteristic parameters are statistically analyzed to generate a standardized basin characteristic data set. These three processing steps form a progressive data optimization process, in which the filling depression process ensures the physical rationality of the terrain data, the river network extraction and sub-basin division establish a spatial topological relationship, and the basin parameter statistics provide accurate input parameters for subsequent flood simulations of rainfall scenarios with different return periods, ultimately realizing the collaborative analysis of multimodal data in the spatial dimension.

[0034] This invention integrates depression filling, river network extraction, sub-basin division, and parameter statistics into an automated processing chain by constructing a standardized preprocessing process based on the ArcGIS tool chain. This not only solves the problem of local data errors, but also establishes a unified spatial topology model, significantly improving the collaborative analysis capabilities of multi-source data. Specifically, the depression filling process eliminates the runoff simulation deviation caused by terrain depressions, thereby improving the accuracy of flood inundation range prediction; sub-basin division and parameter statistics establish a standardized hydrological analysis unit to support dynamic simulation of rainfall scenarios with different return periods; the preprocessed multi-source data is unified in spatial coordinate system, data format, and topological relationship, providing a reliable data basis for the multi-factor superposition analysis in the subsequent land suitability evaluation, while ensuring the accuracy of ecological interference assessment and path optimization during corridor line selection.

[0035] Step 2: Construction and simulation of stormwater model Model coupling: Import basin parameters extracted from ArcGIS into the SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) model, set a rainfall scenario with a return period of 50 years / 100 years, simulate flood inundation depth and range, and output a flood inundation raster map (TIFF format). The formula used in SWMM flood simulation is the Manning formula (for calculating river flow velocity): in, is the flow velocity (m / s); n is the Manning roughness coefficient; R is the hydraulic radius (m); S is the water surface slope.

[0036] Among them, watershed parameters refer to data representing hydrological characteristics such as river network density, confluence time, and sub-basin area extracted through hydrological analysis tools. These parameters provide spatial input data for hydrological models. The SWMM model refers to a stormwater flood management model, which can be implemented using the open source software EPA SWMM. It simulates the evolution of floods in complex terrain by constructing a coupled model of pipe networks and surface runoff. The recurrence period refers to the statistical period of rainfall events of a specific intensity. It can be determined through historical rainfall frequency analysis. For example, the settings of 50-year and 100-year scenarios can respectively represent conventional flood control standards and extreme event response needs.

[0037] Specifically, spatial analysis of multimodal geographic data was performed through the ArcGIS platform to extract key hydrological parameters such as watershed boundaries and river network distribution, and convert them into an input format recognizable by the SWMM model. During the model construction phase, two design rainfall intensities with a return period of 50 years and 100 years were set respectively. By continuously calculating the surface runoff and the drainage capacity of the pipe network, the flood inundation process under different scenarios was dynamically simulated. The inundation depth and range data were output in raster form, and each pixel recorded the water depth information of the spatial location, forming a basic flood risk data set with spatiotemporal continuity. This process achieves a deep integration of geospatial data and hydrological dynamic models, and reveals the differentiated impact of water level fluctuations on inundation characteristics through dual-threshold scenario simulation.

[0038] By coupling the geographic information system with the hydrological model, the present invention establishes a multi-scenario dynamic simulation mechanism, enabling inundation analysis to simultaneously adapt to the flood control needs of conventional rainfall and once-in-a-century rainstorms. This solves the problem of insufficient model adaptability in the existing technology, and realizes the dynamic and refined assessment of flood risks in riverside areas. The generated inundation raster map can accurately reflect the spatial inundation characteristics under different flood control standards, providing a high-precision spatiotemporal data basis for subsequent risk superposition analysis, and effectively improving the adaptability of the corridor layout to seasonal water level fluctuations.

[0039] Step 3: Dynamic flood risk zoning Based on the flood inundation raster map, the "Reclassify" tool in ArcGIS was used to categorize inundation depths to create a flood risk map, which includes high-risk, medium-risk, and low-risk areas. The Reclassify tool is a spatial analysis tool that classifies raster data based on a preset threshold. This tool, implemented using the reclassification function in ArcGIS, is used to classify continuous flood inundation depths into different risk levels.

