Roof distributed photovoltaic module installation method, process and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module installation, and particularly relates to a roof distributed photovoltaic module installation method, process and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring point cloud data and an image of a roof, and constructing a roof three-dimensional model; according to the roof three-dimensional model, boundary coordinates of an installation area are determined; in a pre-constructed photovoltaic library, a corresponding photovoltaic panel size is called to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area, an optimally arranged photovoltaic panel is obtained, and the photovoltaic library comprises photovoltaic panels of various sizes; obtaining the maximum load bearing of the roof, and comparing the maximum load bearing with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value; according to the margin value and the roof three-dimensional model, roof reinforcement operation indication is carried out, and a load safety evaluation report is obtained; and installing the distributed photovoltaic module on the roof by using the load safety evaluation report. Intelligent installation of the photovoltaic roof is realized, the working efficiency of surveying and mapping is improved, and the reworking cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of photovoltaic module installation technology, and in particular relates to a method, process and system for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof. Background Art

[0002] In traditional photovoltaic rooftop installation projects, the precise demarcation of available installation areas is a primary bottleneck restricting project efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Traditional processes rely heavily on manual experience, often determining areas through on-site visual inspection or simple measuring tools (such as tape measures and levels). This approach has significant limitations: rooftop surfaces often feature complex terrain with uneven slopes, localized depressions and protrusions. Furthermore, obstacles such as chimneys, skylights, and ventilation ducts are often scattered, making it difficult for manual measurement to accurately capture these details. This leads to errors in the estimated available installation area of ​​up to 15%-20%. This crude demarcation not only results in inefficient use of roof space—for example, an area that could accommodate 50 panels may only accommodate 40 due to miscalculation—but also directly impacts the rationality of subsequent panel layout design. Underestimating the available area can lead to overly dense panel spacing, causing shadowing. Overestimating the available area can necessitate adjustments due to insufficient space, increasing rework costs.

[0003] In addition, manual division lacks standardized data support, which makes the overall project planning always in an inefficient state of "experience-dominated, data lagging", making it difficult to meet the needs of modern photovoltaic projects for refinement and intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof to address the above technical issues.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof, comprising: Obtain point cloud data and images of the roof and construct a three-dimensional model of the roof; Determining the installation area boundary coordinates based on the three-dimensional roof model; Retrieving corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area to obtain optimally arranged photovoltaic panels, wherein the photovoltaic library includes photovoltaic panels of various sizes; Obtaining the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and comparing it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value; According to the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model, roof reinforcement operation instructions are given to obtain a load safety assessment report; The distributed photovoltaic components on the roof are installed using the load safety assessment report.

[0006] In some implementations, the steps of obtaining point cloud data and images of the roof and constructing a three-dimensional model of the roof include: Use lidar scanning and drone aerial photography to obtain point cloud data and images of the roof; A three-dimensional model is constructed using the point cloud data and image of the roof to obtain a three-dimensional model of the roof, wherein the three-dimensional model of the roof includes an installation area and a non-installation area.

[0007] In some implementations, the steps of obtaining point cloud data and images of the roof and constructing a three-dimensional model of the roof further include: Obtain the building construction information on the property certificate to determine the building construction year and material; Obtain point cloud data and images of the roof; If the construction age and material meet the preset installation requirements, constructing a three-dimensional roof model having a roof outline using the point cloud data and the image of the roof; If the construction age and material do not meet the preset installation requirements, a three-dimensional model is constructed based on the point cloud data and images to obtain a three-dimensional model of the roof.

[0008] In some implementations, the step of determining the boundary coordinates of the installation area based on the three-dimensional roof model includes: Edge coordinates of the installation area and the non-installation area in the three-dimensional roof model are extracted to obtain boundary coordinates of the installation area.

[0009] In some practicable embodiments, the step of retrieving corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area to obtain optimally arranged photovoltaic panels includes: Pre-build a photovoltaic library based on existing photovoltaic panel size parameters; In the photovoltaic library, the corresponding photovoltaic panel size is retrieved and matched with the boundary coordinates of the installation area to obtain the optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels.

[0010] In some practicable embodiments, the step of obtaining the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and comparing it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value includes: If the construction age and material do not meet the preset installation requirements, the house impact coefficient is constructed using the three-dimensional roof model; Obtaining the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof based on the building age, material, and building impact coefficient; The maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof is compared with the weight of the photovoltaic panels in the optimal arrangement to obtain a margin value.