[0040] High-risk areas: areas with an inundation depth >1.5m, corresponding to a 100-year flood; Medium risk area: areas with a flood depth of 0.5m<≤1.5m, corresponding to a 50-year flood; Low-risk area: Areas with inundation depth ≤ 0.5m, corresponding to regular rainy season waterlogging.

[0041] The Raster Calculator tool overlays seasonal water level data with the flood risk map to create a seasonal flood dynamic risk range map. Seasonal water level data refers to periodic water level variation data collected by hydrological monitoring stations. Kriging interpolation is used to generate a spatially continuous inundation range raster, quantifying the dynamic water level variation. This data is then multiplied with the flood risk map using the Raster Calculator to create a seasonal flood dynamic risk range map.

[0042] The Flood Risk Index (FRI) is calculated based on the data in the seasonal flood dynamic risk range map to quantify the comprehensive impact of flood disasters.

[0043] Specifically, the flood inundation grid output by the SWMM model was depth-classified using the Reclassify tool to generate a spatial distribution map reflecting different degrees of inundation. The seasonal water level data from hydrological monitoring was converted into raster data with the same resolution as the flood risk map through spatial interpolation. Multiplication was performed using a raster calculator to dynamically adjust the flood risk range with seasonal water level fluctuations. On this basis, the inundation risk index of each grid cell was obtained through weighted calculation of the three elements of inundation depth, duration, and flow velocity. Finally, the risk index was divided into three dynamic risk zones: high, medium, and low, based on the preset threshold. The high-risk zone corresponds to extreme flood scenarios, the medium-risk zone corresponds to conventional flood control standards, and the low-risk zone represents areas with normal waterlogging during the rainy season.

[0044] This solution integrates hydrological monitoring data with flood simulation results, and uses spatial interpolation and raster computing technology to achieve dynamic updates of the risk range. At the same time, it introduces a multi-factor weighted model to replace a single flood depth indicator, so that the risk assessment is more in line with the actual disaster formation mechanism. The zoning map generated by the present invention can automatically adjust the risk level with seasonal changes, significantly improving the adaptability of the corridor layout to dynamic changes in water levels. The present invention can accurately reflect the dynamic impact of seasonal water level fluctuations on the flood range, and at the same time improve the scientific nature of risk zoning through a comprehensive evaluation of multiple factors. The generated dynamic risk zoning map provides a decision-making basis for corridor line selection that takes into account both extreme events and normal water conditions, avoids engineering redundancy or insufficient protection caused by a single flood control standard, and ensures the functional stability of the corridor system under different hydrological conditions.

[0045] Based on the inundation risk index, the seasonal flood dynamic risk range map is divided into risk levels to obtain a flood dynamic risk zoning map.

[0046] The calculation formula of flooding risk index is: Among them, FRI is the flood risk index; is the submergence depth (normalized value); is the duration of submergence (normalized value); is the flow rate (normalized value); 、 、 They are the weights of inundation depth, inundation duration and flow velocity, which can be dynamically adjusted according to historical flood data to comprehensively reflect the contribution of different hydrological parameters to the risk level.

[0047] The present invention couples and calculates three types of dynamic hydrological parameters, namely, inundation depth, duration, and flow velocity, through a linear weighted model. The inundation depth parameter is spatially interpolated based on the rasterized flood inundation map to reflect the water level distribution characteristics of different geographical units; the duration parameter extracts the disaster exposure period in the time dimension through continuous monitoring data; and the flow velocity parameter quantifies the water flow impact effect in combination with the output of the hydrodynamic model. The weight coefficient is dynamically configured according to the differences in regional flood control standards. For example, in key protection areas, the flow velocity weight can be increased to enhance the impact resistance, while in ecologically sensitive areas, the duration weight is increased to evaluate the impact of long-term immersion. Through multi-source data fusion and dynamic parameter adjustment, the flood risk is transformed from a single static indicator to a quantitative assessment of multi-factor spatiotemporal superposition.

[0048] The final flood dynamic risk zoning map is: High-risk area: areas with FRI ≥ 0.7, corresponding to a 100-year flood; Medium risk area: areas with a FRI of 0.4≤FRI<0.7, corresponding to a 50-year flood; Low-risk area: Areas with FRI < 0.4, corresponding to regular rainy season waterlogging.

[0049] This method divides riverside areas into three risk zones by comparing the inundation risk index with two set index thresholds (i.e., 0.4 and 0.7, as mentioned above). For example, when the inundation risk index reaches or exceeds the first set index, it indicates that the area faces a high risk in extreme flood scenarios and requires flood control measures corresponding to a once-in-M-year return period. When the index of the medium-risk zone lies between the two thresholds, it indicates that the area faces a moderate risk in conventional flood scenarios and requires flood control standards corresponding to a once-in-N-year return period. The low-risk zone corresponds to natural water accumulation during the rainy season and does not require high-level flood control measures. This classification method, by combining a dynamic risk index with multiple thresholds, enables risk zoning to simultaneously reflect the impact of seasonal water level fluctuations and the combined effects of floods with different return periods. This avoids the disconnect between risk levels and actual hydrological conditions in traditional static zoning, and improves the spatiotemporal accuracy of risk assessment. Through the above technical solutions, the layout of flood control facilities can be dynamically adjusted according to the water level changes in different seasons and different levels of flood control standards. For example, during the high water level in the rainy season, priority is given to ensuring the flood control capacity of high-risk areas, while during the normal water level period, the land use efficiency of medium and low-risk areas is optimized, thereby providing a scientific basis for the hierarchical construction of riverside corridors.

[0050] Step 4: Land suitability evaluation Slope, ecological sensitivity, cultural resource density, and current construction intensity were selected as evaluation factors. The weights of each factor were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The standardized factors were overlaid using the "Weighted Overlay" tool to generate a land suitability classification map. Standardization involves operations such as coordinate system 1 and missing value filling.

[0051] Among them, slope refers to the quantitative indicator of the steepness of the surface unit, which can be calculated by DEM data through the Slope tool to evaluate the impact of terrain stability on the layout of flood control facilities; ecological sensitivity refers to the ability of the ecosystem to resist external interference, which can be quantified by superimposing vegetation coverage, biodiversity index and other layers, and is used to identify priority areas for ecological protection; cultural resource density refers to the distribution density of historical buildings and cultural relics per unit area, which can be spatially processed by kernel density analysis method for POI data to ensure the continuity of cultural landscape; current construction intensity refers to the proportion of developed land to the total area of ​​the region, which can be calculated by land use classification data to balance development needs and ecological protection; AHP hierarchical analysis method refers to a multi-criteria decision-making method that calculates the relative importance of each evaluation factor by constructing a judgment matrix, which can be used to determine the pairwise comparison value between factors to eliminate subjective weighting bias; Weighted The Overlay tool is a geographic analysis tool that implements weighted calculations of multiple layers based on the principle of spatial overlay. Specifically, it can perform raster operations by setting weight coefficients and scoring rules to generate comprehensive suitability evaluation results. Standardization processing refers to the operation of eliminating the differences in spatial benchmarks and attribute dimensions of multi-source data. Specifically, the projection conversion tool can be used to unify the coordinate system, and the mean filling method can be used to process missing data to ensure the accuracy of data fusion.

[0052] Specifically, slope information extracted from DEM data served as the basis for terrain stability assessment. Ecological protection zones were delineated using the results of an ecological sensitivity analysis. Kernel density analysis was used to identify cultural resource concentrations, and the proportion of construction land in each grid cell was calculated to reflect development intensity. The AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was used to construct an evaluation system. For example, experts in urban planning and ecological conservation were invited to conduct pairwise importance comparisons of the four factors. A judgment matrix was generated, and weight coefficients were calculated using a consistency test. Data for each evaluation factor was uniformly converted to the same coordinate system and grid resolution, and missing data was imputed using the mean of the surrounding cells to ensure continuity in the spatial analysis. The Weighted Overlay tool was used to load standardized raster layers for slope, ecological sensitivity, cultural resource density, and construction intensity. These layers were weighted and overlaid using the calculated weights. The resulting land suitability map was then generated, with high, medium, and low categorizations. This map clearly identifies areas suitable for flood control construction, priority areas for ecological restoration, and core areas for cultural landscape protection, providing a spatial basis for subsequent corridor route selection.