[0011] In some practicable embodiments, the step of providing roof reinforcement operation instructions based on the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model and obtaining a load safety assessment report includes: Building a historical experience database, wherein the historical experience database stores a number of construction methods for areas requiring reinforcement; If the margin value indicates that reinforcement is required, extracting the area requiring reinforcement from the three-dimensional roof model to obtain the features of the reinforcement area; According to the characteristics of the reinforcement area, the construction method corresponding to the historical experience database is called to obtain operation instructions; According to the operating instructions, a load safety assessment report is obtained.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a process for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof, applying the aforementioned method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof. The process includes: The roof outer plate is connected to the purlin by fixings at the lock edge position and at the mid-wave crest position; If the roof outer panel is fixed to the purlin at the edge position, use a standing edge fixing fixture; If the outer plate is fixed to the purlin with the medium wave crest, the medium wave crest fixing fixture should be used; After the standing seam fixing fixture and / or the medium wave crest fixing fixture are installed, a guide rail is installed on the standing seam fixing fixture and / or the medium wave crest fixing fixture; The photovoltaic panels and guide rails are fixed by edge pressing with a medium pressing machine.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application provides a distributed photovoltaic module installation system for a roof, which is applied to the aforementioned distributed photovoltaic module installation method for a roof, and the system includes: Acquisition system, used to obtain point cloud data and images of the roof and build a three-dimensional model of the roof; A processing system for determining the boundary coordinates of the installation area based on the three-dimensional roof model; The processing system is further configured to retrieve corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area, thereby obtaining an optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels, wherein the photovoltaic library includes photovoltaic panels of various sizes; The processing system is further used to obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and compare it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value; A result system is used to provide roof reinforcement operation instructions based on the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model, and obtain a load safety assessment report; The result system is also used to install distributed photovoltaic components on the roof using the load safety assessment report.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the aforementioned method for installing distributed photovoltaic components on a roof.

[0015] Beneficial effect: This application provides a method for installing distributed photovoltaic components on a roof, which obtains point cloud data and images of the roof and constructs a three-dimensional model of the roof; determines the boundary coordinates of the installation area based on the three-dimensional model of the roof; retrieves the corresponding photovoltaic panel size from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area to obtain the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels, wherein the photovoltaic library includes photovoltaic panels of various sizes; obtains the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and compares it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value; performs roof reinforcement operation instructions based on the margin value and the three-dimensional model of the roof to obtain a load safety assessment report; and uses the load safety assessment report to install distributed photovoltaic components on the roof. Through the above method, the intelligent installation of photovoltaic roofs is realized, the work efficiency of surveying and mapping is improved, and the rework cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for installing distributed photovoltaic components on a roof in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings provide embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all couplings of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] It will be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc. used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element.

[0021] The following are some explanations of some terms involved in this application to facilitate understanding of this application: Roof refers to the roof of a house.

[0022] HSV space segmentation involves converting an image from RGB to HSV color space and then accurately extracting target color regions (such as rust and stains) by setting thresholds for hue (H), saturation (S), and value (V). Its core advantage lies in leveraging HSV's intuitive semantic division of color, improving segmentation accuracy and robustness to lighting variations.

[0023] Edge detection algorithm is an important technology in image processing used to identify areas (i.e. edges) with significant changes in brightness or color in an image.

[0024] Optical Character Recognition (OCR) images use computer vision and pattern recognition technology to convert text (such as printed text and handwritten text) in images into editable and searchable text data.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof, the method comprising: S100, obtains point cloud data and images of the roof and constructs a three-dimensional model of the roof.

[0026] Specifically, step S100 may include the following: S101 uses the drone’s lidar scanning and drone aerial photography to obtain point cloud data and images of the roof.

[0027] Specifically, the drone's camera flies around the house to capture images, while its lidar scans the surrounding area to generate point cloud data of the roof. Next, the point cloud data and images are wirelessly transmitted to a processing system.

[0028] S102: constructing a three-dimensional model using the point cloud data and image of the roof to obtain a three-dimensional model of the roof.

[0029] The three-dimensional roof model includes an installation area and a non-installation area.

[0030] Specifically, the processing system includes 3D modeling software. After receiving point cloud data of the roof, the processing system uses the 3D modeling software to construct a 3D model of the roof. During the 3D modeling process, time-synchronized images are used to apply the surface of the 3D roof model. In other words, while the 3D modeling software is used to construct the 3D model, radar often only recognizes geometric shapes, but does not provide as good a representation of surface textures as images. Therefore, the captured images are overlaid on the surface of the 3D roof model using a time-synchronized method. This allows the 3D roof model to have not only the 3D shape but also the surface texture, particularly highlighting chimneys, skylights, cracks, and rust. The 3D roof model includes both installation and non-installation areas. The installation areas represent areas where photovoltaic modules can be installed, while the non-installation areas represent areas, such as chimneys and skylights, where photovoltaic modules cannot be installed.

[0031] It should be noted that between the steps of obtaining the point cloud data and image of the roof and constructing the three-dimensional model of the roof, the following steps may also be included: S111, obtain the house construction information on the real estate certificate and determine the construction year and material of the house.

[0032] Specifically, a camera is used to photograph the property certificate, and OCR technology is used to obtain the house construction information, where the house construction information includes the construction year and construction materials.

[0033] The construction material determines the initial load-bearing capacity. Limited to concrete / steel structures, the age of construction determines the degree of attenuation of the initial load-bearing capacity.

[0034] S112, obtaining point cloud data and images of the roof.

[0035] Specifically, as described in step S101, the drone's camera is used to capture images around the house to form an image, and the drone's laser radar is used to scan the surrounding area to obtain point cloud data of the roof.

[0036] S113: If the construction age and material meet the preset installation requirements, a three-dimensional roof model having a roof outline is constructed using the point cloud data and the image of the roof.

[0037] If the construction age and material do not meet the preset installation requirements, a three-dimensional model is constructed based on the point cloud data and images to obtain a three-dimensional model of the roof.

[0038] Specifically, a pre-set installation requirements table can be used to describe the construction year, material, and margin value. The margin value is then divided into three safety levels: A, B, and C. The margin value represents the relationship between the maximum load-bearing capacity of the house and the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels. The maximum load-bearing capacity of the house can be calculated based on the year, material, crack ratio, area of ​​rust and decay, and deformation. The year, material, crack ratio, area of ​​rust and decay, and deformation are each assigned corresponding weights before calculation. In other words, for houses over a certain age, a margin value assessment is required. If the calculated margin value meets the requirements, installation can proceed; otherwise, it cannot.

[0039] Next, the age and material requirements are assessed. If the age and material requirements meet the pre-set installation requirements in the table, no further assessment is required, and a load safety assessment report is generated directly. This report indicates that construction can proceed. Assuming the building is in good condition, the building will not be unable to withstand the weight of the PV panels in the corresponding years. (In fact, the load-bearing capacity of the building is also considered before PV panels are installed. This means that if the building has not reached a certain age, PV panel installation is not a problem; it is the aging building that needs to be considered.) For example, houses built between 0 and 10 years old in the table at least meet the material requirements (for example, houses constructed of wood do not meet the requirements), and construction can proceed directly. This is because roof deterioration during this period does not affect the installation of PV panels. However, for houses built between 10 and 10 years old, multiple factors, such as the building impact factor and maintenance status, need to be considered. In other words, for buildings over 10 years old, a comprehensive assessment of the construction year, material, and building impact factor is required to determine the margin of safety, which is then used to determine whether the construction conditions are met.

[0040] It should be noted that if the construction age and material meet the preset installation requirements (installation requirements refer to the range of 0-10 years), the point cloud data and image of the roof are used to construct a 3D roof model with the roof outline. In other words, the roof outline is constructed using the point cloud data. Image recognition technology is then used to identify non-installation areas such as chimneys and skylights. Next, time synchronization is used to determine the location of non-installation areas such as chimneys and skylights within the roof outline. Finally, a 3D roof model consisting solely of the roof outline is generated. This roof outline includes the non-installation areas; other areas do not require rendering. This outline rendering method ensures that construction workers only need to identify the outlines of installation and non-installation areas (for example, outputting a simplified wireframe model with markings, highlighting non-installation areas in red and installation areas in green to avoid confusion during construction). The interior of the installation and non-installation areas is not rendered. This saves 3D modeling time, reducing rendering time from over half an hour to a few minutes or seconds. However, this operation is performed only when installation requirements are met. If the installation requirements are not met, a complete 3D model of the roof will need to be constructed.