[0053] This paper achieves multi-objective collaborative optimization by constructing an evaluation system encompassing four dimensions: natural terrain, ecological protection, cultural resources, and development intensity. Furthermore, through standardized operations, the present invention eliminates spatial benchmark differences, improves data fusion accuracy, and achieves the coordinated optimization of flood control safety, ecological protection, and cultural functions. The selection of multi-dimensional evaluation factors covers key elements such as terrain stability, ecological fragility, cultural value, and development potential. A scientific weighting method avoids subjective judgment bias, and standardized processing ensures the effective integration of multi-source heterogeneous data. The resulting land suitability classification map provides a quantitative decision-making basis for corridor layout that takes into account multiple objectives.

[0054] Step 5: Corridor line selection Level 1 corridor (flood control dominant area): Expand the buffer zone of the first distance (e.g., 50 m) along the boundary of the high-risk area. Combined with the high ecological suitability area, screen the continuous strip space with a slope less than the set slope (e.g., 10%). The screening is to screen the overlapping areas of the two types of regional maps (buffer zone and high ecological suitability area). Use the "Least Cost Path" tool to generate the flood control corridor path with the least ecological interference. The formula is: in, is the minimum corridor path, It is the resistance value of Class 1 land use; is the distance (m) across the first type of land; m is the total number of grid cells crossed by the path.

[0055] Secondary corridors (multifunctional composite areas): Within the intersection of medium- and low-risk areas and areas of high land suitability, the "Network Analyst" tool is used to connect cultural nodes and residential areas to generate a recreational trail network. The intersection range is the intersection of medium- and low-risk areas and areas of high suitability.

[0056] The first-distance buffer zone refers to the spatial extent extending a certain distance outward from the boundary of the high-risk flood zone. This can be achieved through the GIS buffer analysis tool and used to construct redundant flood control safety space. Highly suitable areas refer to the areas with the highest evaluation rating in the land suitability classification map. They are generated using the analytic hierarchy process and weighted overlay tools and are used to screen areas with intact ecological foundations and few development restrictions. The set slope refers to the maximum allowable slope value set based on project feasibility requirements. The terrain analysis tool can be used to extract slope data and perform threshold screening to ensure that the corridor path meets construction conditions. The minimum cost path tool is an algorithm that constructs a cost raster based on ecological interference factors and calculates the optimal path. This is implemented using the GIS path analysis module and is used to balance flood control needs with ecological protection goals. The network analysis tool is a spatial analysis tool that constructs node connectivity based on graph theory. This is implemented using the GIS network analysis module and is used to optimize the accessible connections between cultural nodes and residential areas.

[0057] Specifically, during the construction of the first-level corridor, the boundaries of high-risk areas are first identified through a dynamic flood risk zoning map, and then a buffer zone is formed to reserve redundant flood control space. Subsequently, a land suitability classification map is superimposed to screen highly suitable areas, and slope data is combined to filter out continuous strips of space that meet engineering requirements. Finally, a cost grid is constructed based on ecological interference factors, and a minimum cost path algorithm is used to generate corridor paths that balance flood control safety and ecological integrity. During the construction of the second-level corridor, cultural resource nodes and residential location data are extracted within the overlapping range of medium- and low-risk areas and high-suitability areas. The optimal connection path is calculated using network analysis tools to form a trail network that meets the needs of leisure activities and avoids highly ecologically sensitive areas. Through spatial condition screening and path optimization algorithms, the two-level corridor achieves a coordinated layout that combines rigid flood control constraints with flexible humanistic penetration.