[0041] S200: Determine the boundary coordinates of the installation area according to the three-dimensional roof model.

[0042] Specifically, determining the boundary coordinates of the installation area may include the following steps: Edge coordinates of the installation area and the non-installation area in the three-dimensional roof model are extracted to obtain boundary coordinates of the installation area.

[0043] Specifically, while obtaining the 3D roof model in the aforementioned steps, the installation area and non-installation area are also obtained. First, the edge coordinates of the installation area are extracted, for example, the edge coordinates of the roof perimeter in the 3D roof model. Then, based on the edge coordinates of the non-installation area, the installation area is removed, thereby obtaining the boundary coordinates of the installation area.

[0044] Next, the installation area boundary coordinates are used as the maximum area on the roof where photovoltaic modules can be installed, and are used in subsequent calculations.

[0045] S300 , retrieving corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area, thereby obtaining optimally arranged photovoltaic panels.

[0046] The photovoltaic bank includes photovoltaic panels of various sizes.

[0047] Specifically, obtaining the optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels may include the following steps: S301, pre-build a photovoltaic library based on existing photovoltaic panel size parameters.

[0048] S302 , retrieving corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from the photovoltaic library, matching the installation area boundary coordinates, and obtaining optimally arranged photovoltaic panels.

[0049] Specifically, a photovoltaic library is pre-built based on the size parameters of the photovoltaic panels that can be used currently. In other words, this photovoltaic library stores various parameters of the photovoltaic panels, such as length, width, height, weight and how to install them.

[0050] Next, after obtaining the boundary coordinates of the installation area in the aforementioned steps, it is equivalent to providing an area where photovoltaic modules can be installed. The photovoltaic panel size parameters are retrieved from the photovoltaic library, and any combination is performed within the installation area to ensure that the area of ​​the installation area covered by the photovoltaic modules is the largest, thereby obtaining the optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels.

[0051] S400: Obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof, and compare it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value.

[0052] Specifically, obtaining the margin value may include the following steps: S401: If the construction age and material do not meet the preset installation requirements, the house impact coefficient is constructed using the roof three-dimensional model.

[0053] Specifically, if the age of the house does not meet the requirements mentioned above, for example, it is more than 10 years old, even if the material meets the requirements, the house impact coefficient needs to be added to make a comprehensive judgment on the house.

[0054] Among them, the house impact coefficient may include crack ratio, rust and decay area, and deformation amount.

[0055] It should be noted that cracks, rust, decay, and deformation can all be obtained through drone aerial photography. This means that drone aerial photography generates image data, which is then processed by a processing system. For example, edge detection algorithms can be used to identify cracks, and color recognition (such as HSV spatial segmentation) can be used to identify rust areas. The image processing algorithms mentioned here are all conventional algorithms, and this application does not improve them.

[0056] It should also be noted that the crack ratio can be calculated by dividing the total crack length by the roof perimeter; the rust and decay area can be calculated by dividing the total rust and decay area by the total roof area; and the maximum deformation can be extracted by plane fitting the point cloud to extract the maximum local settlement. The weights assigned to cracks, rust and decay, and deformation are then multiplied to obtain the crack value, rust and decay value, and deformation value. Finally, the crack value, rust and decay value, and deformation value are subtracted from 1 to obtain the house impact coefficient. A lower house impact coefficient indicates worse structural condition.

[0057] For example, the house impact coefficient = 1 - (0.5×crack value + 0.3×rust value + 0.2×deformation value), where 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2 are only for illustrative purposes and can be adjusted based on actual conditions.

[0058] Finally, it's important to note that, using time synchronization, when constructing a complete 3D roof model, cracks, corrosion, and deformation are marked with corresponding locations within the 3D roof model. This allows users to identify the specific locations of cracks, corrosion, and deformation when observing the 3D roof model.

[0059] S402: Obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof according to the building age, material, and building impact coefficient of the building.

[0060] Specifically, the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof is calculated based on the age of the building, the material and the building impact coefficient, such as weighted summation.

[0061] For example, maximum load-bearing capacity=initial load-bearing capacity×(weight 1×material coefficient+weight 2 image×age coefficient+weight 2×house impact coefficient).

[0062] The initial load-bearing capacity indicates the standard load-bearing capacity of the new roof (based on the material table), the material coefficient indicates the durability correction of the image material (the larger the value, the higher the strength retention), the age coefficient image indicates the linear attenuation caused by the years of use, and the house impact coefficient indicates the combined impact of cracks, rust, and deformation.

[0063] The weight constraint is weight 1 + weight 2 + weight 3 = 1.

[0064] S403 : Obtain a margin value based on the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and the weight of the photovoltaic panels in the optimal arrangement.

[0065] The margin value is calculated as follows: ; Security level classification: Level A (margin ≥ 0.5): marked as "safe" and the installation coordinates are directly output; Class B (0.2≤margin<0.5): marked as “needs reinforcement”; Class C (margin < 0.2): Marked as "Do not install".

[0066] After classification according to safety levels, it can be seen that those of level A can be installed directly, those of level B need to be reinforced before installation, and those of level C are directly marked as unable to be installed.

[0067] S500: Perform roof reinforcement operation instructions based on the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model to obtain a load safety assessment report.

[0068] Specifically, obtaining a load safety assessment report may include the following steps: S501, build a historical experience database.

[0069] The historical experience database stores several construction methods for areas requiring reinforcement.

[0070] Specifically, the historical experience database is a keyword-indexed database that stores reinforcement solutions for different damage types (cracks, corrosion, and deformation) from past engineering cases. In other words, by searching the historical experience database, you can find corresponding reinforcement construction methods.

[0071] S502: If the margin value indicates that reinforcement is required, extract the area requiring reinforcement from the three-dimensional roof model to obtain reinforcement area features.

[0072] Specifically, the margin value is divided into three safety levels. Levels A and C do not require reinforcement. Only level B requires reinforcement. That is, when the margin value reaches level B (0.2 ≤ margin < 0.5), the reinforcement process is triggered.

[0073] The following features are extracted from the roof 3D model: Damage location: The coordinate area of ​​cracks, rust, and deformation in the roof 3D model (such as the southeast corner of the roof).

[0074] Damage quantification values: crack length / width, corrosion area, deformation (unit: mm).

[0075] Generate the reinforcement area feature table, as shown in Table 1.

[0076]

[0077] Table 1 S503: Based on the characteristics of the reinforcement area, the construction method corresponding to the historical experience database is called to obtain operation instructions.

[0078] For example, the reinforcement area feature table is input into the historical experience database for indexing, and matching can be performed according to the following priorities: Damage type + material (e.g. concrete cracks, epoxy grouting).

[0079] Characteristic value range (crack width 1-3mm, corresponding to grouting pressure 0.2MPa).

[0080] Operating instructions: Construction steps: such as "cleaning cracks, drilling, grouting, and surface polishing."

[0081] Material specifications: such as "carbon fiber cloth: tensile strength ≥3000MPa, thickness 0.3mm".

[0082] Safety warning: For example, "The roof needs to be temporarily supported during operation, and loads ≥ 50kg / m² are prohibited."

[0083] The indexing method can perform index matching based on the optimal matching principle.

[0084] S504: Obtain a load safety assessment report according to the operation instruction.

[0085] Specifically, the contents of the load safety assessment report may include: Basic information: construction year, material, margin value, safety level; Reinforcement plan: List the construction methods, materials, and expected results by area.

[0086] Figure: Reinforcement areas marked in the 3D roof model.

[0087] Assessment conclusion: whether construction can be carried out.

[0088] S600: Install distributed photovoltaic modules on the roof using the load safety assessment report.

[0089] Specifically, if the load safety assessment report shows that construction is possible, the distributed photovoltaic components on the roof can be installed according to the contents of the load safety assessment report.

[0090] In one embodiment, after determining that the photovoltaic modules can be installed, the photovoltaic modules need to be hoisted to the roof. Since the location and height of the houses are different, a large hoisting drone can be used for hoisting. That is, after step S600, the following steps are also included: Loading the three-dimensional roof model into a lifting drone; Scan the current photovoltaic module to obtain the shape of the current photovoltaic module; Matching the shape of the current photovoltaic module with the three-dimensional model of the roof to obtain a matching result; Based on the matching results, the final position of the hoisting drone is determined.