[0058] The present invention establishes spatial screening conditions through multimodal data fusion, and realizes functional zoning optimization in combination with a hierarchical line selection algorithm; it ensures the safety of corridor layout through the dual constraints of risk and land use, reduces ecological interference by using a path cost model, and improves the accessibility of cultural resources by using network analysis. The present invention solves the technical problem that traditional designs cannot take into account both flood control safety and ecological and humanistic needs, and realizes a dynamic adaptive layout of different risk areas and land use conditions. Specifically, the first-level corridor maintains the continuity of the riverside ecological corridor while ensuring flood control capabilities through buffer zone expansion and ecological path optimization; the second-level corridor constructs a cultural and leisure function network within the safe area through risk-land intersection screening and network connection algorithm. This hierarchical system enables flood control facilities and humanistic activity spaces to form a complementary structure, avoids functional conflicts, and improves the spatial utilization efficiency of the riverside area.

[0059] Step 6: Design of corridor section composite section Three-level sections are designed according to the elevation of the corridor area: the lower layer uses flood-resistant plants and permeable pavement; the middle layer is equipped with detachable plank roads and moisture-resistant trees; and the upper layer is arranged with permanent cultural and leisure facilities.

[0060] Elevation zoning refers to dividing the corridor vertically into different elevation zones based on topographic undulations. This can be achieved by extracting contour lines and dividing them into elevation intervals using a digital elevation model, with elevation differences corresponding to different flood risk levels. Flood-tolerant plants refer to vegetation species that are resistant to water immersion. Specifically, aquatic plants with well-developed root systems, such as reeds and cattails, can be used to enhance soil retention. Permeable paving refers to paving materials with a porous structure. Specifically, permeable concrete or ecological grass bricks can be used to promote the infiltration of surface runoff. Detachable boardwalks refer to elevated walkway structures that can be quickly assembled and disassembled. Specifically, modular anticorrosive wood components and bolted connections can be used to facilitate rapid evacuation during flood seasons. Moisture-tolerant trees refer to tree species adapted to periodic wet environments. Specifically, waterlogging-resistant trees, such as Metasequoia and Pool Cypress, can be used to maintain vegetation continuity. Permanent cultural and leisure facilities refer to fixed public service facilities. Specifically, viewing platforms with stone bases and steel roofs can be used to ensure facility safety and continued functionality.

[0061] Specifically, flood-resistant plants and permeable pavement are arranged in the lower areas with higher flood risks. Plant roots consolidate the soil to reduce erosion caused by flooding, and permeable pavement accelerates rainwater infiltration and reduces surface runoff. The middle area corresponds to the periodic flooding area. Removable plank roads are used to ensure rapid demolition during the flood season to avoid structural damage. Moisture-resistant trees maintain the continuity of the ecological landscape during the non-flood season. The upper area is located at a safe elevation range and is equipped with permanent cultural facilities to meet daily use needs. Through the functional stratification of vertical space, different elevation sections are assigned to undertake flood control and energy dissipation, ecological buffering, and cultural carrying functions, forming a composite structure that matches the dynamic changes in water levels.

[0062] This invention establishes a vertical gradient protection system through elevation zoning, precisely aligning flood-resistant structures and removable devices with flood inundation depths. Cultural facilities are retained in high-safety zones, achieving a spatial alignment between flood safety thresholds and functional sustainability. Specifically, a lower-level permeable pavement and a combination of flood-resistant plants reduce flood impact energy, a middle-level removable structure allows for rapid facility adjustments, and upper-level permanent facilities ensure the continuation of cultural functions, creating a composite cross-sectional structure that balances flood resilience, ecological protection, and cultural leisure.

[0063] Step 7: Corridor coverage acceptance Verify the corridor system constructed above: Verify whether the corridor system meets the standards by calculating the corridor coverage rate. If the corridor coverage rate is greater than or equal to the threshold, the corridor system meets the standards; otherwise, the corridor system does not meet the standards. The corridor coverage rate is calculated using the following formula: .

[0064] The corridor coverage rate is used to quantitatively assess the spatial integrity of the corridor system. The threshold value refers to a preset standard value, which can be calculated through a multi-factor weighted calculation based on historical flood inundation statistics, the proportion of ecological protection red line areas, or the distribution density of cultural resources. This parameter is used to establish a verification benchmark that matches the flood resilience goal. This invention uses a dynamic verification mechanism to promptly identify areas with insufficient coverage and perform design optimization, significantly improving the corridor system's ability to cope with seasonal water level fluctuations and multi-objective demands.