[0091] Specifically, according to the optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels, the three-dimensional model of the roof is split to form a corresponding relationship. Next, the matching priority is set, for example, from left to right, from top to bottom, and matching is performed one by one. When the staff puts the current photovoltaic component (photovoltaic panel) on the hoisting drone, the hoisting drone uses the camera on it to roughly scan the shape of the current photovoltaic component, especially the length and width, when it starts and moves towards the roof, and matches the scanned dimensions with multiple different size areas after the roof three-dimensional model is split, from left to right, from top to bottom one by one. After the matching is completed, a matching result is formed. Next, the matched size area is used as the end position, and the hoisting drone will fly to the end position. Then, the staff unbinds the current photovoltaic component, and the hoisting drone flies back to the starting position, waiting for the next action.

[0092] For example, coordinate marking or area marking can be performed according to the different size areas after the roof three-dimensional model is split. In this way, after the lifting drone determines the coordinates or marks based on the matching results, it can use them as the end position.

[0093] Through the above method, the UAV can perform automatic flight, which can reduce the energy of the UAV operator to a certain extent and improve work efficiency.

[0094] In a second aspect, the present application provides a process for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof, applying the aforementioned method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof. The process includes: The roof outer plate is connected to the purlin by fixings at the lock edge position and at the mid-wave crest position; If the roof outer panel is fixed to the purlin at the edge position, use a standing edge fixing fixture; If the outer plate is fixed to the purlin with the medium wave crest, the medium wave crest fixing fixture should be used; After the standing seam fixing fixture and / or the medium wave crest fixing fixture are installed, a guide rail is installed on the standing seam fixing fixture and / or the medium wave crest fixing fixture; The photovoltaic panels and guide rails are fixed by edge pressing with a medium pressing machine.

[0095] It should be noted that the fixture is connected to the lock edge or the middle wave peak (depending on the fixing form of the roof panel and the purlin to ensure the pull-out force and wind resistance), the guide rail is installed on the fixture for conversion, and then the photovoltaic panel is installed on the guide rail.

[0096] Example: Process introduction: Fixture installation According to the installation method of the corrugated steel sheet roof, it must have a locking edge process. There are two main fixing methods: one is to connect the purlin with the fixing parts at the locking edge position; the other is to connect the purlin with the fixing parts at the middle wave peak position.

[0097] Different photovoltaic module fixing clamps are selected according to different fixing methods. If the roof outer panel is fixed by locking the edge and fixing it with the purlin, then the upright locking edge fixing clamp is selected. If the outer panel is fixed by medium wave peak and fixing it with the purlin, then the medium wave peak fixing clamp is selected (its function is to form an effective connection between the photovoltaic guide rail and the roof system, thereby increasing the tensile strength and wind resistance of the photovoltaic module, and reducing the degree of damage to the roof panel caused by high-frequency vibration).

[0098] After the fixtures are installed, the guide rails are installed. These are made from 6005-T5 aluminum profiles and connected to the mounting brackets using A2-70 stainless steel bolts. The guide rails are perpendicular to the ribs of the roof's corrugated sheeting, allowing for flexible spacing based on the panel's layout to create a flat mounting surface for the photovoltaic panels. The rails are connected using U-shaped connectors with holes cut into the bottom.

[0099] After the guide rails are adjusted according to the different specifications and sizes of photovoltaic panels, the photovoltaic panels are installed, and the photovoltaic panels and guide rails are fixed by side pressing blocks using a medium pressing machine.

[0100] The photovoltaic panel is locked by connecting the middle pressure block, the side pressure blocks and the guide rail.

[0101] In a third aspect, the present application provides a distributed photovoltaic module installation system for a roof, which is applied to the aforementioned distributed photovoltaic module installation method for a roof, and the system includes: Acquisition system, used to obtain point cloud data and images of the roof and build a three-dimensional model of the roof; A processing system for determining the boundary coordinates of the installation area based on the three-dimensional roof model; The processing system is further configured to retrieve corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area, thereby obtaining an optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels, wherein the photovoltaic library includes photovoltaic panels of various sizes; The processing system is further used to obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and compare it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value; A result system is used to provide roof reinforcement operation instructions based on the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model, and obtain a load safety assessment report; The result system is also used to install distributed photovoltaic components on the roof using the load safety assessment report.

[0102] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the aforementioned method for installing distributed photovoltaic components on a roof.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0104] The various embodiments in the present disclosure are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0105] The scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present disclosure without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. If such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the present disclosure is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof, characterized in that: include: Obtain point cloud data and images of the roof and construct a three-dimensional model of the roof; Determining the installation area boundary coordinates based on the three-dimensional roof model; Retrieving corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area to obtain optimally arranged photovoltaic panels, wherein the photovoltaic library includes photovoltaic panels of various sizes; Obtaining the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and comparing it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value; According to the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model, roof reinforcement operation instructions are given to obtain a load safety assessment report; The distributed photovoltaic components on the roof are installed using the load safety assessment report.

2. The method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of obtaining point cloud data and images of the roof and constructing a three-dimensional model of the roof include: Use lidar scanning and drone aerial photography to obtain point cloud data and images of the roof; A three-dimensional model is constructed using the point cloud data and image of the roof to obtain a three-dimensional model of the roof, wherein the three-dimensional model of the roof includes an installation area and a non-installation area.

3. The method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of obtaining the point cloud data and image of the roof and constructing the three-dimensional model of the roof also include: Obtain the building construction information on the property certificate to determine the building construction year and material; Obtain point cloud data and images of the roof; If the construction age and material meet the preset installation requirements, constructing a three-dimensional roof model having a roof outline using the point cloud data and the image of the roof; If the construction age and material do not meet the preset installation requirements, a three-dimensional model is constructed based on the point cloud data and images to obtain a three-dimensional model of the roof.

4. The method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof according to claim 1, wherein: The step of determining the boundary coordinates of the installation area based on the three-dimensional roof model includes: Edge coordinates of the installation area and the non-installation area in the three-dimensional roof model are extracted to obtain boundary coordinates of the installation area.

5. The method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of retrieving corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area to obtain optimally arranged photovoltaic panels includes: Pre-build a photovoltaic library based on existing photovoltaic panel size parameters; In the photovoltaic library, the corresponding photovoltaic panel size is retrieved and matched with the boundary coordinates of the installation area to obtain the optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels.

6. The method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and comparing it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value includes: If the construction age and material do not meet the preset installation requirements, the house impact coefficient is constructed using the three-dimensional roof model; Obtaining the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof based on the building age, material, and building impact coefficient; The maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof is compared with the weight of the photovoltaic panels in the optimal arrangement to obtain a margin value.

7. The method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of providing roof reinforcement operation instructions based on the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model to obtain a load safety assessment report includes: Building a historical experience database, wherein the historical experience database stores a number of construction methods for areas requiring reinforcement; If the margin value indicates that reinforcement is required, extracting the area requiring reinforcement from the three-dimensional roof model to obtain the features of the reinforcement area; According to the characteristics of the reinforcement area, the construction method corresponding to the historical experience database is called to obtain operation instructions; According to the operating instructions, a load safety assessment report is obtained.

8. A distributed photovoltaic module installation process for a roof, characterized in that: A method for installing distributed photovoltaic modules on a roof as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, the process comprising: The roof outer plate is connected to the purlin by fixings at the lock edge position and at the mid-wave crest position; If the roof outer panel is fixed to the purlin at the edge position, use a standing edge fixing fixture; If the outer plate is fixed to the purlin with the medium wave crest, the medium wave crest fixing fixture should be used; After the standing seam fixing fixture and / or the medium wave crest fixing fixture are installed, a guide rail is installed on the standing seam fixing fixture and / or the medium wave crest fixing fixture; The photovoltaic panels and guide rails are fixed by edge pressing with a medium pressing machine.

9. A distributed photovoltaic module installation system for a roof, characterized in that: A distributed photovoltaic assembly installation method for a roof applied to any one of claims 1-7, the system comprising: Acquisition system, used to obtain point cloud data and images of the roof and build a three-dimensional model of the roof; A processing system for determining the boundary coordinates of the installation area based on the three-dimensional roof model; The processing system is further configured to retrieve corresponding photovoltaic panel sizes from a pre-built photovoltaic library to match the boundary coordinates of the installation area, thereby obtaining an optimal arrangement of photovoltaic panels, wherein the photovoltaic library includes photovoltaic panels of various sizes; The processing system is further used to obtain the maximum load-bearing capacity of the roof and compare it with the weight of the optimally arranged photovoltaic panels to obtain a margin value; A result system is used to provide roof reinforcement operation instructions based on the margin value and the three-dimensional roof model, and obtain a load safety assessment report; The result system is also used to install distributed photovoltaic components on the roof using the load safety assessment report.

10. A computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for installing distributed photovoltaic components on a rooftop according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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