[0065] Example A specific riverside area was selected. The process of constructing a resilient riverside corridor system began with data input and preprocessing. Multimodal data included: 1) DEM data: 12.5m-resolution ALOS PALSAR DEM data covering the Yangtze River section in Ezhou was used to extract topographic information; 2) Hydrological data: A 10-year rainfall series from the Ezhou hydrological station, with a maximum 24-hour rainfall of 250mm, was collected for stormwater simulation; 3) Land use data: Sentinel-2 image interpretation was used to determine the distribution of built-up areas (25%), green spaces (40%), water areas (15%), and bare land (20%), providing a basis for corridor alignment.

[0066] Based on the pre-processed data, rainwater simulation and flood dynamic risk zoning are carried out. The specific steps are as follows: 1) SWMM parameter setting: Using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) software, 12 sub-basins were divided according to DEM data. A 100-year Chicago rain-type rainfall scenario (peak intensity 150 mm / h) was set to simulate the inundation depth and generate inundation depth raster data (ranging from 0 to 3.5 m).

[0067] 2) Risk grading: Based on parameters such as inundation depth and duration, the Flood Risk Index (FRI) is calculated to categorize regional flood risks into high-risk areas (FRI ≥ 0.7, inundation depth > 1.5 m, accounting for 12% of the region), medium-risk areas (0.4 ≤ FRI < 0.7, accounting for 28% of the region), and low-risk areas (FRI < 0.4, accounting for 60% of the region).

[0068] Based on the risk zoning, corridor line selection is carried out, taking full consideration of the local characteristics of Ezhou.

[0069] 1) First-level corridor generation: A continuous area (5.2 km²) was extracted by expanding 50 m along the 100-year inundation line. Resistance values ​​for different land use types were set (built-up area = 100, green space = 10, bare land = 50). The minimum cost path algorithm was used to generate three first-level corridors with a total length of 8.7 km, avoiding the main urban area of ​​Ezhou.

[0070] 2) Secondary Corridor Optimization: Combining Ezhou's cultural nodes (Guanyin Pavilion), ecological nodes (Xishan Park), and community nodes (Phoenix Square), we used ArcGIS's "Network Analyst" tool to generate a walking network (15-minute coverage circle) with a total length of 14.3 kilometers, forming a secondary corridor to enhance its connectivity and functionality.

[0071] Composite section design is carried out according to the elevation of the area where the corridor is located to ensure the safety and functionality of the corridor at different water levels.

[0072] Lower layer (elevation ≤ 20m): Plant reeds (flood-resistant height 2m) and set up ecological gabions (permeability ≥ 90%) to enhance ecological functions and flood control capabilities.

[0073] Middle layer (20m<elevation≤25m): Build a detachable plank road (material: antiseptic bamboo wood), plant Metasequoia (a moisture-resistant tree species), and provide hydrophilic space and ecological landscape.

[0074] Upper level (elevation>25m): Set up Ezhou Chu culture relief wall and viewing platform to showcase local culture and enhance the cultural connotation and viewing value of the corridor.

[0075] Finally, the constructed riverside resilient corridor system was verified and optimized. The coverage rate (ratio of high-risk areas covered by the corridor to the total high-risk area) was calculated. The Ezhou case achieved a coverage rate of 93.5% (the standard requirement is ≥90%), demonstrating that the corridor system effectively covers high-risk areas. For the remaining 6.5% of high-risk areas, ecological detention ponds were added to enhance the corridor system's overall flood control capacity and resilience.

[0076] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed processes is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0077] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purposes of describing the above embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the various embodiments may be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to encompass all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent the term "comprising" is used in the specification or claims, the term is intended to be encompassed in a manner similar to the term "including," as explained in terms of "including," used as a transitional word in the claims. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or."

[0078] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention. Matters not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-modal integrated riverside resilient corridor system construction method, characterized by: Acquire multimodal data of the riverside area, wherein the multimodal data includes basic geographic data, hydrological data, land use data, and POI data; Based on multimodal data, the riverside area is simulated for rain and flood, and a dynamic risk superposition analysis of the flood risk in the riverside area is performed based on the simulation results to generate a dynamic flood risk zoning map; Evaluate the land suitability of the riverside area based on multimodal data to generate a land suitability classification map; Corridor line selection is carried out based on multimodal data, dynamic flood risk zoning maps, and land suitability classification maps, and planning maps of corridors at all levels are obtained; A composite section design is carried out according to the elevation of the area where the corridor is located to obtain a corridor section design drawing.

2. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 1 is characterized by: After obtaining the multimodal data of the riverside area, ArcGIS is used to pre-process the multimodal data, and stormwater simulation, land suitability evaluation, and corridor line selection are performed based on the pre-processed data. The pre-processing includes: Use Spatial Analyst tool to fill the depression of DEM data; Use the Hydrology Toolbox to extract river networks, flow diagrams, and runoff accumulation, and to divide the number and boundaries of sub-basins. The Zonal Statistics tool is used to count and extract the basin parameters of each sub-basin.

3. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rain and flood simulation of the riverside area based on multimodal data includes: The watershed parameters extracted by ArcGIS were imported into the SWMM model, and a rainfall scenario with a recurrence period of N years / M years was set to simulate the flood inundation depth and range, and the flood inundation raster map data was output. N and M were the set first and second years, respectively, and N was less than M.

4. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method of performing dynamic risk superposition analysis on the flood risk of the riverside area based on the simulation results to generate a dynamic flood risk zoning map includes: Based on the flood inundation raster map, the flood inundation depth is divided using the Reclassify tool to obtain a flood risk map; Superimpose seasonal water level data and flood risk maps to obtain seasonal flood dynamic risk range maps; Calculate the flood risk index based on the data in the seasonal flood dynamic risk range map; Based on the inundation risk index, the seasonal flood dynamic risk range map is divided into risk levels to obtain a flood dynamic risk zoning map.

5. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The flood dynamic risk zoning map is as follows: High-risk area: areas with FRI ≥ F1, corresponding to floods with a return period of M years; Medium risk area: the area where F2≤FRI<F1, corresponding to floods with a return period of once every N years; Low-risk area: areas with FRI < F2, corresponding to regular rainy season waterlogging; Among them, FRI is the flooding risk index; F1 and F2 are the first setting index and the second setting index respectively.

6. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The flooding risk index is calculated by the following formula: ， Among them, FRI is the flood risk index; is the submergence depth; is the duration of submergence; is the flow rate; 、 、 are the weights of flooding depth, flooding duration and flow velocity respectively.

7. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The land suitability evaluation of the riverside area based on multimodal data to generate a land suitability classification map includes: Slope, ecological sensitivity, cultural resource density, and current construction intensity were selected as evaluation factors. The AHP analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weights of each evaluation factor. The Weighted Overlay tool was used to overlay the standardized evaluation factors to generate a land suitability classification map.

8. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The corridor line selection is carried out based on multimodal data, dynamic flood risk zoning and land suitability classification map, and the planning map of corridors at each level is obtained, including: Expand the buffer zone of the first distance along the boundary of the high-risk area, combine with the area of ​​high land suitability, screen the continuous strip space with a slope less than the set slope, and use the Least Cost Path tool to generate the flood control corridor path with minimum ecological interference to form a first-level corridor; At the intersection of low- and medium-risk areas and high-suitability areas, the Network Analyst tool was used to connect cultural nodes and residential areas to generate a recreational trail network and form a secondary corridor.

9. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The composite section design according to the elevation of the corridor area includes: Three-level sections are designed according to the corridor elevation zoning: the lower section is paved with flood-resistant plants and permeable components, the middle section is equipped with detachable plank roads and moisture-resistant trees, and the upper section is arranged with permanent cultural and leisure facilities.

10. The method for constructing a multimodal integrated riverside resilient corridor system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes verification of the constructed corridor system: verifying whether the corridor system meets the standards by calculating the corridor coverage rate. If the corridor coverage rate is greater than or equal to the threshold, the corridor system is verified to meet the standards; otherwise, the corridor system is verified to not meet the standards.

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